偶看新闻青岛二手房税费:英语阅读理解不要忽视短文标题
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/04/27 05:33:52
标题是能揭示文章主要内容的“题眼”，通常是对文章内容的高度提炼、概括和浓缩。一篇文章的标题就像一杆旗帜，能帮助读者预测和把握文章的主要内容。
由于英语阅读理解试题的短文大多数都没有标题（2010年全国18套高考试题中，湖北卷没有一篇阅读短文有标题，只有陕西卷四篇短文都有标题，这也是陕西的特色吧），造成了很多学生对文章标题的忽视。
其实，正确而又合理地解读文章标题，不仅能帮助我们把握作者的意图和文章的发展脉络，对文章布局和内容进行全方位预测，而且可以帮助我们提高阅读理解中搜寻细节的能力和分析归纳的能力，有的甚至还能直接帮助我们解答阅读理解试题。
所以，对于阅读理解短文的标题，同学们千万不要忽视。相反，应该充分利用文章的标题这把利器，方便、高效地解决问题。本文特选择近两年高考试题加以举例说明。
一、文章标题就像定海神针，也像串起珍珠的绳索，还像一个总指挥，能帮助我们了解作者的写作意图、把握文章的主旨，避免犯盲人摸象，以偏概全的错误。
例如，2009年北京高考试题阅读理解C篇：
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."
65.The passage tells us that ______.
A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings
B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity
C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
简析：如果忽视文章标题，做这道阅读理解试题就很容易误选。实际上，B、C、D三项都是文章的内容之一，也是片面的。分析文章标题，“房间的设计影响我们的工作和心情”，揭示了文章的主要内容和作者的写作意图，不难选出正确的答案A。
二、很多阅读理解短文，特别是广告类短文，既有总标题，又有小标题；另外，标题都会用粗黑体字显示，非常醒目。这些标题不仅能标明文章的脉络和结构，更重要的是能帮助我们有的放矢地搜寻文章细节，不需要从头至尾仔细阅读全文，从而节省阅读时间，提高解题能力和速度。
阅读理解的目的是高效、正确。先浏览一下短文后的阅读理解试题，再根据小标题来确定阅读区间，快速找到解题的依据，这是做阅读理解试题的一种重要方法和技巧，它可以极大地提高阅读理解的效率。例如，2010年高考试题全国卷II阅读理解D篇：
Coolest Hotels in the World
Artau Aragon Towers
The Ariau Amazon Towers hotel lets you sleep in a tree house. Eight towers make up this hotel that offers over 300 rooms. If you really want to get into the spirit, book the Tarzan Suite which is large enough for a big family. You'll be thirty feet up in the air and can travel between the towers through their wooden walkways.
Prices: starting at $300 one night for each person for a regular room and going all the way up to $3000 for the Tarzan Suite.
For more information, visit the website: http://Hwww.ariautowers.com
The Ice Hotel
Every winter in Jukkasjarvi, Sweden, a special kind of hotel called the lee Hotel is built. Each year, world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice, many of which can be found in the rooms. You'll have your choice between hot or cold rooms but you will be well advised to stay at least one night in a cold room for a true experience.
Prices: starting at $318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one.
For more information, visit the website: http:Hwww.icehotel.com
Propeller Island
Propeller Island City Lodge is a very special hotel that was designed by a German artist. Each room provides you with the possibility of living in a work of art. Every single piece of furniture in the thirty rooms of the hotel has been hand-made and each room is completely different. You'll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes.
Prices: starting at just $91 a night, and an additional (另外) person for only 20 extra dollars. For more information, visit the website: http://www.propeller-island.com
For information about other cool hotels in the world, visit the website: http://www.bahamabeachclub.com
54. What is special about the Ariau Amazon Towers hotel? ______.
A. You can sleep in the house. B. You can choose any of the towers.
C. It is designed for big families. D. Every room has a walkway.
55. For more persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least .
A $111 B. $182 C. $600 D. $636
56. Which website should you visit if you want to find out whether there exists a hotel under the sea? ________.
A. http://www.icehotel.com B. http：//www.ariantowers.com
C. http://www.propeller-island.com D. htlp://www.bahamabeachclub.com
57. Which hotel would invite artists to come to work every year? ______
A. Propeller Bland City Lodge. B. Arian Amazon Towers.
C. The Ice Hotel D. Bahamas Beach Club.
简析：文章总标题表示本文介绍的是“世界上最‘酷’的旅馆”，小标题不仅举例说明了几个典型的旅馆，而且把文章分为几个部分，使文章结构明了、清晰。了解到这种阅读短文的特征，我们就可以根据问题的提示，缩小阅读范围，快速地找到选择试题答案的依据。
54题，根据问题，涉及到第一个旅馆，我们可以从第一个小标题下的内容中去搜寻答案。由第一句可知答案为A。
55题，根据问题，涉及到价格，所以我们可以只看每一个小标题末尾“price”部分内容。通过比较，第三个旅馆的价格最低廉，每人每晚的费用是91美元，另外再加一个人只需20美元，总共是111美元，从而可知答案为A。
56题，通过快速分别扫描三个旅馆（即每一个小标题下）的第一段，发现三个都不具有这种特征。根据常识和最后一个小标题的提示，“要想找到更多信息”，我们可以上网站查询。故选D。
57题，通过快速扫描，我们可以从第二个旅馆中的第二句找到答案C。
【巩固练习】请同学们做下列高考试题，加深上述阅读理解方法的运用。
一、 2010年湖南卷
A
L1PITOR
ABOUT LIPITOR
Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’
cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good'’ cholesterol·
Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking·
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?
Who can take LIPITOR：
·People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
· Adults and children over l0
Who should NOT take LIPITOR：
·Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby．
．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm
your baby．
·People with liver(肝脏)problems
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR
Serious side effects in a small number of people：
．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure
．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start
Lipitor and while you are taking it．
Call your doctor right away if you have：
．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired
．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing
·Stomach pain
Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：
·Muscle pain
·Upset stomach
·Changes in some blood tests
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR
DO：
·Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor．
·Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor．
·Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food．
·If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember．But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time．
Don's：
·Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor．
·Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor．
56. What is a major function of Lipitor? ______.
A. To help quit smoking.
B. To control blood pressure.
C. To improve unhealthy diet.
D. To lower "bad" cholesterol.
57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for .
A. breast-feeding women
B. women who are pregnant
C. adults having heart disease
D. teenagers with liver problems
58. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should .
A. change the amount of your next dose
B, eat more when taking your next dose
C. have a dose as soon as you remember
D. take the next dose at your regular time
59. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?
A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.
C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness.
60. What is the main purpose of the passage? ______.
A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.
B. To present a report on a scientific research.
C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.
D, To give information about a kind of medicine.
二、2009年重庆卷 B
How to Be a Winner
Sir Steven Redgrave
Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes (糖尿病) . Believing my career (职业生涯)was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn’t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”
Karen Pickering
Swimming World Champion
“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success—you can't follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. “Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”
Kirsten Best
Poet ＆ Writer
“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological (心理的) tool.”
60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about? ______.
A. Difficulties influenced his career.
B. Specialists offered him medical advice.
C. Training helped him defeat his disease.
D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.
61. What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary? _______.
A. Her training schedule.
B. Her daily happenings.
C. Her achievements.
D. Her sports career.
62. What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to? ______.
A. Ways that help one to focus.
B. Words that help one to feel less tense.
C. Activities that turn one’s attention away.
D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.
63. According to the passage, what do the three people have in common? _____.
A. Courage. B. Devotion.
C. Hard work. D. Self-confidence.
三、2009年安徽卷
A
Remembering names is an important social skill．Here are some ways to master it．
Recite and repeat in conversation．
When you hear a person's name，repeat it．Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips．You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial．
Ask the other person to recite and repeat．
You can let other people help you remember their names．After you've been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you．Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names．
Admit you don't know．
Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed．Most of them will feel sympathy if you say．“I’m working to remember names better．Yours is right on the tip of my tongue．What is it again?”
Use associations．
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual．For example，you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others -- an automatic review for you.
56. How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names? _____.
A. They will be moved. B. They will be annoyed.
C. They will be delighted. D. They will be discouraged.
57. If you can't remember someone's name, you may ______.
A. tell him the truth B. tell him a white lie
C. ask him for pity D. ask others to help you
58. When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember_____.
A. all their names B. a couple of names first
C. just their last names D. as many names as possible
59. What does the text mainly tell us? ______.
A. Tips on an important social skill. B. Importance of attending parties.
C. How to make use of associations. D. How to recite and repeat names.
【keys】一、56.D 57. C 58.D 59.B 60.D 二、60.D 61.A 62.C 63.D 三、56.C 57.A 58.B 59.A
由于英语阅读理解试题的短文大多数都没有标题（2010年全国18套高考试题中，湖北卷没有一篇阅读短文有标题，只有陕西卷四篇短文都有标题，这也是陕西的特色吧），造成了很多学生对文章标题的忽视。
其实，正确而又合理地解读文章标题，不仅能帮助我们把握作者的意图和文章的发展脉络，对文章布局和内容进行全方位预测，而且可以帮助我们提高阅读理解中搜寻细节的能力和分析归纳的能力，有的甚至还能直接帮助我们解答阅读理解试题。
所以，对于阅读理解短文的标题，同学们千万不要忽视。相反，应该充分利用文章的标题这把利器，方便、高效地解决问题。本文特选择近两年高考试题加以举例说明。
一、文章标题就像定海神针，也像串起珍珠的绳索，还像一个总指挥，能帮助我们了解作者的写作意图、把握文章的主旨，避免犯盲人摸象，以偏概全的错误。
例如，2009年北京高考试题阅读理解C篇：
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."
65.The passage tells us that ______.
A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings
B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity
C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
简析：如果忽视文章标题，做这道阅读理解试题就很容易误选。实际上，B、C、D三项都是文章的内容之一，也是片面的。分析文章标题，“房间的设计影响我们的工作和心情”，揭示了文章的主要内容和作者的写作意图，不难选出正确的答案A。
二、很多阅读理解短文，特别是广告类短文，既有总标题，又有小标题；另外，标题都会用粗黑体字显示，非常醒目。这些标题不仅能标明文章的脉络和结构，更重要的是能帮助我们有的放矢地搜寻文章细节，不需要从头至尾仔细阅读全文，从而节省阅读时间，提高解题能力和速度。
阅读理解的目的是高效、正确。先浏览一下短文后的阅读理解试题，再根据小标题来确定阅读区间，快速找到解题的依据，这是做阅读理解试题的一种重要方法和技巧，它可以极大地提高阅读理解的效率。例如，2010年高考试题全国卷II阅读理解D篇：
Coolest Hotels in the World
Artau Aragon Towers
The Ariau Amazon Towers hotel lets you sleep in a tree house. Eight towers make up this hotel that offers over 300 rooms. If you really want to get into the spirit, book the Tarzan Suite which is large enough for a big family. You'll be thirty feet up in the air and can travel between the towers through their wooden walkways.
Prices: starting at $300 one night for each person for a regular room and going all the way up to $3000 for the Tarzan Suite.
For more information, visit the website: http://Hwww.ariautowers.com
The Ice Hotel
Every winter in Jukkasjarvi, Sweden, a special kind of hotel called the lee Hotel is built. Each year, world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice, many of which can be found in the rooms. You'll have your choice between hot or cold rooms but you will be well advised to stay at least one night in a cold room for a true experience.
Prices: starting at $318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one.
For more information, visit the website: http:Hwww.icehotel.com
Propeller Island
Propeller Island City Lodge is a very special hotel that was designed by a German artist. Each room provides you with the possibility of living in a work of art. Every single piece of furniture in the thirty rooms of the hotel has been hand-made and each room is completely different. You'll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes.
Prices: starting at just $91 a night, and an additional (另外) person for only 20 extra dollars. For more information, visit the website: http://www.propeller-island.com
For information about other cool hotels in the world, visit the website: http://www.bahamabeachclub.com
54. What is special about the Ariau Amazon Towers hotel? ______.
A. You can sleep in the house. B. You can choose any of the towers.
C. It is designed for big families. D. Every room has a walkway.
55. For more persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least .
A $111 B. $182 C. $600 D. $636
56. Which website should you visit if you want to find out whether there exists a hotel under the sea? ________.
A. http://www.icehotel.com B. http：//www.ariantowers.com
C. http://www.propeller-island.com D. htlp://www.bahamabeachclub.com
57. Which hotel would invite artists to come to work every year? ______
A. Propeller Bland City Lodge. B. Arian Amazon Towers.
C. The Ice Hotel D. Bahamas Beach Club.
简析：文章总标题表示本文介绍的是“世界上最‘酷’的旅馆”，小标题不仅举例说明了几个典型的旅馆，而且把文章分为几个部分，使文章结构明了、清晰。了解到这种阅读短文的特征，我们就可以根据问题的提示，缩小阅读范围，快速地找到选择试题答案的依据。
54题，根据问题，涉及到第一个旅馆，我们可以从第一个小标题下的内容中去搜寻答案。由第一句可知答案为A。
55题，根据问题，涉及到价格，所以我们可以只看每一个小标题末尾“price”部分内容。通过比较，第三个旅馆的价格最低廉，每人每晚的费用是91美元，另外再加一个人只需20美元，总共是111美元，从而可知答案为A。
56题，通过快速分别扫描三个旅馆（即每一个小标题下）的第一段，发现三个都不具有这种特征。根据常识和最后一个小标题的提示，“要想找到更多信息”，我们可以上网站查询。故选D。
57题，通过快速扫描，我们可以从第二个旅馆中的第二句找到答案C。
【巩固练习】请同学们做下列高考试题，加深上述阅读理解方法的运用。
一、 2010年湖南卷
A
L1PITOR
ABOUT LIPITOR
Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’
cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good'’ cholesterol·
Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking·
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?
Who can take LIPITOR：
·People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
· Adults and children over l0
Who should NOT take LIPITOR：
·Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby．
．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm
your baby．
·People with liver(肝脏)problems
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR
Serious side effects in a small number of people：
．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure
．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start
Lipitor and while you are taking it．
Call your doctor right away if you have：
．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired
．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing
·Stomach pain
Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：
·Muscle pain
·Upset stomach
·Changes in some blood tests
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR
DO：
·Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor．
·Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor．
·Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food．
·If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember．But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time．
Don's：
·Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor．
·Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor．
56. What is a major function of Lipitor? ______.
A. To help quit smoking.
B. To control blood pressure.
C. To improve unhealthy diet.
D. To lower "bad" cholesterol.
57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for .
A. breast-feeding women
B. women who are pregnant
C. adults having heart disease
D. teenagers with liver problems
58. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should .
A. change the amount of your next dose
B, eat more when taking your next dose
C. have a dose as soon as you remember
D. take the next dose at your regular time
59. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?
A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.
C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness.
60. What is the main purpose of the passage? ______.
A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.
B. To present a report on a scientific research.
C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.
D, To give information about a kind of medicine.
二、2009年重庆卷 B
How to Be a Winner
Sir Steven Redgrave
Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes (糖尿病) . Believing my career (职业生涯)was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it----the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn’t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”
Karen Pickering
Swimming World Champion
“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success—you can't follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. “Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”
Kirsten Best
Poet ＆ Writer
“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological (心理的) tool.”
60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about? ______.
A. Difficulties influenced his career.
B. Specialists offered him medical advice.
C. Training helped him defeat his disease.
D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.
61. What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary? _______.
A. Her training schedule.
B. Her daily happenings.
C. Her achievements.
D. Her sports career.
62. What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to? ______.
A. Ways that help one to focus.
B. Words that help one to feel less tense.
C. Activities that turn one’s attention away.
D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.
63. According to the passage, what do the three people have in common? _____.
A. Courage. B. Devotion.
C. Hard work. D. Self-confidence.
三、2009年安徽卷
A
Remembering names is an important social skill．Here are some ways to master it．
Recite and repeat in conversation．
When you hear a person's name，repeat it．Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips．You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial．
Ask the other person to recite and repeat．
You can let other people help you remember their names．After you've been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you．Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names．
Admit you don't know．
Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed．Most of them will feel sympathy if you say．“I’m working to remember names better．Yours is right on the tip of my tongue．What is it again?”
Use associations．
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual．For example，you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others -- an automatic review for you.
56. How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names? _____.
A. They will be moved. B. They will be annoyed.
C. They will be delighted. D. They will be discouraged.
57. If you can't remember someone's name, you may ______.
A. tell him the truth B. tell him a white lie
C. ask him for pity D. ask others to help you
58. When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember_____.
A. all their names B. a couple of names first
C. just their last names D. as many names as possible
59. What does the text mainly tell us? ______.
A. Tips on an important social skill. B. Importance of attending parties.
C. How to make use of associations. D. How to recite and repeat names.
【keys】一、56.D 57. C 58.D 59.B 60.D 二、60.D 61.A 62.C 63.D 三、56.C 57.A 58.B 59.A