脑积水腰穿后休息多久:20种不该忽视的记忆窍门

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英语学院应届毕业生毕业译文选登
20种不该忽视的记忆窍门
翻译:大连翻译职业学院英语学院06级应用英语1班 黄静怡
大连翻译职业学院教务处 阅读:43次发布:2009-8-11 9:41:45
不记得你的眼镜放在哪里了吗?对新同事的名字毫无印象了吧?"忘记这些小事情足以说明我们是多么的忙啊!"波士顿某医学研究所记忆障碍部门主任--医学博士ZaldyS.Tan.MD说:"当我们没有好好地去注意时,我们的记忆形式就不够强烈,并且很快地就会遗忘。
《永久记忆法》的作者Harry Lorayne认为,保持大脑年轻有活力的方法其实很简单,关键是让大脑进入状态。"我们会选择锻炼身体,但是光有健康的体魄而没有良好的精神状态怎么能行呢?"当然,你可以把一切都记下来,做个有条理的清单,在你的blackberry、手机或PDA上留下电子备忘录。但是当你无法使用这些设备时,或者你想锻炼你的大脑时,那就试试这些专家,推荐的帮助你记忆的方吧。
记忆冷冻法1
"这个大胡子叫什么来着?"
o集中注意力。当你被介绍给某个人的时候,认真地听这个人的名字。为了更好地把握住在脑中形成的拼写影像,您可以问一下,"您的名字Kathy打头字母是K,还是C?"给名字做一个备注,能够帮助你记牢它。比如:"噢,Carpenter,我小时候一个最好朋友的名字也是Carpenter。"然后在谈话中多叫几次这个名字,并且说再见的时候也要带上名字。
o使名字形象化。给一个难记的名字做出有趣的标记。例如, Bentavegna,你可以想象一个弯曲的方向标。想象一下这个画面,然后看这个人,选择一个突出的特征,比如粗眉,或是绿色的眼睛,将名字和这张脸联系起来。如果 Bentavegna先生有一个大鼻子,就用风向标来代替他的鼻子吧,画面越形象越好。
o 创造难忘的联想。《30天强力记忆训练》的作者Gini Graham Scott博士推荐说,您可以设想一下Joe Everett是站在珠峰(Mount Everest)之上的。如果你想记住的Erin Curtis 是一家建筑公司的首席执行官,那么就想象她跪在一栋摩天大厦的前面。
o 搞个小作弊。用这些提示补充一些更具体的行动。会议过后,当您拿到一些名片时,您一定要记住名片背后的一些信息,例如,此人居住在斯普林菲尔德,那么当以后您需要帮助时,这些信息就能够给你一些提示。
记忆冷冻法2:
"我的眼镜到哪儿去了?"
o 做出详情的提示。当你把眼镜放在桌子上时,请注意自己正在做什么。斯科特说提醒你自己:"我把我的钥匙放在了大衣口袋里。"那样,你就能够很清楚地知道自己做了什么。
o 养成一个习惯。在你桌子的一侧放上一个小篮子。训练你自己将钥匙、眼镜、电话和任何你经常用的东西,或经常会放错地方的东西,在每一次使用之后都顺手放在那个小篮子里。
记忆冷冻法3:
"我今天还想做什么来着?"
o 方式提醒。如果您准备去干洗店,那么就将这样的琐事写在一张便条上来提醒自己,给自己一个不同寻常的提醒方式。《使头脑更灵活的101种简单方法》的著作者Carol Vorderman建议您,如果您希望在写字台上就能看见账单,以便它们能在你需要支付的时候提醒你,那就将它们放在那。将一双鞋或一块水果的花费也写在账单上,当你忘记了支付对象时,你就会记得来看这个账单。
o将它唱出来。Vorderman说:"如果您想要记住诸如杂货店名单、电话号码、待办事项清单这样的小项目,那么就将它编成一个熟悉的歌曲。"例如,试着将"花生酱、牛奶和鸡蛋"改编成"星星,星星,小星星"或"生日快乐"的曲调,甚至可以是童谣。
o 尝试记忆装置。我们学习"ROY G BIV" 时,会非常容易就联想到彩虹的颜色,或学习"每一个好孩子的主张"时,就会联想到音符。那么就用你具有联想功能的记忆装备来记住那些人名,水果或是上司所给的任务吧。
o使用您的身体。斯科特说:"当你没有纸和笔的时候,并且还被要求清晰列出杂货店里待办事项的清单,那么就请根据你的肢体来记住它吧。"如果你需要买胶水、猫食、椰菜、鸡肉、葡萄和牙膏,你可以联想你的脚浸在了胶水里,一只猫在您的膝盖上寻找食物,花椰菜快要掉出口袋了,一只小鸡在啄你的肚脐,一串葡萄挂在你的胸部,一支牙刷含在你的嘴里。
o前往罗马。zanier协会的斯科特说:"你也可以根据罗马房间的布置技巧,来布置你的公司,那么你就会很容易清楚办公室的布局、花园的路线、以及其他的待装饰事项了。"想象一下,您的客厅有个苹果吊灯,客厅周围是沙发,厨房的水槽里溢满了洗洁精泡沫,床上放着奶酪。
记忆冷冻法4:
"这个网站,我的登录密码是什么了?"
o 给号码塑型。将每一个数字都想象成一个形状:0看起来像一个球或环;1像一支笔;2像是一只天鹅;3看起来像是手铐;4像是一个帆船;5像个孕妇;6像个管道;7像个飞镖;8像个雪人;9像个网球拍。如果你想记住ATM的个人身份号,比如4298。你可以想象你自己坐在一艘帆船里(4),当一只天鹅(2)试图攻击你,你用网球拍打它(9),它变成了一个雪人(8)。试着记住这个形象。
o 使其押韵。将1到9想像成押韵的数字--3膝,9酒,等等。然后用这些押韵的词组成一个小故事:尼姑(1)在天堂(7)撞了她的膝(3)盖,很痛(4)。
记忆冷冻法5:
"这个词就在嘴边。"
o勤加练习。勤说你无法记住的电影名称。背诵字母表--朗读或记在脑子里。如果你收到了某人的来信,里面遇到了Ratatouille这个词,那么就请记住它,没准在以后测试的时候会遇到,那样你就能够想起来了。
记忆冷冻法6:
"我只是什么都记不住了。"
o 阅读,记住,说,听。想记住演讲稿、吐司和测试材料,那么就阅读你的笔记,然后输入到电脑里。接下来,大声地读,并用磁带录下来,然后,再多听几次录音。在你记忆的时候,要记得关掉电视,拔掉iPod,并且关掉电脑,那样你才能记住更多的东西。
o 用带色笔。将你的笔记涂上颜色并写成粗体,这样能够让你更容易地记住那些红色字体的内容。
o 画个地图。你可以在地图上的一个十字路口处或是街角处配上一句话或写上一个数字来记住那些地方。
附英文原文:
20 memory tricks you'll never forget
Can't remember where you put your glasses? Blanked on your new colleague's name? "Forgetting these types of things is a sign of how busy we are," says Zaldy S. Tan, MD, director of the Memory Disorders Clinic at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. "When we're not paying good attention, the memories we form aren't very robust, and we have a problem retrieving the information later."
The key, says Harry Lorayne, author of Ageless Memory: Simple Secrets for Keeping Your Brain Young, is to get your brain in shape. "We exercise our bodies, but what good is that great body if you don't have the mental capabilities to go with it?" Sure, you could write everything down, keep organized lists and leave electronic notes on your BlackBerry, cell phone or PDA. But when you don't have access to those aids, or if you want to strengthen your brain, try these expert-recommended strategies to help you remember.
Brain Freeze #1
"What the heck is his name?"
o Pay attention. When you're introduced to someone, really listen to the person's name. Then, to get a better grasp, picture the spelling. Ask, "Is that Kathy with a K or a C?" Make a remark about the name to help lock it in ("Oh, Carpenter -- that was my childhood best friend's last name"), and use the name a few times during the conversation and when you say goodbye.
o Visualize the name. For hard-to-remember monikers (Bentavegna, Wobbekind), make the name meaningful. For Bentavegna, maybe you think of a bent weather vane. Picture it. Then look at the person, choose an outstanding feature (bushy eyebrows, green eyes) and tie the name to the face. If Mr. Bentavegna has a big nose, picture a bent weather vane instead of his nose. The sillier the image, the better.
o Create memorable associations. Picture Joe Everett standing atop Mount Everest. If you want to remember that Erin Curtis is the CEO of an architectural firm, imagine her curtsying in front of a large building, suggests Gini Graham Scott, PhD, author of 30 Days to a More Powerful Memory.
o Cheat a little. Supplement these tips with some more concrete actions. When you get a business card, after the meeting, jot down a few notes on the back of the card ("red glasses, lives in Springfield, went to my alma mater") to help you out when you need a reminder.
Brain Freeze #2
"Where in the world did I leave my glasses?"
o Give a play-by-play. Pay attention to what you're doing as you place your glasses on the end table. Remind yourself, "I'm putting my keys in my coat pocket," so you have a clear memory of doing it, says Scott.
o Make it a habit. Put a small basket on a side table. Train yourself to put your keys, glasses, cell phone or any other object you frequently use (or misplace) in the basket -- every time.
Brain Freeze #3
"What else was I supposed to do today?"
o Start a ritual. To remind yourself of a chore (write a thank-you note, go to the dry cleaner), give yourself an unusual physical reminder. You expect to see your bills on your desk, so leaving them there won't necessarily remind you to pay them. But place a shoe or a piece of fruit on the stack of bills, and later, when you spot the out-of-place object, you'll remember to take care of them, says Carol Vorderman, author of Super Brain: 101 Easy Ways to a More Agile Mind.
o Sing it. To remember a small group of items (a grocery list, phone number, list of names, to-do list), adapt it to a well-known song, says Vorderman. Try "peanut butter, milk and eggs" to the tune of "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star," "Happy Birthday" or even nursery rhymes.
o Try mnemonic devices. Many of us learned "ROY G BIV" to remember the colors of the rainbow, or "Every Good Boy Deserves Favors" to learn musical notes. Make up your own device to memorize names (Suzanne's kids are Adam, Patrick and Elizabeth, or "APE"), lists (milk, eggs, tomatoes, soda, or "METS") or computer commands (to shut down your PC, hit Control+Alt+Delete, or "CAD").
o Use your body. When you have no pen or paper and are making a mental grocery or to-do list, remember it according to major body parts, says Scott. Start at your feet and work your way up. So if you have to buy glue, cat food, broccoli, chicken, grapes and toothpaste, you might picture your foot stuck in glue, a cat on your knee looking for food, a stalk of broccoli sticking out of your pants pocket, a chicken pecking at your belly button, a bunch of grapes hanging from your chest and a toothbrush in your mouth.
o Go Roman. With the Roman room technique, you associate your grocery, to-do or party-invite list with the rooms of your house or the layout of your office, garden or route to work. Again, the zanier the association, the more likely you'll remember it, says Scott. Imagine apples hanging from the chandelier in your foyer, spilled cereal all over the living room couch, shampoo bubbles overflowing in the kitchen sink and cheese on your bedspread.
Brain Freeze #4
"What's my password for this website?"
o Shape your numbers. Assign a shape to each number: 0 looks like a ball or ring; 1 is a pen; 2 is a swan; 3 looks like handcuffs; 4 is a sailboat; 5, a pregnant woman; 6, a pipe; 7, a boomerang; 8, a snowman; and 9, a tennis racket. To remember your ATM PIN (4298, say), imagine yourself on a sailboat (4), when a swan (2) tries to attack you. You hit it with a tennis racket (9), and it turns into a snowman (8). Try forgetting that image!
o Rhyme it. Think of words that rhyme with the numbers 1 through 9 (knee for 3, wine for 9, etc.). Then create a story using the rhyming words: A nun (1) in heaven (7) banged her knee (3), and it became sore (4).
Brain Freeze #5
"The word is on the tip of my tongue."
o Practice your ABCs. Say you just can't remember the name of that movie. Recite the alphabet (aloud or in your head). When you get to the letter R, it should trigger the name that's escaping you: Ratatouille. This trick works when taking tests too.
Brain Freeze #6
"I just can't memorize anything anymore!"
o Read it, type it, say it, hear it. To memorize a speech, toast or test material, read your notes, then type them into the computer. Next, read them aloud and tape-record them. Listen to the recording several times. As you work on memorizing, remember to turn off the TV, unplug your iPod and shut down your computer; you'll retain more.
o Use color. Give your notes some color with bolded headings and bulleted sections (it's easier to remember a red bullet than running text).
o Make a map. Imagine an intersection and mentally place a word, fact or number on each street corner.
(原文出处:www.rd.com)
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