偶看新闻二程故里:被动语态十注意
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/04/28 01:00:12
1，在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。
If l am given enough time, I will do it better.给我足够的时间，我会做得更好。
If you break the school rules, you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。
2,使用一般将来时的被动语态时，不要遗漏be动词，否定句中也要注意not的位置。
It is reported that the old office building will be torn down in two months.据报道，这座旧办公楼两个月后将拆除。
The trees on the hill will not be totally destroyed.山上的树将不会完全被毁坏。
3,非延续性动词，如borrow，finish, buy ,start, marry, join, open等词语的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用（即不能说某个动作执行了多长时间）。若要使用，就要将其改换为延续性动词：
误：How long has this book been borrowed?
正：How long has this book been kept?
4, 及物动词短语是一个整体，在被动语态中不要漏掉了后面的介词或副词。例如：
The poor old man will be taken care of by the girl.那位可怜的老人将由这个女孩子照料。
Every means should be made full use of to solve the problem.应该充分利用每一种方法来解决问题。
Such a bad habit should be got rid of. 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。
5，一般说来，不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能使用被动语态，常见的有：appear, die, disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place，occur等。例如：
It is like a dream, but will never disappear. 那像一场梦，但又永远不会消失。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.我的故乡发生了巨变。
To our surprise, the news spread all over the city overnight. 令我们吃惊的是，这个消息一夜间传遍了全城。
6，反过来，并不是所有的及物动词或短语都能用于被动语态，常见的有： fit, have, hold, own, cost, notice, agree with, arrive at / in, suffer from, happen to, belong to等。例如：
Something bad has happened to him.他身上发生一些坏事情。
This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只开这把锁。
The house being built now belongs to him.正在建造的房子是他的。
7，同学们要注意的是：连系动词没有被动语态，如become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。
Only a bowl and a pair of chopsticks remained on the table. 桌子上只剩下一个碗和一双筷子。
This kind of material feels very soft. 这种材料摸起来非常柔软。
His plan proved (to be) practical. 结果证明他的计划是很切实可行的。
8，还有一些动词，表示动作时可以有被动语态；但是当表达某种事物的特征、特性时也不使用被动语态，例如：wash, clean, cook, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write等。
He looked surprised when he heard the news. 得知消息时他显得吃惊。
The plan worked out wonderfully. 这个计划实行起来效果很好。
Your pen writes smoothly.
9，在need, require, want, be worth , deserve等词的后面用动名词的主动形式表被动含义。例如：
The TV needs repairing. = The TV needs to be repaired. 电视需要修理。
I think the film is worth seeing a second time.我认为这部电影值得再看一遍。
不过，这些词本身可以有被动语态：
Mary was wanted to work in that company though she didn’t like to.虽然玛丽不喜欢，但她还是被要求在那个公司工作。
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.游客被要求不要触摸展品。
10,在某些形容词后面，当不定式表达的情况与主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，或者不定式的动作执行者是主语时，用主动式表示被动意义。
The question that he referred to at the meeting was quite difficult to answer. 他在会议上提出的问题很难得回答。
She has an important meeting to attend. 她有一个重要的会议要参加。
【巩固练习】完成句子（前9句为完成时态，后6句为一般将来时）
1. You can see the house ___________ (未油漆) for years.(paint)
2. How many workers _____________(已派遣) to build the railway? (send)
3. — Why does Mary look so unhappy?
4. It is said that the house ________ (闯进了) by two thieves. (break)
5. _____ his views _____________ (赞同) by them? (agree)
6. The two pens _________ (未被拿走) by him. (take)
7. Where ____ the television ________ (已经修理了)? (repair)
8. The price of a color TV set _____ (降价了) again. (bring)
9. What __________________ (已被译成) into many foreign languages? (translate)
10. He_______（将被认出） as soon as he arrives at this city.（recognize）
11. What a beautiful skirt! It_______（将被喜欢）many girls. (love)
12.The mistakes in the exercises _____ （将被更正）the teacher.(correct)
13. It is said that a new robot ____（设计）by him in a few days.(design)
14. He says that Mr. Zhang _____（被派遣） to the factory next week.(send)
15 .It is a pity that We_______（被邀请）their wedding next week.(invite)
【keys】:
1, has not been painted;