panama最火的:动词的时态易混知识点二

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Jim has gone to London with his family.
  吉姆已和他的家人去了伦敦。
  Have you been to Beijing before?
  你以前去过北京吗?
  The Greens have been in China for two years.
  格林一家在中国已两年了。
  Li Lei's aunt has been at this school for ten years.
  李雷的婶婶已在这个学校十年了。
  The Greens are in China now.,they have been here for half a  year.
  格林一家现在中国,他们在这儿已半年了。
  例  - Hello! May I speak to your father?
  - Sorry,he_____ Hangzhou.
  A.has come to    B.has been to
  C.has been in     D.has gone to
  【解析】本题为打电话场景。句意为:父亲不在,他去杭州了。表示"已去了某地"应用have gone to,故选D。
  易混点五:延续性动词和非延续性动词
  延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作可以延续一段时间,如:live,work,study,teach,stay等;非延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作不能延续,是在短时间里完成的,如borrow,come,arrive,get,leave,die等。
  1.用于完成时的区别
  延续性动词表示经验、经历;非延续性动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
  He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表示结果)
  I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表示经历)
  2.用于till/until从句的区别
  延续性动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……";非延续性动词用于否定句,表示"直到……才……"。如:
  He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点。
  He didn't come back until ten o'clock.他直到10点才回来。
  3.非延续性动词变为延续性动词的方法

 

  易混点六:现在完成时和过去完成时
  1.现在完成时:动作过去发生,对现在有影响。
  2.过去完成时:动作的发生在过去,结束也在过去。如:
  I haven't seen him since he left.(从离开到现在一直没见到)
  I hadn't seen him since he left,but I saw him yesterday.(昨天见到了)
  例
  1 wonder why Jenny _____ us recently.We should have heard from her
  by now.
  A.hasn't written
  B.doesn't write
  C.won't write
  D.hadn't written
  【解析】该题考查动词的时态。由从句中recently和by now两个时间状语判断,前一句应使用现在完成时,故答案为A。句意为:我想知道为什么詹妮最近没有给我们写信。到现在为止我们应该收到她的来信了。答案为A。
  例2
  Helen _____ her keys in the o伍ce 80 she had to wait until her husband_____ home.
  A.has left,comes
  B.1eft,had come
  C.had left,came
  D.had left,would come
  【解析】本题中由于so引导的从句用了过去时,故其前发生的动作应该用过去完成时;so后的句子中又包含了一个由until引导的时间状语从句,且从句动作尚未发生,故用一般过去时表达过去将来的含义。答案为C。