偶看新闻香港队名单:管道用英语单词
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The Human Factor in Estimating
Introduction
Section One—SHOP FABRICATION OF PIPE AND FITTING
Section Introduction
Shop Handling Scheduled Pipe for Fabrication
Shop Handling Heavy Wall Pipe for Fabrication
Shop Handling Large O. D. Pipe for Fabrication
Notes On Pipe Bends
Standard Types of Bends
Pipe Bends—Schedule 20 to 100 Inclusive
Pipe Bends—Schedule 120, 140 and 160
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—45° or Less
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—Over 45° to 90° Inclusive
Pipe Bends—Large O. D. Sizes
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type
General Welding Notes
Butt Welds—Inert Gas Shielded Root Pass
Machine Butt Welds
Manual Butt Welds—Scheduled
Manual Heavy Wall Butt Welds
Manual Large O. D. Butt Welds
90° Welded Nozzles
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
45° Welded Nozzles
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
Concentric Swedged Ends
Eccentric Swedged Ends
End Closures—Pressure Type
Heavy Wall End Closure—Pressure Type
Large O. D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds
‘Olet Type Welds
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Machine Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Machine Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Machine Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type
Machine Beveling Pipe—"U" Type, "V" Type and Double Angle
Beveling Heavy Wall Pipe
Beveling Large O. D. Pipe
Threading Pipe—Including Cut
Welded Carbon Steel Attachments
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Machining Inside of Pipe
Machining Inside of Large O. D. Pipe
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes
Installing Flow Nozzles
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating Large O. D. Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating 90° Nozzle Welds
Preheating Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall
Local Stress Relieving—Large O. D. Sizes
Full Furnace Stress Relieving and Heating Treatment
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall
Radiographic Inspection—Large O. D. Sizes
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Flanged Ends
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Plain or Beveled Ends
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Heavy Wall
Access Holes
Miscellaneous Fabrication Operations
Man Hours Per Foot of Cylindrical Coil Fabrication Bending Only
Section Two—FIELD FABRICATION AND ERECTION
Section Introduction
Handing and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Scheduled
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Heavy Wail
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Large O. D. Size
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Scheduled
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Heavy Wail
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Large O. D. Sizes
Making on Screwed Fittings and Valves
Field Handling Valves
Field Erection Bolt-Ups
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type
General Welding Notes
Manual Butt Welds—Schedule
Manual Butt Welds—Heavy Wall
Manual Butt Welds—Large O. D. Sizes
90° Welded Nozzles
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
45° Welded Nozzles
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
Concentric Swedged Ends
Eccentric Swedged Ends
End Closures—Pressure Type
Heavy Wall End Closures—Pressure Type
Large O. D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds
‘O let Type Welds
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type
Flame Beveling Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Threading Pipe—Including Cut
Welded Carbon Steel Attachments
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Machining Inside of Pipe
Machining Inside of Large O. D. Pipe
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes
Installing Flow Nozzles—Holding Ring Type
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating Large O. D. Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating 90¾ Nozzle Welds
Preheating Large O. D. 90¾ Nozzle Welds
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall
Local Stress Relieving—Large O. D. Sizes
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall
Radiographic Inspection—Large O. D. Sizes
Hydrostatic Testing—Scheduled
Hydrostatic Testing—Heavy Wall
Hydrostatic Testing—Large O.D. Sizes
Access Holes
Instrument and Control Piping
Soldered Non-Ferrous Fittings
PVC—Plastic Pipe
Saran Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 30 or 40 Rubber-Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 40 Lead Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Flanged Cast Iron Cement Lined Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 40 Cement Lined Carbon Steel Pipe with Standard Fittings
Double Tough Pyrex Pipe and Fittings
Overhead Transite Pressure Pipe—Class 150
Section Three—ALLOY AND NON-FERROUS FABRICATION
Section Introduction
Shop Handling Pipe for Fabrication
Handle and Erect Fabricated Spool Pieces
Handle and Erect Straight Run Pipe
Pipe Bends
Attaching Flanges
Make-Ons through 12 inch
Handle Valves through 42-in
Field Erection Bolt-Ups
All Welded Fabrication
Flame Cutting or Beveling
Machine Cutting and Beveling Pipe
Threading Pipe
Welded Attachments and Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Local Stress Relieving
Radiographic Inspection
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection
Hydrostatic Testing
Access Holes
Section Four—PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL
INSTRUMENTATION
Section Introduction
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Pressure Gauges
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Pressure Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Temperature Instruments—Local Mounted
Thermometers and Thermowells
Thermometers and Thermowells
Thermowells and Thermocouples
Relief Valves—Screwed
Relief Valves—Flanged
Relief Valves—Flanged
Pneumatic Flow Transmitters
Flow Indicating Transmitters, Flow Recorders and Flow Controllers
Pneumatic Liquid Level Transmitters
Control Panel Installation
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments
Section Five—UNDERGROUND PIPING
Section Introduction
Machine Excavation
Hand Excavation
Rock Excavation
Shoring and Bracing Trenches
Disposal of Excavated Material
Backfilling and Tamping
Underground 150 Lbs. B. & S. Cast Iron Pipe
Underground Vitrified Clay and Concrete Pipe
Socket Clamps for Cast Iron Pipe
Pipe Coated with Tar and Field Wrapped by Machine
Section Six—HANGERS AND SUPPORTS
Section Introduction
Hangers and SupportsSection Seven—PAINTING
Section Introduction
Surface Area of Pipe for Painting
Sand Blast and Paint Pipe
Section Eight—PATENT SCAFFOLDING
Section Introduction
Erect and Dismantle
Section Nine—INSULATION
Section Introduction
Indoor Thermal Type
Insulation—Hot Pipe
Section Ten—SAMPLE ESTIMATE
Section Introduction
Sample Job Estimate Form
Shop Fabrication—Carbon Steel
Shop Fabrication—Alloy
Field Erect—Shop Fabricated Piping
Field Fabricate and Erect—Screwed
Field Fabricate and Erect—Welded
Erect Valves—Screwed and Flanged
Hangers and Supports
Sandblast and Paint Pipe
Insulation
Hand Excavate
Underground Piping
Estimate Summary
Section Eleven—TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Section Introduction
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Heavy Wall
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Large O. D. Sizes . . .
Weights of Piping Materials—General Notes
Weights of Piping Materials—1"
Weights of Piping Materials—1 1/4"
Weights of Piping Materials—1 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—2"
Weights of Piping Materials—2 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—3"
Weights of Piping Materials—3 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—4" .
Weights of Piping Materials—5"
Weights of Piping Materials—6"
Weights of Piping Materials—8"
Weights of Piping Materials—10"
Weights of Piping Materials—12"
Weights of Piping Materials—14"
Weights of Piping Materials—16"
Weights of Piping Materials—18"
Weights of Piping Materials—20"
Weights of Piping Materials—24"
Hanger Load Calculations—General Notes
Hanger Diagram
Table of Weights
Hanger Load Calculations
Minutes to Decimal Hours-Conversion Table
Introduction
Section One—SHOP FABRICATION OF PIPE AND FITTING
Section Introduction
Shop Handling Scheduled Pipe for Fabrication
Shop Handling Heavy Wall Pipe for Fabrication
Shop Handling Large O. D. Pipe for Fabrication
Notes On Pipe Bends
Standard Types of Bends
Pipe Bends—Schedule 20 to 100 Inclusive
Pipe Bends—Schedule 120, 140 and 160
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—45° or Less
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—Over 45° to 90° Inclusive
Pipe Bends—Large O. D. Sizes
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type
General Welding Notes
Butt Welds—Inert Gas Shielded Root Pass
Machine Butt Welds
Manual Butt Welds—Scheduled
Manual Heavy Wall Butt Welds
Manual Large O. D. Butt Welds
90° Welded Nozzles
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
45° Welded Nozzles
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
Concentric Swedged Ends
Eccentric Swedged Ends
End Closures—Pressure Type
Heavy Wall End Closure—Pressure Type
Large O. D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds
‘Olet Type Welds
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Machine Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Machine Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Machine Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type
Machine Beveling Pipe—"U" Type, "V" Type and Double Angle
Beveling Heavy Wall Pipe
Beveling Large O. D. Pipe
Threading Pipe—Including Cut
Welded Carbon Steel Attachments
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Machining Inside of Pipe
Machining Inside of Large O. D. Pipe
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes
Installing Flow Nozzles
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating Large O. D. Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating 90° Nozzle Welds
Preheating Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall
Local Stress Relieving—Large O. D. Sizes
Full Furnace Stress Relieving and Heating Treatment
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall
Radiographic Inspection—Large O. D. Sizes
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Flanged Ends
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Plain or Beveled Ends
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Heavy Wall
Access Holes
Miscellaneous Fabrication Operations
Man Hours Per Foot of Cylindrical Coil Fabrication Bending Only
Section Two—FIELD FABRICATION AND ERECTION
Section Introduction
Handing and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Scheduled
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Heavy Wail
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Large O. D. Size
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Scheduled
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Heavy Wail
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Large O. D. Sizes
Making on Screwed Fittings and Valves
Field Handling Valves
Field Erection Bolt-Ups
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type
General Welding Notes
Manual Butt Welds—Schedule
Manual Butt Welds—Heavy Wall
Manual Butt Welds—Large O. D. Sizes
90° Welded Nozzles
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
45° Welded Nozzles
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds
Large O. D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced
Concentric Swedged Ends
Eccentric Swedged Ends
End Closures—Pressure Type
Heavy Wall End Closures—Pressure Type
Large O. D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds
‘O let Type Welds
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type
Flame Beveling Pipe—Large O. D. Sizes
Threading Pipe—Including Cut
Welded Carbon Steel Attachments
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Machining Inside of Pipe
Machining Inside of Large O. D. Pipe
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes
Installing Flow Nozzles—Holding Ring Type
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating Large O. D. Pipe Butt Welds
Preheating 90¾ Nozzle Welds
Preheating Large O. D. 90¾ Nozzle Welds
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall
Local Stress Relieving—Large O. D. Sizes
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall
Radiographic Inspection—Large O. D. Sizes
Hydrostatic Testing—Scheduled
Hydrostatic Testing—Heavy Wall
Hydrostatic Testing—Large O.D. Sizes
Access Holes
Instrument and Control Piping
Soldered Non-Ferrous Fittings
PVC—Plastic Pipe
Saran Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 30 or 40 Rubber-Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 40 Lead Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings
Flanged Cast Iron Cement Lined Pipe and Fittings
Schedule 40 Cement Lined Carbon Steel Pipe with Standard Fittings
Double Tough Pyrex Pipe and Fittings
Overhead Transite Pressure Pipe—Class 150
Section Three—ALLOY AND NON-FERROUS FABRICATION
Section Introduction
Shop Handling Pipe for Fabrication
Handle and Erect Fabricated Spool Pieces
Handle and Erect Straight Run Pipe
Pipe Bends
Attaching Flanges
Make-Ons through 12 inch
Handle Valves through 42-in
Field Erection Bolt-Ups
All Welded Fabrication
Flame Cutting or Beveling
Machine Cutting and Beveling Pipe
Threading Pipe
Welded Attachments and Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments
Local Stress Relieving
Radiographic Inspection
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection
Hydrostatic Testing
Access Holes
Section Four—PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL
INSTRUMENTATION
Section Introduction
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type
Pressure Gauges
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Pressure Instruments—Local Mounted
Pneumatic Temperature Instruments—Local Mounted
Thermometers and Thermowells
Thermometers and Thermowells
Thermowells and Thermocouples
Relief Valves—Screwed
Relief Valves—Flanged
Relief Valves—Flanged
Pneumatic Flow Transmitters
Flow Indicating Transmitters, Flow Recorders and Flow Controllers
Pneumatic Liquid Level Transmitters
Control Panel Installation
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments
Section Five—UNDERGROUND PIPING
Section Introduction
Machine Excavation
Hand Excavation
Rock Excavation
Shoring and Bracing Trenches
Disposal of Excavated Material
Backfilling and Tamping
Underground 150 Lbs. B. & S. Cast Iron Pipe
Underground Vitrified Clay and Concrete Pipe
Socket Clamps for Cast Iron Pipe
Pipe Coated with Tar and Field Wrapped by Machine
Section Six—HANGERS AND SUPPORTS
Section Introduction
Hangers and SupportsSection Seven—PAINTING
Section Introduction
Surface Area of Pipe for Painting
Sand Blast and Paint Pipe
Section Eight—PATENT SCAFFOLDING
Section Introduction
Erect and Dismantle
Section Nine—INSULATION
Section Introduction
Indoor Thermal Type
Insulation—Hot Pipe
Section Ten—SAMPLE ESTIMATE
Section Introduction
Sample Job Estimate Form
Shop Fabrication—Carbon Steel
Shop Fabrication—Alloy
Field Erect—Shop Fabricated Piping
Field Fabricate and Erect—Screwed
Field Fabricate and Erect—Welded
Erect Valves—Screwed and Flanged
Hangers and Supports
Sandblast and Paint Pipe
Insulation
Hand Excavate
Underground Piping
Estimate Summary
Section Eleven—TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Section Introduction
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Heavy Wall
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Large O. D. Sizes . . .
Weights of Piping Materials—General Notes
Weights of Piping Materials—1"
Weights of Piping Materials—1 1/4"
Weights of Piping Materials—1 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—2"
Weights of Piping Materials—2 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—3"
Weights of Piping Materials—3 1/2"
Weights of Piping Materials—4" .
Weights of Piping Materials—5"
Weights of Piping Materials—6"
Weights of Piping Materials—8"
Weights of Piping Materials—10"
Weights of Piping Materials—12"
Weights of Piping Materials—14"
Weights of Piping Materials—16"
Weights of Piping Materials—18"
Weights of Piping Materials—20"
Weights of Piping Materials—24"
Hanger Load Calculations—General Notes
Hanger Diagram
Table of Weights
Hanger Load Calculations
Minutes to Decimal Hours-Conversion Table