深圳五和单间租房:济南趵突泉公园

来源:百度文库 编辑:偶看新闻 时间:2024/05/02 05:41:55
          趵突泉又名槛泉,位于济南市中心,是一座以泉水为主的自然山水公园。济南素以泉水多而著称,有“济南泉水甲天下”的赞誉。趵突泉位列济南72泉之首,被誉为“天下第一泉”,是泺水的源头,如今已有二千七百年的历史。“趵突泉,三窟并发,声如隐雷”,“泉源上奋,水涌若轮”是趵突泉的真实写照。
  趵突是最早见于古代文献的济南名泉。近据专家考证,趵突泉有文字记载的历史,可上溯至我国的商代,迄今长达3543年。趵突泉是古泺水之源,古时称"泺",宋代曾巩为其定名为"趵突泉".亦有"槛泉"、"娥英水"、"温泉"、"瀑流水"、"三股水"等名。所谓"趵突",即跳跃奔突之意,反映了趵突泉三窟迸发,喷涌不息的特点。北魏郦道元《水经注》记趵突泉曰:"泉源上奋,水涌若轮"。《历城县志》中对的突泉的描绘最为详尽:"平地泉源觱沸,三窟突起,雪涛数尺,声如殷雷,冬夏如一"。
  趵突泉周边的名胜古迹枚不胜数,尤以泺源堂、娥英祠、望鹤亭、观澜亭、尚志堂、李清照纪念堂、沧园、白雪楼、万竹园、李苦禅纪念馆、王雪涛纪念馆等景点最为人称道。历代文化名人诸如曾巩、苏轼、元好问、赵孟頫\\\、张养浩、王守仁、王士祯、蒲松龄、何绍基、郭沫若等,均对趵突泉及其周边的名胜古迹有所题咏,使趵突泉的文化底蕴更加深厚,成为海内著名的旅游胜地。
  趵突泉泉池呈长方形,东西长30米,南北长20米,中间3个泉眼昼夜喷涌,浪花飞溅,势如鼎沸,"趵突腾空"是济南八景之一。漱玉泉是趵突泉群中水位最高的一个泉池,宋代著名女词人李清照故居就坐落在漱玉泉边,郭沫若先生为故居题写了\\\"大明湖畔趵突泉边故居在垂杨深处,漱玉集中金石录里文采有后主遗风"。泺源堂、娥姜祠、观澜亭、来鹤桥、望鹤亭、蓬山旧迹坊等名胜古迹,均是明清以来的建筑。趵突泉北岸有一组较大的古建筑群,通称三大殿。最南"泺源堂",三间两层,歇山飞檐,建于北宋年间,挹厦柱上,刻有元代文学家、书法家赵孟兆的著名诗句:"云雾润蒸华不住,波涛声震大明湖。"字体雄浑有力,诗句传神,与波光水影交相辉映更为之添彩。在三大殿院内的花格透墙上,镶嵌着30余方石刻,都是历代名人的诗篇。特别珍贵而又不同凡响的是院内的那尊的"双御碑",记载着康熙三临、乾隆二临趵突泉的题词诗文,标示着趵突泉的非凡地位。泉池西侧是"观澜亭"建于明朝天顺五年,亭内石桌、石凳,可供游人休息赏泉之用。趵突泉东池的北岸,水边窗明几净的建筑就是素有胜名的蓬莱社,又称望鹤亭茶社,当年康熙、乾隆两个皇帝都曾在这里临水静坐,品茗赏泉。趵突泉以南的白雪楼,是为纪念明朝文学家、后七子领袖李攀龙所建,原楼已不存。公园西邻的万竹园环境清幽、景色宜人,是趵突泉公园的园中园,由13个不同院落组成,园内有望水、白云、东高等名泉,是一处独具风格的私人庭园,始建于元朝是在北方四合院的基础上,揉合了江南古典园林的特点和风格,曲廊环绕,院院相通,楼、堂、亭参差错落,园内木雕、石雕、砖雕堪称三绝。
  园内波光粼粼的泉池,金壁煌煌的亭台楼阁,构成了一幅奇妙的人间仙境,让人流连忘返。                                                                            趵突泉公园夜景(南门处)                                                                   趵突泉公园东门外石牌坊(正面:趵突胜景)                                                               趵突泉公园东门外石牌坊(背面:观澜知源)                                                                                    趵突泉公园东门                                                                     趵突泉公园东门售票窗口以及开放时间                                                                                                                                                                   趵突泉公园北门(外)                                                                               趵突泉公园北门(内)                                                                                趵突泉公园南门(外)                                                                  趵突泉公园南门(内)乾隆御书牌匾                                                                                      趵突泉公园简介                                                                                      趵突泉公园导游图                                    趵突泉和西侧的观澜亭   观澜亭上对联为   三尺不消平地雪   四时常吼半天雷 【趵突泉】
    趵突泉 位居济南"七十二名泉"之首,被誉为"天下第一泉",位于济南趵突泉公园泺源堂之前,趵突泉是最早见于古代文献的济南名泉。2002年,有专家根据河南安阳出土的甲骨文考证,趵突泉有文字记载的历史,可上溯至我国的商代,长达3543年。趵突泉是古泺水之源,古时称"泺",宋代曾巩为其定名为"趵突泉"。亦有"槛泉"、"娥英水"、"温泉"、"瀑流水"、"三股水"等名。所谓"趵突",即跳跃奔突之意,反映了趵突泉三窟迸发,喷涌不息的特点。北魏郦道元《水经注》载:“泉源上奋,水涌若轮,“觱涌三窟,突出雪涛数尺,声如隐雷。”金代诗人元好问描绘为“且向波间看玉塔”,元代著名画家、诗人赵孟頫比之为“平地涌出白玉壶”,清代诗人何绍基喻之为“万斛珠玑尽倒飞”,清朝刘鹗《老残游记》载:“三股大泉,从池底冒出,翻上水面有二、三尺高”,《历城县志》中对趵突泉的描绘最为详尽:“平地泉源觱沸,三窟突起,雪涛数尺,声如隐雷,冬夏如一”。著名文学家蒲松龄则认为趵突泉是“海内之名泉第一,齐门之胜地无双”。趵突泉水从地下石灰岩溶洞中涌出,其最大涌量达到24万立方米/日,出露标高可达26.49米。水清澈见底,水质清醇甘洌,含菌量极低,经化验,符合国家饮用水标准,是理想的天然饮用水,可以直接饮用。"趵突腾空"为明清时济南八景之首。泉水一年四季恒定在摄氏18度左右,严冬,水面上水气袅袅,像一层薄薄的烟雾,一边是泉池幽深,波光粼粼 ,一边是楼阁彩绘,雕梁画栋,构成了一幅奇妙的人间仙境,当地人称之为“云蒸雾润”。趵突泉水清澈透明,味道甘美,是十分理想的饮用水。相传乾隆皇帝下江南,出京时带的是北京玉泉水,到济南品尝了趵突泉水后 ,便立即改带趵突泉水,并封趵突泉为"天下第一泉"。泉在一泓方池之中,北临泺源堂,西傍观澜亭,东架来鹤桥,南有长廊围合,景致极佳。泉池中放养金鱼,大者长逾三尺。泉东侧隔来鹤桥有望鹤亭茶社,专为游人提供用趵突泉水沏的香茶。【观澜亭】
    始建于明代(公元1461年),四方敞亭,飞檐翼角,斗拱承托,上饰吻兽,下设坐栏,结构朴素简洁,凭栏可俯视“趵突腾空”。亭前水中有一幢石碑,上刻“趵突泉”三字,为明人胡瓒宗书写。亭后石刻"“第一泉”三字,为清代王钟霖书写。泉池南面的水榭、漏窗、半壁廊为后来所建,与北岸泺源堂、东面来鹤桥相互村托,形成对景。                                                                                                                                             趵突泉北侧的乐源堂                                          趵突泉北侧的乐源堂     对联为      云雾润蒸华不住   波涛声震大明湖                                                                        趵突泉南侧的水榭、漏窗、半壁廊                                                                           趵突泉南侧半壁廊望无忧泉                                                                                  趵突泉东侧的来鹤桥                                                                                观澜碑和第一泉碑                                                                        嘉庆十六年立的趵突泉碑(1811年)                                                                       同治八年立的第一泉碑(1870年) 

                                                                                           观澜碑

                                                                             澎拜汹涌的趵突泉                                                                                  澎拜汹涌的趵突泉 

                                                                    趵突泉东侧的来鹤桥和来鹤坊

                                                                      赵孟頫的书法《趵突泉》石刻碑

                                                       台北故宫收藏的赵孟頫的书法《趵突泉》原稿

                                                         老舍先生的《趵突泉的欣赏》                                                                                                                    

                                                                                      趵突泉的欣赏

                                                                                              老舍    

    千佛山、大明湖和趵突泉,是济南的三大名胜。现在单讲趵突泉。
    在西门外的桥上,便看见一溪活水,清浅,鲜洁,由南向北的流着。这就是由趵突泉流出来的。设若没有这泉,济南定会丢失了一半的美。但是泉的所在地并不是我们理想中的一个美景。这又是个中国人的征服自然的办法,那就是说,凡是自然的恩赐交到中国人手里就会把它弄得丑陋不堪。这块地方已经成了个市场。南门外是一片喊声,几阵臭气,从卖大碗面条与肉包子的棚子里出来。进了门有个小院,差不多是四方的。这里,“一毛钱四块!”和“两毛钱一双!”的喊声,与外面的“吃来”联成一片。一座假山,奇丑;穿过山洞,接联不断的棚子与地摊,东洋布,东洋磁,东洋玩具,东洋……加劲的表示着中国人怎样热烈的“不”抵制劣货。这里很不易走过去,乡下人一群跟着一群的来提倡日货,把路塞住。他们没有例外的全张着嘴,葱味回射。没有例外的全买一件东西还三次价,走开又回来摸索四五次。小脚妇女更了不得,你往左躲,她往左扭;你往右躲,她往右扭,反正不许你痛快的过去。
    到了泉池,北岸上一座神殿,南西东三面全是唱鼓书的茶棚,唱的多半是梨花大鼓,一声“哟”要拉长几分钟,猛听颇像产科医院的病室。除了茶棚还是日货摊子,说点别的吧!
    泉太好了。泉池差不多见方,三个泉口偏西,北边便是条小溪流向西门去。看那三个大泉,一年四季,昼夜不停,老那么翻滚。你立定呆呆的看三分钟,你便觉出自然的伟大,使你不敢再正眼去看。永远那么纯洁,永远那么活泼,永远那么鲜明,冒,冒,冒,永不疲乏,永不退缩,只是自然有这样的力量!冬天更好,泉上起了一片热气,白而轻软,在深绿的长草藻上飘荡着,使你不由的想起一种似乎神秘的境界。
    池边还有小泉呢: 有的像大鱼吐水,极轻快的上来一串水泡;有的像一串明珠,走到中途又歪下去,真像一串珍珠在水里斜放着;有的半天才上来一个泡,大,扁一点,慢慢的,有姿态的,摇动上来;碎了;看,又来了一个!有的好几串小碎珠一齐挤上来,像一朵攒整齐的珠花,雪白。有的……这比那大泉还更有味。
    新近为增加河水的水量,又下了六根铁管,做成六个泉眼,水流得也很旺,但是我还是爱那原来的三个。
    看完了泉,再往北走,经过一些货摊,便出了北门。
    前年冬天一把大火把泉池南边的棚子都烧了。有机会改造了!造成一个公园,各处安着喷水管!东边作个游泳池!有许多人这样的盼望。可是,席棚又搭好了,渐次改成了木板棚;乡下人只知道趵突泉,把摊子移到“商场”去(就离趵突泉几步)买卖就受损失了;于是“商场”四大皆空,还叫趵突泉作日货销售场;也许有道理。

 

                                                                  趵突泉公园内乾隆亲笔御碑 (正面)

                                                                   趵突泉公园内的乾隆御碑 (背面)

                                                                       趵突泉内的娥英祠 

                                                                娥英祠里供奉的是娥皇和女英

据说,娥皇、女英是尧帝的女儿,二人同嫁给舜。姊姊为后,妹妹为妃,三人感情甚好,她们曾经帮助舜成功地登上王位,鼓励舜以德报怨,宽容和善待那些死敌。她们的美德因此被记录在册,受到民众的广泛称颂。后来,舜在南巡崩驾,娥皇和女英闻讯追随找寻,一路失声痛哭,她们的眼泪洒在山野的竹子上,形成凄婉动人的“湘妃斑竹”。后来她俩飞身跃入湘江,为伟大的夫君殉情而死,其情状之壮烈,显示她们自始至终都是忠于丈夫的模范妻子。娥皇与女英即双双殉情于湘江,上天怜悯二人的至情至爱,便将二人的魂魄化为江边水仙,二人也成为蜡月水仙的花神了。 

                                                                      趵突泉内的三圣庙   

                                                                        三圣庙里供奉的三位神仙  

                                                                           趵突泉公园内的白云楼                                                           白云楼里纪念的是明代杰出诗人------李攀龙                                                                              白云楼前的湛露泉                                                                                   白云楼前的白石泉                                                                               趵突泉公园内的马跑泉                                                                                   趵突泉公园内的浅井泉                                                                                                                                                      趵突泉内的李清照纪念堂                                                                                  李清照纪念堂大门                                                                       大门内郭沫若题写的    一代词人                                                               背面也是郭沫若的题词    传诵千秋                                                                                   纪念堂正屋大门                                                                              堂内李清照的塑像                                                                            塑像后面郭沫若的题词                                                                                     李清照简介                                                           词人称三李   宋代有二姬     李清照31岁画像                                          李清照的词      生当作人杰,死亦为鬼雄,至今思项羽,不肯过江东。 

                                                                        李清照一生行踪图                                                                      

                                                                     李清照纪念堂院内景色

                                                                      趵突泉公园内的无忧泉 

                                                                   趵突泉公园内的无忧泉  

                                                                          趵突泉公园内景色 

                                                                           趵突泉公园内的金线泉 

                                                                         趵突泉公园内的柳絮泉 

                                                                        趵突泉公园内的皇华泉 

                                                                 趵突泉公园内的卧牛泉

                                                                             趵突泉公园中的漱玉泉   

                                                                    趵突泉公园内的泉群

                                                                        趵突泉公园内的板桥泉

                                                                      趵突泉公园内的满井泉 

                                                                         趵突泉公园内的花墙子泉 

                                                                    趵突泉公园内的登州泉  

                                                                         趵突泉公园内的杜康泉

                                                               趵突泉公园万竹园内的望水泉  

                                                                        趵突泉公园内的白云泉 

                                                                        趵突泉公园内的东高泉    

                                                    趵突泉公园内的显示泉水水位高度的天尺亭 

                                                                     天尺亭泉水高度显示牌

                                                                           趵突泉公园内景色 

                                                                        趵突泉公园内景色  

                                                                         趵突泉公园内景色   

                                                               趵突泉公园景色----水榭 

                                                                            趵突泉公园内景色 

 

                                                                趵突泉景色------乐苑大门

                                                              趵突泉乐苑内景色 ------胜概楼、戏台 

                                                                      趵突泉乐苑内景色  

                                                            趵突泉公园内景色  ------悠然亭

                                                                    民俗--------- 面具 

                                                                             民俗--------- 面具 

                                                                         趵突泉内民风民俗一条街 

                                                                            民俗-------捏面人

                                                                 捏好的面人--------老翁钓鱼

                                                                               捏好的面人

                                                                                         民俗-------木雕                                                                                     民俗--------手工编织                                                                           趵突泉公园内万竹园大门                                                                                  趵突泉公园内万竹园                                                                          万竹园内的李苦禅纪念馆                                     当代杰出的大写意花鸟画家、书法家、人民的美术教育家李苦禅大师                                                                                         纪念馆的展厅                                                                           纪念馆内 李苦禅大师铜像                                                                              纪念馆内 李苦禅大师铜像                                                                                 李苦禅大师作品                                                                                      李苦禅大师作品                                                                                      李苦禅大师作品                                                                                 李苦禅大师作品                                                                                      李苦禅大师作品                                                                                      李苦禅大师作品                                                                                     李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                    李苦禅大师作品                                                                                李苦禅纪念馆内景色                                                                                 趵突泉公园内的沧园                                                                                沧园内是王雪涛纪念馆                                                                                                王雪涛石像                                                                              一代精英-------王雪涛                                                                                          沧园内景色                                                                                王雪涛艺术成就展厅

                                                             趵突泉内的济南五三惨案纪念堂 

                                                              趵突泉内的济南五三惨案纪念亭 

                                                               趵突泉内的济南五三惨案纪念碑

                                                           趵突泉内的济南五三惨案大事记 

                                                               趵突泉内的济南五三惨案纪念堂 

                                                                    趵突泉内的勿忘国耻警钟   

 

                                                 趵突泉公园泉水总出口,向北汇集五龙潭的泉水后流入大明湖