新疆车牌号代表的地区:男性应对危机的性策略：经济不景气，多找性伴侣

经济长期不景气，男性更想寻伴侣

Grim economic times could cause men to seek more sexual partners, giving them more chances to reproduce, according to research by Omri Gillath, a social psychology professor at the University of Kansas. 

美国堪萨斯大学社会心理学教授欧米瑞·吉拉斯（Omri Gillath）的研究表明，经济形势严峻之时，男性倾向于寻求更多的性伴侣，提高传宗接代的机会。

Men are likely to pursue short-term mating strategies when faced with a threatening environment, according to sexual selection theory based on evolutionary psychology. 

根据进化心理学的性选择理论，在威胁性环境里，男性很可能追求短期交配策略。

When made to think about their own death, which mimics conditions of "low survivability," Gillath and his colleagues found that men responded more vigorously to sexual pictures and had increased heart rates when viewing them, compared to when they thought about dental pain. 

吉拉斯及其同事们模仿“恶劣生存”条件，让男性想象自己的死亡，发现此时男性比起想象牙疼时对情色图片的反应更为迅速，心率更快。 

"We're biologically wired to reproduce, and the environment tells us the best strategy to use to make sure our genes are passed on," said Gillath. "If you think you might die soon, there's a huge advantage for a man to use short-term mating strategies - to make sure there are a bunch of offspring and hope that some of them survive - but women can't do the same thing." 

“我们本性就与传宗接代密切相关，环境会告诉我们确保传承基因的最佳策略，”吉拉斯说。“如果你感到死亡迫在眉睫，运用短期交配策略就有巨大的优势——确保有一堆的后代，并希望其中一些活下来——但女性不能这样做。”

"The ultimate sign of low chances of surviving is death," Gillath added. "After threatening them with their own death, we asked them to look at a computer with sexual and nonsexual images, to see if death makes men more interested in sex." 

“最小生存机会就意味着死亡，”吉拉斯补充道。“在受到死亡威胁后，我们要求他们在一台电脑上看情色图片和非情色图片，观察死亡是否会令男性对性行为更感兴趣。”

People primed with death triggered a lever faster when they saw sexual images, compared to those primed with dental pain. The two groups exhibited no difference in response times for nonsexual images. 

看到情色图片，受死亡威胁的那一组比起牙痛的那一组先触发了一根杠杆。而观看非情色图片时，触发时间没有差异。

"In low survivability conditions, we think that men would be more apt to pursue sex outside of a monogamous relationship, looking for ways to spread their genes" Gillath said. 

“在恶劣的生存条件下，我们认为男性会更容易追求一夫一妻之外的性行为，想方设法来传承自己的基因。”吉拉斯说。

The KU research is the first to show a causal link between low survivability cues and sexual preparedness in men, using both behavioral and physiological measures. Previously, other researchers have depended on demographics to support "life history theory," for instance by looking at the fact that richer countries tend to show lower birthrates, or that the age of first sex encounters is lower in poorer neighborhoods. 

堪萨斯大学的研究采用行为和生理测量的方法首次揭示了恶劣生存环境和男性性兴奋速度的因果关系。此前，其他研究人员根据人口统计来解释“生命历史理论”，例如，富裕国家出生率较低，或者贫困地区首次性行为的年龄较小。

"When the environment is secure and you have enough food and things are working the way you would like them to, people are more likely to invest in their existing kids and stay with their current partner or prefer long-term mating strategies," said Gillath. "But if the environment is dangerous and your chances of survival are low - if there is a famine or more enemies - then people will adopt short-term strategies which allow them to reproduce more." 

“当环境安全，食物充足，一切如你所愿，人们更倾向于关注已有的子女，留在当前伴侣的身边，或者说倾向于长期交配策略，”吉拉斯说。“但是，如果环境危急，存活机会不大——比如饥荒或者敌人众多的时候——那么人们会采取短期策略来传宗接代。”

Gillath connected his research to fears surrounding the current economy. Some analysts predict that today's economic doldrums could herald a lasting era of high unemployment, low expectations and a diminished standard of living. 

吉拉斯把他的研究与当前的经济恐慌联系起来。一些分析家预测，今天的经济低迷可能预示着一个长期高失业率、低期望值和低生活水平时代的到来。

Could such an enduringly terrible economy prompt men to stray away from their long-term committed relationships and follow a more promiscuous lifestyle? 

这一长时间的恶劣经济形势是否会驱使男性偏离他们承诺的长期关系，去找寻乱交的生活方式呢？

Gillath thinks that's possible. 

吉拉斯认为并非不可能。

"The economy today is giving us signs that we have lower chances of survival," said the KU researcher. "There's not as much money, we're not sure if we're going to have our jobs, we're not sure we can support our existing kids. It's like living on the savannah and discovering you don't have enough fruit and the animals are scarce. In such times, guys might be more inclined to spread their genes and hence be highly prepared for sex."

“今天的经济迹象表明，我们的生存机会降低了，”这位堪萨斯大学的研究人员说。“收入下降，不知道以后有没有工作，不知道养不养得起现有的孩子。就像生活在没有树木的热带草原，你发现水果不够了，动物稀缺。在这样的时代，男性可能更倾向于到处传播自己的基因，因此性兴奋很快。”