接见美国总统特朗普:2011年高考英语考点之基础题精品练习题（一）

2011年高考英语考点之基础题精品练习题（一）

  基础题，人人会做，显不出优势；高难题，人人不会做，拉不开距离；陷阱题，表面看起来很容易，所需知识也不一定很难，但其中隐含机关，预设陷阱，尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力，但由于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等，可能自认为捡了个大便宜，而实际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。不信你就看看下面几道题：

1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.

A. that                                                      B. what

C. that that                                               D. what what

仔细想想看，选A还是选B？请给出你的决定——未作决定之前请不要往后看！你的分析可能是这样的：

选项C和D 不太可能是正确答案，因为像这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况一般不可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以只能选B了。

事实是：如果你选A，肯定错了；如果你选B，那也错了。此题最佳答案是 D，其中第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。假若去掉句末的meant，则答案就是B了。

分析有道理吗？有点启发吗？你可要客观地评价噢！请再看一题：

2. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

A. it, it                                                     B. what, what

C. it, what                                                D. what, it

这次可要想好！请拿定主意，选C还是选D？未作决定之前请不要往后看！你的分析可能是这样的：

此题既不选C，也不选D，而是选A。因为两处的空格均填形式主语it。

事实上，你又错了。此题的最佳答案是C：第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire；而第二空应填 what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。有点收获吧，再请做做以下类似试题：

(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.

A. it, it                                                     B. what, what

C. it, what                                                D. what, it

(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.

A. it, it                                                     B. what, what

C. it, what                                                D. what, it

答案选什么，估计你不会选错了，你若还不放心，请往本书后面有关去找找，那里有明确的答案。对此有兴趣吗？那就再看一题吧！

3. Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.

A. you’re convenient        B. it is convenient for you

C. you feel convenient       D. it is convenient with you

先仔细想好，看选项A和C哪个更佳，当然也可能A和C都不对，答案在B、D当中。不过，主意你自己拿。我猜你的答案不是A就可能是C，因为你可能将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient了。

其实最佳答案是B，因为英语中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”，而是表示“使人感到方便的”，所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”，英语通常 if it is convenient for [to] you，其中的介词可用 for 或 to，但一般不用 with。顺便说一句，偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be convenient的主语，但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点：句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，如：

Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。

The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。

怎么样，再看最后一题：

4. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that                                                      B. which

C. where                                                  D. what

此题该选哪个答案？你可能毫不犹豫地选了B，是吗？你的想法很可能是：around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

对不起，还是错了。最佳答案应是C。你的分析并不算太错，但问题是，照你的分析，此句的意思便是：有没有这样一家医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

类似的例子我们就不再罗列了，您若对此有兴趣，您若觉得您在这方面还比较薄弱，您若觉得这些知识对您还有必要，请继续往下读，后面的内容会更丰富、更精彩。当然，您若对此没有兴趣，或者您已是这方面的高手，建议您最好别看了，耽误了您不少时间，实在抱歉！

冠词考点

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帅哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”

A. the, the                                                B. the, 不填

C. 不填, the                                             D. 不填, 不填

【陷阱】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为A。在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。如：

(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，其前可用定冠词。如：

The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。

(2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。如：

What’s the English for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?

(3) 当在语言名词后加上 language一词时，也要用冠词。如：

There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。

2. I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.

A. a, the                                                   B. a, 不填

C. 不填, a                                                D. 不填, 不填

【陷阱】容易误选D，因为星期名词前不加冠词；而 at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜，其中也不用冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为B。确实，在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下还是可以用冠词的，如表示特指，其前可用定冠词；表示“某一个”或受描绘性定语修饰表示“某种”这样的意义等，其前可用不定冠词。如：

He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日来，星期一就走了。

My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。

3. Which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?

A. a, a                                                      B. 不填，不填

C. a, 不填                                                D. 不填，a

【陷阱】误选A或B，认为hair(头发)和beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多，要么都可数，要么都不可数，或者说要么都用不定冠词，要么都不用。

【分析】最佳答案选D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同：hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说 There’s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词（集合名词）时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较：

He has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。

He has gray hair. 他满头白发了。

而beard 则通常只用作可数名词，且指的是一个人所有的胡须，而不是指一根胡须，它的复数形式，通常是指多个人的胡须，而不是指多根胡须，如：

He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。

Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。

4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.

A. a, a                                                      B. an, an

C. a, an                                                    D. an, a

【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。

【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a，因为 one-act 的读音是[??????]，它的第一个音是辅音不是元音；第二空填an，是因为 11的英文是 eleven[??????]，它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是 C 不是其他：

(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.

A. a, a                                                      B. an, an

C. a, an                                                    D. an, a

(2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.

A. a, an                                                    B. an, a

C. a, a                                                      D. an, an

5. “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”

A. a, the                                                   B. the, the

C. a, a                                                      D. the, a

【陷阱】误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen，即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题：

“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”

A. a, the                                                   B. the, the

C. a, a                                                      D. the, a

此题的最佳答案是 A不是C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子：

“Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”

A. a; a                                                      B. a; the

C. the; the                                                D. the; a

此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。

6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.

A. a, a                                                      B. a, the

C. the, a                                                   D. the, the

【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选A)：

(1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.

A. a, a                                                      B. a, the

C. the, a                                                   D. the, the

(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.

A. a, a                                                      B. a, the

C. the, a                                                   D. the, the

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again.

A. the, the                                                B. 不填，不填

C. the, 不填                                             D. 不填，the

2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.

A. a, the                                                   B. a, 不填

C. 不填, the                                             D. 不填，不填

3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.

A. a, a                                                      B. a, the

C. 不填，不填                                         D. a, 不填

4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.

A. on the Sunday                                       B. on a Sunday

C. on Sunday                                            D. at a Sunday

5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.

A. the, the                                                B. the, a

C. the, 不填                                             D. a, the

6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.

A. the, a                                                   B. the, 不填

C. a, 不填                                                D. 不填, the

7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.

A. the, 不填                                             B. a, 不填

C. 不填, 不填                                         D. the, the

8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.

A. the, 不填                                             B.不填，不填

C. the, a                                                   D. an, the

9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.

A. one a                                                   B. the one       C. one     D. a one

10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.

A. 不填, 不填                                         B. the, a

C. 不填, the                                             D. the, 不填

11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.

A. 不填；the                                           B. 不填；a

C. the；不填                                            D. the; a

12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.

—Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.

A. the; 不填                                             B. 不填; the

C. the; the                                                D. a; a

13. “What about ______ school?” “It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.”

A. a; the                                                   B. the; a

C. a; a                                                      D. the; the

14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.

A. 不填, 不填                                         B. the, 不填

C. the, the                                                D. 不填, the

15. “Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.”

A. an; the                                                 B. a; the

C. the; a                                                   D. an; a

16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.

A. the; 不填                                             B.不填; 不填

C. the; the                                                D.不填；the

17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.

A. the, an                                                 B. a, 不填

C. the, the                                                D. 不填, the

18. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.

A. the, the                                                B. a, the

C. the, a                                                   D. a, a

19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in peace.

A. 不填, 不填                                         B. The, an

C. The, 不填                                            D. 不填, an

20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?

— Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.

A. a; 不填                                                B. the; 不填

C. the; the                                                D. a; the

【答案与解析】

1. 选D，big city life 表泛指，其前不用冠词；country 表示“农村”时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。

2. 选B，success 在此指“成功的事”，为可数名词；out of danger（脱离危险）为习语，其中不用冠词。

3. 选A，其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”，为可数名词。

4. 选B，Sunday 前用不定冠词，表示“某一个”。

5. 选C，kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。

6. 选B，当概括事物的种类时，用定冠词，不用不定冠词；另外in danger of 是短语，不用冠词。

7. 选 A。on the phone 和 at work 均为习语，其中一个带冠词，一个不带冠词。

8. 选 B。unemployment 和 work 均为不可数名词，表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。

9. 选 D。a one bedroom apartment 意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。

10. 选B。the young 意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物；第二空填不定冠词修饰名词 topic。

11. 选 A。over [on] the telephone 为习语，意为“通过电话”；若用 by telephone 则不用冠词，类似地，by letter（通过信件）也不用冠词。

12. 选D。第一空后的most不是构成最高级，而是表示“很”、“十分”，故其前用a；第二空也填a，该句为 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。

13. 选B。第一空填the，表特指；第二空填a，表泛指，as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意为“与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学”。

14. 选A。used computers 与 years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思，其前不用冠词。

15. 选D。NBA中的 N 读音为 [??]，即前面一个音为元音，故填an不填a；第二空填a表泛指，泛指任何一场比赛。

16. 选A。介词by表示“以…计”时，若后接单数可数名词，其前要用定冠词，如：by the week 按周，按星期 / by the ton 按吨 / by the yard 按码 / by the meter 按米；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词，如：by volume 按体积 / by weight 按重量。

17. 选B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词，但其前却可用不定冠词，表示某种程度的知识，有类似some的意思；第二空不填冠词，是因为trade 为不可数名词，表示泛指时不用冠词。

18. 选B。序数词前通常用定冠词，表示特指（如第一空）；有时也用不定冠词，表示原有数量上的增加（如第一空）。

19. 选B。原则上说，专有名词前不用冠词，但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词，表特指，即指“那时的英国”；第二空填不定冠词，表示具有某种特征。

20. 选C。Are they missing? 中的代词they 是一个很重要的信息词，它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫，所以C。the black and white cat 可视为 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若选A，则表示“一只黑白相间的猫”。