石灰石板材抗弯强度:听说学英语必须熟读甚至背诵一些能够千古流传的经典作品（三）

9. Fog    

[导读]桑德堡（Carl Sandburg）的短诗《雾》曾在各种媒体广为传播，是美国人家喻户晓的名作。

The fog comes
on little cat feet.

It sits looking
over harbor¹ and city
on silent haunches²
and then moves on.

[注释]

1、harbor: 海港 2、haunch: 腰     

[参考译文]

[Your Comments]:

10、 David Copperfield （Chapter 11）

[导读]本段选自狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的《大卫·科菲坡尔》。作者极尽细节描写之能事，将David眼中第一次见到描述得形象鲜明，跃然纸上。尤其是脸部的描写细致生动，让人一见难忘。

I went in, and found there a stoutish¹, middle-aged person, in a brown surtout² and black tights³ and shoes, with no more hair upon his head which was a large one, and very shining than there is upon an egg, and with a very extensive⁴ face, which he turned full upon me. His clothes were shabby⁵, but he had an imposing⁶ shirt-collar on. He carried a jaunty⁷ sort of stick, with a large pair of rusty⁸ tassels⁹ to it; and a quizzing-glass hung outside his coat – for ornament¹⁰, I afterwards found, as he very seldom looked through it, and couldn’t see anything when he did.

[注释]

1、stoutish: 肥胖的, 体形臃肿的2、surtout: 男用外套或大衣3、tights: 贴身衬衣

4、extensive: Large in extent, range, or amount广阔的, 宽的5、shabby: 破旧的, 褴褛的

6、imposing: 给人印象深刻的, 使人难忘的7、jaunty: 感到自满的, 洋洋得意的

8、rusty: 生了锈的9、tassels: 穗, 缨10、ornament: 装饰物

我进了帐房，看到那里有个大块头中年人，穿着褐色外套、黑色紧身裤和黑鞋。他的头很大，亮光光的；上面的头发决不比一个鸡蛋上的多，他把那宽宽的大脸完全转向我。他衣衫寒酸，却戴一条很打眼的硬假领。他的手杖挺帅气，上面还系了对褪色的大穗子，外套上还挂了个单片眼镜——后来我发现这只是个饰物，因为他几乎从不用它看什么东西，就算他看也看不见什么。

[Your Comments]:

11． She Walks in Beauty

George Gordon Byron

[导读]George Gordon Byron：拜伦，英国浪漫时期的诗人，著有长诗"Child Harold's Pilgrimage”她走在美的光彩中，像夜晚；皎洁无云而且繁星满天。有人理解为赞美爱人的美丽，有的人则认为是一种意境的呈现。无论从什么角度去欣赏它，这首诗都那么的美，那么的打动人心。诵读时注意诗歌的用韵，每行结尾压韵的单词要重读。

She walks in beauty, like the night

Of cloudless climes¹ and starry² skies;

And all that's best of dark and bright

Meet in her aspect and her eyes:

Thus mellow'd³ to that tender⁴ light

Which heaven to gaudy⁵ day denies⁶.

One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impair’d⁷ the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress⁸,
Or softly lightens o’er⁹ her face;
Where thoughts serenely¹⁰ sweet express
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place¹¹.
And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent¹²,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent¹³! 

[注释]

1、clime: 气候；地方2、starry: 布满星星的

3、mellow: 柔和、柔软的、甜蜜的；芳醇的。 mellow'd=mellowed, mellow'd是古英语拼法。

4、tender: 温柔的, 柔嫩的 5、gaudy: a feast or festival; 华而不实的 6、deny: 拒绝

7、 impair’d=impaired削弱  8、raven： 乌黑的 tress：一绺头发  9、o’er=over

10、serenely：安详地, 沉着地  11、dwelling：住处  12、eloquent：雄辩的, 有口才的

13、innocent：清白的, 无罪的

[参考译文]

她在美丽中行走

她在美丽中行走,像夜晚
无云的夜晚   星光点点。
静寂的黑暗与闪烁的星光辉映出
她的模样，和盈盈秋波。
温柔星光下她的恬静，
如水映芳华。
增一分则多，减一分则少，
都会削损这难以名状的优雅。
流动在缕缕乌黑秀发上的优雅，
也温柔地照亮她的脸庞。
那里，恬静的思绪
多么纯洁，多么馨芳。
她的脸颊，她的眉梢，
如此柔美，如此娴静，又意味悠长，
那迷人的微笑，那顾盼的明眸，
都在诉说一个善良的生命，
她平和地对待世间的一切，
她的心扬溢着无邪的爱恋！

[Your Comments]:

12、 Great Expectations

[导读]下面的一段选自查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的《远大前程》（1860－1861），这是他比较晚期的作品。狄更斯经历了丰富的人间生活后，对人，对周围环境，对自己的生活经历都有了深刻的认识，而所有他成熟的思想认识都汇总在《远大前程》一书中。 

Great Expectations，意思是指一笔遗产，中文有的译为“远大前程”（有的译作“孤星血泪”）。这个译名给读者一种印象，即作品的主人公是有远大前程的。而事实上，这个“远大前程”是带讽刺意义的，这部作品的主题决非仅仅是写孤儿皮普想当上等人的理想幻灭的故事，如果这样理解，就领会错了狄更斯创作这部作品的意义。皮普生活在姐姐家里，生活艰苦，他的理想是当一名像姐夫一样的铁匠，他没有想当上等人。后来他之所以想当上等人是因为环境的改变。狄更斯的哲学思想之一是环境对人思想的影响。不同的环境可以造就成不同的人。皮普的整个发展过程是符合一般人性理论的。这部作品的语言可谓是出神入化，要学习英国语言，这是一本典范。狄更斯的作品不矫揉造作，不选用那些华而不实的词语。他的用词都简单明了，朴实易懂。所以文字读来朴实无华，如行云流水。

As the night was fast falling, and as the moon, being past the full, would not rise early, we held a little council¹: a short one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern² we could find. So, they plied their oars³ once more, and I looked out for anything like a house. Thus we held on, speaking little, for four or five dull miles. It was very cold, and, a collier⁴ coming by us, with her gallery-fire⁵ smoking and flaring, looked like a comfortable home. The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning; and what light we had, seemed to come more from the river than the sky, as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.

[注释]

1、council：讨论会议 2、tavern：酒馆, 客栈 3、plied their oars：使劲划起桨来

4、collier：运煤船  5、gallery-fire：厨房

[参考译文] 孤星血泪

天黑得很快，偏巧这天又是下弦月，月亮不会很早升起。我们就稍稍商量了一下，可是也用不到多讨论，因为情况是明摆着的，再划下去我们一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他们又使劲打起桨来，我则用心寻找岸上是否隐隐约约有什么房屋的模样。这样又赶了四五英里路，一路上好不气闷，大家简直不说一句话。天气非常冷，一艘煤船从我们近旁驶过，船上厨房里生着火，炊烟缕缕，火光荧荧，在我们看来简直就是个安乐家了。这时夜色已经黑透，看来就要这样一黑到天明，我们仅有的一点光亮，是乎不是来自天空，而是来自河上，一桨又一桨的，搅动着那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。

 [Your Comments]:

13、 Jane Eyre

[导读]夏洛蒂·勃朗特(Charlotte Bronte)的《简爱》通过简·爱的自述，描绘的是一个出身贫苦家庭，长相平凡，无依无靠的女家庭教师的曲折遭遇。简，成为纯洁、热情、坦率、爱好真理，敢于追求幸福的女性的象征，因而形象鲜明。作品成功之处还在于作者在对人性的描述中，我们隐约看到了自己，卑劣或美丽的人性，而觉得心有戚戚焉。

“No: you must stay! I swear¹ it - and the oath² shall be kept”

     “I tell you I must go!” I retorted³, roused to something like passion. “Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton⁴? - a machine without feeling? and can bear to have my morsel⁵ of bread snatched⁶ from my lips，and my drop of living water dashed⁷ from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure⁸, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong! - I have as much soul as you, - and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities⁹， nor even of mortal¹⁰ flesh: - it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave¹¹, and we stood at God's feet, equal, - as we are!”

[注释]

1、swear: 发誓2、oath: 誓言3、retort: 反驳, 反击4、automaton: 机器人

5、morsel: (食物)一口, 少量6、snatch: 攫取7.dash: 泼溅 8.obscure: 身份卑微的

9、conventionality: 惯例, 俗套10、mortal: 人类的11、grave: 墓穴, 坟墓

[参考译文]

 “我告诉你我非走不可！”我回驳着，感情很有些冲动。“你难道认为，我会留下来甘愿做一个对你来说无足轻重的人？你以为我是一架机器？——一架没有感情的机器？能够容忍别人把一口面包从我嘴里抢走，把一滴生命之水从我杯子里泼掉？难道就因为我一贫如洗、默默无闻、长相平庸、个子瘦小，就没有灵魂，没有心肠了？——你不是想错了吗？——我的心灵跟你一样丰富，我的心胸跟你一样充实！要是上帝赐予我一点姿色和充足的财富，我会使你同我现在一样难分难舍，我不是根据习俗、常规，甚至也不是血肉之躯同你说话，而是我的灵魂同你的灵魂在对话，就仿佛我们两人穿过坟墓，站在上帝脚下，彼此平等——本来就如此！”

[Your Comments]:

14、Genesis

[导读]《圣经》是从希腊文的biblia而来的，意思就是“书丛”。圣经分为两部分：旧约和新约，包括诗歌、法律、历史、预言、训诲、故事、书信等文体。旧约是希伯来人出离埃及时，上帝（耶和华）与人类（希伯来人）所立的旧的盟约以及此盟约的兑现。所谓“约”，即“约定”的意思。新约是上帝与人类所立的新的盟约，这盟约是以耶稣的圣训和他的生活为基础。下面是圣经故事《创世纪》中的一段。

And the Lord God made man from the dust of the earth, breathing into him the breath of life: and man became a living soul. And the Lord God made a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had made. And the Lord God gave the man orders, saying, You may freely take of the fruit of every tree of the garden; But of the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you may not take; for on the day when you take of it, death will certainly come to you. And the Lord God said, It is not good for the man to be by himself: I will make one like himself as a help to him. And took one of the bones from his side while he was sleeping, joining up the flesh again in its place: And the bone which the Lord God had taken from the man he made into a woman, and took her to the man. And the man said, this is now bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh: let her name be Woman because she was taken out of Man. And the man and his wife were without clothing, and they had no sense of shame.

Now the snake was wiser than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said to the woman, Has God truly said that you may not take of the fruit of any tree in the garden? And the woman said, We may take of the fruit of the trees in the garden: But of the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, God has said, If you take of it or put your hands on it, death will come to you. And the snake said, Death will not certainly come to you: For God sees that on the day when you take of its fruit, your eyes will be open, and you will be as gods, having knowledge of good and evil. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and a delight to the eyes, and to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit, and gave it to her husband. And their eyes were open and they were conscious that they had no clothing and they made themselves coats of leaves stitched together.      And there came to them the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the evening wind: and the man and his wife went to a secret place among the trees of the garden, away from the eyes of the Lord God. And the voice of the Lord God came to the man, saying, Where are you? And he said, Hearing your voice in the garden I was full of fear, because I was without clothing, and I kept myself from your eyes. And he said, Who gave you the knowledge that you were without clothing? Have you taken of the fruit of the tree which I said you were not to take? And the man said, The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me the fruit of the tree and I took it. And the Lord God said to the woman, What have you done? And the woman said, I was tricked by the deceit of the snake and I took it. And the Lord God said to the snake, Because you have done this you are cursed more than all cattle and every beast of the field; you will go flat on the earth, and dust will be your food all the days of your life: And there will be war between you and the woman and between your seed and her seed: by him will your head be crushed and by you his foot will be wounded. To the woman he said, Great will be your pain in childbirth; in sorrow will your children come to birth; still your desire will be for your husband, but he will be your master. And to Adam he said, Because you gave ear to the voice of your wife and took of the fruit of the tree which I said you were not to take, the earth is cursed on your account; in pain you will get your food from it all your life. Thorns and waste plants will come up, and the plants of the field will be your food; With the hard work of your hands you will get your bread till you go back to the earth from which you were taken: for dust you are and to the dust you will go back.

耶和华神用地上的尘土造人，将生气吹在他鼻孔里，他就成了有灵的活人，名叫亚当。耶和华神在东方的伊甸立了一个园子，把所造的人安置在那里。耶和华神吩咐他说，园中各样树上的果子，你可以随意吃。只是分别善恶树上的果子，你不可吃，因为你吃的日子必定死。耶和华神说，那人独居不好，我要为他造一个配偶帮助他。于是取下他的一条肋骨，又把肉合起来。耶和华神就用那人身上所取的肋骨，造成一个女人，领她到那人跟前。那人说，这是我骨中的骨，肉中的肉，可以称她为女人，因为她是从男人身上取出来的。当时夫妻二人赤身露体，并不羞耻。

耶和华神所造的，惟有蛇比田野一切的活物更狡猾。蛇对女人说，神岂是真说，不许你们吃园中所有树上的果子吗？女人对蛇说，园中树上的果子，我们可以吃，惟有园当中那棵树上的果子，神曾说，你们不可吃，也不可摸，免得你们死。蛇对女人说，你们不一定死，因为神知道，你们吃的日子眼睛就明亮了，你们便如神能知道善恶。于是女人见那棵树的果子好作食物，也悦人的眼目，且是可喜爱的，能使人有智慧，就摘下果子来吃了。又给她丈夫，她丈夫也吃了。他们二人的眼睛就明亮了，才知道自己是赤身露体，便拿无花果树的叶子，为自己编作裙子。天起了凉风，耶和华神在园中行走。那人和他妻子听见神的声音，就藏在园里的树木中，躲避耶和华神的面。耶和华神呼唤那人，对他说，你在哪里。他说，我在园中听见你的声音，我就害怕。因为我赤身露体，我便藏了。耶和华说，谁告诉你赤身露体呢？莫非你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的那树上的果子吗？那人说，你所赐给我，与我同居的女人，她把那树上的果子给我，我就吃了。耶和华神对女人说，你作的是什么事呢？女人说，那蛇引诱我，我就吃了。耶和华神对蛇说，你既作了这事，就必受咒诅，比一切的牲畜野兽更甚。你必用肚子行走，终身吃土。我又要叫你和女人彼此为仇。你的后裔和女人的后裔也彼此为仇。女人的后裔要伤你的头，你要伤他的脚跟。又对女人说，我必多多加增你怀胎的苦楚，你生产儿女必多受苦楚。你必恋慕你丈夫，你丈夫必管辖你。又对亚当说，你既听从妻子的话，吃了我所吩咐你不可吃的那树上的果子，地必为你的缘故受咒诅。你必终身劳苦，才能从地里得吃的。你必汗流满面才得糊口，直到你归了土，因为你是从土而出的。你本是尘土，仍要归于尘土。

[YourComments]: