南京南站怎么做三号线:做PPT时常犯的6个错误

译者：ZturnLynn

One of the editors here at Lifehack, Chris Smith, frequently writes about technology. As I was reading some of his recent articles, I was influenced to write a tech article of my own, so here it is.

　　Chris Smith是Lifehack的编辑之一，他常常写些技术贴。看了他最近的一些贴子，受之影响我自己也写了篇技术贴，就是你现在正在看的。

So, you are sitting in a company meeting and the presenter puts up the first slide. You are probably thinking to yourself,“Oh no, not another Powerpoint presentation – BORING!”

　　那么假设你在公司开会，主持人打开了第一张幻灯片。你大概会暗想：“哦不，怎么又是这样的PPT演示文稿，真没劲！”

Unfortunately, most people who use Powerpoint, Keynote or other similar software for making slide presentations completely abuse the technology. Instead of using these programs to enhance their presentations, they end up putting their audiences to sleep instead.

　　很不幸，大部分用PPT、Keynote或其他软件做幻灯片演示的人都是滥用技术。他们用这些程序不仅没为自己的演讲增色，反而使观众昏昏欲睡。

I’ve been guilty of abusing this technology myself when I first started using Powerpoint as a product marketing manager. Originally, the intent was to replace the use of cumbersome overhead slides and when I realized just how easy it was to create new slides with a computer program, like everybody else, I just went crazy with it.

　　我在当产品营销经理时开始接触PPT，现在我为自己当时滥用技术而感到内疚。使用PPT原本是为了避开麻烦的高射投影幻灯片，但当我意识到我可以像别人一样轻松做出一张新幻灯片时，我就爱上它了。

I’m still using Powerpoint these days in my talks and seminars but fortunately after seeing many others make the same mistakes that I did with their presentations, I took it upon myself to get some training on how to best use this tool. To help you out with your own presentations, I have identified six major mistakes that most Powerpoint users make and how you can avoid them.

　　现在我演讲时仍然使用PPT，不过幸亏发现了许多人在演讲时犯些我也会犯的错，所以我答应自己要做些训练来了解如何充分利用这个工具。为了给你的演讲带来些帮助，我总结了大部分PPT使用者常犯的6个错误以及如何避免的方法。

1 – Text Too Small

1 — 文字太小

Quite often, the text used on slides is much too small to read once projected on a screen. A good test to use is go to the back of the room where the furthest audience member would be sitting before you do your presentation.  Put on the slide with the smallest sized text. If you can’t make out the text easily, then neither will any audience member sitting in the back of the room. You will have to make your text size larger (I would suggest at least 35-40 font size minimum). Also, it is a good idea to use sans-serif fonts like Arial (rather than serif fonts like Times Roman) on slides since they are easier on the eyes on a screen.

　　投影到屏幕上的幻灯片文字常常都太小了。你可以这么来测试，走到房间的后面，也就是在你演讲时观众坐的最远的位置，打开有最小尺寸文字的幻灯片，如果你不能轻松看清，那么观众也一样。你就必须调大字体尺寸（我建议最小的字体也至少要35-40号）。此外，在幻灯片上用像Arial那样的无衬线字体（优于像Times Roman那样的衬线字体）也是个好方法，在屏幕上它们更容易被眼睛识别。

2 – Too Much Text

Another major mistake that many people make is trying to fit in too much text on any single slide. It is a nightmare for audiences when they see a slide jammed full of text. If audience members start reading all the text on such a slide, they will not be able to listen to you as the speaker at the same time. A good rule of thumb to use is have no more than four to five bullet points per slide (I often use just three points) and no more than five words per point. If you have more bullet points, divide them up on separate slides.

3 – Reading Off Each Word

A sure sign of an ineffective presenter is when he or she looks at the screen and reads off every last word up on the slides. From a presentation skills point of view, this is bad because the presenter loses eye contact with the audience. You also don’t want the audience to have to look at your backside all the time. Again, limit the number of words on each bullet point so that you can speak more naturally by expanding on what is actually on each slide.

　　当他/她看着屏幕照念幻灯片上的每一个字，这显然是无能的演讲者的标志。从演讲技能角度来看这很糟糕，因为演讲者失去了和观众的目光接触。你也不想观众不得不一直看着你的背吧。再次重申，限制每一个要点的字数，这样你在对每一页的内容具体是什么进行扩展的时候会更加自然。

4 – Abusing The Bells And Whistles

4 — 滥用附属功能

Another indicator of an inexperienced Powerpoint user is when too many of the fancy functions from the program are used in the presentation. This would include the use of too many different slide transitions, animations, sound effects, etc. You are not there to impress the audience with your vast knowledge of the different bells and whistles that Powerpoint has. These can get rather tiring on the audience. Keep things simple and remember that the slides are there to enhance your verbal presentation, not the other way around.

　　演示文稿中用太多程序里的高级功能是无经验PPT使用者的另一个标志。包括使用太多不同的翻页变化、动画、音效等等。你在那儿并不是为了给观众展示PPT有多少华丽的附属功能。这会让观众感觉疲倦。简单点，记住幻灯片是为了让你的演讲效果更佳，而不是适得其反。

5 – Ineffective Use Of Images

It is true that a picture is worth a thousand words and images can definitely enhance your presentation. The key is to use them to illustrate major points you are making. Don’t have too many images on any single slide. I usually use just one image per slide. Make sure the image is good enough quality by testing it out on a wall or screen first. Sometimes images that look fine on your computer monitor may end up looking bad when blown up on a wall. Also, make sure any images you use are relevant to the points you are making during your presentation. Don’t just put up images for the sake of having pictures up there. There must be some obvious connection between the images you use and the points you are trying to make.

　　一张图片比得上一千个字，并能为你的演讲加分，这是事实。关键是利用图片来说明你的主要观点。每一张幻灯片上不要放太多的图片。通常每页我只放一张图片。先投影到墙上或者屏幕上看看，以确保每张图片的质量。有些图片在电脑显示器上看起来挺好，但投影到墙上后效果就很差。此外，保证演示文稿里你用的每一张图片都和你的要点有关。别为了放图片而放图片。你用的图片和你的观点之间应该有显然的联系。

6 – Not Having Backups

Technology is technology. This means that it can fail when least expected. I’ve had to resort to using somebody else’s laptop when my own failed. It was a good thing that I had a backup copy of my Powerpoint file on a flash drive. From a speaker point of view, it is also a good idea to be able to deliver your presentation without the slides just in case of projector failure. I often bring some props to use in case I have to do a sudden version of my talk without slides and yes, I have had to do this in one or two cases.

　　技术就是技术。这意味着它可能在你最想不到的时候出差错。我就曾经在自己的笔记本电脑不能用时转借别人的。还好我的U盘里有PPT文件的备份。从一个演讲者的角度来看，在投影仪坏掉的时候不用幻灯皮进行演讲也不错。我常带着小道具以备不时之需，比如突然要进行没有幻灯片的演说。是的，已经发生过一两次这样的情况了。

So there you have it. If you can avoid just these six major mistakes that many presenters make out there, the effectiveness of your presentations will be increased dramatically. After you have created them, rehearse your presentations in advance with the slides, as your efforts will make you appear to be a more professional presenter in front of audiences.

　　现在你都知道了。如果你能避免这6个许多演讲者会犯的错误，你演讲的效果就会大大提高。在你做好演示文稿后，提前排演排演，因为你的努力将会让面前观众看到一个更专业的演讲者。