电位器接线图:低沉的男声利于女性记忆

In a series of two experiments, Smith and colleagues show that memory in women is sensitive to male voice pitch, a cue important for mate choice because it can indicate genetic quality as well as signal behavioral traits undesirable in a long-term partner. These could include antisocial traits and lack of emotional warmth for example. In order to evaluate potential partners, women appear to rely on their memories to rapidly provide information about the attributes and past behavior of potential partners.

     在一系列的两项实验中，史密斯和他的同事研究表明女性的记忆对男性的音调是很敏感的，并且在配偶选择中暗示是很重要的，因为暗示可以表明一个长期的合作者的基因质量以及显著的不良行为特征。这些可能包括反社会的特征，例如缺乏情感温暖。为了评估潜在的合作伙伴，女性似乎依靠她们的记忆迅速的提供有关特征和潜在的合作伙伴的过去行为的信息。

In the first experiment, 45 women were initially shown an image of a single object while listening to the name of the object spoken either by a high or low pitch male or female manipulated voice. They were then shown two similar but not identical versions of the object and asked to identify the one they had seen earlier. The women were also asked which voice they preferred.

    在第一项试验中，让45名女性看一个单个物品的图片，边听着高或低的音调男或女操作过的声音读出来的物体的名称。然后她们会被给出两个相似的但是并不完全相同的物体的版本，并且去辨别出她们之前看到的那一个。这些女性也会被问到她们更喜欢哪一个声音。

In the second experiment, as well as manipulated voices, the researchers used real male and female voices to test how 46 new women rated the voices and how they scored on object memory.

     在第二项试验中，同样是操作过的声音，这些研究人员使用了真实的男性或女性的声音来测试另外46名女性是怎样评估这些声音以及怎样记忆这些物体的。

In both cases, the authors found that women had a strong preference for the low pitch male voice and remembered objects more accurately when they have been introduced by the deep male voice.

    在这两种情况下，作者发现女性更偏爱低音男性的声音，并且当听到低沉的男性声音介绍的时候她们能更准确地记住物体。

Smith concludes: "Our findings demonstrate that women's memory is enhanced with lower pitch male voices, compared with the less attractive raised pitch male voices. Our two experiments indicate for the first time that signals from the opposite-sex that are important for mate choice also affect the accuracy of women's memory."

    史密斯总结道：“我们的发现证明了相比缺乏吸引力的高音男声，低音男性声音更能加深女性的记忆。我们的两项实验首次表明了异性的信号在择偶中是非常重要的，并且影响女性记忆的准确度。”

Dr. Kevin Allan, who supervised the research, said, "We think this is evidence that evolution has shaped women's ability to remember information associated with desirable men. Good memory for specific encounters with desirable men allows women to compare and evaluate men according to how they might behave in different relationship contexts, for example a long-term committed relationship versus a short-term uncommitted relationship. This would help women to pick a suitable partner, and that's a particularly important ability to have because the costs of poor mate-choice decisions can be severe."

    指导了这项研究的凯文.艾伦博士说：“我们认为这表明了进化已经让女性具备了记住理想男性相关信息的能力。对于具体遇见的理想男士，好的记忆力使女性能够根据男性在不同人际关系环境中的表现来比较评价他们，判断这个人究竟是想要一段长期稳定的关系还是一段“露水姻缘”。这有助于女性选择一个合适的伙伴，并且是一个特别重要的能力，因为选择不适合的伴侣要付出相当大的代价。”

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