家常红烧青鱼块的做法:新目标九年级英语毕业专项复习教案、学案、讲义及专项训练--名词

九年级专项复习   第一讲 名词

学生：      班级     小组评价：        综合评价：      时间：

1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：

1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。

专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。

如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)  

专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城)

姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。

2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.

普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；

▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information .

2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：

①在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables.

②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.

[注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.

③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities, party→parties.

④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.

2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese

不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.  

3、名词所有格：

1、  名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：

(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’s book(我姐姐的书)

(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如：Teachers’ Day(教师节)

(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s. 如：

today’s newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),

China’s population(中国的人口).

(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：  a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).

2、[注解]：

① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)

② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)

③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)

4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：

1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)

如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.

3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting.

5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：

The trousers  are  very  cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：A lot of students  are playing  baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)  A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips  is  very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)

8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I  are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor  I  am  going  there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)

13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

   ㈠、基本型

写出下列名词的复数形式：

1. pencil-box ___________ 2.wife _______ 3. Sunday________

4. city______ 5. dress _______6. Englishman ________

7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________9. zoo ________

10. exam________ 11. German __________

12. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day.

13. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.

14. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.

15. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city?

16. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?

17. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.

18.Are these_____  (watch)yours? Yes.        

19.You don't look well.You'd bett er go to the______ (doctor) at once

20. I like a_______. It’s neither hot nor cold.

㈡、选择填充

1 .June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.

A. Child’s B. Childs’ C. Children’sD. Childrens’

2 .September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn’t it?

A. Teacher’sB. Teachers’C. TeacherD. Teacher of

_____ is made of _____.

A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses

3 .This is _______ news.

A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good

4 .What ______ it is! Let’s go swimming.

A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD. bad weather

5 .They like Chinese _____.

A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people

6 .Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.

A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses

8. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.

A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows

9. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?

A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news

10 .How many ____ and ____ are there in your class?

A. boy student; girl onesB. girls students; boys ones

C. boys student; girl oneD. girl students; boy ones

11.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.

A. Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; Germen

C. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans

12. That bus driver drank two _____.

A. glass of waterB. glasses of watersC. cups of teaD. cup of tea

13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.

A. Bob’s motherB. Bob’s mother’sC. mother of BobD. Bob mother’s

14. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.

A. Tom and CarlB. Tom’s and Carl’sC. Tom and Carl’s

15. There is ______ tree in our school.

A. a 8-metres-tallB. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall

16 .In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.

A.fewyear B. a few years’ C. few years D. a few year’s

17. Did you hear the ______ report?

A. policeB. policemen’s C. policemans’D. policemens’

18. We bought _____ for my mother’s birthday.

A. some meatsB. some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats

19. –Whose is this new desk?-It’s _____.

A. Sue and Jim’sB. Sue and JimC. Sue’s and Jim’s

20. –Would you like _____ coffee?-No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __.

A.any; bottles of orangeB. little; bottle of oranges

C. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottle of orange

21. –How many _____ do you want?-Two, please.

A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggsC. kilos of eggsD. kilo of bread

22. The railway station is two _____ from our house.

A. hour’s drive B. hours’ driveC. hour-drive D. hours drive

23. –Where are you going, Lucy?-_______.

A. To my uncleB. To my uncle’sC. At my uncleD. At my uncle’s

24. Have you read _____?A. a newspaper of today’s B. today newspaper

C. today's newspaper

25. There’re a lot of ___ down there, but hardly any ___.

A. horse; peopleB. horses; peoplesC. cow; peopleD. sheep; people

26. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea. (2000西安)

A. sugar; the two cupB. sugars; the two cups

C. sugar; the two cupsD. sugars; two cups

27. Mr. Lin often gives us _______ by e-mail. (2000上海)

A. some good informationB. some good informations

C. good informationsD. a good information

28. –Is this your room?-No, it’s _____ room.(2000广州)

A. box of appleB. boxes of applesC. box of apples D. boxes of apple

29.Would you give me________,please?

A.two papers           B.two piece of paper  

C.two pieces of paper    D.two pieces of papers         

30.There are three_____ and seven____   in the picture.

    A.monkeys,sheeps   B.monkeys,sheep 

C.monkies,sheep  D.monkies,sheeps             

31.A lot of____   are talking with two_______.  

 A.Germans,Frenchmans         B.Germen,Frenchman

C.German, Frenchmen          D.Germans,Frenchmen

32. –Help yourself to s ome _________.

-Thank you. I really like them.(2001汕头)

A. fishB. orangeC. breadD. cakes

33. This is an old photo of mine when I _______.

A. have short hairs B. had short hairs

C. have short hair D. had short hair

34. Where is _______ sweater? I can’t see it.(2001四川)

A. LucyB. LucysC. Lucy’s

35. The little baby has two _______ already.(2001天津)

A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths

36. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?

A. seven days’ holidayB. seven day’s holiday

C. seven-days holidayD. a seven-days holiday

37. Yesterday a few _____ came to visit some ______ in Shantou.

A. German; places of interestB. Germans; places of interests

C. Germans; places of interestD. Germen; places of interest

38. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.

A. leafB. leafsC. leave D. leaves