红米note3 投射:转贴:英文数字表达方法

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英文数字表达方法

  一、数字表达类(Numbers)

  1.英语中纯数字的表达方法

  小数和分数:

  0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen

  1/2 one half

  1/3 one /a third

  3/4 three fourths

  7'2/ 5seven and two fifths

  大于100的数字:

  101 one hundred (and ) one

  200 two hundred

  998 nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight

  在英语中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美国英语中却往往省去。请分析下面的对话:

  A:How many people are present in the party last night?

  B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.

  A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?

  B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose.

  大于1000的数字:

  1001 a/one thousand (and) one

  2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two

  900,732,266,043

  nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three

  英语中一千以上数字的表达方法是以三位数为单元,从高到低billion,million,thousand而依次读出的。因此我们在听时,可以三位数三位数地记录。试比较下面的对话:

  A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country?

  B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.

  A:Thank you very much.

  2.英语中时间的表达方法

  英语中时间的表达方法主要有直接法和借用介词法等。

  (1)直接法。

  上午八点eight AM (a.m.)[ei em]

  下午九点nine PM (p.m.)[pi:em]

  六点六分six six

  六点三十二six thirty two

  八点正eight o'clock

  (2)借用介词法。

  八点四十五a quarter to nine

  七点零五分five past seven

  七点五十四six to eight

  六点半half past six

  (3)表示正点的用法。

  十一点正at 11 o'clock sharp

  at 11 o'clock on the hour

  at 11 o'clock on the strike

  正午12点at noon

  午夜12点at midnight

  (注:12点22分可读作:twelve twenty-two: twenty-two past twelve(英式说法);twenty-two after twelve(美式说法)

  1点15可读作:one fifteen; a quarter past one(英式说法):a quarter after one(美英说法)

  8点50分可读作:eight fifty; ten to nine(英式说法);ten before nine(美式说法)

  1点40分可读作:one forty; twenty to two(英式说法);twenty before two(美式说法)

  “提前半小时”可用:half an hour early; thirty minutes early; early by half an hour; half an hour ahead of time; half an hour ahead of schedule等来表示。)

  时间表示法和时段的简单运算是听力考试的热点,请看下面的对话:

  W: How long does the class usually last?

  M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty. So……

  W: That is forty'five minutes. Thank you very much!

  Q: When does the class usually start?

  3.英语中货币的表达方法

  英国货币:penny(便士)/pence (penny的复数),pound (£)

  £20.50:twenty pounds fifty pence,也可以简单地写作:twenty fifty

  美国货币:

  1美元钞票a S|1.00 bill

  1 dollar=100 cents

  (S|1.00=one dollar)

  (S|2.00=two dollars)

  25美分1 quarter

  10美分1 dime

  5美元1 nickel

  1美分1 penny

  S|15.95:fifteen dollars ninety-five cents,或fifteen ninety-five.

  (注:表示正常价格: regular price, normal price.

  表示价格划算:a good buy, a better buy, an excellent price, a good price/ bargain.

  表示价格较贵:dear, expensive, more expensive, steep.

  表示价格便宜:cheap, inexpensive, bargain price, less expensive.

  表示减价出售:sale price, on sale, garage sale, Christmas sale, special price.

  词组:discount, half, double, cut off, knock off, twice as much as ,cross off, etc.)

  4.英语中关于数字及其计算的听力考点

  (1)数字辨别:

  有关数字辨别的一个关键考点就是类似30/13,40/14,50/15,60/16的听音,看大家能否听出其发音区别。听力理解中难以分辨的基数词主要有以下几对:

  thirteen与thirty; fourteen与forty; fifteen与fifty; sixteen与sixty; seventeen与seventy;eighteen与eighty; nineteen与ninety,在英文中这几对数词叫做teens and tens(十几与几十)。

  不管加减还是乘除,这类题中至少会出现两个数字,你的任务就是迅速地判断这两者的关系,然后根据听音再确定正确选项。

  (2)加减法计算:

  在需要简单的加减法计算的题型中,对话中至少出现两个数字,它们之间的关系往往用“多少”、“迟早”、“快慢”、“前后”的形容词、副词或介词短语等来表达。还要注意一些能够表示数的存在或引起数的变化的动词,这些动词也能确定数字之间的加减关系,例如:

  be, have, start, begin, spend, miss, leave, postpone, prolong, increase, add, borrow, lend, loan, delay, save, go up, go down, rate, at x% off the price等。

  大家还应该记住下面这些表示加减关系的词:

  more(多),less(少),late(晚),early(早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前),after(后),add/addition(加上),plus(加上),subtract/ subtraction(减去),minus(减去)

  Dialogue 1:

  M: This black bag is 2.00 and that blue one is a dollar more.

  W: The red one is twice as much as the blue one.

  Q: How much are two red bags?

  A.S|4.00B.S|6.00

  C.S|8.00D.S|12.00

  这道题从选择项上来看非常简单,因为数字不大,所以乍一看选择项有可能放松警惕,而实际上,这道貌似简单的题,中间却暗含着陷阱。因为原文中提到black、blue、red三个颜色的bag,最后提问的是红色书包的价格,包含了一个加法和乘法运算。如果大家在听的时候没记好,又没有做好笔记,就很容易出错。因此,在听力答题中要保持一个清醒的头脑,稳扎稳打是成功的重要保证。

  Dialogue 2:

  W: Three hours ago, I saw Bob at a meeting. Is he home yet?

  M: No. He said he would be back at four and it's six already.

  Question: What time did the woman see Bob?

  A??2∶00 B??3∶00 C??5∶00 D??6∶00

  在这个例子中,见到Bob的具体时间必须依据现在的时间推断出。现在时间是6点钟,而说话人是在三小时之前见到Bob的,因而那时的时间约是3点钟。正确的选项是B.

  Dialogue 3:

  M:Which coat did you finally decide to buy?

  W: Well, I would like to buy the green one, but it was S|85.00, so I bought the pink one instead, and save S|35.00.

  Question: How much did the woman pay for the coat?

  A'60 B??75 C??90 D??50

  原对话中并未直接给出说话人所购买的衣服的价钱,但可以通过其他信息推算出来。灰色衣服是85元,而买棕色的可以节省35元,即棕色的衣服是50元。应选D.

  Dialogue 4:

  W.How many people showed up for the meeting yesterday, thirty?

  M:Twenty-five are expected to come, but the number was double that.

  Question: What's the actual number of people who attended the meeting?

  A'20 B'35 C'35 D'50

  此题中的运算关系由double一词体现出来,即双倍的。原来预计有25人到场,实际上是原先的两倍,因而正确的选项是D.
作者: brucezmn    发布日期: 2006-4-29
英语数字的正确表达



在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往使人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。
  实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。

  一. 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即1至10用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。

  Eg. That table measures ten feet by five.

  那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。

  Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.

  由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间45到50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。

  二. 人数用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。

  Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls.

  选举名单上有203817个投票人。

  Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.

  近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。

  三. 遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。

  Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20.

  工作台的最大回转角度是120度。

  Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991;

  a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣);

  Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯);

  Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(订购2磅剁碎的肉)。

  如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示。

  Eg. about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里)

  Eg. at least ten yards away(至少有10码远)

  Eg. hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻)

  Eg. I have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了)。

  四. 在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。

  Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute.

  这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。

  Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.

  我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。

  五. 句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。

  Eg. 4th July is an important date in American history.

  应该写成The fourth of July...

  Eg. 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.

  19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。

  应改写成:Nineteen couples took...

  Eg. 60%profit was a reported.

  据报道有60%的利润。

  应改写成:Sixty per cent profit…

  Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.

  试验时在杆的中点加1345公斤力。

  可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...

  六. 遇到分数,可用带连字符号的单词表示。

  Eg. At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.

  这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。

  Eg. Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.

  氮约占大气的五分之四。

 

# # # # # # ## # # ## # # # # # # #

一、熟读牢记关键数字
迅速无误识别数字的前提是必须能够流利地读出数字。要从读两位数起,然后练习读三位和四位数乃至五 位或六位以上的数字。其中两位和三位数的读法是读所有数字的基础。
英文数字中的每一个逗点的读法也要牢 记:
有一个逗点读“thousand”
两个逗点读“million”
三个逗点读“billion”

还要清楚,每个逗点间 由三位数组成。 英文数字中的第四位数、第七位数、第十位数是很关键的数位。
Examples:
1,234 读作:one thousand, two hundred and thirty-four
4,567,809 读作:four million, five hundred and sixty-seven thousand, eight hundred and nine
5,678,120,000 读作:five billion, six hundred and seventy-eight million, one hundred and twenty thousand

二、“-teen和“-ty”的区别
“-teen”和“-ty”是比较容易混淆的一对读音。我们可以通过音和音素的差异来区别两者。 含有“- teen ”的词有两个重音, 即“-teen”要重读,且“-teen”中的元音为长元音[ti:n],发音长而清晰;而含有 “-ty”的词只有一个重音,即“-ty”不重读,且“-ty ”中的元音为短元音[ti],发音短而急促。
Examples:
fifteen['fif'ti:n] fifty['fifti]
nineteen['nai'ti:n] ninety['naiti]
三、英美数字读法的差异
有时,同样一个数字,英国人和美国人的读法也不尽相同,这无疑会使本来就棘手的数字雪上加霜。如:部分有一个逗点的数字(四位数),英国人用“thousand”表示,而美国人则多用“hundred”。 再如,有三个逗点的数字(十位数),美式读法为“billion”, 而英式读法为“thousand million”。因此,熟悉英美 两种不同的读法对消除数字理解上的歧义是十分必要的。

例词
英式 1,900 one thousand, nine hundred
美式1,900 nineteen hundred
英式4,000,000,000 four thousand million
美式4,000,000,000 four billion

再者,英国英语在百位和十位之间加读“and”, 而美国英语往往不用“and”。比如754这个数字。英国英语读成seven hundred and fifty-four,而美国英语则读为seven hundred fifty-four。
此外,在某些时间表达上,英美也有不同的读法。