海尔深圳分公司:[神马语法]高中版:高考英语语法突破-句子成分、结构和反义疑问句(3)

    
    反义疑问句
    
    （The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
    
    1.陈述部分肯定式 + 疑问部分否定式
    
    They work here, don’t they?
    
    She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?
    
    2.陈述部分否定式 + 疑问部分肯定式
    
    You didn’t go, did you?
    
    He can’t ride a bike, can he?
    
    请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：
    
    1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
    
    I’m as tall as your sister, aren't I?
    
    I am a student, aren’t I
    
    2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语
    
    I wish to have a word with you, may I?
    
    3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
    
    The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
    
    Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
    
    There are few apples in the basket, are there?
    
    He can hardly swim, can he?
    
    They seldom come late, do they?
    
    She rarely speaks to you in English, does she?
    
    4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
    
    He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
    
    5)陈述部分有 have to + v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
    
    We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
    
    They had to cross the busy street, didn’t they?
    
    6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语。
    
    He used to take pictures there, didn't he?
    
    7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
    
    You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
    
    You’d better get up early, hadn’t you?
    
    8)陈述部分有would rather + v.疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
    
    He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
    
    9)陈述部分有You'd like to + v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
    
    You‘d like to go with me, wouldn't you?
    
    10)must在表示"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
    
    He must be a doctor, isn't he?
    
    You must have studied English for three years, haven't you?
    
    He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
    
    It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
    
    11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
    
    What colors, aren't they?
    
    What a smell, isn't it?
    
    12)陈述部分由neither…nor, either…or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
    
    Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
    
    Either you or he is right, isn’t he?
    
    13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词 everything, that, this nothing, 疑问部分主语用 it 。
    
    Everything is ready, isn't it?
    
    14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
    
    a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
    
    As Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
    
    b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
    
    He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
    
    He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
    
    c. 上述部分主句谓语是I ;we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
    
    I don't think he is bright, is he?
    
    We believe she can do it better, can't she?
    
    15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
    
    Everyone knows the answer, don't they?　(does he?)
    
    Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
    
    Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they?
    
    Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?
    
    Nobody will go, will they?
    
    16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
    
    We need not do it again, need we?
    
    He dare not say so, dare you?
    
    17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
    
    Don't do that again, will you?
    
    Go with me, will you / won't you ?
    
    注意:Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
    
    Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
    
    Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
    
    Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?
    
    18)陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
    
    There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
    
    There will not be any trouble, will there?
    
    There were many people in the room then, weren’t there?
    
    19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
    
    It is impossible, isn't it?
    
    He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
    
    6.  反义疑问句的回答用yes，no 但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。
    
    -They don’t work hard, do they?
    
    -Yes, they do.
    
    -不， 他们工作努力。
    
    -No, they don’t.
    
    -对， 他们工作不努力。
    
    （二）[基础过关]
    
    The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______?
    
    a. wasn’t it  b. was it  c. didn’t we  d. weren’t we
    
    答案A
    
    对过去的否定。
    
    Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now, ______?
    
    a. hasn’t he b. has he c. shouldn’t he d. didn’t you
    
    答案C
    
    解析：对should的否定。
    
    3.David told me that you would take a trip to America, ______?
    
    a. would you b. wouldn’t you c. did you d. didn’t you
    
    答案B
    
    解析：对于would的否定。
    
    4.There appeared to be no better way, _______?
    
    a. was there b. were there c. did there d. didn’t there
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对一般过去的否定。
    
    5.You had some trouble finding where I live, ______?
    
    a. didn’t you b. hadn’t you c. do I d. don’t I
    
    答案A
    
    解析：对一般过去的否定。
    
    6.He has his hair cut every month, ______?
    
    a. has he b. hasn’t he c. does he d. doesn’t he
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对一般现在的否定。
    
    7.Your friend needs to come earlier, ______?
    
    a. does he b. doesn’t he c. need he d. needn’t he
    
    答案B
    
    解析：对need的否定。
    
    8.The little boy dare not go to church, ______?
    
    a. dare he b. daren’t he c. does he d. doesn’t he
    
    答案A
    
    解析：对dare的否定。
    
    9.Susan’d have worked abroad if she’d had the chance, ______?
    
    a. has she b. hadn’t she c. would she d. wouldn’t she
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对would否定。
    
    10.Everyone’s having a good time, ______?
    
    a. is he b. isn’t everyone c. does he d. aren’t they
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对现在进行的否定。
    
    （三）[能力提高]
    
    1.You must have made the mistake, ______?
    
    a. mustn’t you b. haven’t you c. didn’t you d. hadn’t you
    
    答案B
    
    解析：对于must否定。
    
    2.Learning how to repair computers takes a long time, ______?
    
    a. isn’t it b. aren’t they c. doesn’t it d. don’t they
    
    答案C
    
    解析：对于一般现在时的否定。
    
    3.Jack has coffee with breakfast, ______?
    
    a. hasn’t Jack b. hasn’t he c. doesn’t Jack d. doesn’t he
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对于一般现在时的否定。
    
    4.They must have stayed at hotel last night, ______?
    
    a. mustn’t they b. haven’t they c. didn’t they d. hadn’t they
    
    答案C
    
    解析：对于must否定。
    
    5.There isn’t anything wrong with the radio, ______?
    
    a. is there b. is it c. does it d. does there
    
    答案A
    
    解析：对现在时there be的否定。
    
    6.You must be hungry, ______?
    
    a. must you b. mustn’t you c. are you d. aren’t you
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对于must否定。
    
    7.Let’s do the exercises by ourselves, ______?
    
    a. shall we b. shan’t we c. will you d. will we
    
    答案A
    
    解析：对于Let否定。
    
    8.Her daughter had the carpets and curtains cleaned, ______?
    
    a. had she b. hadn’t she c. didn’t she d. didn’t her daughter
    
    答案C
    
    解析：对过去式否定。
    
    9.The teacher had a talk with you, ______?
    
    a. has you b. hadn’t she c. did she d. didn’t she
    
    答案D
    
    解析：对过去式否定。
    
    10.Something’ll have to be done about the air pollution, ______?
    
    a. won’t it b. will it c. has it d. does it
    
    答案A
    
    解析：对will反义。