济南有名的针灸大夫:What‘s the PKM(Personal knowledge management)

Personal knowledge management (PKM) is a concept that has grown out of a combination of knowledge management (KM) and personal information management (PIM) and cognitive human abilities.

More particular, the Personal KM is focused on helping an individual be more effective -- to work better. While the focus is the individual, the goal of the movement is to enable individuals to operate better in groups and in corporations as well. This is as opposed to the traditional view of KM, which appears to be more centered on enabling the corporation to be more effective by "recording" and making available what its people know.

A core focus of PKM is ‘personal inquiry‘, a quest to find, connect, learn and explore.

PKM is a response to the idea that knowledge workers increasingly need to be responsible for their own growth and learning. They need processes and tools by which they can evaluate what they know in a given situation, and then seek out ways to fill the gaps when needed. This frequently implies technology, but one can be good at PKM without much in the way of special tools.

The nice thing about PKM is that the "what‘s in it for me" factor is taken care of immediately, so you get quicker individual buy-in. The difficult thing is how do you show a traditional company that individual employee effectiveness necessarily leads to better organizational effectiveness.

PKM has recently been linked to social bookmarking, blogging or k-logs. The idea is individuals use their blogs to capture ideas, opinions or thoughts and this ‘voicing‘ will encourage cognitive diversity, promote free exchanges away from a centralized policed knowledge repository that is additional to ordinary work.

Some organizations are now introducing PKM ‘systems‘ with some or all of four components:

Just-in-time Canvassing - templates and e-mail canvassing lists that enable people looking for experts or expertise to identify and connect with the appropriate people quickly and effectively
Knowledge Harvesting - software tools that automatically collect appropriate knowledge residing on subject matter experts‘ hard drives rather than waiting for it to be contributed to central repositories
Personal Content Management - taxonomy processes and desktop search tools that enable employees to organize, subscribe to, publish and find information that resides on their own desktops
Personal Productivity Improvement - ‘knowledge fairs‘ and one-on-one training sessions to help each employee make more effective personal use of the knowledge, learning and technology resources available to them, in the context of their own work

[edit] PKM Skills
Skills associated with personal knowledge management.

Reflection. Continuous improvement on how the individual operates.
Manage learning. Manage how and when the individual learns.
Information literacy. Understanding what information is important and how to find unknown information.
Organizational skills. Personal librarianship? Personal categorization and taxonomies.
Networking with others. Knowing what your network of people knows. Knowing who might have additional knowledge and resources to help you
Researching, canvassing, paying attention, interviewing and observational ‘cultural anthropology‘ skills
Communication skills. Perception, intuition, expression, visualization, and interpreting.
Creative skills. Imagination, pattern-recognition, appreciation, innovation, inference. Understanding of complex adaptive systems.
Collaboration skills. Coordination, synchronization, experimentation, cooperation, and design.

[edit] Criticisms of PKM
Not everyone agrees that the focus on the individual is a good thing, or that PKM is anything more than a new wrapper around personal information management (PIM). Most notably, some argue that knowledge is never an individual product - that it emerges through connections, dialog and social interaction. See Sociology of knowledge.

PKM has been associated with a focus on personal branding, responsibility for personal learning, personal networking - using networking engines (Ryze, Friendster, LinkedIN) and management of individual documents, thought and writings. These activities do not illustrate the rich reach of the concept.


[edit] PKM Software
Personalbrain
Personal wiki
mindManager
e-mail, calendar, task managers
weblogs (with a Web feed)
Wiki
Semantic Wiki
Weblogs (with RSS) and wikis are emerging as important elements of some organizational ‘bottom-up‘ PKM systems. Other useful tools include Open Space Technology, cultural anthropology, social bookmarking, stories and narrative, mindmaps, concept maps and eco-language, single frames and similar visualization techniques, just-in-time canvassing tools, automated knowledge harvesting tools, and Google Desktop and similar desktop content management tools. All these tools are self-organizing and self-managing tools, introduced ad hoc by self-forming groups within an organization to facilitate knowledge sharing and personal content management.