怎么区分分子间氢键:中考英语复习资料八上下
（一）八年级上英语复习
Units1-2
一、短语
1.how often 2.as for
3.how many 4.of course
5.look after 6.a lot of
7.go to the movie 8.every day
9.twice a week 10.want sb to do sth
11.be good for 12.at the moment
13.look after 14.患感冒
15.保持健康 16.帮助某人做某事
17.和…一样 18.尽力做某事
19. kind of 20.stessed out
21. 一条建议 22 keep ____ good health
二、重点句子
1.What do you usually do on weekends ?
2.How often does cheng watch TV ?
3.…but I’m pretty healthy .
4.What’s the matter (with you) ?
= __________________________________?
=__________________________________?
5.So maybe I’m not very healthy , although I have a healthy habit .
6．You should drink some hot tea with honey .
7.I’m not feeling well .
8.I hope you feel better soon .
三、词语辨析
1.sometime/some time/sometimes/some times
(1) sometime作副词时表示“在某时，有朝一日”，指将来或过去的一个不确定时间。
I saw her sometime last year .
(2) some time用作名词词组，指“一段时间”。I waited for you for some time .
(3) sometimes是个频度副词，意为“有时”。
(4) some times意为“几次，几倍”。He has been to Japan some times .
2．maybe/may be
(1) maybe是副词，意思是“也许，可能”，在句子中作状语，相当于perhaps ,常位于句首。
(2) 在may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形，在句子中作谓语，意思是“也许是，可能是”。
3．a few/a little/few/little
（1）a few用作定语，修饰可数名词复数，意思是“少数的，几个，一些”，表示肯定含义。
（2）few表示“很少的，几乎没有的”，表示否定含义，反义词为many 。
（3）a little修饰不可数名词，意思是“一点儿，少量”,表示肯定含义。
（4）little表示“很少的，几乎没有的“，其反义词是much。
4.much too/too much/too many
(1)much too中的much用在too之前加强语气，意思是“实在太，非常”，常用在形容词或副词前。
(2)too much中的too用在much前，说明“多”的程度，意思是“太多”,常用作副词或代词，放在动词之后，不可数名词之前。
(3)too many意思是“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。
5．in/on/at表示时间的用法
(1) in表示一段时间，常用于年份、月份、季节、泛指的早/午/晚之前。
(2) on表示在某天，常用于星期、日期、节日或某天（特指）的早/午/晚之前。
(3) at常用于时间点之前。
练习
一、单项选择
1. He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight., ____________ ?
A.is he B.isn’t he C.does he D.doesn’t he
2. --________ do you go to the library ? --Once a week .
A.How long B.How many C.How often D.How soon
3. She was born ______ a cold Monday morning . A.on B.in C.at D.for
4. This woman _______ his mother .
A.maybe B.may be C.may is D.perhaps
5. It took me _______ to finish the work .
A.sometimes B.sometime C.some times D.some time
6. The meat is ______ dear and eating ______ meat is bad for your health .
A.too much , much too B.too much , too much
C.much too , too much D.much many , too many
7．--______ does she do on weekends ? --She watches TV .
A.What B.Where C.Who D.How
8. The students exercise every day and they try _____ themselves healthy .
A.keep B.keeping C.kept D.to keep
9. --___________________ ? -- I have a stomachache .
A.Who are you B.What’s the matter C.How are you D.What are you
Units3-4
一.短语
1.多久____________ 2.回来/取回_____________ 3.去度假____________
4.乘公共汽车_________ 5.视…而定，决定于___________ 6.乘坐小船___________
7.看…_____________ 8.how far___________ 9.leave for_____________
10.show sb sth/show sth to sb____________ 11.send sb sth/send sth to sb_______
12.plan to do___________ 13.from…to…____________ 14.think of______________
15.need to do___________ 16.need doing____________ 17.get up__________
二．重点句子 18.finish doing___________
1.What are you doing _____ vacation ?
2.This time I want to do something different .
3.How long does it take to get to school ?
It takes sb…to do sth ./ sb spends…on sth/ sb spends …(in) doing sth
4.That must be a lot more fun than _______ (take)a bus !
5.How far is it from your home to school ?
6.A small number of students take the subway .
a number of表示“许多”，后跟可数名词复数，表数量的多少时，则用large和small修饰number。
三．词语辨析
1.forget to do / forget doing
(1)forget to do表示“忘记曾经做过某事”。
(2)forget doing表示“忘记做某事（未做）”。
2.get / arrive / reach 到达
(1)get表示“到达…”，是不及物动词，若加宾语，后需跟介词to 。
(2)arrive为不及物动词，若加宾语，后面跟介词in（大地点）或at（小地点）。
(3)reach为及物动词，后直接跟地点。
(4)若没有地点时，用arrive。
(5)reach还可表示“伸手去够、拿…”。
四．中考聚焦
1. It is + 形容词 + (for/of sb) + to do sth表示“（对某人来说）做某事…”，it是形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。当形容词为表示人的道德品质的词时，用of。
2.cost/spend/pay/buy花钱
(1)(sb) spend…on sth / (sb) spend…(in) doing sth
(2)(sb) pay…for sth / (sb) pay sb …
(3) (sb) buy sth for…
(4) (sth) cost sb…某物值多少钱
练习
一．单项选择
1.It is so nice _______ you to say so. A.to B.of C.for D.with
2.--How much did you ______ for the dictionary? --12 dollars.
A.buy B.spend C.cost D.pay
3.He _______ a lot of time playing computer games on weekends.
A.takes B.costs C.pays D.spends
4.Hurry up! The bus ________ .
A.comes B.come C.is coming D.is comeing
5.They will finish ________ in 10 minutes.
A.talk B.to talk C.talking D.talks
6.Oh, I forgot _______ my eraser with me.Can I use yours?
A.bring B.brought C.to bring D.bringing
7.There is _________ with your bike. A.wrong something
B.anyting wrong C.something wrong D.wrong anything
8.--_______are you going to London? --By air.
A.When B.How C.Where D.Why
9.They are in ________ school,but in _________ classes.
A.same,different B.the different,the same
c.the same,different D.same,the different
10.He often goes to work __________.
A.by his bike B.by bike C.on bike D.by a bike
二．句型转换，一空一词。
1.It’s 5 minutes’ walk from my home to school.（同义句）
It __________ me 5 minutes _________ walk to school.
2.Your cloth is different from mine.（同义句）
Your cloth is not _________ __________ as mine.
3.It was snowing,but it was not very cold.（同义句）
It was not very cold __________ __________ was snowing.
4.He takes a train to work.（否定句）
He __________ ___________ a train to work.
5.The hospital is only a few kilometers away.（对划线部分提问）
__________ ___________ is the hospital?
Units5-6
一．短语
1.后天_____________________ 2.顺便来访______________ 3.擅长_______________
4.游泳池_________________ 5.为考试学习study ______ a test 6.have a piano lesson
7.另一次_______________ 8.不得不____________ 9.this week______________
10.next week_________ 11.be free______________ 12.在某些方面______________
13.喜欢做某事enjoy _________ sth 14.look the same________________
15.迫使某人做某事make sb ______ sth 16.be good with____________________
17.stop doing sth_____________________ 18.stop to do sth____________________
19.show sb sth=show sth to sb___________________20.the same as_______________
二.重点句子
1.Can you come to my birthday party next Saturday?
2.Sorry,I have to go to my piano lessons.
Sure,I’d love to.
3.Thanks for asking.
4.Why not come to my party?
________ _________ you come to my party?
5.What’s today? It’s Monday the 14th.
6.Sam has shoter hair than Tom
7.Linda is not sa careful sa lily.
8.we are both quiet.
We both have black eyes and black hair.
Both girls go to lots of parties.
Both of the girls go to lots of parties.
Both Liu Ying and Liu Li enjoy going to parties.(否定句)
___________ Liu Ying ________ Liu Li ___________ going to parties.
9.He always beat me in tennis.
10.Who do you think should get the job?
11.Call English Study Center _____ 443-5667.
三．词语辨析
1.take / spend ：都可表示“花时间…”。
(1)It takes sb…to do sth.
(2)sb spends…on sth / sb spends…(in) doing sth
2.both / all：做形容词或代词时，都表示“全，都”的意思。位于系动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
(1)both用来表示“两者都…”，作定语时其后跟复数名词，作主语时谓语用复数形式。
(2)all指“三者或三者以上都…”，既可修饰单数名词，表示“全，总，整”，又可修饰复数名词，表示“全部，所有的”。
3.other / another / the other / others
(1)another可作形容词或代词，意为“又一个（的）；再一个（的）”，表示三者或三者以上的同类中除一个以外的任何一个，一般只能指代或修饰单数名词，是泛指。
another + 数词 + 复数名词=数词 + more + 复数名词
(2)other可作形容词，意为“别的，另外的”，其后可以跟单数名词或复数名词。
(3)the other意为“两者中的另一个”，代替或修饰单数名词；或“（一个整体中除去一部分的）另一部分”，代替或修饰复数名词，相当于the rest of…。
(4)others意为“其他的或别的人或物，指代复数名词，是泛指，不能作定语。
4.beat / win
(1)beat意为“击败、打败某人”，其宾语为表示人的名词或代词。
(2)win意为“赢得比赛、获胜”，其宾语为比赛、游戏、奖项等。
四．Would like的用法
1.would like sth / would like (sb) to do sth
2.--Would you like an apple ?
--Yes , please ./ No , thanks .
3.—Would you like to go swimming with us ?
--Yes , I’d love to ./ I’d love to , but I have to do my homework .
五．形容词、副词用法（见《中考任我行》P75）。
练习
一．单项选择。
1.______ you play tennis with me tomorrow?
A.How about B.Shall C.Could D.May
2.—Would you like to have some tea? --_____________________.
A.Yes ,I would . B.No ,I wouldn’t C.Yes ,I’d love . D.Yes ,I’d love to .
3.I think a good friend likes to do the same things ______ me .
A.as B.like C.from D.with
4.We ______ like sports , although Liu Ying and Lucy are more athletic than me .
A.both B.all C.whole D.the whole
5.I don’t like the color of the T-shirt . Would you show me _______ one ?
A.other B.the other C.another D.others
6.Please find a time your parents _______ go to the mall .
A.both can B.all can C.can both D.can all
7.He has __________ friends than I .
A.much more B.many more C.very more D.too more
8.In our homework , the more careful we are , ______ mistakes we’ll make .
A.little B.less C.fewer D.the fewer
9._______ there is no air or water , there can be no life of any kind .
A.For B.Because C.As D.When
10.He _______ a lot of time playing computer games on weekends .
A.takes B.costs C.pays D.spends
二．完成句子，一空一词。
1.She has to help her mother do the housework .(变否定句)
She ___________ __________ to help her mother do the housework .
2.It’s Monday the 20th today .（提问）________ is __________ ?
3.Mike is 14 years old . David is 12years old . (合并为一句)
David is 2 years ____________ ___________ Mike .
4.He bought some books yesterday . (变一般疑问句)
_________ he buy __________ books yesterday ?
5.老板迫使工人们一天工作12个小时。(完成译句)
The boss __________ the workers __________ 12 hours a day .
Units7-8
一．短语
1.打开______________ 2.闲荡_______________ 3.pour…into…____________
4.add…to…____________ 5.两茶匙蜂蜜_________________ 6.照相_____________
7.at the end of ______________ 8.by the end of _____________ 9. in the end________
10.编故事_____________ 11. 去兜风________________ 12.整天___________
13.win a prize___________ 14.a slice of__________ 15. 上周___________
二．重点句子
1.How many apples do we need ?
2.How much salt and yogurt ?
3.How was your school trip ?
4.-Were there any sharks ?
-Yes , there were . / No , there weren’t .
5.-Did you go to the zoo ?
-Yes , I did . / No , I didn’t .
6.That sounds really interesting .
7.What else did you do ?
8.On my next day off , I don’t want to go for a drive .
三．词语辨析
1.turn / open :turn on 表示“打开（液流、气流、电流等的）龙头或开关”。而open表示打开与电无关的东西，强调动作。
2.nobody / none / no one:三者都有“没人”之意，区别在于：
(1)none指三者或三者以上的“没有，都不”，既可指人，也可指物，常与of连用，既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词。接可数名词时，谓语用单复数均可，若与不可数名词连用，谓语只可用单数形式。
(2)nobody相当于no one，只可指人，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
(3)none还可用于对how many或how much引导的疑问句进行回答，即表示数量。
-How many birds are there in the tree ?
-None .
3.other / else:两者都有“别的，其他的”的含义。Other是形容词，用于名词的前面；else既可作副词，也可作形容词，常修饰复合不定代词或疑问词，并放在它们后面。
4.how组成的短语
how long多长，多久（就时间、物体长度提问） how often多久一次（就频度提问）
how soon多久以后（就不久将来提问） how far多远（就距离提问）
how many多少（就可数名词数量提问） how much多少（就不可数名词数量或价格提问）
how old多大，几岁（就年龄提问） how tall多高（就高度提问）
how wide多宽（就宽度提问） how heavy多重（就重量提问）
how deep多深（就深度提问）
四．语法：一般过去时
1.定义：表示在过去时间里发生的动词或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常发生或习惯性的动作。
2.构成：谓语动词一律用过去式。
3.标志词：yesterday、 last week、 three days ago、 just now、 at that time等。
4.there be句型的一般过去式：
There was / were + 名词 +介词短语。
否定：There wasn’t / weren’t……
疑问：Was / Were there ……?
回答：Yes , there was / were . (No , there wasn’t / weren’t .)
练习
一．单项选择。
1.-Do you know ________ Yao Ming is ?
-Somebody says he is about 2.26 meters , but I’m not sure .
A.how many B.how far C.how old D.how tall
2.I ate _________ foe breakfast . A.two bread
B.two breads C.two slices of breads D.two slices of bread
3.Here are the bananas . Please _________ . A.cut it up
B.cut up it C.cut them up D.cut up them
4.-______ was your father like when he was young ?
-He was tall and strong .
A.What B.How C.What about D.How about
5.I’m sorry I’m busy at the present . you’d better ask _______ for help .
A.some one else B.some else body C.somebody else D.anyone else
6.He finished writing the novel _______ of last month .
A.at the end B.in the end C.by the end D.on the end
7.The students _______ the classroom last Friday .
A.clean B.cleaning C.to clean D.cleaned
8.There _______ two pens and a dictionary on the desk just now .
A.is B.was C.are D.were
9.-How many birds are in the tree ? -_________.
A.No B.None C.No one D.Nothing
10.In China , people usually have 7 days _______ during the Spring Festival .
A.off B.of C.away D.for
二．完成句子，一空一词。
1.Tom did his homework at 9:00 last night .（变为否定句）
Tom _________ __________ his homework at 9:00 last night .
2.None of the girls like P.E. .（变为反意疑问句）
None of the girls like P.E. , __________ __________ ?
3.I’d like three cups of yogurt .（对划线部分提问）
__________ ___________ cups of yogurt would you like ?
4.Last year , his mother gave him an MP4 as a birthday gift .（变为被动语态）
He __________ ___________ an MP4 as a birthday gift last year .
5.昨天，她在动物园照了很多动物的照片。(完成句子)
Yesterday she __________ ___________ of many animals in the zoo .
Units9-10
一．短语
1.too…to…_____________2.参加，加入_______________3.因为，由于_____________
4.grow up_______________5.在…岁时_________________6.全世界_________________
7.同时__________________8.move to__________________9.一两年_________________
10.hold an exhibition____________11.start doing_________________
12.keep fit____________ 13.练习做某事_____________ 14.出生______________
15.学习做某事____________ 16.在70年的历史里____________________17.存钱______
二．重点句子
1.When was he born ?
He was born ____ 1973.He was born ____ January 10th ,1973.
2.You are never too young to start doing things.
3.He began to learn the accordion at the age of four.
He began to learn the accordion ________ he ________ four years old.
4.Ronaldo played _______ his national team when he was seventeen.
5.What are you going to be when you grow up?
I’m going to be an actor.
6.How are you going to do that?
I’m going to take acting lessons.
7.I’m going to buy a big house ________ the money…
8.An old lady found a job _______ a foreign language teacher.
三.词语辨析
1.join / join in / take part in :加入，参加
(1)join表示“加入某一党派或社会团体等组织，是里面成员之一”。可用be in / be a member of代替。
(2)“join in + 名词或动词ing”形式，表示“参加正在进行的活动，如谈话、比赛、娱乐等”。
(3)take part in表示“参加某项活动、比赛活动或事件，并在活动中负有责任”。
2.hard /hardly
(1)hard意为“努力地”，是副词，用来修饰动词，作状语。
(2)hard还可作形容词，意思是“困难的=difficult（反义词easy）”、 “坚硬的（反义词soft）”，作定语、标语、补语等。
(3)hardly也是副词，意思是“几乎不”，相当于almost not，本身含有否定的意思。
3.too…to… / so…that… / …enough to do
(1)too + 形容词或副词（原形） + to do表示“太…而不能…”。
(2)形容词或副词（原形）+ enough to do表示“够…可以…”。
(3)“so + 形容词或副词（原形）+ that + 句子”表示“如此…以致…”，that引导结果状语从句。
4.so…that… / such…that… ：如此…以致…
(1)so + 形容词或副词（原形）+ that
(2)such + 形容词 + 名词 + that
(3)such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that=so + 形容词 + a/an + 名词
(4)so + many/much/few/little（少）+ 名词 + that
他年纪太小，不能去上学。
He is _______ young _______ go to school .
He is _______ young _______ he can’t go to school .
He isn’t ________ ________ to go to school .
5.when / while / as
(1)when“当…时候”，引导时间状语从句，主句、从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句谓语动词可用延续性动词，也可用终止性动词，时态用一般过去时或一般现在时。
(2)while“当…时候”，主句、从句动作同时发生，用延续性动词，从句时态是进行时态。
(3)as不指先后，而指同时发生，常译为“一边…一边”。
练习
一、单项选择
1.Did you go ______ last Sunday ?
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.something D.somebody
2.I was ______ excited ______ say a word when I heard the news .
A.too,to B.enough,to C.so, to D.very,to
3.Wang Ling ______ the first prize in the 100-meter race .
A.had B.won C.received D.made
4.Tom ______ the sports club last autumn .
A.joined B.took part in C.took D.got
5.When ______ you get up this morning ?
A.do B.does C.did D.doing
6.Is there _______ in today’s newspaper ?
A.something new B.new anything C.new something D.anything new
7.The woman stopped ______ a look , but she saw nothing .
A.having B.to have C.had D.has
8.She is going to help _____ aunt _____ her work .
A.she,for B.her,with C.hers,with D.her,to
9._____ the teacher came in , all the students were writing .
A.Where B.When C.While D.As
10.This book is _____ for students to read .
A.easy enough B.easily enough C.enough easy D.enough easily
二、句型转换，一空一词。
1.The suitcase is very heavy . I can’t carry it .（合并成一句）
The suitcase is ______ heavy _______ I can’t carry it .
2.He has hardly any money left .（反意疑问句）
He has hardly any money left , ________ ________ ?
3.Bruce hicupped for two months .（提问）
_______ _______ did Bruce hicup ?
4.Tony was born in 1997 .（提问）
_______ _______ Tony born ?
5.我们每天锻炼来保持健康。（完成句子）
We exercise every day to ________ ________ .
Units11-12
一、短语
1.do the dishes________ 2.make the bed________ 3.干家务，处理琐事_________
4.do the launch________ 5.照看，照顾_______________ 6.靠近，接近___________
7.not at all_________ 8.think about________ 9.take out_________
二、重点句子
1.Can I ask you some questions ?
2.Could I please use your computer ?
3.I’m going to work ____ it now .
4.I hate to do chores .
5.Could I invite my friends to a party ?
invite sb to + 地点：“邀请某人到某地或参加某项活动”。
invite sb to do sth：“邀请某人做某事”。
6.What do you think is the most boring TV show ?
7.He danced without music .
Without是介词，是with的反义，表示“没有，无，不”的含义，其后跟名词、代词或动词ing。
(1)He didn’t have breakfast . He went to school . (同义句)
He went to school __________ __________ breakfast .
(2)Fish can’t live without water .
_______ there’s ________ water , fish can’t live . (同义句)
8.The price of a hotel room is about 320 yuan a night .
price是不可数名词，意思是“代价，价格”，作主语时谓语用单数形式。谈论价格高低要用high或low，而谈论东西的贵贱用expensive或cheap 。
三、词语辨析
1.lend / borrow /keep(have)：借
(1)lend表示“借给、借出”，lend sb sth / lend sth to sb，是终止性动词。
(2)borrow表示“借进”，borrow sth from sb，是终止性动词。
(3)keep / have表示“借多久”，是延续性动词，和表示一段时间的状语连用。
2.however / but / yet
三者都可表示转折，however表示在前面所述事情外另加一项事情，两者有相对的意思，并用逗号隔开；but表示与前面所述事情或事实相反；yet比but的意思更强，无论让步到如何的极端，所预期的结果仍不会出现。yet可与though / athough连用，但but不能与though / although连用。
练习
一、单项选择。
1.-Could you please give me a hand ? -___________
A.No,thanks. B.You’re welcome. C.Yes,I could. D.Sure.What’s wrong.
2.My dad gets really angry when I forgot ______ my room .
A.cleaning B.to clean C.clean D.cleaned
3.In the evening Jim often ______ some reading .
A.makes B.works C.does D.looks
4.-Can I _____ this book ? -Yes,but you shouldn’t ______ it to others .
A.lend,borrow B.borrow,borrow C.borrow,lend D.lend ,lend
5.Can you ______ my Mimi while I’m away ?
A.take away B.take care of C.take out D.take off
6.She can speak English ______ American .
A.as good as an B.as wellas an
C.as better as an D.well than a
7.This idea sounds ______ than yours .
A.wonderful B.more wonderful C.more wonderfully D.the most wonderful
8.She isn’t ______ to carry the box .
A.enough strong B.strong enough C.enough weak D.weak enough
9.I felt tired last night,so I went to bed ______ than usual .
A.early B.earlier C.late D.later
10.Who’s ______ ,your brother or your sister ?
A.busy B.busier C.busyer D.the busier
二、句型转换，一空一词。
1.Wei Hua is taller than any of the others in her class .（改写同义句）
Wei Hua is ________ _________ in her class .
2.Mr Green will come back in a week .（对划线部分提问）
_______ ________ will Mr Green come back ?
3.I think he can do it by himself .（变为否定句）
I ________ he ________ do it by himself .
4.I was born on October 1,1983 .（变为一般疑问句）
________ _________ born on October 1,1983 ?
5.他常常照顾他生病的父亲。（完成句子）
He often ________ _________ of his sick father .
八年级下英语复习
Units1-2
一、短语
1.爱上fall ____ love ______2.be able to___________3.未来，将来_____ the future
4.hundreds of_________ 5.out of style__________6.打电话给…________________
7.用电话交谈，通电话__________________8. 付…帐，付买…的钱__________
9.时髦的，流行的_____ style 10.与…同样的the same _____ 11.get on___________
12.as…as possible___________ 13.各种各样的_____________ 14.一方面__________
15.另一方面______________ 16.不让…进入__________ 17.in five years__________
18.度假____________ 19. compare…to…_____________ 20.compare…with…_______
21.告诉某人做某事_______________ 22.complain about________ 23.养宠物_________
24.和…争论______________ 25.have a fight with sb____________
二、重点句子
1.What do you think life will be in 100 years ?
2.People won’t use money.Everything will be free .
3.There will be less free time .
4.People will live to be 200 years old .
5.I think Shanghai is really a beautiful city .
I think Shanghai is quite a beautiful city .
I think Shanghai is such a beautiful city .
I think Shanghai is so beautiful a city .
I think Shanghai is a very beautiful city .
6.Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people…
make sb do sth:迫使某人做某事。在感官动词see,watch,notice,look at和使役动词make,let,have后应该用省去to的不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语，但是变为被动语态时应把省去的to还原。
7.These robots look more like huge arms .
8.Everyone else in my class was invited except me .
9.I’m very upset and don’t know what to do .
I’m very upset and don’t know _______ I _______ do .
10.Could you give me some advice ?
a piece of advice / give advice 提建议 / take advice采纳建议
11.It seems that he is happy .
(1)seem为连系动词，意思是“好像，仿佛，似乎”，其后接形容词、名词、介词短语作表语。
(2) seem to do = It seems that……
It seems that he is happy . = He seems (to be) happy .
三、词语辨析
1.alone / lonely
(1)alone是“独自的”，指无人陪伴的客观事实；lonely是“寂寞的”，指主观的感觉；一个人可能alone而并不lonely,也可能虽不alone而感觉lonely。
(2)alone只可作表语，不能作定语；而lonely既可作定语也可作表语。
She lives ________ ,but she doesn’t feel _________ .
The old man lived on a(n) _________ island .
2.in / after
(1)“in + 时间段”常和将来时态连用。（提问用__________）
He will finish the work in two days .
(2)“after + 时间段”常和过去时态连用。
He became a teacher after 3 years .
(3)after可以接时间点，可以和过去时态或将来时态连用。
He will come after 8 o’clock .
3.family / home / house
(1)family意为“家庭；家庭成员”，与房屋建筑无关。指“家庭”时为一整体，谓语用单数形式；指“家庭成员”时为集合名词，谓语用复数形式。
My family ______ a large one .
My family ______ watching Tv now .
(2)home是一个感情色彩比较浓烈的词，它指一个人出生和居住的地方，房屋是其中的一部分，因而也有“家乡，故乡”的意思。
East or west , home is the best .金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝。
(3)house意为“房屋，住宅”，一般对所居住的建筑物而言。
There are many new houses in our village .
4.come true / realize
两者均可表示“（愿望、理想等）实现”，但come true的主语应为物或事；realize的主语应为人。
练习
单项选择
1.There ________ a class meeting on Sunday afternoon .
A.won’t have B.won’t be C.isn’t have D.aren’t have
2.-________ do you live ? -I live in a small town .
A.Which B.Who C.What D.Where
3.My grandma lives _______ , but she never feels _________ .
A.alone,alone B.lonely,lonely C.alone,lonely D.lonely,alone
4.-_________ will you finish your homework ? -In an hour .
A.How soon B.How often C.How long D.How many
5.They seldom watch TV at night , _______ they ?
A.will B.do C.don’t D.are
6.I don’t know __________ . A.what should we do
B.how to do C.what to do D.what do I
7.I don’t think there’s ___________ in today’s newspaper .
A.something new B.new something
C.anything new D.new anything
8.If you study ________ , you’ll catch up with _________ .
A.enough hard,other B.hard enough,the other
C.enough hard, another D.hard enough,others
9.Why not ________ the evening meal with us ?
A.eats B.to have C.have D.has
10.-_____________ your bike ? -It’s broken .
A.What wrong with B.What’s wrong with
C.What’s the matter D.Is there anything wrong
Units3-4
一、短语
1.起飞______________ 2.逃跑______________ 3.发生______________
4.首先_______________ 5.传递_____________ 6. be supposed to do___________
7.do well in______________ 8.in good heath__________ 9.get over__________
10.open up___________ 11.care for_______________ 12.hear about_____________
13.在…前面______________ 14.以便，致使___________ 15.彼此，互相___________
16.住院________________ 17.as…as…________________
二、重点句子
1.What were you doing when the UFO arrived ?
2.What are some things that happen on soap operas ?
(1)happen作不及物动词，相当于take place , 指“偶然发生”，强调的是偶然性，主语一般是物，happen和take place都没有被动语态。
(2)sth happen to sb表示“某人发生某事”。
(3)happen to do sth表示“碰巧做某事”，相当于do sth by chance .
(4)He happened to know the answer .=It happened that he knew the answer .
3.I can do better in math .
4.I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week.I hope you are in good health.
be sorry to do“对做某事感到难过”；be sorry for/about “为…难过“。
5.…she didn’t want to be my best friend anymore.
not…anymore = no more ; not…any longer = no longer不再，再也不
三、词语辨析
1.speak / say / talk / tell
(1)speak意思是“讲话”，强调说话的能力、方式和对象，可以作及物动词或不及物动词。作及物动词时，常用表示语言的名词或代词作宾语。speak to sb
Do you speak English ?
(2)say意思是“说”，强调说话内容。say to sb / say to oneself
Can you say it in English ?
He said that the earth goes round the sun .
(3)talk意思是“谈话，交谈”。talk to / with sb“与…交谈”；talk about“谈论…”。
(4)tell意思是“告诉，讲述”，表示告诉某人某事。tell sb sth / tell sb to do sth/
tell a story / tell a lie / tell the truth
2.in front of / in the front of
(1)in front of表示“在…前面”（指在某一空间或地方的外部）。
(2)in the front of表示“在…的前部”(指在某一空间或地方的内部)。
There are a lot of trees ________________ my house .
I sat ________________ the classroom,so I heard the teacher clearly .
3.happen / take place：发生
(1)happen使用广泛，指事物的发生，特别是偶然发生，可以指“（某人）发生了某事”，也可指“（某物）发生了什么情况”，它的主语通常由accident或类似it , what , this , that , thing , sth等描述的主题充当。 What happened to you ?
(2)take place常指经过安排的，其主语常是表“运动，活动，会议”的名词。
The Olympic Games takes place every four years .
4.above / over / on
(1)above“高于，在…的上方”，表示的是不和表面接触，而是悬空高于此物的位置，不是在某物的垂直上方，反义词是below。 A big plane flew above the clouds .
(2)over“在…的正上方”，表示不和物体表面接触但垂直悬空高于此物体的位置，反义词是under。 The teacher’s office is over our classroom .
(3)on“在…上面”，表示与物体表面接触在此物体上的位置。
There is a map of the world on the wall .
5.bring / take / get / carry
(1)bring表示从别处把某物或某人“带来”。
(2)take表示把某人或某物“带走”（到别处）。
(3)get指到别处把某人或某物“带来”，相当于go to bring。
(4)carry指“提，拿，抗，背”（重物）等，不具体说明来去方向。
四、直接引语变为间接引语
直接引语 间接引语
陈述句 that引导的宾语从句（that无词义，可省）
一般疑问句 if/whether(是否)引导的宾语从句(用陈述句语序)
特殊疑问句 疑问词引导的宾语从句(用陈述句语序，=疑问词+to do)
祈使句 tell/order/ask sb (not) to do sth
Units5-6
一、短语
1.have a great time___________ 2.take away________ 3.make a living__________
4.around the world___________ 5.all the time_______6.run out of_____________
7.by the way_________________ 8.be interested in_____________ 9.far away_______
10.make friends with_________________ 11.do one’s best___________
12.raise money for______________ 13.the whole five hours________________
14.three and a half years________________
二、重点句子
1.If you do ,the teachers won’t let you in .
let sb in让…进去
2.If you do , the teachers will ask them to leave .
ask sb to do叫某人做某事
3.For a foreigner like me , the more I learn about Chinese history , the more I enjoy living in China .
The + 比较级…，the + 比较级…：越…，就越…（前一分句用一般现在时表示将来）
4.When did you get your first pair of skates ?
a pair of skates一双溜冰鞋 two pairs of skates
5.I love globes with animals .
三、词语辨析
1.stop to do / stop doing
(1)stop doing sth表示“停止做某事”，指停止做原来的事。
(2)stop to do sth表示“停下来去做某事（停下来做另一件事）”。
2.ago / before：以前
(1)ago表示从现在算起一段时间“以前”，和动词的一般过去时连用，放在所修饰词的后面。（反义词later） I knew him three years ago .
(2)before则用于表示从过去某时算起若干时间以前，通常与完成时连用。
I have never heard of her before .
(3)before可作介词，“在…之前”，放在时间点之前。（反义词after）
I usually get up before six .
四、条件状语从句
1.引导条件状语从句的词有if（如果，假如），unless（除非，如果不）。在条件状语从句中只能用一般现在时表示将来。 If you study hard , you’ll pass the exam .
2.“祈使句 + and / or”引导的结果状语从句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
Use your head , and you’ll find a way .
=______ you use your head , you’ll find a way .
Hurry up , or you’ll be late .
=______ you _______ hurry up , you’ll be late .
=______ you hurry up , you _________ be late .
3.句中有without的句子，有时可改为条件状语从句。
Fish can’t live without water .
=_______ there’s no water , fish ________ live .
练习
完成句子
1.He’ll fly to Beijing next Monday . (一般疑问句)
________ he _________ to Beijing next Monday ?
2.We have already learnt 1,000 English words .（否定句）
We __________ learnt 1,000 English words ___________ .
3.He could help you with English then .（同义句）
He ________ _________ to help you with English then .
4.Work hard , and you’ll be good at math .（同义句
_________ you work hard , __________ be good at math .
5.I learnt how I could swim .（同义句）
I learnt _________ _________ swim .
Units7-8
一、短语
1.not at all__________ 2.turn down___________ 3.right away__________
4.wait in line__________ 5.cut in line_________ 6.at first____________
7.take care____________ 8.put out______________ 9.pick up_____________
10.fall asleep_________ 11.give away___________ 12.hear of____________
13.take an interest in_________________ 14.mind doing__________
二、重点句子
1.Would you mind opening the window ?
2.Eating vegetables is good for your health .
3.Could you give me some advice ?
a piece of advice一条建议，give / take advice提出/采纳建议
4.The more , the better .
5.Why don’t you get her a scarf ?
=________ _________ get her a scarf ?
6.I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child .
6-year-old“六岁大的”，是合成形容词，由“数词+名词+形容词”构成，其中名词必须用单数。只作定语，放在名词前面。(如作表语，用six years old形式。如
The girl is six years old .）
三、词语辨析
1.take / spend :花时间做某事
(1)It take sb …to do sth .
(2)sb spend …on sth / sb spend…(in) doing sth
2.spend / pay / buy / cost：花钱做某事
(1)sb spend …on sth / sb spend …(in) doing sth
(2)sb pay (sb) …for sth
(3)sb buy sth for…
(4)sth cost (sb) …
3.instead / instead of：代替；而不是
(1)instead作副词，常放在句首或句末。
It’s too hot to walk , we’ll go swimming instead .
(2)instead of后跟名词、代词或动词ing，表示“代替…，而不是…”。
He’ll go to Italy instead of France .
He played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework .
练习
单项选择
1.If you _______ these tasks , we will go skating .
A.will finish B.finish C.finished D.have finished
2.You have to help me _______ cake for breakfast .
A.making B.will make C.with make D.make
3.This happens ________ me all the time in the school library .
A.to B.in C.on D.about
4.Jenny , would you mind ________ the old jeans ?
A.doesn’t,wear B.not wear C.don’t wear D.not wearing
5.-Would you mind passing me your homework ? -__________ .
A.Not at all B.Certainly no C.Of course D.No,Iwouldn’t
6.You have to _______ the book in two weeks.
A.returned B.returning C.return back D.return
7.When the teacher came in , the students stopped _______ .
A.to talk B.talking C.talked D.talk
8.At the ______ news , the family get ________ .
A.excited,excited B.exciting,exciting
C.exciting,excited D.excited,exciting
9.Would you mind ______ opening the window ? Which of the following is wrong?
A./ B.my C.not D.to
10.-Would you mind not wearing those old shoes ? -Ok,I’llput on _______ .
A.the other pair B.another one C.another pair D.the other one
Units9-10
一、短语
1.end up(doing)___________ 2.three quarters_________ 3.wake up______________
4.all year round__________ 5.look through___________ 6.get along____________
7.at least_____________ 8.on board_______________ 9.be close to___________
10.during the daytime___________
二、重点句子
1.Have you ever been to a water park ?
2.I’ve never been to a water park .Me neither .
Me neither.=Neither have I.
“Neither/Nor + 谓语 + 主语”表示“前面说的情况同样不适合于后面的人或物”。
“So + 谓语 + 主语”表示“前面说的情况同样适合于后面的人或物”。
3.It was really exciting , wasn’t it ?
这是一个反意疑问句，其结构为“陈述句/祈使句+反意疑问句”，遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，疑问句的助动词及主语应与陈述部分保持一致。
4.-Could you please not feed the dog ?
-Sure ,that’s no problem .
Could you please do……?请你……好吗？（表示有礼貌的请求）
否定：Could you please not do……?请你不要…好吗？
5.What’s the best present you have ever received ?
6.-Nice day , isn’t it ? -Yes , isn’t it ?
三、词语辨析
1.have been to / have gone to / have been in (at)
(1)have been to表示“去过某地已回”。
(2)have gone to表示“去了某地未回（在途中或已到某地）”。
(3)have been in / at表示“已在某地多久”。
2.both / all:“全，都”，位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
(1)both用来表示“两者都…”。both…and…
My parents are both teachers .=Both (of) my parents are teachers .
(2)all指“三者或三者以上都…”，既可修饰单数可数名词，表示“全，总，整”，又可修饰复数名词，表示“全部的，所有的”。
3.between / among
(1)between表示“在两者之间”。
(2)among表示“在三者或三者以上之间”，可用于引导最高级比较范围。
He is the most energetic boy _________ them .
Do you know the difference __________ the two words ?
4.such as / for example / like
(1)such as用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但其后不能用逗号。只能列举其中一部分，不能全部举出。
English is spoken in many countries,such as Australia,Canada and so on .
(2)for example强调举例说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。
I know some film , for example , Harry Potter .
(3)like作为介词，也可表示举例。
You should eat more yin foods , like tofu .
You should eat more yin foods like tofu .
练习
单项选择
1.Walk fast please , ______ we’ll be late for the movie .
A.and B.so C.or D.but
2.I think ______ is very interesting to visit Beijing .
A.it B.this C.its D.that
3.Have you ever _______ an amusement park ?
A.been to B.been C.gone to D.gone
4.This is the most beautiful park I have _______ visited .
A.ever B.never C.not D.yet
5.It is _______ dangerous to play on the road .A car may hit you .
A.so B.too C.or D.to
6.-I haven’t finished my homework . -_______ has Li Ping .
A.So B.Neither C.Either D.And
7.Lucy is interested in _______ . A.listen to music
B.listening music C.flying kites D.read books
8.Heart attack kills ________ people every year .
A.million of B.millions C.millions of D.million
9.Thanks for the tickets _______ next week’s game .
A.of B.for C.in D.to
10.It was really cold , ________ ?
A.is it B.isn’t it C.was it D.wasn’t it
（二）2008年中考—过去式、过去分词表
be--was / were—been beat—beat—beaten become—became—become
begin—began—begun blow—blew—blown break—broke—broken
bring—brought—brought build—built—built buy—bought—bought
catch—caught—caught choose—chose—chosen come—came—come
cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut dig—dug—dug
do—did—done draw—drew—drawn drive—drove—driven
drink—drank—drunk eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen
feel—felt—felt find—found—found fly—flew—flown
forget—forgot—forgot get—got—got give—gave—given
go—went—gone grow—grew—grown have/has—had—had
hear—heard—heard hold—held—held hurt—hurt—hurt
keep—kept—kept know—knew—known lay—laid—laid
learn—learnt—learnt leave—left—left lend—lent—lent
let—let—let lie—lay—lain make—made—made
mean—meant—meant meet—met—met mistake—mistook--mistook
pay—paid—paid put—put—put read—read—read
ride—tode—ridden ring—rang—rung run—ran—run
say—said—said see—saw—seen sell—sold—sold
send—sent—sent set—set—set shine—shone—shone
show—showed—shown sing—sang—sung sit—sat—sat
sleep—slept—slept smell—smelt—smelt smell—smelled--smelled
speak—spoke—spoken spend—spent—spent stand—stood—stood
stick—stuck—stuck swim—swam—swum take—took—taken
teach—taught—taught tell—told—told think—thouhgt—thought
throw—threw—thrown understand—understood—understood
wake—woke—woken wear—wore—worn win—won—won
write—wrote—written
（三）英语写作六要素
一、审题要清
看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。
二、要点明确
要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐一罗列出。
三、列出提纲
为写作做好准备。根据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语记下，形成提纲。
四、写顺全文
写短文时要做到五个方面：
1.避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。
2.多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或独立主格结构等较复杂的句型。
3.注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。语态、时态要准确无误;主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致；注意冠词用法，例如：It takes Tom half an hour to go to school by bus.中的an不能写成a；注意拼写，例如：fourteen，forty，ninth等不要写成forteen，fourty，nineth等;注意标点符号和大小写。
4.描写人物时，要生动具体，可以选择使用下列词汇，例如：外形：tall，short，fat，thin，strong，weak，pretty等；颜色：red,yel-low，blue，white，green，brown，black等；心情：glad，happy，sad，excited，anxious，interest-ed等；情感：love，like，hate，feel，laugh，cry，smile，shout等。
5.上下文要连贯。同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间)，使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：并列关系：and,as well as,or…；转折关系：but,yet,how-ever…；时间关系：when,while,after,before,then,after that…；因果关系：so，there-fore，asaresult…；目的：in order to，in order that，so as to,so that…；列举：for example ,such as…；总结性：in general,in all,in a word,generally speaking…
五、没有病句
中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1)看字数是否达到要求，看有无遗漏要点。
(2)看文体格式是否正确规范。
(3)看有无语法或用词上的错误。
(4)看单词拼写、字母大小写是否有错，标点符号有无遗漏或用错等等。
(5)注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致。
六、先打草稿
考试中，书面表达应做到先打草稿，写完后多读几遍，检查是否有误，然后再抄到试卷上，注意字迹要工整，不涂、不画、不勾不抹，避免不必要的扣分。
（四）英语作文样板
1.最近，教育部启动了“阳光体育”运动，建议全国中小学生每天坚持锻炼一小时，让他们健康、快乐。此项活动受到了广大学生的欢迎。李华对所在学校学生参加活动的情况和反映做了一个调查。请你根据下面调查表的内容，帮他给学校写一篇报道。词数：80词左右。报道的开头和结尾已给出（不计入总词数）。
Interviewees
(调查对象)
Activities
Feelings
Reasons
most students
play sports
interested
have lots of fun
many students
skip rope
happy
keep healthy
some students
take a walk
relaxed
enjoy fresh air
a few students
worried
not enough time to finish their homework
The “Sunshine Sports” program is very popular in our school . Nearly all the students take part in it . Most students are interested in playing sports . They think they have lots of fun . Many students are happy with skipping rope . They believe it can keep them healthy . Some students relax while they are taking a walk . In this way they can enjoy fresh air . However , a few students are still worried that they may not have enough time to finish their homework .
No matter what students think about the program , they all like the idea , which will make them happy and keep them fit at the same time .
2.假如你是王欣，请根据以下信息写一封信给校长，推荐九年级一班学生刘建为电脑俱乐部主席。因为他有很多很好的个人品质：
（1）爱好广泛（如电脑、足球和篮球等）；（2）聪明用功（如合理安排时间、成绩好等）；
（3）热心助人，受同学们欢迎。（4）80词左右。
Dear Sir,
I think Liu Jian in Class 1 , Grade 9 is the best person to be chairman of the Computer Club .
He is not only good at computer , but also good at football and basketball . He is smart and always works hard and gets good grades . He knows how to use his time well to do things he likes . He is always ready to help others . We all like him , and he is very popular among us .
I will be thankful if you can think about my advice carefully and make Liu Jian chairman of the club .
Best wishes,
Yours,
Wang Xin
3.今年6月份中考结束后，你(Bruce)将迎来一个较为轻松的暑假。请把你的计划写成书信寄给(Tom)。信件内容包含以下要点：
（1）坚持每天一小时的体育锻炼；（2）与家人多交流，做些家务；（3）拜访几个老师与好友；
（4）安排一趟3-5天的旅游。 （5）词数不少于80。
Dear Tom ,
My summer holiday is coming . I have made a plan for it .
During the holiday , I want to go to visit some of my teachers and friends . In Grade Three , I was so busy that I had no time to talk with them . I will talk more with my family . I will try to do some housework . My parents work very hard . I should try my best to help them . I will have 3 or more days’ trip . Fresh air and beautiful views will be good for my health . Of course , daily exercise is important , too . I want be stronger .
How do you like my plan ? Would you like to share your plan with me ? Write me soon .
Yours,
Bruce
4.北京2008年奥运会志愿者招募活动已经开展，报名参加北京奥运会赛事的志愿者必须满足以下条件，请就此做一说明。词数：80-100。开头已经给出，不计算在内。
提示：
（1）law法律；related activity相关活动；（2）出生于1990年6月30日前；（3）必须遵守中国法律；（4）能够为奥运会连续服务7天或以上；（5）能够使用中英文进行交流； （6）可以参加赛前的各项培训和相关活动。
Voluteer wanted
Do you want to be a voluteer for the Beijing Olypic Games ? We are in great need of voluteers . If you want to apply for a job , you must meet the following requirements .
First , you must obey the laws of China . Second , you have to be born before June 30 , 1990 and in good health . Thirdly , you must be good at both Chinese and English so that people can understand you easily . One very important thing is that during the games you must work at least 7 days or more . Finally you must take part in some of the pre-games training and related activities .
Are you interested ? Come and join us .