虚拟语气与习题

8) 在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有were, had, should, 在书面语中可省去if ,将were等提到主语前，形成倒装。
Should there be a good film tomorrow. I would go to the theatre with you.
Were it not for your help. I wouldn' t be succeed.
例1：Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though out of the office.
　　A. went　B. gone　C. to go　D. would go
[答案] C. to go
[注释] as though或as if引导的状语从句中, 从句主语和主句主语相同时, 从句中可省略主语和部分谓语, 如：1) She paused, as if to let the painful memories pass. (省略she wanted)2) From time to time Jason turned round as though searching for someone. (省略he were)3) The boy started, as if awakened from some dream. (省略he were)由此可见,本题中省略she wanted。　　[译文]克里斯蒂愤怒地盯了老板一眼并转过身去，似乎想走出办公室。
例2: I'd rather you by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
　　A. would go　B. should go　C. went　D. had gone
[答案] C. went
[注释]主语+would rather后接宾语从句,从句中谓语须用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示希望现在或将来实现的行为或状态,用过去完成时表示希望过去实现的行为或状态。本题中原因状语从句用一般现在时,暗示希望现在或将来发生的行为动作,故选C. went。
[译文]我宁愿你乘火车去，因为我无法想象在如此恶劣的天气你呆在飞机里。
例3: For the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.
　　A. Had it not been　B. Were it not　C. Be it not　D. Should it not be
[答案] A. Had it not been
[注释]本题测试交错时间的虚拟语气。从句是表示过去时间的虚拟条件，if省略，主语it与助动词had倒装。虚拟条件句也可写成这样：If it had nor been for the timely investment from the general public。这是重点句型，在各类测试中常考。
[译文]要不是老百姓的及时投资，我们的公司不会像现在这样兴旺。
例4: The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, all practical value by the time they were finished.
　　A. could lose　B. would have lost 　C. might lose　D. ought to have lost
[答案] B. would have lost
[注释]从句是省略if的虚拟条件句,谓语部分倒装,故主句谓语为would have+过去分词。
[译文]所涉及到的数百万次计算，如果用手工操作，到它们完成时已失去全部实用价值。
例5: A safety analysis the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.
　　A. would identify 　B. will identify
　　C. would have identified　D. will have identified
[答案] C. would have identified
[注释]过去时间的虚拟语气表示过去要做而没有做的事。
[译文]一次安全隐患分析本来会确认这个目标是潜在的危险。不幸的是，这样的分析从未做过。
例6: In the past men generally preferred that their wives in the home.
　　A. worked　B. would work　C. work　D. were working
[答案] C. work
[注释]因为prefer(宁愿)是欲例7: When Edison died, it was proposed that the American people all power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.
　　A. turn off　B. turned off　C. would turn off　D. had turned off
[答案] A. turn off
[注释] propose是欲望动词,后接的宾语从句或主语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气：should+动词原形或直接用动词原形。
[译文]爱迪生去世时，有人建议，为纪念这位伟人美国人民应关掉家中、街上和工厂里的全部电源几分钟。
例8: I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
　　A. offend　B. had offended　　C. should have offended　D. might have offended
[答案] B. had offended
[注释]本题测试交错时间的虚拟条件句。was暗示，事情发生在过去，所以虚拟条件句中的谓语动词应该用表示过去时间的虚拟形式。
[译文]假如我曾经冒犯过你，我现在向你道歉，但我向你保证，这不是故意的。
例9: The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.
　　A. had to be printed　B. should have been printed
　　C. must be printed　D. should be printed
[答案] D. should be printed
[注释]因为urgent是欲望形容词,在句中作形式宾语it的补足语,所以宾语从句中的谓语需用虚拟语气:(should)+动词原形(主动态或被动态)。
[译文]董事会认为，迫在眉睫的是马上把这些档案印出来望动词,其后所接的宾语从句中谓语需用(should)+动词原形。
[译文]过去男子一般都愿意他们的妻子在家里工作

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例10: There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, a sudden loud noise.　　A. being there 　B. should there be　C. there was 　D. there having been
[答案] B. should there be
[注释] should there be表示虚拟条件句中将来时间的谓语形式, if省略,所以should与there倒装。
[译文]要是有一声巨响，这些动物会受到惊吓，这是有现实可能性的。
虚拟语气强化训练 
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.
A. would be  B. would have been  C. were  D. may be
2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were  B. Had the captain been
C. Should the captain be  D. If the captain would have been
3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should call   B. should not have been able 
C. were not able   D. are not able
4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.
A. may get  B. might get  C. should have called  D. maybe get
5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave   B. Was he leaving 
C. Were he to leave   D. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was  B. H7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____________our chairman now.
A. must have been  B. would have been  C. were  D. would be
8. ____________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of  B. But for  C. Because of  D. As for
9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your advice
A. follow  B. would follow  C. had followed  D. have followed
10. If the horse won today, it _____________ thirty races in five years.
A. would have won  B. won  C. must have won  D. did have won
11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.
A. being there  B. should there be  C. there was  D. there having been
12. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d______ there by now.
A. be  B. circles  C. is circling  D. be circling
13. I wish I ___________ with her.
A. would be  B. am  C. was  D. were
14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I________to it.
A. had not gone  B. have not gone  C. did not go  D. can not have gone
15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, ____________________.
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire  B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a 16. The teacher suggested that her students _____________ experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their  B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her  D. had written any compositions for his
17. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______________a Chinese.
A. were  B. had been  C. is  D. has been
18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______________ away for ages.
A. has been  B. was  C. is  D. had been
19. Most insurance agents would rather you ___________ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.     A. do  B. don’t   C. didn’t  D. didn’t do
20. It is important that the TOEFL office ________ your registration.
A. will confirm  B. confirm  C. confirms  D. must confirm
21. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology __________.
A. will not have been achieved  B. have not been achieved
C. would not have been achieved  D. had not been achieved
22. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ____________a Chinese.
A. were  B. had been  C. is  D. has been
23. It is time that the government ______________measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
A. takes  B. took  C. has taken  D. taking
24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ________ all diplomas from elementary school to university.
A. has  B. will have  C. should have  D25. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.
A. would come  B. came  C. would have come  D. had come
26. If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it now.
A. would tell  B. will tell  C. have told  D. would have told
27. I had hoped that John _______ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.
A. spends  B. spent  C. would spend  D. will spend
28. It’s high time they____________ this road.
A. mend  B. mended  C. must have mended  D. will mend
29. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. take  B. took  C. have taken  D. will take
30. He’s working hard for fear that he_____________ .
A. should fall behind   B. fell behind     C. may fall behind   D. would fall behind
31. In the past men generally preferred that their wives_______________ in the home.
A. worked  B. would work  C. work  D. were working
32. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child _____ psychologically ready for the new idea.
A. is  B. were  C. be  D. would be
33. Your advice that_____________ till next week is reasonable.
A. she waits  B. she wait  C. wait she  D. she waited
34. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.
A. sing  B. singed  C. had signed  D. were signing
35. I advised that the sick child ________ a hospital as soon as possible.
A. should send to        B. should be sent      C. be went to       D. must be sent to
  36. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ________ be 20 percent.
   A. be raised     B. would be raised  C. raised       D. raise
37. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules.
   A. obeys      B. obey      C. will obey      D. would obey
38. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of
   good to her.   A. takes     B. must take       C. take       D. took
39. If only I ________ driving before.  
A. learn     B. learned    C. had learned   D. would learn
40. ________ she ________ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.
A. If, didn’t leave  B. Had not, left C. Hadn’t, left D. Didn’t, leave
高考虚拟语气
1. --- If he _____, he _____ that food.
   --- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.  (93 N)
   A. was warned … would not take B. had been warned … would not have taken
   C. would be warned … had not taken D. would have been warned … had not taken
 2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.  (94 N)
   A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____. (95 N)
   A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
 4. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.  (96 N)
   A. drove … didn’t get B. drove … wouldn’t get
   C. were driving … wouldn’t get D. had driven … wouldn’t have got
 5. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _____ something she would regret later.   (96 上海)    A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said
6. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.  (01上海春季)
  A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored
7. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank?   (01 上海)
  A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
  C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
8. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.  (02 上海)
  A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen    C. should fall D. were to fall
9. _____ be sent to work there?  (02 上海)
  A. What do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should
  C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you 10. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden!  (02 上海春季)
   A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
11. --- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?
--- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.  (05江苏卷)
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

虚拟语气强化训练
答案1 ~ 20:  ABABC  DDBCA  BADAC  AADDB  21 ~ 40:  CDBCC  ACBBA  CCBAC  ABCCC
高考虚拟语气：  
 Keys: BDCDD  DCBAB  B

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