宜昌市交警支队孔小勇:奥巴马总统在与中国青年见面会上的讲话（下）

Remarks by President Barack Obama at Town Hall Meeting with Future Chinese Leaders
Museum of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
November 16, 2009
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And yet the success of that engagement depends upon understanding——on sustaining an open dialogue, and learning about one another and from one another. For just as that American table tennis player pointed out—— we share much in common as human beings, but our countries are different in certain ways.
I believe that each country must chart its own course. China is an ancient nation, with a deeply rooted culture. The United States, by comparison, is a young nation, whose culture is determined by the many different immigrants who have come to our shores, and by the founding documents that guide our democracy.
Those documents put forward a simple vision of human affairs, and they enshrine several core principles —— that all men and women are created equal, and possess certain fundamental rights; that government should reflect the will of the people and respond to their wishes; that commerce should be open, information freely accessible; and that laws, and not simply men, should guarantee the administration of justice.
Of course, the story of our nation is not without its difficult chapters. In many ways -- over many years —— we have struggled to advance the promise of these principles to all of our people, and to forge a more perfect union. We fought a very painful civil war, and freed a portion of our population from slavery. It took time for women to be extended the right to vote, workers to win the right to organize, and for immigrants from different corners of the globe to be fully embraced. Even after they were freed, African Americans persevered through conditions that were separate and not equal, before winning full and equal rights.
None of this was easy. But we made progress because of our belief in those core principles, which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. That is why Lincoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation, conceived in liberty, and "dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal" could long endure. That is why Dr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and ask that our nation live out the true meaning of its creed. That's why immigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunity is available to all who would work for it; and why someone like me, who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voting in some parts of America, is now able to serve as its President.
And that is why America will always speak out for these core principles around the world. We do not seek to impose any system of government on any other nation, but we also don't believe that the principles that we stand for are unique to our nation. These freedoms of expression and worship—— of access to information and political participation —— we believe are universal rights. They should be available to all people, including ethnic and religious minorities ——whether they are in the United States, China, or any nation. Indeed, it is that respect for universal rights that guides America's openness to other countries; our respect for different cultures; our commitment to international law; and our faith in the future.
These are all things that you should know about America. I also know that we have much to learn about China. Looking around at this magnificent city —— and looking around this room—— I do believe that our nations hold something important in common, and that is a belief in the future. Neither the United States nor China is content to rest on our achievements. For while China is an ancient nation, you are also clearly looking ahead with confidence, ambition, and a commitment to see that tomorrow's generation can do better than today's.
In addition to your growing economy, we admire China's extraordinary commitment to science and research —— a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you use. China is now the world's largest Internet user ——which is why we were so pleased to include the Internet as a part of today's event. This country now has the world's largest mobile phone network, and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change——and I'm looking forward to deepening the partnership between the United States and China in this critical area tomorrow. But above all, I see China's future in you ——young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st century.
I've said many times that I believe that our world is now fundamentally interconnected. The jobs we do, the prosperity we build, the environment we protect, the security that we seek ——all of these things are shared. And given that interconnection, power in the 21st century is no longer azero-sum game; one country's success need not come at the expense of another. And that is why the United States insists we do not seek to contain China's rise. On the contrary, we welcome China as a strong and prosperous and successful member of the community of nations ——a China that draws on the rights, strengths, and creativity of individual Chinese like you.
To return to the proverb ——consider the past. We know that more is to be gained when great powers cooperate than when they collide. That is a lesson that human beings have learned time and again, and that is the example of the history between our nations. And I believe strongly that cooperation must go beyond our government. It must be rooted in our people —— in the studies we share, the business that we do, the knowledge that we gain, and even in the sports that we play. And these bridges must be built by young men and women just like you and your counterparts in America.
That's why I'm pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in China to 100,000. And these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people, as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st century. And I'm absolutely confident that America has no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. For they, just like you, are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that is yet to be written.
So let this be the next step in the steady pursuit of cooperation that will serve our nations, and the world. And if there's one thing that we can take from today's dialogue, I hope that it is a commitment to continue this dialogue going forward.
So thank you very much. And I look forward now to taking some questions from all of you. Thank you very much. (Applause)
奥巴马总统在与中国青年见面会上的讲话
中国•上海科技馆
2009年11月16日

但是，接触的秘诀在于理解——双方应开诚布公，互相了解，互相学习。正如当年美国乒乓球运动员指出的，作为人类，我们有着许多共同之处；但就某些方面而言，我们两国却各有千秋。
我认为各国应该沿着属于自己的发展道路前进。中国是一个古老的国度，有着深厚的文化底蕴。相对而言，美国还很年轻，其文化取决于投奔到这块土地上的背景各异的移民，还取决于指导我们民主的建国纲领。
这些纲领对人类事务提出了一个宏观愿景，体现了几个核心原则——人人生来平等，享受若干基本权利；政府应当反映人民的意志并满足人民的愿望；商务开放，信息公开；我们保障司法公正。
当然，我们国家的发展并非一帆风顺。多年来，我们千方百计地兑现对人民的承诺，缔造一个更加完善的联邦。我们经过痛苦的内战，将一部分人从奴隶制中解放出来。经过了相当长的一段时间，妇女才获得了选举权，劳工获得组织权，才使来自世界各地的移民完全被接纳。即使是在废除奴隶制后，非裔美国人仍需与种族隔离和不公平的待遇作斗争，直至最终获得完全平等的权利。
因此，取得这些成就并非轻而易举。我们取得了进步，是因为我们对指引我们走出最黑暗的暴风雨的核心原则笃信不疑。因此，林肯能够挺身而出，在内战期间宣布：斗争的目的是为了验证一个以自由和人人平等为宗旨的国家能否长久存在。因此，马丁•路得•金能够伫立在林肯纪念碑前的台阶之上，诘问我们国家是否能真正实践其立国信条的真谛。因此，来自中国、肯尼亚等各国的移民能够定居美国；因此，机会总是留给孜孜以求的人。因此，在不到50年前，美国的某些地方连投票都会遭遇种种困难的人，现在却可以出任总统。
这也是为什么美国在世界各地总为这些核心原则而大声疾呼。我们并不寻求将任何政治体制强加给其他任何国家，我们也不认为自己所代表的这些原则为我们的独创。言论自由、宗教自由、知情权和政治参与均为包括少数族裔和宗教少数派群体在内的美国、中国和其他各国人民应当享受的权利。事实上，正是基于对上述权利的尊重，美国对其他国家采取开放政策，尊重不同文化，遵循国际法，相信未来。
以上有关美国的情况是大家应该了解的，同时，我认为我们还应更多地了解中国。看看这座繁华的城市——环视这个礼堂——我相信我们两国有许多重要的共同点，那便是相信未来。无论是美国还是中国，我们都不愿意为目前所取得的成就而沾沾自喜。中国虽然是一个古老的国家，但你们怀着同样的信心、追求和责任展望未来，期望一代新人胜旧人。
除了你们的经济持续增长外，令我们钦佩还有中国在科学和研究领域所表现出的非凡的责任感——从基础设施到技术应用，不一而足。中国的网民数量居世界之首，因此我们也很高兴把互联网作为今天活动的一部分。目前，中国拥有世界最大的移动电话网络；同时，中国正在对新能源领域进行投入，确保经济增长，应对气候变化——我期待着美中双方能够进一步加深在这一关键领域的合作。但尤为重要的是，我在你们身上看到了中国的未来——你们年轻人有才干，有决心，有理想，必将成为21世纪的栋梁。
我多次谈到，整个世界从根本上讲是相互连通的。我们所从事的工作、所创造的繁荣、所保护的环境乃至我们所寻求的安全——所有这些都是共同的。正是因为有了这种相互连通，21世纪的实力之争已不再是一场零和博弈；一国成功无须以损害另一国的利益为代价。因此，我们坚持认为美国不寻求遏制中国的崛起。相反，我们欢迎中国成为国际社会中富强且成功的一员，成为一个人民享有权利并为之奉献力量和创造力的中国。
再回到刚才的谚语——温故而知新。我们知道，大国之间只有通过合作而非冲突才能获得更大的收益。这是人类经过无数次实践所得出的经验教训，也是我们两国交往史上所树立的一个榜样。我坚信美中两国合作不应仅局限于政府层面，而应植根于人民大众——植根于我们所从事的研究、所从事的商务、所获得的知识，甚至是我们所进行的体育比赛。这些桥梁和纽带应当由我们两国的年轻人携手搭建。
因此，我很高兴在此宣布，美国将会大量增加其来华留学生人数，并将留学生人数增加到10万人。这些交流标志着我们所作出的明确承诺——加强两国人民之间的联系——因为21世纪的命运将掌握在你们手中。我坚信美国最好的使节就是我们的年轻一代，因为他们同你们一样，才华横溢、充满活力，乐观向上，并将书写人类未来的历史。让这一点成为我们下一步合作的内容，这样的合作将惠及美中两国乃至整个世界。如果说今天的对话能让我们有所收获的话，那么我希望是我们作出承诺，继续推进这一对话。谢谢大家。现在欢迎大家进行提问。（掌声）。