偶看新闻莱芜市网上车辆管理所:Unix, Linux, DOS, and variants
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Unix, Linux, and variants
Quick links
Unix ABCs
Linux ABCs
MS-DOS vs. Linux / Unix
Unix and Linux commands
Unix Top 10 commands
Unix Shortcuts
Linux variants
Unix variants
Unix and Linux history
Unix and Linux tips
Unix and Linux links
Linux and Unix news
Linux Q&A
Unix ABCs
Unix, which is not an acronym, was developed by some of the members of the Multics team at the bell labs starting in the late 1960's by many of the same people who helped create the C programming language. The Unix today, however, is not just the work of a couple of programmers. Many other organizations, institutes and various other individuals contributed significant additions to the system we now know today.
See additional Unix information and variants and information on the Unix variants page.
Linux ABCs
Developed by Linus Torvalds and further elaborated by a number of developers throughout the world, Linux (lee'nuhks/ or /li'nuks/,_not_/li:'nuhks) is a freely available multitasking and multiuser operating system. From the outset, Linux was placed under General Public License (GPL). The system can be distributed, used and expanded free of charge. In this way, developers have access to all the source codes, thus being able to integrate new functions easily or to find and eliminate programming bugs quickly. Thereby drivers for new adapters (SCSI controller, graphics cards, etc.) can be integrated very rapidly.
See additional Linux information and variants and information on the Linux variants page.
MS-DOS vs. Linux / Unix
If you are able to navigate using MS-DOS, you should be able to quickly pick up on the navigation of Linux and Unix. In the below chart is a listing of common MS-DOS commands with their Linux / Unix counterpart.
MS-DOSLinux / Unix attribchmod backuptar dirls clsclear copycp delrm deltreerm -Rrmdir editvi
pico formatfdformat / mount / umount move / renamemv typeless
chdir more < filemore file mdmkdir winstartx
Linux / Unix Commands
* See the Linux and Unix overview page for a brief description on all commands on one page. Aa2p | ac | alias | ar | arch | arp | as | at | awk Bbasename | bash | bc | bdiff | bfs | bg | biff | break | bs | bye Ccal | calendar | cancel | cat | cc | cd | chdir | checkeq | checknr | chfn | chgrp | chkey | chmod | chown | chsh | cksum | clear | cls | cmp | col | comm | compress | continue | copy | cp | cpio | crontab | csh | csplit | ctags | cu | curl | cut Ddate | dc | dd | df | deroff | dhclient | diff | dig | dircmp | dirname | dmesg | dos2unix | dpost | du Eecho | ed | edit | egrep | elm | emacs | enable | env | eqn | ex | exit | expand | expr Ffc | fdisk | fg | fgrep | file | find | findsmb | finger | fmt | fold | for | foreach | fromdos | fsck | ftp Ggetfacl | gprof | grep | groupadd | groupdel | groupmod | gunzip | gview | gvim | gzip Hhalt | hash | hashstat | head | help | history | host | hostid | hostname Iid | ifconfig | ifdown | ifup | ip | init | isalist Jjobs | join Kkeylogin | kill | ksh Llast | ld | ldd | less | lex | link | ln | lo | locate | login | logname | logout | lp | lpadmin | lpc | lpq | lpr | lprm | lpstat | ls Mmach | mail | mailcompat | mailx | make | man | merge | mesg | mii-tool | mkdir | mkfs | more | mount | mt | mv | myisamchk | mysql Nnc | neqn | netstat | newalias | newform | newgrp | nice | niscat | nischmod | nischown | nischttl | nisdefaults | nisgrep | nismatch | nispasswd | nistbladm | nmap | nohup | nroff | nslookup Oon | onintr | optisa Ppack | pagesize | passwd | paste | pax | pcat | perl | pg | pgrep | pico | pine | ping | pkill | poweroff | pr | priocntl | printf | ps | pvs | pwd Qquit Rrcp | reboot | red | rehash | remsh | repeat | replace | rgview | rgvim | rlogin | rm | rmail | rmdir | rn | route | rpcinfo | rsh | rsync | rview | rvim Ss2p | sag | sar | scp | screen | script | sdiff | sed | sendmail | set | setenv | setfacl | settime | sftp | sh | shred | shutdown | sleep | slogin | smbclient | sort | spell | split | stat | stop | strip | stty | su | sudo | sysinfo | sysklogd Ttabs | tac | tail | talk | tar | tbl | tcopy | tcpdump | tee | telinit | telnet | test | time | timex | todos | top | touch | tput | tr | traceroute | tree | troff | tty Uul | umask | unalias | uname | uncompress | unhash | uniq | unmount | unpack | untar | until | unzip | uptime | useradd | userdel | usermod Vvacation | vedit | vgrind | vi | view | vim | vipw | vmstat Ww | wait | wc | wget | whereis | which | while| who | whoami | whois | write XX | xargs | xfd | xlsfonts | xset | xterm | xrdb Yyacc | yes | yppasswd Zzcat, zip, zipcloak, zipinfo, zipnote, zipsplit* In addition to each of the above explanations, additional information about a specified command for your Unix or Linux variant can be found by using the man command.