如何评价列宁 知乎:12.02.13.new3.5：the facts

Lesson5:  the facts
听力链接：http://www.ebigear.com/res-1394-7777700044695.html
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but the took a long time to send them.Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly  published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
参考译文
报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后，编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。”编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。
记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。
2012-01-18Vicky新概念三第五课录音+笔记
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New words and expression 生词和短语
1. Editor n.编辑
Edit vt.编辑
Edition n.编辑
Editorial adj.编辑的, 主编的 n.社论, 评论
n  Edit和compose的区别
n  Edit magazine, edit newspaper
n  compose a song or poetry
2．extreme  n.极端
go to extreme(s) to do…  做某事走极端= go to the deep end
go from one extreme to the other  从一个极端走向另一个极端
at the end of the roap 绳子
adj 区分 in extremes（陷入绝境 极端贫困 濒临死亡）
/in the/an extreme  非常地极度地
in extremes 处于危险,濒临死亡，陷入绝境 极端贫困 濒临死亡
inthe extreme = extremely
4.statistics  n.统计数字，统计学是单数
5.journalist  n.新闻记者新闻工作者 为报纸搜集材料
reporter n.现场报道 在电视中出现的记者
correspondent  n.(电台)记者, 通讯员 用电话通讯
journalism，新闻业
6.president n.总统
7.palace n.王宫；宏伟的住宅
8.publish v.出版  = print(vt.), go to press(vi.)
-- The book has already been published. =The book has already been printed.
-- The book has gone to press.
-- They have already published the magazine.
9.Fax n.传真 （-- send a fax）
10．impatient  adj.不耐烦的
11. fire v.解雇因为做的不好所以解雇
dismiss vt.解雇（正式）
-- The manage dismissed him from his company.
Lay off 下岗
Discharge 一般指解除劳动关系
12. get 不强调通过预先的努力普通词
Obtain 正式通过努力要求恳请得到
Achieve 凭借积累的技能耐性经验达到目的 造诣
Acquire 经过努力一定过程 使原来有的更多更长久
Earn 通过努力劳动获得  因果付出
Win 斗争比赛赌博艰苦努力获得
Attain 下了功夫花了力气达到目的
例句！！！！
Originally adv.起初，原先，从前  / original  adj.最初的, 原始的
Text 课文
What was the consequence of the editor'sinsistence on facts and statistics?
Consequence n.结果
Insistence n.坚持, 坚决主张
1.Editors of newspapers and magazines oftengo to extremes to provide their reader with
unimportant facts and statistics.
go to extremes 走极端
provide = supply 给...提供（通常与介词搭配连用）
provide sb with sth  / provide sth for sb
-- He provided them with a bed for thenight.
= He provided a bed for them for the night
2.Last year a journalist had beeninstructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on
the president's palace in a new Africanrepublic.
本句= Awell-known magazine instructed a journalist to write an article on thepresident's palace
in a new African republic.
African n.非洲人  adj.非洲的
Republic n.共和国, 共和政体
Instruct vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知
instruct sb to do sth.= tell sb formally todo sth  正式告诉某人做某事
-- The teacher instructed him to take the examination.
On = about 侧重强调课题专一
n  a book on radio
n  instructor 大学讲师 教练
3.When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
When the article arrived = When the editorr  eceived the article  （无灵主语，尽量用物做主语），写作时可以用这个句型。
refuse vt.拒绝（态度严厉）
-- I invited him to dinner, but he refused me.
decline vt.婉言谢绝
repudiate vt.断然拒绝
dismiss 拒绝提议建议
4.The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's
palace'.
which 指代the high wall
5.The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of
steps and the height of the wall.
Instructing(现在分词)进一步补充说明fax的情况
区分 分词和动名词
-- he send me a letter instructing me to come back immediately
6.The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time
to send them.
set out to do = decide and try to do 决定, 打算, 着手做...
= set about doing 决定, 打算, 着手做...
-- He set out to make his first 1,000,000in 5 years.
take sb a long time to do sth  某事花了某人很久的时间
-- It took me five days to write thearticle.
7.Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient,for the magazine would soon go to press.
He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. 外国先讲结果，再讲原因。
two more faxes = another two faxes
He sent yet another fax informing thejournalist that if he did not reply soon he would be
fired.
8.When the journalist again failed toreply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it
had originally been written.
reluctantly = unwilling  勉勉强强地, 不情愿地
as it bad originally been written = in itsoriginal way
9.A week later, the editor at last receiveda fax from the journalist.
10.Not only had the poor man been arrested,but he had been sent to prison as well.
Not only位于句首, 必须采用倒装形式。
本句 = The poorman had not only been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well.
倒装：（部分倒装）
1>否定副词位于句首, 要倒装。
never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly,scarcely, nowhere, no sooner
scarcely adv.几乎不, 简直没有
nowhere adv.无处, 到处都无
-- Never have I read such stories. 我从来也没读过这样的小说。
-- Nowhere can he find the book he wants. 无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。
-- Hardly did I think it possible. 我并不认为这是可能的。
2>含有only的状语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
-- Only then did he realize that he hadmade a mistake.
-- Only when a great deal more informationhas been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip.
3>含有not的副词短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
not for a second 决不, 毫不 / not in the least 绝不, 一点也不
not for an instant, not until
-- Not in the least is he interested inEnglish literature. 他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。
-- Not for an instant did I believe he hadlied. 我根本不认为他说了慌。
4>含有no的短语位于句首, 句子要倒装。
at on time, in no way , in no sense, by nomeans, in no case, on no account, on no condition,
under no circumstances  （都表示'绝不’）
circumstance  n.环境, 详情, 境况
-- Under no circumstances can we accept thecheck. 我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。
-- On no account must you leave the baby inthe house. 你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。
5> so such 位于句首, 句子要倒装。
11.However, he had at last been allowed tosend a fax in which he informed the editor that the
he had been arrested while counting the1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which
surrounded the president's palace.
he had at last been allowed = he had atlast been permitted = he had asked for permission
请求被允许做某事：beallowed to do, be permitted to do, asked for permission to do sth
permit v.许可,允许,准许               permission  n.许可, 允许
in which -- which指代fax
while和现在分词搭配, 做时间状语, 表示“正在做某事的过程中”。
-- 可以用while引导的时间状语从句去替换。
-- While counting… = while he was counting…
现在分词做定语：
-- the steps leading to the president'spalace 通向王宫的台阶。
-- the road leading to the forest 通向森林的路。
fifteen-foot做前置定语, 这里的名词必须上单数形式。
which引导的定语从句修饰wall, which指代wall。
-- wall which surrounded… （= wall surrounding…）
-- 为了避免和前面的现在分词句式结构(leading)相同所以没有用surrounding.