吉林省2006年初中毕业生学业考试数学试卷
(课改卷)
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
一、填空题(每小题2分,共20分)
(第1题)
1.请你在数轴上用“ ”表示出比 小 的数.
2.据报道,2006年全国高考报名总人数约为 人,用科学记数法表示为_____人.
3.方程 的解是 _______.
4.不等式 的解集是_______.
5.如图,按英语字母表 , , , , , , , , 的顺序有规律排列而成的鱼状图案中,字母“ ”出现的个数为_______.
6.若 , ,则 _______.
7.把一副三角板按如图方式放置,则两条斜边所形成的钝角 _______度.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A
B
B
C
C
C
D
D
D
B
C
C
D
D
D
A
P
O
B
C
10cm
12cm
15cm
(第5题)
(第7题)
(第8题)
(第10题)
D
8.如图, 是 的内接三角形, ,点 在 上移动(点 不与点 , 重合),则 的变化范围是_______.
9.某工厂生产同一型号的电池.现随机抽取了 节电池,测试其连续使用时间(小时)分别为: , , , , , .这 节电池连续使用时间的平均数为_______小时.
10.如图,把一个长方体的礼品盒用丝带打上包装,打蝴蝶结部分需丝带 .那么打好整个包装所用丝带总长为_______ .
二、单项选择题(每小题3分,共18分)
11.把 , , , , 这五个数,填入下列方框中,使行、列三个数的和相等,其中错误的是( )
12.下列各点中,在反比例函数 图象上的是( )
A. B. C. D.
13.下列由数字组成的图形中,是轴对称图形的是( )
A.
B.
C.
D.
14.小明家上个月支出共计 元,各项支出如图所示,其中用于教育上的支出是( )
A. 元 B. 元 C. 元 D. 元
29%
食物
20%
医疗
16%
其它
10%
衣服
25%
教育
(第14题)
8cm
10cm
P
易拉罐
(第16题)
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
(第15题)
15.如图,把边长为 的正方形的局部进行图①~图④的变换,拼成图⑤,则图⑤的面积是( )
A. B. C. D.
16.如图,在把易拉罐中的水倒入一个圆水杯的过程中,若水杯中的水在点 与易拉罐刚好接触,则此时水杯中的水深为( )
A. B. C. D.
三、解答题(每小题5分,共20分)
(第17题)
17.矩形的长和宽如图所示,当矩形周长为 时,求 的值.
18.据某统计数据显示,在我国的 座城市中,按水资源情况可分为三类:暂不缺水城市、一般缺水城市和严重缺水城市.其中,暂不缺水城市数比严重缺水城市数的 倍少 座,一般缺水城市数是严重缺水城市数的 倍.求严重缺水城市有多少座?
(第18题)
4cm
5cm
(第19题)
19.如图,口袋中有 张完全相同的卡片,分别写有 , , , 和 ,口袋外有 张卡片,分别写有 和 .现随机从袋内取出一张卡片,与口袋外两张卡片放在一起,以卡片上的数量分别作为三条线段的长度,回答下列问题:
(1)求这三条线段能构成三角形的概率;
(2)求这三条线段能构成直角三角形的概率;
(3)求这三条线段能构成等腰三角形的概率.
20.如图,在 的方格内,填写了一些代数式和数.
(1)在图1中各行、各列及对角线上三个数之和都相等,请你求出 , 的值;
(2)把满足(1)的其它 个数填入图2中的方格内.
(图1)
(图2)
(第20题)
四、解答题(每小题6分,共18分)
21.某校七年级 名女生的身高统计数据如下:
组别
身高/
女生人数
第1组
第2组
第3组
第4组
请你结合图表,回答下列问题:
(1)表中的 ___________, ___________;
(2)请把直方图补充完整;
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
135
145
155
165
175
身高/cm
人数
(第21题)
(3)这组数据的中位数落在第___________组.
(第22题)
22.如图,圆心为点 的三个半圆的直径都在 轴上,所有标注 的图形面积都是 ,所有标注 的图形面积都是 .
(1)求标注 的图形面积 ;
(2)求 .
23.小明受《乌鸦喝水》故事的启发,利用量桶和体积相同的小球进行了如下操作:
49cm
30cm
36cm
3个球
(第23题)
请根据图中给出的信息,解答下列问题:
(1)放入一个小球量桶中水面升高___________ ;
(2)求放入小球后量桶中水面的高度 ( )与小球个数 (个)之间的一次函数关系式(不要求写出自变量的取值范围);
(3)量桶中至少放入几个小球时有水溢出?
五、解答题(每小题8分,共24分)
24.如图,小刚面对黑板坐在椅子上.若把黑板看作矩形,其上的一个字看作点 ,过点 的该矩形的高为 ,把小刚眼睛看作点 .现测得: 米,视线 恰与水平线平行,视线 与 的夹角为 ,视线 与 的夹角为 .
求 和 的长(精确到 米)
(参考数据: , , , ,
1.41米
水平线
(第24题)
, .)
25.如图,在 和 中, , , , , .
(1)移动 ,使边 与 重合(如图1),再将 沿 所在直线向左平移,使点 落在 上(如图2),求 的长;
(2)将图2中的 绕点 顺时针旋转,使点 落在 上,连结 (如图3).请找出图中的全等三角形,并说明它们全等的理由.
(不再添加辅助线,不再标注其它字母).
图1
图2
图3
(第25题)
E
M
F
N
C
B
D
O
A
正常水位
(第26题)
26.如图,三孔桥横截面的三个孔都呈抛物线形,两小孔形状、大小都相同.正常水位时,大孔水面宽度 米,顶点 距水面 米(即 米),小孔顶点 距水面 米(即 米).当水位上涨刚好淹没小孔时,借助图中的直角坐标系,求此时大孔的水面宽度 .
六、解答题(每小题10分,共20分)
27.如图,在平面直角坐标系 中,把矩形 绕点 顺时针旋转 角,得到矩形 .设 与 交于点 ,且 , (如图1).
(1)当 时, 的形状是_____________;
(2)当 时,求直线 的解析式;
A
F
E
B
D
H
C
O
图1
A
O
B
C
D
E
F
图2
(第27题)
(3)当 时,(如图2).请探究:经过点 ,且以点 为顶点的抛物线,是否经过矩形 的对称中心 ,并说明理由.
28.如图,正方形 的边长为 ,在对称中心 处有一钉子.动点 , 同时从点 出发,点 沿 方向以每秒 的速度运动,到点 停止,点 沿 方向以每秒 的速度运动,到点 停止. , 两点用一条可伸缩的细橡皮筋联结,设 秒后橡皮筋扫过的面积为 .
(1)当 时,求 与 之间的函数关系式;
(2)当橡皮筋刚好触及钉子时,求 值;
(3)当 时,求 与 之间的函数关系式,并写出橡皮筋从触及钉子到运动停止时 的变化范围;
(4)当 时,请在给出的直角坐标系中画出 与 之间的函数图象.
(第28题)
B
C
P
O
D
Q
A
B
P
C
O
D
Q
A
吉林省2006年初中毕业生学业考试数学试卷(课改卷)
参考答案及评分说明
说明:
1.评卷采分最小单位为1分,每步标出的是累计分.
2.考生若用本“参考答案”以外的解(证)法,可参照本“参考答案”的相应步骤给分.
3.证明题或计算题,按主要步骤给分.
4.应用型题目最后计算结果单位未加括号或未写单位都不扣分.
5.填空题未写单位或单位写重复的都不扣分.
6.没有写“解”、“证明”、“答”均不扣分.
一、填空题(每小题2分,共20分)
1.
2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7.
8. 9. 10.
二、选择题(每小题3分,共18分)
11.D 12.C 13.A
14.C 15.B 16.C
三、解答题(每小题5分,共20分)
17.解:依题意,得 ,························································ 3分
即 ,···································································································· 4分
解得 .·········································································································· 5分
18.解:设严重缺水城市有 座,········································································· 1分
依题意,得 .···································································· 3分
解得 .······································································································ 5分
答:严重缺水城市有 座.
19.解:(1) .······································································· 1分
(2) .············································································ 3分
(3) .············································································ 5分
20.解:由已知条件可得:
·································································································· 3分
解得 ········································································································ 4分
(本题列方程组具有开放性,只要列、解方程组正确,即给4分).
····························································································································· 5分
四、解答题(每小题6分,共18分)
21.解:(1) , .······················································································· 2分
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0
135
145
155
165
175
身高/cm
人数
(2)
····························································································································· 4分
(3) .·············································································································· 6分
22.解:(1) .······················································································ 1分
(2) , .··················································· 3分
, .················································ 5分
,即 .······································································ 6分
23.解:(1) .································································································· 1分
(2)设 ,把 , 代入得:
········································································································ 2分
解得 即 .·············································································· 4分
(3)由 ,得 ,······································································ 5分
即至少放入 个小球时有水溢出.······································································· 6分
五、解答题(每小题8分,共24分)
24.解:(1)在 中, ,············································· 2分
(米)(写 不扣分).·········································· 4分
(2)在 中, ,························································ 6分
(米).································································ 8分
25.解:(1) , , .
, . , , ,
, .························································································ 2分
.··········································································· 3分
(2) .············································································ 5分
在 和 中, , ,
, .··················································· 8分
26.解:设抛物线解析式为 ,····························································· 1分
依题意得, . ,解得: ,
即 .···························································································· 4分
当 时, ,解得 , , ,
即水面宽度为 米.···························································································· 8分
六、解答题(每小题10分,共20分)
27.解:(1)等边三角形.··················································································· 2分
(2)设 ,则 ,依题意可得: , ,
在 中, ,
即 ,解得 . .············································· 5分
设 ,把 , 代入 ,得 解得
.····························································································· 7分
(3)抛物线顶点为 ,
设 ,把 代入得: .
(或 ).················································· 9分
依题可得,点 坐标为 ,
把 代入 ,得 .
抛物线经过矩形 的对称中心 .··························································· 10分
28.解:(1)当 时, , , ,
即 .··········································································································· 1分
(2)当 时,橡皮筋刚好触及钉子,
B
C
O
D
Q
A
P
B
P
C
O
D
Q
A
E
图1
图2
(图1,图2供批卷用)
, , , .························ 3分
(3)当 时, ,
, ,
,
即 .······································ 4分
作 , 为垂足.
当 时, , , ,
,
即 .········································································································· 6分
或 (答对一个即给满分).············· 7分
(4)如图所示:
····························································································································· 10分