super time是什么意思:改善民生是经济健康发展之必需

　　改善民生，不只是一个应对社会矛盾的重大问题，同时更是一个有效调整经济结构的重大问题；不只是一个符合民意、顺应时代潮流的重大问题，同时更是一个有效推动经济健康和可持续发展的重大问题。正因为民生问题如此重要，所以2011年中央经济工作会议将改善民生问题放到了一个前所未有的高度来看待，指出：要“牢牢把握保障和改善民生这一根本目的，加大财政投入力度，切实办好涉及民生的大事要事，注重提高发展的包容性”。
　　改善民生对于经济发展的重大意义，主要表现在两个方面。
　　第一，改善民生是有效地扩大消费内需之必需。对于规模较大尤其是像中国这样超大规模的国家而言，在经济的主要拉动力——外贸拉动力、投资拉动力和消费内需拉动力三者当中，消费内需拉动力的作用要远远高于前两者。中国现在的经济拉动过度依赖外贸拉动和投资拉动，消费内需拉动明显不足。2010年，中国的进出口总额为201722.1亿元，国内生产总值为401202.0亿元，外贸依存度虽然比前几年有所下降，但仍高达50.3%，远远高于美国2002年18.2%的外贸依存度水准。2010年，中国的投资率达到了自1978年以来的最高点48.6%，而消费率却创下了自1978年以来的最低点47.4%。消费内需的不足，意味着国内市场的不振。这样一来，企业产品的销路便成为很大的问题，再进一步看，经济发展的空间就会受到很大的限制。
　　有鉴于此，2011年中央经济工作会议将扩大内需放到了“战略基点”位置，提出了两个方面的“重点”任务。一个重点任务是要“保障和改善民生”。具体来说，一是要增加城乡居民尤其是低收入者的收入。这主要通过提高劳动者的工资收入、实施减税和实行积极的就业政策来实现。二是要完善社会保障制度。社会保障制度除了具有“安全网”和“稳定器”的功能之外，还具有减少个人储蓄的“挤出”效应。通过社会保障制度，能够使社会成员对社会及市场的重要风险因素进行共同的承担。这样，可以大幅度地缓解民众在诸如养老、医疗、失业等方面的后顾之忧，可以使民众对未来的生活有一个相对稳定的预期，进而可以大幅度地减少个人用于“自我保障”的储蓄。与之相联的是即时消费的增加，甚至是提前消费亦即按揭消费（贷款消费）的增加。这样一来，消费内需便可以得到明显扩大。另一个重点任务是要“提高中等收入者的比重”。可以说，这是一个事关中国长远发展的战略举动。中国目前中等收入人群成员的比例只有20%左右，很难进行有效的消费内需拉动。只有以中等收入人群为主的国家，其消费内需拉动才能够持续保证。原因很简单，就高收入群体、低收入群体和中等收入人群比较而言，高收入群体的购买能力最强，但其边际消费倾向却是最低的；低收入群体的情况则恰好相反，其边际消费倾向最强，要高于高收入群体，但其购买能力却是最低的；中等收入人群的边际消费倾向和购买能力均比较强。纵观各个比较发达而且经济发展具有可持续性的国家，其社会阶层构成几乎都是以中等收入群体为主。
　　第二，改善民生是城市化进程健康推进之必需。中国正处在一个快速城市化的时期。城市化的本质与核心是农民的市民化，是农村人口融入城市当中。但是，不能否认的是，中国目前不少地方的城市化所侧重的是圈地的城市化、道路交通的城市化、楼房建设的城市化，恰恰忽略了农民的城市化亦即人的城市化。所以，从某种意义上讲，中国目前的城市化只是一种“半城市化”。
　　中国目前城市化当中最为突出的问题，就是居住在城市当中的大量农民工及其家属生活的“无根化”状态。中国现在的农民工总人数为2.4亿，其中的大多数农民工在城市当中生活和工作，但农民工并没有享受与城市市民相同的权利。农民工及其家庭成员在子女教育、公共卫生、住房保障等公共服务方面，仍然同城市居民有着较大的差别。从这个意义上讲，农民工并没有真正地融入城市社会当中，处在一种“半城市化”的状态，仍然遭受来自多个方面的歧视。对于平等意识日益增强的农民工来说，未来的一个重要行为目标就是要消除这种歧视现象，结束城市边缘人的生存状态。客观上看，围绕着这一问题，社会矛盾会有所加重。
　　正是针对城市化进程中的难题，2011年中央经济工作会议提出：“要重视农民工在城镇的工作生活问题，帮助他们逐步解决在就业、居住、医疗、子女入学等方面遇到的困难，有序引导符合条件的农民工进城落户”。应当说，这抓到了城市化的核心问题。只要按照这种思路去做，并将这种思路落实为具体的、行之有效的政策，农民工及其家庭成员才能真正融入城市生活当中，才能完成由原农村居民向城市居民的转变，同时，中国的城市化进程才能呈现出一种健康推进的态势。 （吴忠民）

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    新年前夕，国家主席胡锦涛通过中国国际广播电台、中央人民广播电台、中央电视台，发表题为《共同促进世界和平与发展》的新年贺词。（2011年12月31日　新华网）

    回眸2011年，是世界经济风云变幻的一年。我国经济在世界经济风云变幻背景下继续稳健前行，全国财政收入迈上十万亿元新台阶。伴随着国力增强的是，一幅幅温暖的民生画卷呈现在每一个中国人面前：历史上最大规模的保障房建设加快，越来越多的人实现了安居梦想；全国各城市上调最低工资标准，低收入群体有了更多保障；“新农保”试点扩大到40%的县，更多人距离老有所养的目标又近了一步。因此，我们要“牢牢把握保障和改善民生”是发展的“根本目的”，也是稳增长、控物价、调结构的动力所在。

    正如国家主席胡锦涛在2012年新年贺词中指出，2011年是中国“十二五”时期开局之年。面对复杂多变的国际形势和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，中国人民同心协力、锐意进取，继续推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设，经济保持平稳较快发展，全面建设小康社会取得新进展。中国加强同各国的交流合作，积极参与促进世界经济增长和金融稳定、完善全球经济治理、解决国际和地区热点问题等国际合作，为促进人类和平与发展作出了新的贡献。

    事实证明，每一年都会有一样的民生热度，每一年都会有不一样的民生话题。回顾刚刚过去的2011年，保障房、食品安全、收入分配改革、医疗改革、社保改革、“三公”公开、稳定物价、楼市调控、养老改革、教育公平等十大民生问题成为老百姓最为关注的热点话题，这一个个民生热词不仅关乎着老百姓的衣食住行，而且还记录下了2011年老百姓的真实感受，这其中有欣慰、也有期盼，是民众最关心、最关切、最关注的焦点热点问题。回顾刚刚过去的2011年，我国民生建设每前进一步，在民众心里都会得到温暖的回应，民生建设的过程，就是老百姓的圆梦工程，民生建设生动地诠释了“民生大于天、责任重如山”的民生理念。

    一个国家是这样，一个省市、一个地区同样如此。盘点四川2011年：高位求进、成渝经济区、天府新区、“两化”互动、第十二届西博会、灾区振兴发展、航空第四城、武引二期、中小企业融资、保障性住房等一个个热词同样关乎着全川人民的民生大事，划出了一条坚强的上升曲线，勾勒了四川经济发展史上辉煌的2011年。由此，笔者认为，社会发展到今天，民生已经提到了相当的政治高度。关注民生、发展民生、改善民生，已经成为我们党全心全意为人民服务新的注解，已经成为“三个代表”的具体化行动，已经成为科学发展观的生动实践。

    正因如此，国家主席胡锦涛对2012年提出了具体要求。胡锦涛在新年贺词中指出：在新的一年里，中国人民将继续高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，加快推进经济结构调整，着力保障和改善民生，不断深化改革开放，保持经济平稳较快发展，促进社会和谐稳定。我们将坚持“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，紧紧依靠广大香港同胞、澳门同胞，努力保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定。我们将坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的方针，牢牢把握两岸关系和平发展主题，继续推进两岸交流合作，不断造福两岸同胞。

    面对新形势、新任务，我们要把胡主席的殷切希望转化推动工作的新动力，落实到具体工作中。为此，笔者建议，各级各部门应坚持以民生为先，民生为重，民生为本，着力解决人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题，真正做到在改革发展中实现民生改善，在改善民生中实现幸福和谐。一是坚持以抓民生建设促进社会和谐。要把解决教育、卫生、文化、体育、养老、住房、环境治理等老百姓最关注的热点问题作为我们工作的出发点和落脚点，进一步加强基础设施建设，进一步提高教育、卫生、医疗、文化水平，不断满足人民群众的文化需求，精神需求和身体健康需求，着力解决人民群众上学难，就医难，住房难，居住环境差等民生问题，不断提高幸福指数。二是坚持以创新社会管理保障社会和谐。要在党委、政府和群众之间建起一座连心桥、真心桥，密切党和群众的关系，积极化解各类社会矛盾，让人民群众合理的诉求得到解决。要严厉打击各种犯罪，维护正常的社会秩序，全力构建平安和谐的社会环境。要加强安全生产工作，减少各种家庭悲剧，社会悲剧的发生，让人民群众生活在和谐的阳光里。三是坚持以弘扬先进文化培育和谐环境。要大力弘扬先进文化，用优秀文化坚守宣传思想文化阵地，用爱国主义和社会主义构建社会主义核心价值观，要加大文化基础建设投入力度，改善文化基础设施，不断满足人民群众日益增长的精神文化需求，通过形式多样的爱国主义教育、丰富多彩的精神文明建设活动，不断提高民众整体素质，形成良好社会风尚。

    总之，坚持民生促进和谐，和谐促进发展，发展改善民生是保障和改善民生基本抉择。只要我们真心为民，我们的工作就会得到广大人民群众的支持，只要我们真情为民，广大人民群众就会和我们一道，克服重重困难，一个富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家就将在我们的辛勤劳动和无私奉献之中呼之欲出！（李琼会）

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New Year's eve, President hu jintao through China Radio International, China national radio and China central television speech titled "jointly promote world peace and development of the New Year.(December 31, 2011 xinhuanet)

In 2011, is the world economic upheavals of the year.Our country economy in the world economic upheavals of the background to continue the steady walking, national revenue to step on to ten trillion yuan to a new stage.Along with the enhancement of national strength is, the people's livelihood of constant warm scroll in every Chinese present before: the biggest in history, security room construction faster, more and more people realized how dreams;National each city raised the minimum wage standard, low-income groups have more security;"New farming maintain a" pilot expanded to 40% of the county, more people have a goal from old and a step closer.So, we want to "hold security and improving the people's livelihood" is the development of "fundamental purpose", also is the steady growth, control prices, the structure of the power lies.

As President hu jintao in 2012 in the New Year that in 2011, is China's "1025" period beginning of.In a complicated and volatile international situation and arduous strenuous domestic reform, development and stability of the mission, the Chinese people work together, forge ahead, to continue to push forward the reform, opening up and socialist modernization, maintain stable and rapid economic development, the comprehensive construction well-off society have made new progress.China to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with other countries, actively participate in promoting world economic growth and financial stability, perfect global economic governance, solve international and regional hot problems and other international cooperation, to promote peace and human development to make the new contribution.

The facts proved that every year will have the same heat the people's livelihood, every year, will have a different topic of people.Review just the past 2011 years, the security room, food safety, income distribution reform, health care reform, social security reform, "three fairs" open, stable prices and property regulation reform, education fairness, pension, the 10 big's become common people of the most attention hot topics and the people's livelihood one hot words not only related to the common people's decent lives, but also recorded the 2011 people true feelings, including are glad, also have to look forward to, is the most concerned about people, the most concern, the focus of attention of the hot issue.Review past 2011, China's construction of people's livelihood every advance, is in the people heart will get warm response, the process of the construction of people's livelihood, is the common people dream project, construction of people's livelihood vivid to interpret the "people's livelihood than day, heavy responsibility mountain" concept of people's livelihood.

A country so, a provinces, cities, and a region as well.Inventory sichuan in 2011: high into chongqing economic zone, always the new city, "two of" the interaction, the 12 th west lake expo, the development, the aviation disaster fourth city, wu lead 2 period, the financing of small and medium enterprises, such as affordable housing hot words about the same one sichuan people's livelihood of the people of the event, lay off a strong rise curve, Outlines the sichuan economic development history of brilliant in 2011.Thus, the author thinks that, social development today, the livelihood of the people have mentioned a political level.Focus on the people's livelihood, development of the people's livelihood, improving the people's livelihood, has become our party serve the people wholeheartedly new comments, had become "the three represents" the embodiment of the action, has become a vivid practice of the scientific concept of development.

Because of this, President hu jintao to 2012 puts forward specific requirements.President hu jintao in the New Year points out that: in the New Year, the Chinese people will continue to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, to deng xiaoping theory and the important thought of "three represents" as a guide, thoroughly apply the scientific outlook on development, scientific development as the theme, speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development as the main line, the proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, and accelerate the economic structure adjustment, strive to guarantee and improve the livelihood of the people and deepening reform and opening up, maintain fast yet steady economic development, promoting social harmony and stability.We will adhere to the "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao" with a high degree of autonomy policy, closely rely on the Hong Kong people, Macao compatriots, efforts to keep the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong.We will adhere to the "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" policy, hold peaceful development of cross-strait relations theme, continue to promote cross-strait exchange cooperation, and benefit the compatriots on both sides.

In face of the new situation and new tasks, we have to take the President hu eager to promote the transformation of the new driving forces, and assigned to specific work.Therefore, the author suggest, at all levels of each department should adhere to the livelihood of the people first, put the livelihood of the people, for the people's livelihood, work hard to solve of greatest concern to the people, the most direct, the most realistic interests problem, truly realize in reform, development and people's livelihood improvement in improving the people's livelihood achieve happiness in harmony.One is to catch people's livelihood to promote harmonious society construction.To solve the education, health, culture, sports, endowment, housing, environmental management, the most common people the hot issues as our starting point and the foothold, further strengthen infrastructure construction, and further improve education, health, medical, cultural level, and constantly satisfy the people's cultural needs and spiritual needs and body health needs, and strive to solve the people to go to school, to go to a doctor, housing difficult, living environment's poor, and constantly improve the happiness index.Two is to stick to the innovative social management guarantee social harmony.To the party committee, government and the people built up a LianXinQiao between,, really bridge, the relationship between the party and the masses closely, and actively resolve all kinds of social contradictions, that the people of the reasonable demands solved.To crack down on all crime, and to maintain the normal social order, to construct the harmonious social environment of peace.To strengthen the work of production safety, reduce the family tragedy, social tragedy, let people's life in harmony sunshine.Three is to carry forward the advanced culture to cultivate harmonious environment.To carry forward the advanced culture, with excellent culture propaganda to politics, ideology and culture in patriotism and socialist constructing the socialist core values, and to increase the cultural infrastructure investment, improve the cultural infrastructure, and constantly satisfy the people's growing cultural demand, through the various forms of patriotism education, rich and colorful spiritual civilization construction activities, improve the overall quality of the people, form good society as a whole.

In short, adhere to the livelihood of the people to promote harmonious, harmonious development, development and improvement of people's life is the guarantee to improve the livelihood of the people basic choices.As long as we sincerely for the people, our work will get the people's support, as long as our true feelings for the people, and the people will join us, overcame many difficulties, a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized and harmonious modern socialist country in our hard work and dedication of be vividly portrayed.(you will)

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