生理期喝了咖啡怎么办:巧用还原法解答高考英语题

高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，我们可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，这样题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然，具体来说，可采用以下几种方法：

■将倒装句改成陈述句

由于倒装句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如：

Who did the teacher ________ an article for the school newspaper?

A. has write               B. has written             C. have write                D. have written

分析：把本题题干改成陈述句，则应是： The teacher had who write an article for the school newspaper.

这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为C。测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用省去to 的动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。

■将陈述句改为倒装句

我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰是有意地使用陈述句来命题。如：

We had ________ left home than it began to rain

A. no sooner             B. hardly                  C. almost                      D. nearly

分析：no sooner...than是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时，命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：________ had we left home than it began to rain，这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了。

■将从句或插入语去掉

命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单。如：

The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.

A. make                     B. making               C. makes                     D. made

分析；可以看出we spoke to是一个定语从句。将其去掉后，我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用. D 

■将被动句改为主动句

由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：

Time should be made good use of ___our lessons well.

A. learning                 B. learned                C. to learn                   D. learns

分析：将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time ________our lesson well。可以发现介词of有其相应的宾语，其后不能再用动名词做宾语，应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。

■将省略句改为完整的句子

省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：

—How long has China been open to the world?

—________1979.

A. After                      B. In                     C. Since                      D. From

分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子：China has been open to the world since 1979. 在所给的选项中只有since能和现在完成时连用。故答案为C。

■将强调句的it be和that去掉还原成一个单句

It was in the small house ________ was built with stone by his father ________ he spent his childhood.

A. which, that             B. that, which           C. which, which           D. that,where

分析：可将题干还原成一个陈述句:He spent his childhood in the small house which was built with stone by his father. 故答案为A。

■将疑问句还原为陈述句

Is this book ________ you have been looking for all the time﹖

A. that                        B. one                     C. the one                      D. it

分析：首先把疑问句还原成陈述句，题干即为This book is ________ you have been looking for all the time.容易看出该题是一个缺少表语且含有定语从句的主从复合句。不难看出，定语从句you have been looking for all the time修饰的先行词是主句的表语，而选项中只有the one符合要求。故答案为C(摘自www.nmet168.com)。

■将固定短语还原

That was ________we had in Beijing 13 years ago!

A. wonderful time                                       B. a wonderful time

C. wonderful                                              D. wonderfully

分析：在某些复合句中，被修饰的先行词与定语从句中的动词可构成固定短语。此句可还原为：We had a wonderful time in Beijing 13 years ago.可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配had a wonderful time(玩得愉快)，定语从句中省略了关系代词that，故答案为B。