有种再撞一下车震番外:复习精品导学案（人教必修二）Unit 2

Unit 2  The Olympic Games
语言要点
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. make sure/be sure/for sure
2. in charge of/in the charge of
3. compete / contest
4. basis / base / foundation（顺序未调）
词形
变化
1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告
advertisement n. 广告
advertising n. 做广告 (作定语)
2. replace v. 代替, 取代
replacement n. 代替, 取代
replaceable adj. 可代替的;
3. interview v. n. 面试, 面谈; 采访
interviewee    （面试中）受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者
interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者
重点
单词
1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认
2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费
3. bargain n.协议；廉价物；v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判
4. promise v. & n. 允诺；答应
5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得
重点
词组
1.  take part in参与；参加
2.  stand for stand for 代表；象征；表示
3.       used to     过去常做某事
4.       one after another one after another/the other 一个接一个地
重点句子
1. How often do you hold your Games?
2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women.
重点语法
一般将来时的被动语态 （见语法部分）
Ⅰ 词语辨析  (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. make sure/be sure/for sure
【解释】
make sure 意为“确保”“弄清楚”，后接介词短语或从句。
be sure 后接不定式时，意为“一定”“必定”“准会”；若跟of、about短语或从句时，作“肯定”“有把握”解释；to be sure 作插入语时，意为“的确”“诚然”。
for sure 意为“肯定的”“毫无问题地”。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Have you ________ of the time of the train?
2). _________ to write and tell me all the news.
3). She is not pretty, _______, but she is very clever.
4). She won’t lend me any money，and that’s _______.
Keys:  1). made sure         2). Be sure           3). to be sure     4). for sure
2. in charge of/in the charge of
【解释】
in charge of 表示“主管”，“看管”，“负责”。
in the charge of 表示“在……掌管之下；由……掌管”
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). He is _______ the school.
2). The school is _______ him.
Keys:    1). in charge of   2). in/under the charge of
3. compete / contest
【解释】
compete    表示“为了争得名次、奖金，合同等”，并不含有将对手征服的意思。
contest    所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛，也可以是有敌意的竞赛，旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等，此外还可以表示赢得选举。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The children _________ against each other t reach the other end of the pool.
2). The soldiers ________ every inch of ground.
Keys: 1). compete        2). contested
4. basis / base / foundation
【解释】
basis         主要用作抽象或引申意义。
base         侧重指构成或支撑某一物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。
foundation 用于具体意义时，侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基，用作比喻意义时，与basis基本相同。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). All dams need sound _________.
2). The vase falls over a lot because the ________ is too small.
3). The ______ of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
Keys: 1). foundations     2). base              3). basis
Ⅱ 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告
advertisement n. 广告
advertising n. 做广告(作定语)
2. replace v. 代替, 取代
replacement n. 代替, 取代
replaceable adj. 可代替的;
3. interview v. n. 面试, 面谈; 采访
interviewee    （面试中）受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者
interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1)   Cigarette ________ should be banned. (advertise)
2)   They ________ their services on TV. (advertise)
3）  If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an _________ in the local paper? (advertise)
4）  They will find a ________ for Sue while she is ill (replace)
5）  Can anything _________ a mother's love? (replace)
6)    Can you find a _________ book? (replace)
7）  We __________ 20 people for the job. (interview)
8)   I've got an _________ with National Chemicals. (interview)
Keys:  1) advertising    2) advertise            3) advertisement                   4) replacement
5) replace         6) replaceable     7) interviewed                   8) interview
Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认
[典例]
1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。
2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。
3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。
4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。
[重点用法]
admit （doing）sth.承认某事/做了某事
admit that +从句   承认……
[练习] 中译英
1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 不准那个人进来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car.
2). That man is not to be admitted.
2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费
[典例]
1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。
2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。
[重点用法]
in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下
in charge of处于控制或支配（某人[某事物]）的地位:
[练习] 中译英
1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 这儿谁负责?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson.
2). Who's in charge here?
3. bargain n.协议；廉价物；v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判
[典例]
1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。
2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。
3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。
[重点用法]
make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议
bargain with sb about/over/for sth   就某事与某人讨价还价
[练习] 中译英
1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 工会为缩短工作周而（与资方）讨价还价。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there.
2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week.
4. promise v. & n. 允诺；答应
[典例]
1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。
2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。
[重点用法]
promise to do sth.答应做某事
promise sb. sth.答应某人某事
promise +that 从句 答应……
make a promise许下诺言
keep a promise遵守诺言
carry out a promise履行诺言
break a promise违背诺言
[练习] 中译英
1). 我得让你遵守诺言。
______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise.
2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best.
5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得
[典例]
1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。
2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。
[重点用法]
deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做
[练习] 中译英
1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:  1). She deserves a reward for her efforts.
2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment.
Ⅳ 重点词组  （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. take part in 参与；参加
[典例]
1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?
有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?
2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment?
你们会参与首次实验吗?
[短语归纳]
take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人；站在某……边
have a part to play能帮助；能在……中发挥作用
have／play a part(in sth)参与某事
for the most part多半；通常
[练习] 中译英
1). 他母亲总是护着他。
2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。
Keys: 1). His mother always takes his part.
2). She plays an active part in local politics.
2. stand for 代表；象征；表示
[典例]
1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。
2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.
我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。
[短语归纳]
stand by袖手旁观；无动于衷
stand by sb支持；帮助；忠于
stand out(from／as)显眼；突出
stand up站起；站立；起立
[练习] 中译英
1). 无论如何，我都支持你。
2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。
Keys:
1). I’ll stand by you whatever happens.
2). I condemn fascism and all it stands for.
3.       used to     过去常做某事
[典例]
used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事，有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态，但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此，这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。
1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.
[短语归纳]
get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事，该词组有各种时态
be used to do sth.被用于做……
[练习] 选择正确的答案
1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus.
A. walk                        B. walking                  C. walks                     D. walked
2). Wood _______________ paper and other things.
A. is used to make                                                  B. is used to making
C. used to make                                               D. used to making
Keys:
1). A       2). A
4. one after another/the other 一个接一个地
[典例]
1). Please line up one after another.   请按顺序排队。
2). We achieved one victory after another.  我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。
[短语归纳]
one by one逐个地；逐一地
one another／each other相互
[练习] 中译英
1). 他把所有书并列摆放起来。
2). 账单纷至沓来。
Keys:
1). He put a11 the books beside each other/one another.
2). The bills kept coming in one after another.
Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. How often do you hold your Games? 你们奥运会多久举行一次？
[解释] How often 问某事发生的频率。常用的答语有：every two days, once a week, at times等
How soon问某事在多少时间以内会完成。常用in/within短语回答
---How soon will my dress be ready?  ---In a week. 我的连衣裙要多久准备好？---一周。
How long问某动作或某状态持续多久多长时间。常用for短语回答，for可省略。
---How long did you stay there?   ---Only two days. 你在那呆了多久？---只是两天。
[练习] 中译英
1). 你多久去游泳一次?
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 你等了多久了?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). How often do you go swimming?
2). How long did you wait?
2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 没有别的国家能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
[解释] “neither／nor + be动词／助动词／情态动词+主语”意为“……也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒装语序。如：
I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he.
我买不起新车，他也是。
“so+ be动词／助动词／情态动词+主语”意为“……也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒装语序。
如：
He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我们也累了。
[练习] 中译英
1). 如果你们今晚去看电影，我也去。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我以前没去过上海, 我妹妹也没去过。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). If you go to the cinema tonight, so will I.
2). I haven't been to Shanghai before and neither has my sister.
课文要点
1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
This passage is   1   (concern) with the modern and ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Olympic Games were held   2   four years in   3   (希腊). There are certain   4    (相同点) between the ancient and modern Olympic Games. For example, they both encourage   5    (friend) and cooperation.   6   there are also many significant differences between them. For example, nowadays, women can   7   in the games and there are more   8    in the modern Olympic.  9   these differences, it is important to remember the   10    (change) – swifter, higher and stronger.
答案：    1. concerned   2. every   3. Greece        4. similarities         5. friendliness        6. But                   7. compete/join             8. events         9. Despite              10. unchanging
2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意或将下面短文译成英语。
课文展现了一位古希腊作家对Li Yan的采访，他们提到了现代奥运和古代奥运的相似点和不同点。
The passage shows
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: The passage shows us an interview between an ancient Greek writer and Li Yan about the similarities and differences between the modern Olympics and the ancient Olympic Games.
3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1【课文原句】I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。
[模仿要点] 句子结构:介词 + what宾语从句 + and / but + … + used to…
【模仿1】我对你今天所做的很满意但我过去认为你是一个懒惰的孩子。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I am satisfied with what you have done today but I used to think that you were a lazy boy.
【模仿2】我对发生在那里的事情感到非常遗憾，我过去常常认为那是不可能发生的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I feel sorry for what has happened there and I used to think it impossible .
2【课文原句】Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitiors.只有达到他们各自项目标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。
[模仿要点] 句子结构:定语从句 + 被动语态
【模仿1】只有那些各科都取得好成绩的人才可以被重点大学录取。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Only those who have achieved good grades in all subjects will be admitted by the key university.
【模仿2】只有那些达到了奥运标准的国家才可以申请举办奥运会。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Only those who have achieved the Olympic standards can be admitted to bid for the Olympic Games.
3.【课文原句】 It’s in the summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.跑步，游泳，划船和一些团体项目是在夏季运动会上举行。
[模仿要点] 句子结构:强调句 + together with
【模仿1】只有多训练你才提高你的听，说，读，写的能力。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It’s by practicing more that you can improve your listening ability, together with speaking ability, reading ability and writing ability.
【模仿2】只有到科技发展了，教育和卫生才可能改善。
______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is not until the science and technology has developed that education , together with sanitation will be improved.