催眠香童心怡:英语常用不规则动词(变化规律小结)
一, A─A─A 结构
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
cast
cast cast 投掷 cost
cost cost 花费 cut
cut cut 割,切 hit
hit hit 打 hurt
hurt hurt 伤害 let
let let 让 put
put put 放 set
set set 放置 shut
shut shut 关闭 spread
spread spread 展开 read
read read 读 spit
spit spit 吐
二, A─B─A 结构
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
become
became become 成为 come
came come 来 overcome
overcame overcome 克服
run ran run 跑 三, A─B─B 结构
1,过去式和过去分词都含有ought或aught
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
bring
brought brought 带 buy
bought bought 买 fight
fought fought 战斗 think
thought thought 想 seek
sought sought 寻找 catch
caught caught 抓,捉住 teach
taught taught 讲授
2,词尾有─ild,─end时只需要把d变成t
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
bend
bent bent 弯曲 build
built built 建设 lend
lent lent 借给 spend
spent spent 花费 send
sent sent 送 3,动词后加d或t 构成过去式和过去分词(ee改e,
ll改l) 原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
burn
burnt burnt 烧 deal
dealt dealt 分配 hear
heard heard 听见 learn
learnt learnt 学习 learn
learned learned 学习 mean
meant meant 意思 spoil
spoilt spoilt 损坏 feel
felt felt 感觉 sleep
slept slept 睡觉 sweep
swept swept 打扫 smell
smelt smelt 闻到 spell
spelt spelt 拼写 spill
spilt spilt 溢出 4,把ell变成old
原形
过去式 过去分词 ——————————
sell
sold sold 出售 tell
told told 告诉 5,动词原形ay结尾,改aid构成过去式和过去分词
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
lay
laid laid 放置,下蛋 pay
paid paid 支付 say
said said 说 6,改变元音字母
原形
过去式 过去分词 dig
dug dug 挖 feed
fed fed 饲养,喂 find
found found 发现 get
got got 获得,成为 hang
hung hung 悬挂 hold
held held 拿,握 lead
led led 领导 lose
lost lost 丢失 meet
met met 遇见 shine
shone shone 照耀,发光 shoot
shot shot 射击 sit
sat sat 坐 spit
spat spat 吐 win
won won 胜利 7,改变元辅音字母
原形
过去式 过去分词 ———————————
leave
left left 离开 have/has
had had 有 stand
stood stood 站立 understand
understood understood 明白 8,改变辅音字母
make
made made 制造 四,A─B─C
1
变单词重读节中的元音字母,“i”分别为“a”和“u” 原形
过去式 过去分词 ———————————
begin
began begun 开始 drink
drank drunk 喝 ring
rang rung 按铃 sing
sang sung 唱 sink
sank sunk 下沉 swim
swan swum 游泳
2,词尾为ow,
aw时,过去式将其变为ew,过去分词在原形后加n(show除外) 原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
blow
blew blown 吹 draw
drew drawn 拉,拖,画 grow
grew grown 生长 know
knew known 知道 throw
threw thrown 投,扔 overthrow
overthrew overthrown 推翻 show
showed shown 出示,展示
3,词尾为“i+辅音(1个)+e”过去式将i改o,过去分词在动词原形后加n,如果辅音字母为d或t,须双写(give,hide除外)
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
arise
arose arisen 出现,发生 drive
drove driven 驾车 ride
rode ridden 骑,乘 rise
rose risen 上升 write
wrote written 写 give
gave given 给 hide
hid hidden 躲藏
4,过去分词在过去式后加(e)n,过去式的元音为o(d或t结尾须双写)
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
break
broke broken 打破 choose
chose chosen 选择 forget
forgot forgotten 忘记 freeze
froze frozen 结冰 get
got gotten 获得 speak
spoke spoken 说话 wake
woke woken 醒 awake
awoke awoken 唤醒 wake
waked waked 醒 awake
awaked awaked 唤醒
5,过去分词在原形后加(e)n
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
be
was/were been 是 bite
bit bitten 咬 eat
ate eaten 吃 fall
fell fallen 下落 give
gave given 给 hide
hid hidden 躲藏 see
saw seen 看 take
took taken 拿走 shake
shook shaken 摇动 6, 原形,过去式和过去分词都不相同(无规律)
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
do
did done 做 go
went gone 去 fly
flew flown 飞 lie
lay lain 躺,说谎 show
showed shown 展览 wear
wore worn 穿,戴 tear
tore torn 撕破 be(am,is,are)was/were
been 是 五,情态动词只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词
原形
过去式 过去分词 ————————————
can
could 可以,能够 may
might 可能 will
would 将 shall
should 将