文学研究生就业:英语时态的系统学习和复习

英语与汉语最大之不同就是英语具有时态的语法特点，而汉语则无此项语法内容。此种区别也恐是广大中国学生学习英语的最大障碍之一。莱曼英语始终认为，任何一个庞杂，混乱，使人感到困惑的事物，只要找到其内在的规律，就会较为容易地驾驭和掌握它。英语的时态也不例外。事实上，人人都懂得这个道理。但是，发现一个事物的内在规律就不是嘴上说说那么容易了。

一.时态概论：

所谓的英语时态就是动作发生的时间不同，要用不同的动词形式来表达。因而，英语时态的驾驭和掌握必须以动作发生的时间为根本，进行判断，从而来进行时态的选择。英语中，常用的时态共计十种。根据现行的学校教材安排，英语时态被分成下列三个阶段：

小学：四种

初中：四种（兼顾复习小学所学的四种）

高中：二种

重难点在于各种时态之间的区别，综合运用以及动词形式的记忆。

二.时态分类：

英语时态按下列名称分类为：

         现在时态           过去时态

       一般现在时         一般过去时

       现在将来时         过去将来时

       现在进行时         过去进行时

       现在完成时         过去完成时

       现在将来进行时

       现在完成进行时

以上各时态平起平坐，无任何顺序排列而言。也即，它们是同等的重要和常用，不应厚此薄彼。

三.学习方法：

莱曼英语在多年的教学实践中，一直奉行方法领先的教学原则。在教授英语时态时也不例外。只有这样，才能使学生概念清晰，才能使学生在学完时态以后，娴熟地将其转化为能力。莱曼英语根据英语时态的内在规律，推出英语时态的“五点论”学习方法：

1.含义：每一种时态独有反映其内在规律的含义。

2.中文线索：每一种英语时态都会有相应的中文时间定位。

3.构成：每一种时态都有其独特的构成，或被称为时态句型。

4.助动词：时态不同，助动词也就不同。帮助构成问句和否定句。

5.时态例句：通过例句，掌控不同的时态，使其娴熟起来，区别于其他时态。

四.各时态例句展示：

1.一般现在时：

   I always swim in the afternoon.It is usually sunny.

   He always swims in the afternoon.He feels very relaxed.

2.现在将来时：

   I will swim tomorrow afternoon.I am not going to have any classes.

   He will swim tomorrow afternoon.He is going to have a swimming test.

3.现在进行时：

   I am swimming in the gym with my classmates now.I want to improve my swimming skill.

   He is swimming in the gym with his classmates now.He likes swimming very much.

4.现在完成时：

   I have already swum for nearly an hour. I enjoyed myself very much.

   He has already swum for nearly an hour. He felt a little bit tired.

5.一般过去时：

   I swam yesterday afternoon.I didn't do my homework.

   He swam yesterday afternoon.He had nothing to do at that time.

6.过去将来时：

   I told you just now that I would swim in the gym.You may find me there.

   He said that he he would swim in the gym.And he asked us to meet him there.

7.过去进行时：  

   She asked me if I was swimming in the lake.I said "yes".

   He told us on the phone that he was swimming in the lake.And he wanted to continue.

8.过去完成时：  

   I had already swum for half an hour when he came to the swimming pool.Then he joined us.

   He told me that he had already swum for more than an hour.And he had never relaxed like that.

9.现在将来进行时：

   I will be swimming with my classmates tomorrow afternoon.I can't go to see my grandparents.

   He will be swimming in the sea of Hawaii this time next year.I hope he will have a good time there.

10.现在完成进行时：  

   I have been swimming here for thirty minutes.And more people are coming to join us.

   He has been swimming here for an hour.It seems that he will be in the water for another hour.

以上是莱曼英语为大家粗略总结和对比了一下英语中常见的时态例句。至于各种时态的详尽解说，将安排在下一讲中，希望大家予以关注。