日本黄炎纹身报价:社会主义诚信文化体系的构建及其意义

党的十七届六中全会通过的《关于深化文化体制改革推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣若干重大问题的决定》号召推进社会主义核心价值体系建设,巩固全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想道德基础。强调把诚信建设摆在突出位置,在全社会广泛形成守信光荣、失信可耻的氛围。诚信文化是社会主义文化的重要组成部分和核心价值所在,加强诚信文化及管理体系建设,功在当代、利于千秋,意义重大。

一、诚信文化体系涵盖的主要内容

诚信从狭义上言,是指诚实和信用。从我国的政治制度和社会经济结构状况分析,我国的诚信文化体系建设应包括政府体系、个人体系、社会中介组织体系、企业(法人)体系等主要方面的内容。

政府诚信文化体系建设。我国政治文化的特殊性,决定了政府在社会生活中扮演的角色及特殊地位。政府诚信体系的建设和文化构建,对其他方面起到引导、规范和决定的作用。

——消费诚信问题。政府消费占社会消费总额的20%-30%范畴。庞大的消费总额及政府消费诚信的状态,对于社会的买卖公平起到至关重要的作用。政府消费要严守公开、公平交易的原则,严格建立消费采购征集制度和公示制度、管理制度,不断提高政府消费社会化覆盖面和科学决策能力,使政府的钱花在该花的产品类型和领域上,实现消费理性,确保消费抉择权在阳关下运行。

——投资诚信的建设。各级政府的全局性投资要量力而行,注重国计民生的改善和全面布局的优化、协调与可持续；投资要在阳光下运行,主动接受各级国家权力机关和人民群众、大众传媒的监督。让利性投资要坚持资本的多元化和利益回馈机制的多样化,国有资本不与民间资本争利,更多地把投资运用到纯公共产品的提供上。同时,要坚持国有资本与民间资本享有同等的政策和待遇,不允许投资性特权的衍生和运行,使公平性投资成为投资模式的主旋律。

——管理诚信的建设。政府的强制性、引导性决定了管理诚信的建设关键在政府。要把建立普泛性的依法治国理念作为社会管理诚信的基本价值索求和基础。我国法律体系已形成了较为完整的体系。但刚性的法律条文却在相当程度解决不了道德和伦理层面的价值取向,对违背诚信原则的行为和后果需要建立具体明确的诚信信息登记管理制度和惩戒实施办法。我们须在现有法律框架下,完善和明确一系列条文规章,明确各主体的诚信规范及诚信缺失的惩罚措施,有效维护法律与道德柔性过渡中的基本制度规范,对诚信缺失行为实施与法律惩戒类似并在精神层面高于法律效率的惩处措施。

个人诚信问题。市场经济赋予公民自然人、消费者、投资者几种社会角色。个人诚信体系建设始终要围绕这几个角色来进行。

——从自然人角度理解的诚信问题。即是讲在法律和道德基准上,个人参与经济生活和社会生活,合理定位个人与社会的关系,胸怀全局,富有社会责任感和正义感,讲求公共道德和信用,言出必行,诺而有信,遵纪守法,不作违法乱纪之事,不做损人利己、损公肥私之事,不做损害国家、民族、环境利益之事,不做损毁社会诚信体系大局之事。

——从消费角度理解的诚信问题。一是要全责维护买卖诚信,买卖一旦形成,就要信守承诺,不反悔赖账；即便由于信息不对称而处于消费劣势,也坚持走法制维权的道路,不采取过激行为损害对方整体利益和公众形象。二是在消费者处于劣势的情况下,也应维护买卖秩序,不因一己之利扰乱买卖规则。三是即使上当受骗,也能依托市场管理、公平交易的法律法规以及舆论监督力量妥善解决纠纷。四是杜绝不文明的消费。要建立供需之间相互信任、尊重的和谐供求关系,共同营造消费过程的文明、诚信、让渡、理解和宽容氛围。

——从投资角度理解诚信问题。指个人投资行为要符合法律规定和规则,不参与法律保障范围外的地下投资,个人金融活动严守市场规则,不以讹传讹,混淆视听；不转嫁损失、坑蒙拐骗,从中渔利。处理债权债务时,恪守法律和诚信原则,不因一己之私破坏规则或者毁约。

中介组织诚信建设。按照现代社会“小政府、大社会”以及建立公民社会的管理思路,政府必须从繁复的社会管理事务中解脱出来,把大量的社会协调管理事务交由中介组织来处理。诚信是中介组织存在和发展的基本非物质条件和要求。中介组织包括了民间法律事务、认证鉴定、财务审计、社会评价、社会服务、慈善事业等林林总总涉及社会生活的方方面面内容。政府职能的转换,须以中介组织的充分发育并在社会生活中发挥重要作用为基础。借鉴西方发达社会经验,中介组织应建立并恪守以下行为准则:一是以事实为依据,以法律为准则,自觉接受监督；二是保持中立,公平、正义处理业务,表里一致,不见利忘义,畏强凌弱,偏袒一方；三是建立并严格落实各项公示制度。各类中介组织的行业管理规章、收费标准、业务流程及纠纷处理等涉及该予公示的内容全面向社会公布；建立合理透明的制度内涵、外延行为规则；四是主动接受政府管理部门、行业协会及其他社会监督力量的监督,负责并如实地回应公众的监督、质询、听证。

企业诚信体系的构建。企业既是社会物质产品的供应主体,也是社会诚信制度的主要构建者和载体,对社会诚信制度的维护、实现起到决定性作用。企业诚信体系及价值主体包括:

——企业现代市场营销理念和价值体系的确立。企业现代市场营销理念和价值观是企业界诚信体系的根本所在。企业需要牢固树立“企业、环境和社会和谐均衡共生”的理念。企业的生产活动既要讲求经济效益,也要追求社会效益和环境效益,使企业的发展壮大与社会进步发展、人类文明演进的方向和速率和谐共振。

——真实准确的财务管理制度。企业通过假账和其他非法途径规避国家税费牟取局部利益和小团体利益,是阻碍社会经济良性运行的毒瘤,也是诱发金融和市场风险的主要因素。企业须按照国家的法律和相关规定,建立健全财务会计制度,诚实信用经营,如实反映经营管理状况,杜绝假账和资金的体外循环,确保企业资金流动的安全合法。

——树立国际诚信观念和品牌意识。企业发展壮大的最终目标是国际化和品牌全球化。为此,我国的企业需要建立全球化的视野,学习借鉴以诚信经营为主要价值取向的世界级企业成长壮大、管理的诸多先进经验,形成具有中国特色又符合国际惯例的企业诚信文化和管理模式。

——建立企业信息管理机制。局部研究报告认为,我国企业由于坏账、拖欠款损失和管理失灵造成的平均无效成本,占销售收入的10%左右。这是一项因制度缺失造成的巨大财富浩劫。为扭转这种局面,实现企业的集约化、精细化经营管理,减少非生产和经营性损失,亟待建立立足行业和企业发展方向的信息采集分析预警机制,确保企业生产、经营、管理在良性的信息环境下运行。

二、从制度层面着力建立社会主义诚信体系

建立国家诚信管理体系。从中央到地方各级党委(政府)普遍建立诚信制度监督管理委员会及其附属机构,隶属党委(政府)并会同公安、税务、工商、精神文明工作体系并轨工作,接受人民代表大会和纪律检查委员会监督；依托户籍管理信息系统建立诚信登录监视制度,增设诚信管理奖惩项目,将公民守法、纳税、社会责任、公共道德、家庭伦理等相关内容纳入诚信管理范畴；普遍推行诚信扶助和否决制度；赋予诚信委员会及其工作机构诚信信息采集、甄别、监督、发布及奖惩等相关社会管理职能。

严格诚信监督管理落实兑现制度。建立并全面推行各级诚信工作委员会主导的诚信监督制约工作制度。一是对企业制假造假、以次充好、宣传失实、营销失范等行为进行严格的监控、制裁、公告,形成严密的信息告知和舆论监督制度；二是建立企业与法人并行的惩戒制度,使制度的利剑不仅对实体,更对企业法人、相对层次的管理阶层产生深厚的诚信敬畏；三是对中介组织实施严格的诚信管理和年度审验制度,严厉惩处诚信缺失、渎职行为；四是结合国情并立足责权分布,对各级公职部门负责人、公职人员按照科层管理和属地保障、权利和责任对等管理原则,制定细化的职责守则和诚信规章,逐级建立举报监督核查制度,对违反规则的行为视情节给予程度不等的问责处罚和个人诚信信息登录管理。

实施诚信立法。建议提请全国人大进行诚信制度立法,从国家法律层面确立诚信制度法律地位。或根据各地经济社会发展水平实际,省(区、市)先行制定颁布诚信监督管理试行条例,经过3-5年试行,再在全国全面确立诚信法律制度。（喻安洪 黄明建）

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The party's sixth plenary session through 17 th "about deepening the reform of the cultural system to promote socialist cultural greater development and prosperity on major issues" called on the socialist core value system construction, consolidate the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups together for common moral basis.Emphasis on the construction of good faith in prominent position, in all the social formation and trustworthy glorious, dishonest widely shameful atmosphere.Honesty culture is a socialist important part of culture and core values, to strengthen the honesty culture and management system, GongZaiDangDai, good for years, is of great significance.

A, honesty culture system covers the main content

Good faith from narrow sense says, is refers to the honesty and credit.From our political system and the social economic structure condition analysis, our honesty culture system construction should include government system, personal system, social intermediary organization system, enterprise (legal) system and other main contents.

The government honesty culture system construction.The particularity of our political culture, had decided the government in social life and the role of the special status.The government credit system construction and cultural construction, to other plays a guiding, standard and the role of the decision.

-consumer credit problems.Government spending accounts for 20% of the total amount of social consumption-30% category.The huge consumption amount and government spending the integrity of the state, for society of business fair play a crucial role.Government spending will strictly abide by the principles of open, fair trade, strict procurement system and establish consumption for publicity system, management system, and constantly improve the government consumption socialization and scientific decision coverage ability, so the government to spend money in the flower of product types and field, realize consumption rational, ensure consumer choice right in the sunlight operation.

The construction of good faith-investment.Governments at all levels to follow the global investment, pay attention to the people's livelihood improvement and optimization of the layout of the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable;Investment in the sun to run, active accept various state authority and the people, the mass media supervision.To insist on capital investment profits to the sex and the diversity of interest the diversity of the feedback mechanism, state-owned capital is not with private capital for the levites, the more investment use pure public products to provide.At the same time, we should adhere to the state-owned capital and folk capital enjoys the same policy and the treatment, do not allow the privileges of the derivative and running an investment, equity investment become the main melody of investment mode.

The construction of good faith-management.The government's mandatory, leading to the construction of good faith management key in the government.To establish the sex of the general law concept as a social good faith management of the basic values of demand and the foundation.Our legal system has formed a complete system.But the rigidity of law provisions but in a degree not solve moral and ethical aspects of the value orientation, the principle of good faith for violation of behavior and consequences need to build concrete clear credit information registration management system and the measures for the implementation of retribution.We must be in the existing legislation framework, and perfect and clear a series of provision rules and regulations, all kinds of good faith clear specification and lack of credibility punishment, to effectively protect the law and the morals of the basic system flexible transition specification, to lack of credibility behavior implementation and legal disciplinary similar in spirit and level above the law of the above measures efficiency.

Personal credit problems.Market economy to citizens natural person, consumers, investors several social role.Personal credit system construction always around the few characters.

From the Angle of the natural person-understand credit problems.That is speak in a legal and moral standards, individual participating in the economic life and social life, rational orientation of the relationship between the individual and the society, the mind are global, responsibility and sense of justice, with the public morals and credit, deeds, was a letter, the law, not the breaks, by doing injuries or omitting, SunGongFeiSi, don't do anything to harm the country and the people, the benefit of the environment, do not damage social credit system of the big picture.

From the Angle of understanding-consumer credit problems.One is to maintain full business integrity, trading once formed, will keep promise, not back deadbeat;Even if because of information asymmetry and be in consumer disadvantage, and also adhere to the legal rights of the road, not to take aggressive behavior damage overall interests and other public image.Second, in the consumer at a disadvantage, also should maintain order of buying and selling, and not by the rules and buy and sell one disturbing.Three is even fraud, can also depends on the market management, fair trade laws and regulations as well as the supervision of public opinion forces properly resolve the dispute.Four is put an end to don't civilization consumption.To establish mutual trust and respect between supply and demand of harmonious relations between demand and supply, and work together to build a consumption of civilization, the good faith, the process of the assignment, understanding and tolerance atmosphere.

-on the investment side understand credit problems.To show individual investment behavior must comply with the laws and regulations, does not participate in the scope of legal protection underground investment, personal financial activities adherence to market rules, not embodying, confusing the public;Don't pass on losses, KengMeng abducted, profiting from them.Processing claims and debts, abide by the law and the principle of good faith, not by the YiJiZhiSi broke the rules or break it off.

Intermediary organization construction of good faith.In accordance with the modern society "small government, society" and to build civil society management idea, the government must be from the heavy and complicated social management affairs freed, a large number of social coordination management affairs to intermediary organizations to deal with.Honesty is the intermediary exists and the development of basic immaterial conditions and requirements.Intermediary organizations including the folk legal affairs, the authentication identification, financial audit, social evaluation, social services, charity and Lin Lin always involved in all aspects of the social life of the content.The transformation of the government function, intermediary organizations should fully developed in social life and play an important role for the foundation.The western developed social experience, intermediary organizations shall establish and abide by the following code of conduct: one is based on facts and take the law as the criterion, consciously accept supervision;2 it is neutral, fairness, justice processing business, the list is consistent, not of forgotting, strong fear bullying the weak, partiality;Three is to establish and strictly carry out the system of public.All kinds of intermediary organization industry management regulations, fee standards, business process and dispute resolution, which involve the to the comprehensive public to the public;Set up reasonable transparent system connotation, extension behavior rules;Four is voluntarily accepted the government management department, industry associations and other social supervision power supervision, responsible for response to public supervision and faithfully the questions, the hearing.

Enterprise credit system construction.Enterprise is both social material products supply main body, also is the social credit system construction and the main carrier of social credit system maintenance and realize the play a decisive role.Enterprise credit system and value subject including:

Modern enterprise, market marketing idea and value system establishment.Modern enterprise marketing ideas and values is the fundamentality of corporate credit system.Enterprise need to firmly establish "enterprise, environmental and social harmonious and balanced symbiosis" concept.The enterprise production activities not only wants be particular about economic benefits, also want to pursue social benefits and environmental benefits, make the development and growth of enterprises and social progress and development direction of the development of human civilization and harmonious resonance rate.

-true accurate financial management system.Enterprise through the false account and other illegal means avoid exorbitant taxes and national interests of the part and interest groups, is impeding the social and economic virtuous operation of cancer, is also induce financial and market risk factor.Enterprise shall be in accordance with the state laws and regulations, establish and perfect the financial and accounting system, the good faith management, and truthfully reflect the management status, put an end to false account and capital of extracorporeal circulation, ensure the safety of the enterprise capital flow legal.

-set up the international credibility concept and brand awareness.Enterprise development and expansion of the ultimate goal is the internationalization and brand globalization.For this, our country enterprise need to build a global view, learn from take the good faith management as the main orientation of value to the growing world-class enterprises, management of the many advanced experience, and develop a Chinese characteristics and in conformity with international practice of enterprise honesty culture and management mode.

-building enterprise information management mechanism.Local research report says, our country enterprise due to bad loans, TuoQianKuan loss and management failure caused by the average cost is invalid, accounting for about 10% of the sales income.This is a cause for system lack great wealth to the disaster.To reverse this situation, the realization enterprise of intensive and management company, reduce non-productive and business losses, urgently need to establish based on industry and enterprise development direction of information collection and analysis of early warning mechanism, ensure enterprise production, management, management in benign operation under the information environment.

Second, from a system level to establish socialist credit system

The establishment of a national credit management system.From the central to local party committees at all levels (government) common establish credit system supervision and administration committee and its affiliates, belonging to the party committee (government) and in conjunction with the public security, taxation, industry and commerce, spiritual civilization work system and axle work, accept people's congress and the commission for discipline inspection supervision;Household management information system based on the establishment of good faith login surveillance system, set up the good faith management rewards and punishment project, citizens will abide by the law, tax, social responsibility and public morality and family ethics related contents into the good faith management category;Universal use credit assistance and veto system;Give credit committee and working institutions integrity information collection, identify, supervision, distribute and rewards and punishments, etc. The relevant social management functions.

Strict supervision and management to implement system of good faith.Set up and the full implementation of the good faith working committee at all levels of the leading credit supervision and control work system.The other is for enterprise of producing cheating, shoddy, publicity inaccurate, marketing, lead to a strict behavior monitoring, sanctions, announcement, form the strict supervision of public opinion and information told system;Two is to establish a legal person enterprise and parallel disciplinary system, make the system not only to the sword entity, more of an enterprise as a legal person, relative levels of management produce profound integrity fear;Three is to intermediary organization and implementation of strict credit management and annual compliance system, lack of trust, harshly malpractice;4 it is according to its actual conditions and based on ZeQuan distribution to all levels of office director of the department, a public servant, according to management and safeguard, the dependency of rights and responsibilities equivalence principle of management, formulate detailed rules and regulations duties honesty, establish the supervision and check system level report, in violation of the rules on the degree of accountability to range of punishment and the personal credit information log management.

Implement credit legislation.Suggestions to carry out the credit system of the National People's Congress legislation, from state law level establish credit system legal status.Or according to the local economic and social development level practical, provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) first formulated and promulgated credit supervision and management trial implementation regulations, after 3-5 years of trial, again in the national comprehensive establish credit legal system.(YuAnHong HuangMingJian)