偶看新闻上海居民 澳门签注:[专家评论]2008高考英语写作—命题趋向与考点透视
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/04/28 19:42:02
【命题趋向】
书面表达题旨在测试考生的英语表达能力，考查其是否能够运用英语知识和技能进行交际的能力。
2007年全国试卷总共有19套，三套为新课标试题，广东新课标卷作文是两篇，分值为40分。山东新课标卷作文是一篇，但是分值为30分。只有海南和宁夏共同使用的新课标试卷，分值仍然为25分。其它省市试卷作文分值一般都为25分，也有几个省英语作文为30—35分。字数的要求一般为100字，但是也有一部分省市试卷要求120-150字。总之分值和字数都有上升的趋势。有15套为中文提示，2套英文提示，2套为图表形式。体裁多为议论文和说明文为主。最近几年多数高考作文试题所给的材料信息很少 ，且增加了写作试题的开放性，使学生自由发挥的余地很大，有利于学生的想象力。作文主题多贴近生活，容易写的话题。 .
【考点透视】
高考作文形式多样，多数有中文提纲，它对作文有一定的文字限制。文体有记叙文，议论文，说明文，但多为说明文，议论文，记叙文很少。
【例题解析】
一．开放试作文：用英语描述一次春游。题目为：A Spring Outing
写作思路：
1． 确定体裁：记叙文。
2． 要点：1、时间； 2、地点； 3、上山的路，行走困难；
4、同学们互相支持； 5、终于登上山顶； 6、返回
3．短语和句型的选择：go to a place for an outing;on one`s way;reach /get to a place;help each other;the top of the hill;
4. 注意分段，并且按时间顺序来写故事。
[范 文]
A Spring Outing
Last Thursday we went to Changshan for our spring outing. We reached the foot of the hill at
With the help of the grass, we moved on. While walking, the strong students helped the weak ones. After some time, we were all tried. How we wanted to have a rest, but we couldn’t stop. We walked on. At last, we got to the top of the hill.
On the top of the hill, we laughed and jumped. It seemed that we were the happiest people in the world. We took some photos there, and then sat down and had something to eat.
At 3 p. m. we began to go down. We wished the spring of our country would be with us forever.
二．加拿大高中生Tom在互联网上登出启示。希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。
假设你是李华，请在看到这则启示后，用英文给Tom 发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：
你怎样得知David愿望
你愿意成为他的朋友
你打算如何帮助他
你盼望他的回复
本文要求你回电子邮件给Tom，因为你看到了Tom征友，愿意成为他的朋友。
写作思路：
1．确定体裁：本文为说明文。
2．格式：书信体。
3．要点：（1）在网上得知Tom.要找中国朋友，以便学习中国语言，文化。
（2）自我介绍
（3）表示愿意成为他的朋友
（4）介绍如何帮助他学习汉语---have a chat with …;send e-mail ;show around the places of interest
（5）期盼回复
4．语言的使用：使用婉转的语气和客套形式。be glad to read the notice …;I am looking forward to your reply /I am waiting for your answer .
5．短语，句型的选择： make friends with/get a Chinese friend ;be fluent in ;have chats with ;learn Chinese and culture .would like to introduce oneself .keep in touch with /stay in touch with
6．段落层次：得知网络启示和介绍为第一段。帮助学习汉语等为第二段。
范文：
Dear Tom,,
I am Li Hua .I am glad to read your notice on the Internet and I know you want to make friends with a Chinese in order to learn the Chinese language and culture .I would like to be your friend .Now I would like to introduce myself to you .I was born in Xi `an city in 1990 .I am studying in Chang`an No.1High School and I am fluent in English and Chinese.
I think I can help you to know about China by sending e-mails .What`s more ,we can have chats on the Internet in Chinese and I will send e-mail to tell you the customs ,the festivals ,the food of the Chinese .If It is convenient to you ,please come to China for a visit .I will show you around many places of interest .I hope we can keep in touch with each other .
I am looking forward to your reply .
Yours
Li Hua
三．假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对饮食习惯进行讨论。请根据提示，用英文写发言稿。内容要点如下：
部分同学的饮食习惯
良好的饮食习惯
个人看法
不吃早餐
爱吃零食
偏食
饮食过量
饮食多样化
饮食定时 定量
培养良好饮食习惯的重要性；有助于身体健康。
写作思路：
1．确定体裁：本文为议论文。
2．格式：书信格式。
3．要点；（1）一些同学不吃早餐。
（2）爱吃零食、偏食。
（3）饮食过量。
（4）饮食多样化。
（5）饮食定时 定量。
（6）培养良好饮食习惯的重要性。
（7）有助于身体健 。
4． 段落层次：首段已经给出。第二段写部分学生的不良习惯。第三段写良好习惯。第四段写自己的看法。
5． 确定时态和人称。主要是第三人称。
6． 短语的选择：form good eating habits ;be particular with ;do harm to ;have a healthy diet ;have meals regularly .
范文：
Dear Friends ,
As we all know , we are what we eat .Therefore ,it is very important for us to form healthy eating habits.
However ,bad eating habits are still very common among us students .Some of often go to school without breakfast ;some like to have snacks ;some others are particular about food ;and some eat or drink too much .All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.
To keep fit ,we should have various healthy diets ,which generally include proper amounts of fish ,meat ,vegetables ,fruit as well as main food .Besides ,we`d better have meals regularly .
In my opinion ,we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body .Only in this way can we keep fit .
That`s all .Thank you .
四．.守株待兔
写作思路：
1. 确定体裁：本文为记叙文。
2．要点：（1）在地里干活，发现兔子撞死。
（2）决定扔掉锄头，等在树下，以便可以得到很多兔子。
（3）这个农夫意识到自己的愚蠢的行为。
（4）这则语言故事的寓意。
3．注意事项：段落层次：故事为第一段，寓意为第二段。
4．短语和句型的选择：work in the field ;find a rabbit lying under the tree ;bump into the trunk ;work hard ;no pains ,no gains
范文：
Once upon a time there was a farmer who was working in his field .While ploughing ,he heard a sound “bang” and found a rabbit lying under a tree .He realised that the rabbit hit the trunk dead .He said to himself “It is easy to get a rabbit ”.So he threw his hoe and lay under the tree ,hoping to get some more rabbits .Some weeks passed but he got nothing .He realized his foolish action .He went back to his field and found the crops dead .
The story tells that if we want to achieve something ,we should work hard .We should remember Chinese saying “No pains ,no gains .”
五：请根据下面提示写一篇书面通知：
内容如下：（1）你们学校为了提高中生的口语水平，将于10月2号下午在教学楼一楼报告厅举行英语口语竞赛（2）．愿意参加的同学在9月25号前在学生会报名。（3）前五名有奖励。
1．写作思路：
2．应用文：书面通知。
3．写作注意事项：（1）格式 （2）使用婉转语气 (3) 开头写出what ;who ;why ;where and when ,句子简洁。
4．单词和短语的选择：improve one`s English ;hold an English-speaking contest;sign up ;give prizes ;
范文：
Notice
An English-speaking contest is going to be held for senior students in order to improve the oral English .It will be held in our lecture hall on the first floor in the teaching building at 2 P.M October 7 .Those who would like to take part in it are supposed to sign up at the office of Student Union before September 25 .All the senior students are welcome to join in the contest .The first five winners will be given prizes .Please try your best and get ready in time .
Wish you success !
The Student Union
六：请根据下面提示写一篇口头通知：
假如你是学生会主席，你要在学校广播上发布通知，内容如下：
学生会将在
1．写作思路
2．应用文：口头通知
3．要点：
学生会将在
聚会7：00准时开始。
节目有音乐、舞蹈、唱歌比赛。最好还要和外国朋友交换礼物。
请带上自己的礼物，写上自己的名字和祝福语。
4．注意事项：（1）口头通知格式 （2）使用婉转的语气和客套用语，(3)开头和结尾
*Boy and girls ,
May I have your attention ,please ?I have announcement to make .
Attention, please .I have something important to tell you all ……
That`s all .Thank you !
5．单词和短语的选择：be going to be held /be going to hold a party ;There will be …..;
bring…along …;wrap up ;sign and write …;
范文：
An Announcement
Boys and girls ,
May I have your attention ,please ?I have announcement to make .
The Student Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening ,August 15 ,to welcome our friends from the States .The party will be held in the lecture hall of the
Don`t forget the time .There is sure to be a lot of fun .Everyone is welcome .
That`s all .Thank you .
七：根据汉语的提示写篇日记。
今天你参观了清华大学。一大早，老教授在门口接你们，然后领你参观了校园、图书馆、实验楼。下午，老教授给你们做报告。傍晚，我们不得不向老教授告别。
写作思路：
1．应用文：日记格式
2．时态的选择：一般日记采用过去时态。
3．写作要点：（1）清早，老教授在门口等你们。（2）你们参观了校园、图书馆、实验楼。（3）下午，老教授给你们做报告。（4）向老教授告别。
4．写作注意事项：以时间为顺序。Early in the morning /This morning ----then –after that—at the end of …---at night ….
5．单词和短语的选择: get to the gate/reach the gate /arrive at the gate ;welcome sb warmly /give sb a warm welcome ;visit a place ;give sb a lecture ;say good bye to sb .
范文：
April 25 Saturday Fine
（1）Today we visited Qinghua University .Early in the morning we arrived at the gate of Tsinghua University , where we were warmly welcomed by an old professor ,who then showed us around the campus .In the Library ,we saw many books ,far more than we could imagine .There were some university students reading attentively in the reading rooms .After that ,we came to the lab building .At the end of the visit ,the old professor gave us a lecture in science in the afternoon. Time passed quickly before we knew it .We had to say goodbye to the professor .At night ,I worked harder at my lessons than usual and made up my mind to be a student of
【专题训练与高考预测】
1.假如你叫李华，是高三学生，昨天你们班开讨论会，主题是高三学生要不要参加体育活动。
请写信给报社编辑，反映讨论情况。
大多数同学认为
一些同学认为
每天适量锻炼
锻炼浪费时间
可以做早操，踢足球，打乒乓
锻炼使人疲劳
锻炼能增强体质，减少生病
运动后兴奋，耽误学习
运动使大脑得到休息，学习效率提高
锻炼时可能受伤
注意：1词数：100左右，信的开头已经为你写好。2根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear editor ,
I`m writing to tell you our discussion about whether senior students should take physical exercise .Opinions are divided on the topic .
2.
教育部倡导学生：
u 每天锻炼一小时
u 健康工作五十年
u 幸福生活一辈子
请你根据以上提示，用英语准备一份发言稿，向同学们讲述一下阳光体育活动的有关情况，并就高三学生是否需要每天花一小时锻炼，谈谈你的看法及理由。
注意：
1、 发言稿应包括以上所有信息，要有适当发挥。
2、 词数：120左右。发言稿的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
3、 参考词汇：阳光体育活动——a national student sports program;
教育部——the Ministry of Education
Good afternoon, everyone,
____________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
3.假设你家境贫寒，刚刚考取某所大学，上大学的昂贵的费用使你感到为难。下表提供了解决上大学费用的多种途径，请用英语表达出来，同时说明适合你的途径和理由。
解决上大学费用的多种途径
适合你的途径和理由（自己的设想）。
父母提供学费
申请银行贷款
获得奖学金
业余时间在学校内打工
1．_______________
2. ________________
3. ________________
注意：1．词数100左右
2 ．短文的开头已经写好，只需要接着写
3． 参考词语：学费费用—tuition and fees;申请--apply for ;奖学金---scholarship ;家教---tutor
With the sharp rise of the cost of college education ,students have a few ways to pay for their college tuition and fees .
4 ． 假如你是班长，为组织同学参观展览向全班作一口头通知，主要内容如下：
展览名称及简介：《大自然的教训》，展览生动而有教育意义，它以大量生动的图片告诫人们保持生态平衡的重要性。
（1）时间与地点：星期五下午2：30 ；少年宫。
（2）有关事宜：凡去参观的同学，今天下午向班长预定门票，票价一元，请准备好零钱。
（3）请用第一人称口头通知。
（4）注意：词数 100左右。
5．
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在的城市的建新华文学校学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套房子。请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况。并告知住房面积
注意：1．词数 100左右
2 ．参考词汇 房租 rent
6. 根据下表的内容向外宾介绍你校新建网络学校的情况
多媒体教学系统
使教与学更为方便有趣
在课堂上获取更多信息，学到更多知识
信息中心
向师生开放
可向世界各地发电子邮件
可通过因特网查找最新信息
校务管理系统
有助于改善学校管理
满足现代化学校的需要
远程教学系统
只要家中有电脑，任何人都可以学习本校的课程
多媒体教学系统 multimedia teaching system
校务管理系统 school management system
远程教学系统 long-distance teaching system
7.请描述一下公共汽车中让座的情形，注意图中人物的外貌及神态的描写。
注意：1．词数：100左右
2．参考词语：a walking stick
参考答案
一．本文要求给编辑写一封信，反映讨论高三学生要不要参加体育活动的情况。
写作思路：
1．体裁：应用文
2．时态：一般现在时态为主
3．写作要点：（1）每天适量锻炼（2）可以做早操，踢足球，打乒乓（3）锻炼能增强体质，减少生病（4）运动使大脑得到休息，学习效率提高（5）锻炼浪费时间（6）锻炼使人疲劳（7）运动后兴奋，耽误学习 （8）锻炼时可能受伤
4．注意事项：段落层次：第一段已经给出。第二段正面观点 。第三段反面观点。第四段作者意见。
5．单词、词组和句型的选择：take proper exercise /take exercise regularly ;do morning exercises; play football and Table Tennis ;build one`s body /make sb strong ;reduce the chance of falling ill ;make one`s brains relaxed ;improve one`s study ;It is a waste of time to do sth ;waste time doing sth ;feel tired after too much exercise ;be too excited to calm down to study ;get hurt
范文1
Dear editor ,
I`m writing to tell you our discussion about whether senior students should take physical exercise .Opinions are divided on the topic .
The majority of the students think we students should take exercise regularly .we can do morning exercises ,play football or Pingpang but shouldn`t exercise much .Exercise can build our body and reduce the chance of falling ill .What`s more ,exercise can make our brains relaxed so that we can improve our study efficiently .
Other think it is a waste of time to have sports .After much exercise we will feel tired and too excited to study .In addition ,while having sports ,we will get hurt .
In my opinion ,it is useful to have proper and regular exercise in order to keep fit .
二．本文要求写发言稿子。
写作思路：
1．应用文：发言稿子
2．时态的选择：第一段叙述活动采用过去时态，二、三段为现在时。
3．写作要点：①.
4．写作注意事项：段落层次：第一段叙述故事。第二段写教育部门倡议。第三段写自己的看法。
5．单词和短语的选择：join in a national student sports;take an active part in ;call on sb to do sth;enjoy the life;be well worth .
范文2
Good afternoon, everyone.
On the morning of April 29, 2007, from 10:00 to 11:00, hundreds of millions of students from primary, middle schools and universities all over
The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day, in the hope that they will have good health to work fifty years and enjoy the whole life.
Personally, I think it a good idea for us senior 3 students to have daily exercise. Although we take an hour a day for exercise, it is well worth it. Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind. Therefore, we can work more efficiently.
Thank you!
三．本文根据提示，说明解决上大学费用的多种途径，并从中选择适合自己的，并说明理由。
写作思路：
1．文体：说明文
2．时态：一般现在时态为住
3．写作要点：（1）父母提供学费（2）申请银行贷款（3）获得奖学金（4）
业余时间在学校内打工 （5）选择其中一种方式或者父母提供点，自己打工挣一部分；还可以争取奖学金。
4．单词、短语和句型的选择：pay for their college tuition and fees;apply for a bank loan ;take a part-time job/work part-time ;win a scholarship
5．注意事项：段落层次：第一段已经给出。第二段叙述四种解决大学学费的途径。第三段说明自己的选择的解决大学学费的方式并说明理由。
范文3
With the sharp rise of the cost of college education ,students have a few ways to pay for their college tuition and fees .
Many students just let their parents pay the tuition and fees .Some students may apply for a bank load and others will try to find part-time job both on the campus and out of campus .Apart from this ,many good students will win a scholarship .In this way they can pay at least part of their tuition .
As to me , I will let my parents pay half of my tuition because they are not rich enough .Besides my studies ,I will take up a part-time job as tutor teaching some high school students math ,physics and English ,as I am very good at the subjects .Of course I will work very hard at my lessons so that I can win a scholarship .I think that is enough for my college education .
四．本文是要求写一个口头通知，要求大家报名并预收参观展览的门票钱。
写作思路：
1．体裁：应用文，口头通知。
2．时态：现在将来和一般现在为主。
3．写作要点：（1）参观展览（2）参观的意义和重要性（3）时间和地点（4） 预收门票钱
4．注意事项：（1）口头通知格式 （2）使用婉转的语气和客套用语，(3)开头和结尾要符合英语习惯。
5．单词、短语和句型的选择：there will be an exhibition/will be held ;visit the exhibition ;be instructive and interesting ;keep balance of nature ;book a ticket ;get the money ready.
范文4
May I have your attention ,please !There will be an to be held at the Children`s Palace .We have decided to visit it at 2:30 this Friday afternoon.
The exhibition ,
“A Lesson from Nature ” is not only interesting but also instructive .At the exhibition we can see a lot of pictures which warn us how important it is to keep the balance of nature .
Those who would like to go and visit it let me know .I will book tickets for us .Please get your change ready .
五 本文是根据图片来介绍你为Bob所找到房子.需要仔细在图片中寻找信息。
写作思路：
1．体裁：说明文
2．时态：一般现在为主。
3．写作要点：（1）房子的面积（2）房子的设施（3）租金（4）位置（5）交通情况
4．注意事项：（1）书信格式 （2）使用婉转的语气和客套用语，(3)开头和结尾要符合英语习惯。
5．单词、短语和句型的选择：I am so glad to learn that ….;have some furniture such as ;take sb to school;find a place for sb
范文5
I am so glad to learn that you are coming in September .I have found a place for you .Now I`d like to introduce something about it to you .It is a small flat of 25 square meters with a bedroom ,a kitchen and son on in it .The bedroom has some furniture such as a bed ,a sofa ,a desk and a chair in the bedroom .The rent is 500 yuan per month .
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street , which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School .I am sure a No 11 bus can easily take you straight to the school .In fact It is only one stop away .Such is the flat I have found for you , a small ,convenient and comfortable place .I hope you will like it .
If not ,I will try to find another place for you .
六 本文是向外宾介绍新建网络学校的情况。
写作思路：
1．体裁：说明文
2．时态：一般现在为主。
3．写作要点：（1）多媒体教学系统：使教与学更为方便有趣，在课堂上获取更多信息，学到更多知识（2）信息中心：向师生开放，可向世界各地发电子邮件，可通过因特网查找最新信息（3）教务管理系统：有助于改善学校管理，满足现代化学校的需要（4）远程教学系统：只要家中有电脑，任何人都可以学习本校的课程
4．注意事项：（1）口头通知形式 （2）使用婉转的语气和客套用语，
(3)开头和结尾要符合英语习惯。
5．单词、短语和句型的选择：be made up of ;make teaching and learning easy and interesting ;send e-mail to ;be open to ;help improve our management ;meet the needs
Ladies and gentlemen ,
范文6
Welcome to our New Century Net-school !
Our Net-school is made up of four parts .Multimedia Teaching System makes teaching and learning easier and much more interesting .Students can get more information and knowledge in class .Information Center ,where we can send e-mail to all parts of the world and get the latest information from Internet ,is open to both teachers and students who are not studying In our school .Anyone can study at home and follow our courses if they have a computer .School Management System helps to improve our school management and meet the needs of a modern school .
七 本文是描述公共汽车上让座的情形。
写作思路：
1．体裁：故事。
2．时态：一般过去时态为主。
3．写作要点：（1）一位老年人上车。（2）老人驼背，拄着拐杖。（3）让座给奶奶。（4）小孩子让座 （5）大家表扬这个可爱的孩子。
4．注意事项：（1）图片内容要详略得当。 （2）描写要形象，生动。
5．单词、短语和句型的选择：offer a seat ;was full of /was crowded ;take a seat ;led sb to …;praised sb for sth .
范文7
Offering seats
One day ,a granny with grey hair got on the bus at a bus stop .She was in her seventies with a walking stick in her right hand .The bus was full of passengers and there was no empty seat .Suddenly in the front of the bus, a voice came form a little boy .He said “Granny ,take my seat ”.Following the voice ,people saw a lovely boy of about 4 years old .He came and led the old woman to his seat and asked her to sit down .
Beside the boy was his mother .She smiled at her child and all the passengers were happy and praised the boy for his good manners .
What a good boy he is !