初三英语期末知识点总结与串讲

初三英语语法点简要归纳

一、出现以下词，用do填空：

can , could, may, must, need, had better, why not,
make, have to, let’s, see, hear, watch, notice, Will ( Would ) you please…?

二、出现以下词，用to do 填空：

would like, want, begin, start, hope, decide, ask, wish, have something to do, tell, take time, it’s time, remember, forget, learn, teach, try, stop, plan, adj./疑问词后，take ,allow, encourage, warn, It’s +形容词＋to do something, discuss, know, refuse, invite , get
order, like, offer, lend, make up one’s mind to do, set one’s mind to do, enough, need

三、出现以下词，用doing
填空：

finish, like, enjoy, mind, keep, be busy, there be, do some…, go doing, prevent, be worth, spend,
practice, feel like, thank somebody for doing something ,stop, excuse somebody for doing something, can’t help, prefer…to…,look forward to…hate, mention, have fun doing,介词：at, in , on, of , from, for, about, with, without, ,make a contribution to, be used to, hear, see, watch, notice, listen,

四、基数词的特殊变化

one---first ; two---second; three---third; five---fifth; eight---eighth; nine---ninth; twelve---twelfth; twenty---twentieth; twenty-one---twenty-first

五、代词的变化：

主格―――宾格――所有格(adj.)――所有格（n.）―反身代词

I --------me--------my----------mine-------------myself

you------you--------your-------yours------------yourself

he-------him---------his-------his-------------himself

she------her----------her-------hers-----------herself

it-------it----------its--------its--------- itself

we-------us---------our---------ours------------ourselves

you------you--------your--------yours---------yourselves

they-----them------their--------theirs---------themselves

六、 表示天气的词

1.
sun—sunny
2.
cloud—cloudy

3.
rain—rainy
4.
wind—windy

5.
fog—foggy
6.
mist—misty

7.
snow—snowy
8.
shower—showery

七、表示方向的词

1.
east—eastern—easterner(s)
2south—southern—southerner(s) 3.west—western—westerner(s)
4.north—northern—northerner(s)

八、国家---国家的（人）

1.China—Chinese
2.Japan—Japanese

3.Germany--German
4.Canada—Canadian

5.Sweden—Swedish
6.
Australia--stralian

7. Italy—Italian
8. India—Indian

9.France—French-renchman
10.America—American

九、一些特殊的名词复数及短语

1.
leaf_________________
2.
life_________________

3.
thief_________________
4.
knife_________________

5.
shelf_________________
6.
half__________________

7.roof_________________
8.German_______________

9.sheep________________
10.deer_________________

11.child_________________
12.woman teacher________

13.tooth_________________
14.foot_________________

15.people_______________
16.postman______________

19.boy________________
20.key___________

21.story_______________
22.family______________

23.century_____________
24.baby_______________

26.tomato_______________
27.potato________________

28.radio_________________
29.zoo_________________

30.kilo_________________
31.photo________________

32.businessman_________
33.woman_______________

34.man__________________
35.difficulty____________

36.monkey_____________
37.mouse_______________

十、词型转换（200个）

1.work—worker

2.vent—inventor（人）--invention（物)

3. use—useful-used
4.teach—teacher

5.conduct—conductor
6.care—careful--carefully

7. play—player
8.visit—visitor

9.careless—carelessly—carelessness

10.
clean—cleaner
11.inspect-inspector

12
.wake--awake
13.
speak--speaker

14.piano—pianist
15 .sleep—asleep

16.cook—cook（人）—cooker（物）
17.science—scientist

18.miss—missing
19.dance—dancer

20.art—artist
21.fish--fishing

22.
drive—driver
23.tour—tourist

24.kind—kindness
25.farm—farmer

26.joural—jouralist
27 .nature--natural

28. mange—manger
29.library—librarian

30.cover—discover
31. foreign—foreigner

32.music--musician
33.feather--feathered
34 .
help—helper

36.busy—business--businessman
37.follow--following

38.read—reader
39 .post—postman/postwoman

40.enter—entrance
41. write—writer

42.sit--seat
43.danger--dangerous

44.
run—runner
45.wool--woollen

46.serve--service
47.win—winner

48.lose--lost
49.pride--proud

50. sing—singer
51.worry--worried

52.collect—collection
53.swim—swimmer

54.break--broken
55.produce--production

56.sleep—sleeper
57.fill—filled--full

58.contribute--contribution

59.travel—traveller—traveling

60.reward--rewarding
61.comfort--comfortable

62.climb—climber
63.turn--turning

64.instruct--instruction
65. keep—keeper

66.fly--flight
67.pollute--pollution

68.strange—stranger
69.please—pleased—pleasant--pleasure

70.move--moving
71. wait—waiter

72.know—knowledge
73.appear--appearance

74.jump—jumper
75.meet--meeting

76. disappear--disappearance

77.speak—speaker
78.thank--thankful

79.frighten--frightened
80.
print—printer(物)

81.noise—noisy--noisily
82. life--lifetime

83.sell—seller
84.cross—across--crossing

85.frustrate--frustrated

86.dive—diver
87.ill—illness

88.fire—fireplace
89.own—owner

90.pain--painful
91.tradition--traditional

92. explore—explorer
93thank--thankful

94.decorate—decorator--decoration

95.surf—surfer—surfing

96.help--helpful
97 .confident--confidence

98.help—helper
99.wonder—wonderful--wonderfully

100.different--difference

101. begin—beginner
102. colour—colourful

103.importanrt--importance

104.paint—painter

105.beauty—beautiful—beautifully

106.good--goodness

107.rob—robber--robbery

108.forget--forgetful
109.person—personal

109.active—activity--actively

110.congratulate—congratulation

111.think—thought

112.decide—decision 113.breathe—breath

14.review—revision
115.describe—description
116.possible—impossible
117.late--later

118.discuss—discussion

119.celebrate—celebration
120.dry—drought

121.enjoy—enjoyable
122.air—airport
123.lone--lonely
124.fun—funny

125.live—lively--alive
126.train—training

127.educate—education

128.love—lovely
129.clear—clearly

130.slow—slowly
131.exact—exactly
132.final—finally

133.quick—quickly
134.happy—happily
135.heavy—heavily

136.near—nearly
137.real—really
138.sad—sadly--sadness

139.quiet—quietly
140.silent—silently
141.polite—politely
143.safe—safely—safety

144.luck—lucky—luckily—unlucky

145.usual—usually—unusual
146.health—healthy—healthily

147.success—successful—successfully
148.excite—excited—exciting

149.interest—interested—interesting
150.surprise—surprised—surprising

151.amaze—amazed—amazing
152.bore—boring

153.grate—grateful(近)thankful

154.dark—darkness

155.park—parking
156.treat—treatment
157.cross—across—crossing

158.boat—boating
159.salt—salty
160.home—homework

161.house—housework
163.check---check-out
164.begin—beginning

165.lie—lying

166.die—dying
167.friend—friendly—friendship

168.most—mostly
169.die—dead—death
170.especial—especially

171.fail—failure
172.probable—probably
173.realize—realization

174.rail—railway
175.shy—shyly—shyness
176.space—spaceship

177.high—highly—height
178.one—first—once
179.two—second—twice

180.bear—born—birth
181.relax—relaxed
182.true—truly—truth

183.name—named
184.call—called
185.bright—brightly

186.sudden—suddenly
187.direct—directly
188.wide—widely

189.volley—volleyball
190.foot—football
191.base—baseball

192.give—given
193.harm—harmful
194.neat—neatly

195.build—builder—building
196.deep—deeply
197.correct—correctly

198.hard—hardly
199.marry—married
200.mean--meaning

十一、不规则形容词和副词的比较级及最高级：

1.good—better—best
2.well—better—best
3.much—more—most
4.many—more—most
5.bad—worse—worst
6.badly—worse—worst

7.ill—worse—worst
8.far—farther—farthest
9.old—older—oldest

10.old—elder—eldest
11.little—less—least

十二、动词时态的句子结构及关键词：

一般现在时：

句子结构：肯定句
主语＋be (am, is, are ) +其他

否定句
主语＋be
not +其他

疑问句
Be＋主语＋其他

或： 肯定句 主语＋动词原型＋其他
( 第三人称单数作主语动词要加“s” )

否定句 主语＋don’t+动词原型＋其他（第三人称单数作主语don’t改为doesn’t）

疑问句
DO+主语＋动词原型＋其他（第三人称单数作主语do改为doess）

关键词：sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday afternoon, at 10 o’clockin the morning, five days a week, three times a month等。

注：在时间壮语从句、条件壮语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来时，这时一般从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时

现在进行时：

句子结构：肯定句 主语＋be +动词的现在分词＋其他

否定句 主语＋be not+动词的现在分词＋其他

疑问句 Be +主语＋动词的现在分词＋其他

关键词：now, right now, at the moment, It’s+几点钟等的句子。或look, listen, keep quiet等提示语。

一般将来时：

句子结构： 肯定句 主语＋will+动词原型＋其他

否定句 主语＋will not +动词原型＋其他

疑问句
Will +主语＋动词原型＋其他

(will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall)

关键词：tomorrow,
tomorrow morning,
at seven o’clock tomorrow evening,
next year,

at ten o’clock next Sunday,
this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days’ time, in the future 等。

一般过去时：

句子结构：肯定句 主语＋be（was，were）＋其他

否定句 主语＋be not＋其他

疑问句
Be＋主语＋其他

或：
肯定句
主语＋动词的过去式＋其他

否定句
主语＋did not＋动词原型＋其他

疑问句
Did＋主语＋动词原型＋其他

关键词：yesterday，yesterday morning等，last week, last year, at the end of last term,

一段时间＋ago如：ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004,
in the 1980s等。

Just now，in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等。

过去进行时：

句子结构: 肯定句 主语＋was/were+动词的现在分词＋其他

否定句 主语＋was/were not ＋动词的现在分词＋其他

疑问句 Was/Were + 主语＋ 动词的现在分词＋其他

关键词：具体时间＋过去的时间壮语 如：at ten o’clock yesterday morning,
at this time last Sunday等。

现在完成时：

句子结构：肯定句 主语＋have/has+动词的过去分词＋其他（第三人称单数用has）

否定句 主语＋have/has not+动词的过去分词＋其他

疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 ＋ 动词的过去分词＋其他

关键词：already, yet, just, ever, never ，so far, for +一段时间，since＋过去的时间或过去时从句。或this year alone“今年以来”，these five years alone“这五年以来”，in the last ten years “在过去的十年中”等。

过去将来时：

句子结构§ ： 肯定句 主语＋ would＋ 动词原型＋其他

否定句 主语＋ would not + 动词原型＋ 其他

疑问句 Would+主语＋动词原型＋其他

(would可改为was/were going to ,主语第一人称时would可用should)

过去将来时主要用在宾语从句中。

过去完成时：

句子结构： 肯定句
主语＋had ＋ 动词的过去分词＋其他

否定句
主语＋had not +动词的过去分词＋其他

疑问句
Had＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他

关键词：by＋过去某一时间点 如：by last year, by the end of+过去某一时间点 如：by the end of last year, before+过去某一时间点,by the time +从句，或宾语从句中。