偶看新闻作文中华魂1000字:被动语态运用
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/04/30 01:12:18
被动语态运用
标签：成老师中考英语
成老师小班教学
中考英语语法
教育
分类：中考专线
1、运用情况口诀：
主语是谁不知道，说出主语没必要；
宾语部分要强调，被动语态就用到。
2、构成: be done
一语道破：时态完全由be来决定，done为不变量。
1）一般现在时…is／am／are done…
2）现在进行时…is／am／are being done…
3）现在完成时…has／have been done…
4）一般过去时…was／were done…
5）过去进行时…was／were being done…
6）过去完成时…had been done…
7）一般将来时…be going to/will／shall be done…
8）过去将来时…would be done…
9）情态动词 …can/may/must be done…
10）感官动词和使役动词 make/let/see/watch/notice/hear sb. do
sb be made/let/watched/noticed/heard to do
3、双宾语的被动语态： give/teach/show/lend sb. sth. ; buy/make sb. sth.
sb. be given/taught/showed/lent sth. by…
sth. be given/taught/showed/lent to sb. by
sb. be bought/made sth. by…
sth. be bought/made for sb. by…
4、by被替代的情况
be acquainted/covered/equipped/pleased/satisfied/crowded/filled with …
be amazed/astonished/startled/surprised/shocked/disappointed/frightened at…
be dressed/interested/absorbed/engaged in…
be accustomed/used/devoted/known/married/obliged/engaged to …
注意: 1、be engaged in sth\doing sth. 从事于；be engaged to 与…订婚
2、被动式+with+工具；被动式+by+动作的发出者。例如：
Bill was killed by the man.
Bill was killed with a gun.
The table was covered by Mr. Wang with a piece of cloth.
5、使役和感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。
The teacher made me go out of the classroom. 老师逼我走出教室。
I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）.
We saw him play football on the playground. 我们看见他在草场踢球。
He was seen to play football on the playground.
6、当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。例如：
They let the strange go.他们放陌生人走了。
The strange was let go.
7、“连根拔起”：短语动词是一个整体，变为被动语态时不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
例如：
My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾。
Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。
8、表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。记住下列句型：
It is believed/expected/reported/said/suggested/thought/acknowledged that……
It is said that… 据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that… 大家认为
It is suggested that… 据建议
It is taken granted that… 被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家决定
It must be remembered that… 务必记住的是
9、不用被动语态的情况
1). 要想正确地使用被动语态，就必须记住只有及物动词或短语才能有被动语态，因为只有它们才有宾语。所以务必注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的；特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。如appear, die，disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有被动语态。
比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
The price has been risen. （错）
The price has risen. （对）
The accident was happened last week. （错）
The accident happened last week. （对）
The price has raised. （错）
The price has been raised. （对）
Please seat. （错）
Please be seated. （对）
2). 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：
This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只配这把锁。
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你说的与我们听说的一致。
3). 系动词无被动语态。如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：
It sounds good. 听上去不错。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
4). 带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death, dream/dream， live/life等，以及反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态。例如：
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。
We live a happy life.
He died a great death.
10、主动形式表示被动意义。
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：
The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：
I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。
Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。
3）在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4）特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood （使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例如：
Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。
8、被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married等。例如：
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
下列虽是被动形式，但没有被动意思：
be used to sth/doing sth. 习惯于
be accustomed to sth./doing sth.
be devoted to sth/doing sth. 献身于
be absorbed in sth/doing sth. 专心于
be acquainted with sb.\sth 熟悉
be opposed to sth/doing sth. 反对
be made up of sth. 由……组成
be wounded 受伤
be located 位于
be accustomed to sth/doing sth. 习惯于
be dedicated to sth/doing sth. 致力于
be engaged in sth/doing sth. 从事于
be concerned about sth/sb. 关心
be supposed to do sth. 应该
be seated 就座
be dressed 穿着
be inclined to do sth. 倾向于
9、need/want/require/worth doing sth.
当need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时, 表示的是被动意义。例如：
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
标签：成老师中考英语
成老师小班教学
中考英语语法
教育
分类：中考专线
1、运用情况口诀：
主语是谁不知道，说出主语没必要；
宾语部分要强调，被动语态就用到。
2、构成: be done
一语道破：时态完全由be来决定，done为不变量。
1）一般现在时…is／am／are done…
2）现在进行时…is／am／are being done…
3）现在完成时…has／have been done…
4）一般过去时…was／were done…
5）过去进行时…was／were being done…
6）过去完成时…had been done…
7）一般将来时…be going to/will／shall be done…
8）过去将来时…would be done…
9）情态动词 …can/may/must be done…
10）感官动词和使役动词 make/let/see/watch/notice/hear sb. do
sb be made/let/watched/noticed/heard to do
3、双宾语的被动语态： give/teach/show/lend sb. sth. ; buy/make sb. sth.
sb. be given/taught/showed/lent sth. by…
sth. be given/taught/showed/lent to sb. by
sb. be bought/made sth. by…
sth. be bought/made for sb. by…
4、by被替代的情况
be acquainted/covered/equipped/pleased/satisfied/crowded/filled with …
be amazed/astonished/startled/surprised/shocked/disappointed/frightened at…
be dressed/interested/absorbed/engaged in…
be accustomed/used/devoted/known/married/obliged/engaged to …
注意: 1、be engaged in sth\doing sth. 从事于；be engaged to 与…订婚
2、被动式+with+工具；被动式+by+动作的发出者。例如：
Bill was killed by the man.
Bill was killed with a gun.
The table was covered by Mr. Wang with a piece of cloth.
5、使役和感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。
The teacher made me go out of the classroom. 老师逼我走出教室。
I was made to go out of the classroom （by the teacher）.
We saw him play football on the playground. 我们看见他在草场踢球。
He was seen to play football on the playground.
6、当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。例如：
They let the strange go.他们放陌生人走了。
The strange was let go.
7、“连根拔起”：短语动词是一个整体，变为被动语态时不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
例如：
My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾。
Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。
8、表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。记住下列句型：
It is believed/expected/reported/said/suggested/thought/acknowledged that……
It is said that… 据说
It is reported that… 据报道
It is believed that… 大家相信
It is hoped that… 大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知
It is thought that… 大家认为
It is suggested that… 据建议
It is taken granted that… 被视为当然
It has been decided that… 大家决定
It must be remembered that… 务必记住的是
9、不用被动语态的情况
1). 要想正确地使用被动语态，就必须记住只有及物动词或短语才能有被动语态，因为只有它们才有宾语。所以务必注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的；特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。如appear, die，disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有被动语态。
比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
The price has been risen. （错）
The price has risen. （对）
The accident was happened last week. （错）
The accident happened last week. （对）
The price has raised. （错）
The price has been raised. （对）
Please seat. （错）
Please be seated. （对）
2). 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：
This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只配这把锁。
Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 你说的与我们听说的一致。
3). 系动词无被动语态。如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：
It sounds good. 听上去不错。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
4). 带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death, dream/dream， live/life等，以及反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态。例如：
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。
We live a happy life.
He died a great death.
10、主动形式表示被动意义。
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：
The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：
I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。
Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。
3）在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4）特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood （使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例如：
Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。
8、被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married等。例如：
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
下列虽是被动形式，但没有被动意思：
be used to sth/doing sth. 习惯于
be accustomed to sth./doing sth.
be devoted to sth/doing sth. 献身于
be absorbed in sth/doing sth. 专心于
be acquainted with sb.\sth 熟悉
be opposed to sth/doing sth. 反对
be made up of sth. 由……组成
be wounded 受伤
be located 位于
be accustomed to sth/doing sth. 习惯于
be dedicated to sth/doing sth. 致力于
be engaged in sth/doing sth. 从事于
be concerned about sth/sb. 关心
be supposed to do sth. 应该
be seated 就座
be dressed 穿着
be inclined to do sth. 倾向于
9、need/want/require/worth doing sth.
当need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时, 表示的是被动意义。例如：
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。