灰土多少钱一方:高中化学除杂 总结

常见的物质除杂参考答案
序号 原物    所含杂质        除杂质试剂                            除杂质的方法
1        N2          O2                  灼热的铜丝网                             洗气
2       CO2         H2S               硫酸铜溶液                                 洗气
3       CO           CO2              石灰水或烧碱液                         洗气
4       CO2         HCl               饱和小苏打溶液                         洗气
5       H2S           HCl               饱和NaHS溶液                          洗气
6       SO2          HCl               饱和NaHSO33溶液                     洗气
7       Cl2            HCl                饱和NaCl溶液                           洗气
8       CO2          SO2               饱和小苏打溶液                        洗气
9       碳粉          MnO2            浓盐酸                                       加热后过滤
10     MnO2       碳粉               -----------                                  加热灼烧
11     碳粉          CuO              盐酸或硫酸                               过滤
12     Al2O3       Fe2O3         NaOH溶液（过量）再通CO2         过滤、加热固体
13     Fe2O3      Al2O3           NaOH溶液                                     过滤
14     Al2O3      SiO2             盐酸  NH3•H2O                               过滤、加热固体
15     SiO2         ZnO               盐酸                                             过滤
16     CuO           ZnO               NaOH溶液                                过滤
17     BaSO4       BaCO3         稀硫酸                                         过滤
18     NaOH        Na2CO3        Ba（OH）2溶液（适量）         过滤
19     NaHCO3   Na2CO3         通入过量CO2                             ------
20     Na2CO3   NaHCO3        -------                                           加热
21     NaCl          NaHCO3       盐酸                                            蒸发结晶
22     NH4Cl      (NH4)2SO4     Ba Cl2溶液（适量）                   过滤
23     FeCl3        FeCl2               通入过量Cl2                              -----
24     FeCl3       CuCl2               铁粉、Cl2                                   过滤
25     FeCl2        FeCl3                铁粉                                           过滤
26     Fe(OH)3胶体  FeCl3       （半透膜）                                 渗析
27     CuS           FeS                    稀盐酸或稀硫酸                    过滤
28     I2              NaCl                  ------                                        升华
29     NaCl          NH4Cl               -------                                      加热
30     KNO3       NaCl                  蒸馏水                                     重结晶
31     乙烯          SO2、               H2O 碱石灰                             洗气
32     乙烷          乙烯                  溴水                                         洗气
33    溴苯          溴                       稀NaOH溶液                           分液
34    硝基苯      NO2                   稀NaOH溶液                           分液
35    甲苯          苯酚                   NaOH溶液                               分液
36    乙醛          乙酸                    饱和Na2CO3溶液                   蒸馏
37    乙醇          水                        新制生石灰                             蒸馏
38    苯酚          苯                        NaOH溶液、CO2                   分液
39    乙酸乙酯 乙酸                    饱和Na2CO3溶液                    分液
40    溴乙烷      乙醇                     蒸馏水                                    分液
41    肥皂          甘油                     食盐                                        过滤
42    葡萄糖      淀粉                      （半透膜）                           渗析