成都特产去哪里买便宜:脑部神经的三维图象

脑部神经的三维图像 

ScienceDaily (Oct. 28, 2010) — A team of researchers at the Eindhoven University of Technology has developed a software tool that physicians can use to easily study the wiring of the brains of their patients. The tool converts MRI scans using special techniques to three-dimensional images. This now makes it possible to view a total picture of the winding roads and their contacts without having to operate. Researcher Vesna Pr?kovska defended her PhD thesis on this subject last week.

科学日报（2010年10月29日） 埃因霍温科技大学的一个研究团队开发了一个软件工具，通过它医生能够方便地研究患者的大脑神经。该工具使用特殊的技术将核磁共振成像转化为三维图像。这使得无需通过手术观察弯曲路径的总图以及它们的联系成为可能。研究者Vesna Pr?kovska于上周发表了关于这一问题的博士论文。

To know accurately where the main nerve bundles in the brain are located is of immense importance for neurosurgeons, explains Bart ter Haar Romenij (professor of Biomedical Image Analysis, at the Department of Biomedical Engineering). As an example he cites 'deep brain stimulation', with which vibration seizures in patients with Parkinson's disease can be suppressed. "With this new tool, you can determine exactly where to place the stimulation electrode in the brain. The guiding map has been improved: because we now see the roads on the map, we know better where to stick the needle." The technique may also yield many new insights into neurological and psychiatric disorders. And it is important for brain surgeons to know in advance where the critical nerve bundles are, to avoid damaging them.

 

对神经外科医生来说要准确地知道大脑中的主要神经束在什么地方是件极为重要的事情， Bart ter Haar Romenij (生物工程学院生物医学图像分析教授)解释说。举例来说，比如利用脑深部电极刺激技术，帕金森氏症患者的癫痫可以得到抑制。有了这个新工具，您可以准确地确定在大脑何处放置刺激电极。指导地图已经进行了改进：因为我们现在看到地图上的道路，我们更了解在哪里刺针。该技术还可以获得许多神经疾病和精神疾病的新见解。而且，重要的是脑外科医生可以事先知道关键神经束在哪里，以避免损坏它们。

The accuracy of the tool is a great step forward. Especially intersections of nerve bundles were difficult to identify till now. Ter Haar Romenij: "You can now see for the first time the spaghetti-like structures and their connections." We are far from seeing all brain connections; there are many more smaller compounds in the brains, who are not seen by the new tool. A microscope observed them. "But you cannot, of course, dissect a live patient into slices for under a microscope," the professor smiles.

该工具的准确性是一个巨大的进步。神经束，特别是交叉口的至今都难以辨认。Ter Haar Romenij：“现在你可以首先看到意大利面状结构和它们的连接。”我们还远远没有看到所有的大脑连接，大脑里还有许多更小的不为新工具所发现的化合物。显微镜能够观察到它们。 “但是，当然了，你不能将病人解剖成片在显微镜下观察。”教授笑着说。

The tool was developed by TU/e researcher Anna Vilanova, with her PhD students Vesna Pr?kovska, Tim Peeters and Paulo Rodrigues. A demonstration of the package can be found on YouTube (see link below). The tool is based on a recently developed technology called HARDI (High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging). The MRI measuring technique for HARDI was already there, the research team took care of the processing, interpretation and interactive visualization of these very complex data, so that doctors can get to work.

该工具是由 TU/e研究员 Anna Vilanova和她的博士生Vesna Pr?kovska、Tim Peeters and、Paulo Rodrigues.博士研发的。在YouTube上可以找到一个软件包（见以下链接）。该工具是基于新近开发的称为HARDI（高角分辨率扩散成像）的技术。核磁共振成像测量技术已经是现成的了，研究小组已经关注到这些非常复杂的数据的解释和交互可视化的过程，以便使医生可以开始工作。

Bart ter Haar Romenij expects that the tool can be ready at relatively short notice for use in the hospital within a few years. "We need to validate the package. We now need to prove that the images match reality." Also, there is still work to do on the speed of the corresponding MRI scan. For a detailed view, a patient needs to be one hour in the scanner, which is too long. Moreover, the tool is already widely in use by other scientists, says the professor.

Bart ter Haar Romenij 盼望未来几年该工具可以在获得一个相对短的许可后在医院内使用 “我们需要验证程序包。我们现在需要保证形象符合现实。”此外，在与之相应的MRI 扫描仪速度方面还有工作要做。要想进行详细的观察，一位病人需要在扫描仪上呆上一个小时，这太长了。此外，这一工具也被其他科学家广泛用于其他地方。教授说。

The research was supported by NWO (Dutch Organization for Scientific Research). The thesis of Vesna Pr?kovska is titled: High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging, Processing & Visualization. She graduated on October 20, 2010.

该研究是NWO（荷兰科学研究组织）支持的。该论文的题目是Vesna Pr?kovska：高角分辨率弥散成像，处理和可视化。她毕业于2010年10月20日。