泉州宝山小学:你需要知道的关于心理学十件事情

      你是新来的心理学研究呢？ It may seem like a vast and daunting topic at first, but understanding a few basic facts can make it easier to get started.它可能看起来像一个巨大而艰巨的第一主题，但了解了一些基本事实，可以更容易上手。 The following are just a few of the important things you need to know about psychology.以下只是一小部分，你需要了解心理学重要的东西。 Once you learn these facts, you will be better prepared to explore psychology in greater depth.一旦你了解这些事实，你会得到更好的准备更深入地探讨心理。 1、 Psychology Is the Study of the Mind and Behavior   心理学是研究心理与行为的研究                                                               Miranda Knox 米兰达诺克斯  Psychology is the study of the mental processes and behavior.心理学是研究心理过程和行为的研究。
The term psychology comes from the Greek word psyche meaning "breath, spirit, soul" and the logia meaning "study of." 心理学一词来，意思是“呼吸”的精神，灵魂“和logia意思是”研究。来自希腊字的心灵 Psychology emerged from biology and philosophy and is closely linked to other disciplines including sociology, medicine, linguistics and anthropology.  从生物学和心理学的出现，是密切相关的哲学，包括社会学，医学，语言学和人类学等学科。

2、 Psychology Uses Scientific Methods采用科学的心理学方法

                                                           Rich Legg/iStockPhoto 富莱格/ iStockphoto的

One of the most common myths about psychology is that it is just "common sense. "关于心理学的最常见的误解之一是，它只是“常识”。 Unlike common sense, psychology relies on scientific methods to investigate questions and arrive at conclusions.有别于一般意义上说，依赖心理，调查的问题和得出结论的科学方法。 Psychologists use a range of techniques to study the human mind and behavior, including naturalistic observation, experiments, case studies and questionnaires.心理学家使用各种技术来研究人的思想和行为，包括自然观察，实验，个案研究及问卷调查。

• Introduction to Psychology Research Methods 心理学研究方法导论
• The Scientific Method 科学方法
• The Simple Experiment 在简单的实验

3、Psychologists Take Many Different Perspectives 心理学家们采取许多不同的观点

                                                            Emiliano Hernandez 埃米利亚诺埃尔南德斯

Topics and questions in psychology can be looked at in a number of different ways. 主题和心理问题都可以看在许多不同的方式。 For example, psychologists may look at something like violence from a number of different perspectives.  例如，心理学家可以看看喜欢暴力的东西，从不同角度数。 Some psychologists may look at how biological influences contribute to violence, while other psychologists might look at factors like culture, family relationships, social pressure and situational variables influence violence.一些心理学家可以看看如何促进生物影响的暴力行为，而在其他心理学家看起来像文化，家庭关系，社会压力和情境因素的影响暴力的因素。 Some of the major perspectives in psychology include the:在一些心理学的主要观点包括：

• Biological perspective生物学角度来看
• Cognitive perspective认知观点
• Behavioral perspective行为视角
• Evolutionary perspective进化观点
• Humanistic perspective人文视角

• Major Perspectives in Modern Psychology 现代心理学的主要观点

4、 Psychology Has a Many Subfields  心理学已经是一个多子域

There are many different branches of psychology.有许多不同的心理学分支。 Introductory students often explore the basics of these various specialty areas, but further exploration of each individual field may depend on what course of study you select.介绍学生经常探讨这些不同的专业领域的基础知识，但每一个人领域的进一步勘探就取决于您选择的学习课程。 Some of the biggest subfields within psychology are clinical psychology, personality psychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology and social psychology.心理学的范围内最大的分支部分是临床心理学，人格心理学，认知心理学，发展心理学和社会心理学。

• Branches of Psychology 心理学分支
• Subfields of Psychology 心理学分支

5、 Psychology Is Not Just About Therapy  不只是与心理治疗有关

                                                         Konstantin Binder 康斯坦丁粘结剂

When you think of psychology, do you envision a therapist with a notepad jotting down ideas as a client recounts childhood experiences?当你心理想，你想象一个记事本记下客户的想法作为一个童年的经历讲述了心理医生？ While therapy is certainly a big part of psychology, it is not the only thing that psychologists do.虽然治疗无疑是一个心理学的重要组成部分，它不是唯一心理学家做。 In fact, some psychologists don't work in the field of mental health at all.事实上，一些心理学家不工作，在精神卫生领域的。 Psychology encompasses other areas including teaching, research and consulting.心理学包括包括教学，研究和咨询等领域。 Psychologists work in a wide variety of settings, including:心理学家的工作在各种各样的设置，包括：

• Colleges and universities   高校
• Private corporations   私营公司
• K-12 Schools K - 12   学校
• Hospitals   医院
• Government offices  政府办事处

6、 Psychology Is All Around You  心理学就在你周围

Psychology is not just an academic subject that exists only in classrooms, research labs and mental health offices.心理学不仅是一门学科，只有在教室，研究室和心理健康办公室存在。 The principles of psychology can be seen all around you in everyday situations.心理学的原则，可以看到在你周围，在日常生活情况。 The television commercials and print ads you see everyday rely on psychology to develop marketing messages that influence and persuade people to purchase the advertised products.在电视广告和平面广告每天都看得见的心理依赖，发展营销信息，影响和说服人们购买广告产品。 The websites you visit on a regular basis utilize psychology to understand how people read, use and interpret online information.你的网站上定期访问利用心理学来了解人们如何阅读，使用和解释的在线信息。

• 10 Ways to Use Psychology in Everyday Life 10种心理学用于日常生活中

7、 Psychology Explores Both Real-World and Theoretical Issues 心理学探索了真实世界及若干理论问题

As you begin your study of psychology, it might seem like some of the theories and research you learn about do not really apply to real-life problems.当你开始你的心理学研究，它可能看起来的理论和研究，你并不真正了解适用于现实生活中的一些问题。 It is important to remember, however, that psychology is both and applied and theoretical subject.重要的是要记住，但是，既和应用心理学理论课。 Some researchers focus on adding information to our overall body of knowledge about the human mind and behavior (known as basic research ), while other concentrate directly on solving problems and applying psychological problems to real-world situations (known as applied research ).一些研究人员专注于增加我们已知的资料，作为整体的（身体的知识对人的思想行为和基础研究 ），而其他精矿直接解决问题，运用心理问题的现实情况已知（ 应用研究 ）。

8、 Psychology Offers a Wide Range of Career Options  心理学职业生涯提供了多种选择

                                                  YinYang/iStockPhoto 阴阳/ iStockphoto的 If you are thinking about majoring in psychology, then you should be pleased to discover that there are many different career paths to choose from.如果你正在考虑在心理学专业，那么你应该很高兴地发现，有许多不同的职业道路可供选择。 Different career options depend largely on your educational level and work experience, so it is important to research the required training and licensing requirements of your chosen specialty area.不同的职业选择，在很大程度上取决于你的教育水平和工作经验，所以重要的是要研究的必要的培训和你所选择的专业领域的发牌要求。 Just a few of the possible career options include clinical psychology , forensic psychology , health psychology and industrial-organizational psychology .就在几个选项的可能的职业，包括临床心理学 ， 司法心理学 ， 健康心理学和工业组织心理学 。

• 10 Hot Psychology Careers 10个热门职业心理学
• Career Options With a Bachelor's Degree 学制职业选择，获学士学位
• Career Options With a Graduate Degree 学位与研究生职业选择有了

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9、 Psychology Studies Both Normal and Abnormal Behavior  心理学研究正常和异常行为

When many people think about psychology, they immediately think about the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior.当许多人对心里想什么，他们立即想到的诊断和治疗的异常行为。 However, it is important to remember that psychology studies normal behavior as well. 然而，重要的是要记住，心理学研究正常行为。

10、 Psychology Seeks to Describe, Explain, Predict, Modify and Improve Behaviors 寻求心理描述，解释，预测，修改和完善行为

There are four major goals of psychology:心理学有四种主要目标：

• To describe human thought and behavior为了描述人类的思想和行为
• To explain why these behaviors occur要解释为什么会出现这些行为
• To predict how, why and when these behaviors will occur again in the future为了预测如何，为什么当这些行为将在未来再次发生
• To modify and improve behaviors to better the lives of individuals and society as a whole修改和完善的生活行为，以更好地对待个人和整个社会