苗木诚为什么是绝望:动词简单过去式（一）

动词简单过去式（一）

同学们，以下是王明和张亮正在谈论他们寒假生活呢，我们一起来听一听他们是怎么度过这个寒假的吧！

W：Where did you go during the vacation? 

Z：I didn't go anywhere. I stayed at home.

W：Did you work?

Z： No, I took two courses in winter school.

W：Why did you do that?

Z： Because I wanted to get ahead of others a little.   

W：How were those courses?

Z： They were interesting and I met a lot of people.

W：You were very busy then.

Z： Yes, I enjoyed the winter holiday very much. And what did you do？

W：I traveled to some places of interests. Then I visited my grandparents.   

同学们，以上划线部分的这些单词你认识吗？是不是觉得很眼熟呢？以下这些单词你肯定认识：

do——         stay——          take——          want——         visit——

are——         meet——         enjoy——         travel——      

其实呢，上面划线的那些词就是这些词的简单过去式形式，可能有很多同学还不理解过去式是什么意思，那咱们再回过头来看上面的对话，他们两个人是不是在谈论寒假里的一些事情啊？寒假是不是已经过去了呢？那么这些事情都是发生在过去的某一时间段或者某一个时刻的，所以动词就需要用过去式形式。它经常和yesterday，last week，a moment ago等等连用。  

Examples:

1. He traveled many places of interests in summer holiday. 暑假期间他去很多地方旅行了。

2. It rained yesterday. 昨天下雨了。

3. The policeman stopped him on his way home last night. 昨晚在回家的路上警察拦住了他。

4. He phoned his mother an hour ago. 一个小时以前他给他妈妈打了电话。  

5. Last term we often did experiments. 上个学期我们经常做实验。

这个时候可能很多同学该迷糊了，英语中这么多的动词我咋能把这些单词的过去式都记住啊？哎，不用发愁，动词变过去式还是有一定规律的。一起看一下以下几组动词原形和过去式！看你是否能从中发现一些规律，加油啊！

first group：

stay→stayed       want→wanted         visit→visited         work→worked

enjoy→enjoyed     travel→traveled       need→needed         clean→cleaned  

second group：

like→liked         live→lived         use→used            move→moved 

smile→smiled      hope→hoped       change→changed

third group：

stop→stopped        trip→tripped      drop→dropped           plan→planned

fourth group：

study→studied       carry→carried      hurry→hurried         marry→married 

怎么样，有没有看出这其中的规律呢？以下是这些动词变过去式的规则，看一下和刚才自己总结的规律是不是一样呢？

◆first group：

直接在词尾加-ed。

◆second group：

以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。

◆third group：

以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。

◆fourth group：

 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。

相信同学们总结的一定不错吧!

好了，咱们再看这几个单词及它们的过去式：

do→did         take→took         meet→met         are→were       see→saw

这些都是不符合以上四种变化规则的，也就是我们通常所说的不规则动词的过去式，在英语的学习中，像这样的不规则动词过去式还是非常多的，咱们将在下一期的学习指导材料中集中看看这些动词！

Practice makes perfect

一、小菜一碟，写出下列动词的过去式形式

clean→             finish→             wash→             help→

cook→             phone→             pain→             watch→

listen→             play→              walk→             stay→

invent→            print→              climb→             kiss→

live→              play→              happen→            bump→

二、读一读，判断第1、2、3题是对还是错

A penguin (企鹅)

One day when a policeman walked in the park. He saw a man there. The man hold a penguin. The man said to the policeman, “ I found this penguin this morning. What shall I do with it?”

 “ Take it to the zoo,” said the policeman.

 The next day the policeman saw the man again. He was still holding the peniguin. The policeman said, “ Why didn’t you take the penguin to the zoo?”

 “ I did,” said the man. “ I took him to the zoo yesterday. Today I’m taking him to the cineman.

1. One day when a policeman walked in the park. He saw a woman there.（  ）

2. The policeman found the penguin yesterday.（  ）

3. The man is taking the peniguin to the cineman today.（  ）

三、挑战一把，用动词的正确形式补全对话

Peter: I     （talk）to my father last night?

Mary: Why?

Peter: Because I need some     （money）.

Mary: What do you     （want）to buy?

Peter: I    (want) to buy a story book a week ago. But I want to have a new pencilcase now.

Mary: Oh, I want to get a new pencilcase, too.

Peter: Do you    (have) enough money?

Mary: Yes, I      (save) a lot in the winter holiday.

Peter: Can I borrow your money?

Mary: Certainly.

同学们，对话里玛丽说她的钱是在寒假期间攒的，皮特说一周以前他想买一本故事书，那如果我们要问“玛丽是在寒假里攒钱了吗？” “皮特一周前想要买一本故事书吗？” “玛丽在寒假里攒了什么呢？”或者“皮特一周前想买什么呢？”我们应该怎么说呢？嘿嘿，这些我们也将要在下一期的学习指导材料中给大家讲到——怎么样把过去式的句子变成问句，这些在阅读小短文中可是有提到的哦，同学们可以提前了解一下！