偶看新闻icloud显示无可用备份:人教必修3英语精品导学案
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英语第一轮复习精品导学案（人教必修三）
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
单元要点预览 （旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
2. celebrate / congratulate 3. gather / collect 4. award / reward
词形
变化
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的 beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的independent
adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖independence n. 独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
重点
单词
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
重点
词组
1. take place 发生;举行
2. in memory of 纪念；追念
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
4. play a trick on对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑
5. look forward to盼望；期待
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
7. keep one’ s word 守信用；履行诺言
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
9. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
重点句子
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
重点语法
情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测 2．征询意见（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
【解释】
take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。
come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。
1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.
2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.
3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?
4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant.
5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week.
6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
答案：1). taken place 2). It occurred to me that 3). happened; to 4). broke out
5). came about 6). occurred / happened
2. celebrate / congratulate
【解释】
celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。
congratulate“祝贺”，一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.
2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus.
3). Let’s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
答案： 1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on
3. gather / collect
【解释】
gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。
collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集
这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表 “ 聚集；聚拢 ” 。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week.
2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot.
3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left.
4). So when did you start ________ antique glass?
答案： 1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting
4. award / reward
【解释】
award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.
vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward
vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest.
2). Is that how you ________ me for my help?
3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
答案：1). awarded 2). reward 3). award; for
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的
beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的
independent adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖
independence n.独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). We should respect the ________ (religion) activities of the local people.
2). To the experts’ _________ (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery.
3). He is the most _________ (energy) boy I have ever met.
4). Nowadays lots of young people want financial ________ (depend) .
5). Mike was arrested on his ________ (arrive) from New York.
6). You must make an ________ (apologize) to your sister for being so rude.
7). He expressed his ________ (sad) about what had happened.
8). Their house is ________ (beauty) decorated.
答案： 1). religious 2). satisfaction 3). energetic 4). independence
5). arrival 6). apology 7). sadness 8). beautifully
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
[典例]
1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。
[重点用法]
(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着… (sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…
had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事 be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…
(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事 What do／did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思？”
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)?
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.
4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______（本来打算来）yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come
6).These rooms are meant for the children’s centre.
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 starvation n.[u] 饿死
[典例]
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner. 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
[重点用法]
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物
[练习] 用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.
2). These children are ________ ________ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信
[典例]
1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。
2). She has lost her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。
[重点用法]
have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that... 相信 ……
It is my belief that... 我相信……
[练习] 用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him.
2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral.
3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
答案：1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
[典例] 该词有三种含义：
1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西
He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。
2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加
He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。
3).（钟，表）走快
This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。
[重点用法]
gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立
gain sth. from 从……处获得某物
gain other’ s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任
No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.[u] 钦佩；羡慕
[典例]
1). I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。
2). I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。
[重点用法]
admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人 in admiration赞美地/钦佩地
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
2). All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.
3). I watched the girl playing the piano in admiration.
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许 permit vt. /p?: mit/ 准许；许可；允许 permit n./ p?: mit /许可（证）；执照
[典例]
You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。
[重点用法]
with/without (one’ s) permission得到允许/未经允许
ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可
give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
have one’ s permission得到某人的同意
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). They entered the area _______ _______ (未经允许).
2). The prison authorities permit _______ (visit) only once a month.
3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _______ (permit).
4). You will need to obtain planning _______ (permit) if you want to extend your house.
答案：1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). These photos remind me of my childhood.
2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你！
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
答案：1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interrupting
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 in place of (介词短语)代替；交换
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 in the last place 最后
in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的 out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的
in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______?
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
答案： 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念；追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语：
in honour of 为了纪念……；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂
in favor of 赞同, 支持 in charge of 负责 in need of 需要
in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有
in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案：1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服－－就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语：
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人
be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
答案：1). on 2). being played
5. look forward to 盼望；期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：
lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持
add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责，处理
get close to接近；差点 get down to着手做… get/be used to 习惯 pay attention to 注意…
put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给；致力于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
答案：1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。
[短语归纳] turn 短语：
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱，降低，拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头
turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是
turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助，查阅
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案：1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语：
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说……
leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算
have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵
take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案：1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语：
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气
catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口气
lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气
get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌
save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案：1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
[典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。
[短语归纳] set短语：
set off for a place 出发到某地
set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事
set out 从某地出发上路 set out to do sth. 开始做某事
set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立
set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间
[练习] 用set词组填空。
1). The new government must _____ ____ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.
3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero.
5). They’ ve ______ ______ on a journey round the world.
答案： 1). set about 2). set off 3). sets aside 4). set up 5). set off/out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。
[解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句：
1). 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。
2). 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。
3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The pencil looks as if it _______ (break) with half of it in the glass of water.
2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he ______ (be) an Englishman.
3). It seems as if our team ______ (be) going to win.
4). He talks about pyramids as though he ______ (see) them himself.
答案： 1). were broken 2). were 3). is 4). had seen
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。
[解释] It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：
It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……，显而易见……”
It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do
It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that …
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 真奇怪，这么重要的会议，他居然缺席。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 显然，你错了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 他竟然向我们撒慌，真是可耻。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4). 据报道，双方的会谈有进展。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). It was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting.
2). It is obvious that you are wrong. / Obviously, you’ re wrong.
3). It was a shame that he should have lied to us.
4). It is reported that the talks between the two sides are making progress.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
There are all kinds of celebrations 1 （遍及）the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, the Dragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 （古代的） poet, Ou Yuan. The most energetic and important 5 （节日 ）are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7 , people eat such things 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 10 （二月） .
答案： 1. throughout 2. dead 3 be held 4. ancient 5. festivals 6. which 7. China
8. as 9. exciting 10. February
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
文章告诉了我们世界各地五种重要节日并解释了人民为什么，在何时以及如何举行各种活动来庆祝这些节日。
The passage tells us
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage tells us five kinds of important festivals throughout the world and explains why, when and how people hold different kinds of activities to celebrate them.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】．At that time people would starve if（when）food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿
[模仿要点]句子结构： when/ if +从句 ， especially + 强调
【模仿1】在我们遇到麻烦时他总是乐于帮助我们，尤其是在我们在英语学习中遇到困难时。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：He is always ready to help us when we are in trouble, especially when we come across some difficulties in our English studies
2【原句】．Today's festivals have many origins, some religions, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：“一些…，一些…”表达
【模仿】我非常荣幸有机会和这么多优秀的同学一起学习，有些非常热心，有些非常勤奋，有些非常善良。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is an honor for me to have the chance to study with so many excellent/ good students, some warm-hearted , some diligent and some kind.
3【原句】 India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：逗号＋同位语＋定语从句
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人，她是我的英语老师，在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我挑战自己。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I will never forget Mrs Brown, my English teacher who always encouraged us to challenge myself when I was disappointed.
4 【原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：…are the ones ＋ 定语从句
【模仿】最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如果获取知识的人
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：The most experienced and helpful teachers are the ones who can not only offer us knowledge but also tell us the way how to gain knowledge.
5【原句】 The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：分词作定语covered with …插入 looks as if /as though
【模仿】他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书，看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：His room, filled with all kinds of books here and there, looks as if it is a small library.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：202
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled( 推动，迫使) by some unseen 1 to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. 2 a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very 3 that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form __ 4 habits, some of which remain with them as 5 as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by ___6 .
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great 7 . Many successful men say that much of their success has 8 to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness(彻底性).
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on, these are all 9 formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been __10
We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
1. A. action B. courage C. force D. energy
2.A. For B. Once C. Because D. If
3. A. possible B. important C. useful D. helpful
4. A. good B. useless C. bad D. unchangeable
5. A. far B. soon C. long D. early
6. A. themselves B. them C. one D. oneself
7. A. help B. harm C. uselessness D. hardness
8. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
9. A. possible B. hardly C. difficult D. easily
10. A. forgotten B. remembered C. kept D. avoided
答案：
1.C 根据句意，此空是说“被一种无形的力量驱使”所以应该用force，选C。
2. B 这句意思是说“一旦形成习惯就很难摆脱”。
3. B “因为习惯一旦形成很难改变，所以我们养成一种什么样的习惯是非常重要的”，根据上下的逻辑，这里应该选用important。
4. C 根据后面“Older persons also form bad habits”，得知这里应该选C。
5. C “as long as they live”在文中表示这样的坏习惯会伴随他们一生。
6. B “老人有时候会被坏习惯毁灭”，这里应该填一个代词指代前面的坏习惯，所以用them。
7. A 这句话承上启下，上文讲了坏习惯给人带来的影响，这里讲好习惯对人很有帮助。
8. C “成功与好习惯有很大关系”，与…有关是have something to so with…。
9. D 这里应该填一个副词，所以首先排除A和C，根据意思，是说这些坏习惯是很容易形成的，故D是正确的。
10. D “避免形成这样的习惯”，句子用的是被动语态，所以用avoided是正确的。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数：192
完成时间：9分钟
难度：***
Christ child Market is a pleasant festival for children in Kitchener, Canada. My husband, my daughter and I attended 1 this year.
As we walked through Victoria Park, I breathed in the fresh smell of winter. The bare branches of the trees were shining with Christmas lights 2 the new-fallen snow. In the open areas were children, parents, grandparents and their relatives, 3 smiling as they held their can dies in their hands and waited 4 (patience) for the magic event to begin.
As we joined the crowds, we quickly forgot about that COM, for I saw the excitement of the children and the 5 (welcome) smiles of the people around me. Soon the crowd moved to Kitchener City Hall. In the distance we could see all the officials 6 (wait) for us. At the center of the square, the summertime fountain had turned to ice, 7 young children were playing about.
8 the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began: songs, dances and 9 performances. Then the Christmas lights on the Christmas tree were turned 10 , causing everyone to cheer with delight. Christ child Market officially opened!
[语法填空]
作者在本文中主要介绍了自己参加加拿大的一个儿童节日的经历。
1.it 前面提到Christ child Market这个节日，这里缺少宾语，用it。
2.against against在这里是“以……为背景；衬托”的意思。在新雪的衬托下，树木光秃秃的 树枝在圣诞节的灯光中熠熠生辉。
3.all 前面提到children, parents, grandparents and their relatives，那么他们所有的人都在微笑， 用all指代他们所有人。
4.patiently patience的副词形式是patiently。
5.welcoming welcoming的意思是“热情的，欢迎的，友好的”。
6. waiting see sb. doing表示“看见某人正在做……”
7. where where关系副词在从句中作状语表示前面的at the center of the square。
8. With with在这里表示“随着……”
9. other 前面提到唱歌，跳舞，那么这里就是其他节目。
10. on 圣诞树上的圣诞灯被打开了，turn on固定搭配。
3.信息匹配
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下是演讲会的资料：
A
Are you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng)? Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.
Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)
Time: 9:30 A.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 84615522
B
“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world．How much do you know about it? Get all the answers at this free lecture.
Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)
Time: 9:00 A．m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 64013356
C
Former United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.
Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)
Time: 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 68488047
D
Qi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works? Then come to spend the time with us.
Venue: Beijing Art Academy
Time: 9:00 A．m. – 11:00 A．m.
Price: 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 65023390
E
It is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogs – man’s best friend? What is “Fu” and where does it come from? Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door? Get all the answers from this free lecture.
Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)
Time: 2:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 - 67358114
F
About 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of Sino–Western exchanges.
Venue: Beijing Art Museum
Time: 2:00 p. m. – 5:00 p. m.
Price: 20 yuan, students 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息，请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
1. Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
2. Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about it.
3. Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
4. Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises (合资企业).
5. Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
答案：
1. D 由演讲中的信息：a poet, calligrapher, and seal-cutter；对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：Chinese writing, drawing, writing poems。
2. B 由演讲中的信息：Jiaguwen, the oldest pictographic characters in the world, Chinese ancient characters。对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters.
3. E 由演讲中的信息：the year of the Dog, see “Fu” everywhere, Chinese festivals as well as their history。对应了想去听演讲的人员的基本信息they are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture.
4. C 由演讲中的信息：interpreter, the cultural differences between East and West。对应 work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises
5. A 由演讲中的信息：Dream of the Red Mansion(Hong Lou Meng), Chinese ancient literature。对应They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
4.基础写作
在当今世界，了解最新信息是很关键的。请你结合下面的提示，写一篇关于信息的短文。
信息的重要性
1．在许多领域，成功与否取决于是看得到最新信息
2．失败与缺乏信息有关
信息的来源渠道
1．阅读报刊、收听广播、观看电视等
2．上网查询资料
信息的前景
信息将起着越来越重要的作用
(写作要求)
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
In the modem world, it is important to be well informed, because success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. While, failure often results from the lack of necessary information.
There are many ways of getting information. For example, we read newspapers and news magazines, listen to the news on the radio, watch it on television, and we can also surf the Internet for various kinds of information.
It is believed that information will play a more and more important part in the future.
Unit 2 Healthy eating
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. diet / food 2. offer / provide / supply 3. strength / power / force
4. glare / stare / glance
词形
变化
1. health n. 健康
healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的
healthily adv. 健康地
2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中
加糖
sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜语的
3. curiosity n. 好奇心
curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
4. weakness n.虚弱，衰弱，
软弱；弱点，缺点
weak adj.虚弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的
weaken v.(使)变弱，(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气；长处
strengthen vt. 加强；
巩固
strong adj. 强壮的；牢固的
6. digest vt.消化；吸收，领
悟 n.文摘
digestion n.消化(力)
digestive adj.消化的，易消化的
7. benefit v.& n. 有益于；
得益于；利益，好处
beneficial adj. 有益的
重点
单词
1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余额，余数 v. 平衡；权衡
2. curiosity n. 好奇心
3. limit vt.&n. 限制；限定
4. benefit vt. 有益于；vi. 得益于(常与from, by连用) n. 利益，好处；津贴
5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合；结合
重点
词组
1. be tired of 对……厌烦了
2. ought to aux. 应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形)
3. lose weight体重减轻；减肥
4. get away with偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚
5. tell a lie 说谎
6. earn one’ s living谋生
7. in debt 欠债
8. before long 不久以后
重点句子
1. Nothing could be better.
2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did.
3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
重点语法
1．情态动词的完成式的用法 2．双重性情态动词的用法（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. diet / food
【解释】
diet 指通常吃的食物，尤指规定的食谱[如治疗疾病或减轻体重的食物]，还可作动词“节食”。常用搭配：be/get/go on a diet 进行节食 put sb. on a diet限制某人的饮食
food 指人或动物所需的食物；或植物所需的养料。
【练习】根据句子意思用diet，food的适当形式填空。
1). We cannot survive without _______ and drink.
2). The doctor says I’ ve got to go on a _______.
3). The doctor put me on a low-salt _______ to reduce my blood pressure.
Keys: 1). food 2). diet 3). diet
2. offer / provide / supply
【解释】
offer“提出，提供，呈现”，表示向别人提供帮助，服务或物品。
搭配：offer to do sth / offer sb sth /offer sth to sb
provide“供给，提供，装备，准备”，强调有预见，并通过储存或准备的方式为某事做准备，以在需要时提供所需物品。搭配：provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb
supply“供给，补充，弥补”，表示替换或不足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求的意思；也作名词，“供给(量)，物资，存货”。搭配：supply sb with sth / supply sth for/to sb
【练习】根据句子意思填介词或用offer，provide，supply的适当形式填空。
1). The project is designed to _______ young people _______work.
2). He _______ to lend me some books.
3). He _______ me 300 dollars _______ that television.
4). We ______ power to the three nearby towns.
Keys: 1). provide; with 2). offered 3). offered; for 4). supply
3. strength / power / force
【解释】
strength 用于身体指力气力量；用于物体指承受或抗拉的强度；也可指长处。
power用于人体、机械或风时指可应用的能量，也可指电力、权力和能力。
force用于爆炸、风暴或打击时指释放的能量及其对物体的冲击力；也可指暴力。
【练习】根据句子意思用strength，power，force的适当形式填空。
1). I will do everything in my _______ to help you.
2). We can use the _______ of the wind to make electricity.
3). He used all his _______ to lifted the heavy box.
4). The soldiers took the prisoners away by _______.
Keys: 1). power 2). power 3). strength 4). force
4. glare / stare / glance
【解释】
glare at sb. 对某人怒视，怒目而视
stare at sb. (由于惊奇、害怕、生气或深思而睁大眼睛) 对某人凝视，盯着看
glance at sb. 对某人瞥一眼，粗略地看，浏览
【练习】根据句子意思用glare，stare，glance的适当形式填空。
1). She _______ shyly at him and then lowered her eyes.
2). The two boys _______ at each other before they fought.
3). My father_______ at the stranger for a long time as if they had known each other before.
Keys: 1). glanced 2). glared 3). stared
Ⅱ.词形变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. health n. 健康
healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的
healthily adv. 健康地
2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中
加糖
sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜语的
3. curiosity n. 好奇心
curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
4. weakness n.虚弱，衰弱，
软弱；弱点，缺点
weak adj.虚弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的
weaken v.(使)变弱，(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气；长处
strengthen vt. 加强；
巩固
strong adj. 强壮的；牢固的
6. digest vt.消化；吸收，领
悟 n.文摘
digestion n.消化(力)
digestive adj.消化的，易消化的
7. benefit v.& n. 有益于；
得益于；利益，好处
beneficial adj. 有益的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). You look much ________ (health) than before.
2). The boy had burning ________ (curious) about what was going on.
3). The government decided to take some measures to _________ (strength) the economy.
4). Fresh air is ________ (benefit) to one’ s health.
5). Mike was the ________ (strength) boy in his class.
6). It’ s that ________ (sugar) smile of his that I can’ t bear - it makes me want to puke!
7). It’ s important to know your own strengths and ________ (weak).
8). Vegetables are usually cooked to aid ________ (digest).
Keys: 1). healthier 2). curiosity 3). strengthen 4). beneficial 5). strongest
6). sugary 7). weaknesses 8). digestion
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余额，余数 v. 平衡；权衡 balanced adj. 均衡的
[典例]
1). Try to achieve a better balance between work and play. 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。
2). I must check my bank balance (= find out how much money I have in my account).
我要核对一下我在银行的余额（看我的帐户上有多少钱）。
3). Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein. 多吃些水果, 少摄入些蛋白质, 使饮食均衡合理。
[重点用法]
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
keep one’ s balance保持平衡 lose one’ s balance (= be out of balance) 失去平衡
[练习] 用balance短语填空或翻译。
1). He ______ ______ ______ and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
2). It is difficult to for you to ______ ______ _______ on an icy pavement.
3). 我们必须权衡利弊才做出决定。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). lost his balance 2). keep your balance 3). We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages before we decide.
2. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地
[典例]
1). Children have a natural curiosity about the world around them. 小孩子对他们周围的世界有着天生的好奇心。
2). I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity. 我打开包裹只是为了满足我的好奇心。
[重点用法]
out of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity = curiously好奇地
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事
[练习] 用curiousity的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Margaret looked at him _______ _______.
2). She decided to try a cigarette _______ _______ _______.
3). All the employees in this firm _____ _____ ______ the personal life of the general manager.
4). ________ enough, he had never seen the little girl.
3). ________ drove Mary to open her husband’ s letter though she knew it was wrong.
Keys: 1). with curiosity 2). out of curiosity 3). are curious about 4). Curiously 5). Curiosity
3. limit vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的
[典例]
1). The speed limit on this road is 70 mph. 这条路的车速限制是每小时70英里。
2). We must try and limit our expenditure. 我们必须设法限制我们的开支。
3). There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend. 我准备花多少钱是有限度的。
[短语归纳] limit短语：
limit sb./sth. to... 限制某人/某事到某种程度 put a limit on... 对……限制
there is a limit to对……是有限的 without limit 无限地，无限制地
[练习] 用limit的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). One’s energy is ______.
2). ______ ______ ______ ______ (没有止境) what you can do if you try.
3). We must _______ our weekly expenditure ______ ten pounds.
4). Only a _______ number of places are available.
Keys: 1). limited 2). There’ s no limit to 3). limit; to 4). limited
4. benefit vt. 有益于 vi. 得益于（常与from, by连用） n. 利益，好处；津贴
1). The rain benefits the plants. = The plants benefit from the rain. 这场雨有益于植物。
2). This dictionary will be of great benefit to me. 这本字典将对我有很大的好处。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
4). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
[重点用法]
be of great benefit to = be very beneficial to 对……有益
for the benefit of = for sb’ s benefit为了……的利益 benefit from 从……中受益
[练习] 用benefit或其短语的适当形式填空。
1). The new highway will ________ the villagers.
2). He will _________ the new way of studying.
3). The warning sign was put there _________ the public.
Keys: 1). benefit 2). benefit from 3). for the benefit of
5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合；结合 combination n. 联合；结合 combined adj. 联合起来的
[典例]
1). We can’t always combine work with pleasure. 我们并不总是能在工作中享受到乐趣。
2). Circumstances have combined to ruin our plans for a holiday. 各种情况凑在一起破坏了我们的假日计划。
[短语归纳] combine的短语：
combine with sb./ sth. 与某人某物结合起来 combine together联合起来
combine A with/and B 使A与B联合起来
[练习] 用combine的短语或其适当形式填空。
1) A _______ of factors led to her decision to resign.
2) Success was achieved by the _______ efforts of the whole team.
3) As a writer, he _______ wit _______ passion.
Keys: 1). combination 2). combined 3). combined; and/with
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. be tired of = be fed up with = be sick of 对……厌烦了
[典例]
1). We are fired of hearing the old story. 这老话我们听厌了。
2). I’ m tired of the same breakfast every day. 我厌倦了每天吃同样的早餐。
[短语归纳]
get/be tired of doing sth. 厌倦(做某事) get/be tired from doing sth 因……而疲倦
be tired out = be worn out 非常疲倦
[练习] 用tired短语的适当形式填空。
1). My eyes ______ ______ ______ reading in a poor light.
2). I ______ ______ ______ watching television; let’ s go for a walk.
3). I ______ ______ ______. Can we stop for a rest?
Keys: 1). were tired from 2). am tired of 3). am tired/worn out
2. ought to aux. 应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形)
[典例]
1). They ought to come tomorrow. 他们明天应当来。
2). He thought that they ought to take part in the design. 他认为他们应当参加设计。
3). He ought not to do it. / He oughtn’ t to do it.（否定形式）他不应该做这件事。
4). Ought we to do it at once?（疑问式）我们应该马上做这件事吗？
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). He ought to be here, __________ he? (反意疑问句)
2). I’ m sorry. I ____________________ (本应该先给你打个电话) to tell you 1 was coming．
3). I ______________________ (本不该拜访) her, but I missed her so much.
Keys: 1). shouldn’ t / oughtn’ t 2). should / ought to have phoned 3). shouldn’ t / ought not to have visited
3. lose weight体重减轻；减肥
[典例]
She is trying to lose weight. 她在努力减肥。
[短语归纳] weight短语及lose短语：
put on weight（指人）增加体重，长胖
be/take a weight/load off sb’ s mind使自己/某人如释重负
lost heart 泄气；灰心
lose one’ s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love 爱上；锺情於……
lose one’ s life 丧生；遇害 lose one’ s balance 失去平衡
lose one’ s breath气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 lose one’ s head 昏了头，张皇失措，冲动
lose one’ s temper发脾气 lose one’ s job 失业
lose one’ s way: become lost 迷路
lose touch (with sb/sth) 失去和某人/事物的联系
lose interest in sth/sb 对某事物/人失去兴趣
lose sight of sb/sth 看不见某人/物；忽略或未考虑某事物
lose face 丢脸
[练习] 用weight短语及lose短语的适当形式填空或填介词。
1). He’ s ______ ______ ______ since he gave up smoking.
2). Paying my mortgage was an enormous weight ______ (介词) my mind!
3). I’ ve ______ ______ ______ all my old friends.
4). Don’ t ______ ______ ______ --- keep calm!
Keys: 1). put on weight 2). off 3). lost touch with 4). lose your head
4. get away with 偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚
[典例]
1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money. 他们抢劫银行, 掠走了大批现款。
2) If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。
3). Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. 这样侮辱我的人, 我是不会放过的.
[短语归纳] get词组：
get down to 认真静下心（工作） get on well with 相处融洽；(工作的) 进展好
get through 接通电话；办完；完成 get up 起床；起身
get down to 认真地静下心(工作) get over 克服，熬过，恢复
[练习] 用get词组填空。
1). To my surprise, the baby wolf ______ ______ ______ the dogs and then managed to survive.
2). She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to _____ _____ _____ it.
3). Well, stop chatting. It’ s time we ______ ______ ______ some serious work.
4). The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will ______ ______ the shock soon.
Keys: 1). got on well with 2). get away with 3). get down to 4). get over
5. tell a lie = tell lies 说谎
[典例] It’ s not right to tell a lie. 撒谎是不对的。
[短语归纳] tell短语和习语：
tell jokes/ a joke讲笑话
tell (sb.) a story给某人讲故事
to tell (you) the truth 说实话(用以引出自白或承认的话
tell A from B: distinguish A from B 辨认A和B；辨别
tell/know A and B apart 将A和B辨别开来 you can never tell 谁也不知道
there is no telling: it is impossible to know 不可能知道 tell you what 我说 (用以提出建议)
I told you (so) 我提醒过你要出事；我早就跟你说过
[练习] 用tell词组填空。
1). ______ _____ ______ _____, I fell asleep in the middle and didn’ t know how the story ended.
2). Can you _____ Tom _____ his twin brother?
3). There’ s no ______ (tell) what may happen.
Keys: 1). To tell the truth 2). tell; from 3). telling
6. earn one’ s living = make one’s/a living 谋生
[典例]
1). They began to eam their living when they were very young. 他们很年轻的时候，就开始谋生了。
2). I earn my living by teaching English in the middle schoo1. 我靠在中学教英语谋生。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He had to ______ ______ ______ by delivering newspaper in his youth.
2). He earned his living ______（介词）a fisherman.
3). 这个小孩从10岁开始就自己谋生。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). earn his living 2). as 3). This poor child began to make his living at the age of ten.
7. in debt 欠债
[典例]
1). They are in heavy debt to the Bank of China. 他们欠中国银行很多钱。
2). You saved my life: I am forever in your debt. 你救了我的命: 我永远感恩不尽。
[短语归纳] debt短语和 “in + n.” 表示“在……（情况、状况、状态）中”：
get/run into debt 欠债；负责 out of debt不欠债 run up huge debts高筑债台
pay off one’ s debts还清债务 in danger 在危险中 in trouble陷入困境，倒霉
in order 井井有条 in surprise 吃惊 in public 当众，公开
in ruins 呈废墟状态 in sight 看见 in silence沉默着
[练习] 根据句子意思用debt短语和 “in + n.” 结构填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ after he was out of work.
2). He did all he could to ______ ______ ______ ______ in five years.
3). He was ______ _____ when he was young, but has been _____ _____ _____ since he got rich.
4). James was ______ _______, but I don’t know how to help him out.
5). After the war, the whole city was _______ _______.
Keys: 1). ran/got into debt 2). pay off his debts 3). in debt; out of debt 4). in trouble 5). in ruins
8. before long 不久以后
[典例]
The dictionary will be published before long. 这本词典不久就要出版。
[重点用法]
long before 很久以前 long ago 很久以前
[练习] 根据句子意思填空。
1). That happened ______ ______.
2). I’ ve seen that film ______ ______.
3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but ______ ______ it proved to be practicable.
Keys: 1). long ago 2). long before 3). before long
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Nothing could be better. 没有什么比这更好的了。
[解释] 此句中用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。如：
Nobody loves you more than I do. 没有比我更爱你的人了。
I’ ve never heard a more beautiful voice. 我从没有听过更动听的嗓子。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). 他从来没有看过一部更令人激动的电影了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 没有什么比旅游更令人愉快。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He had never watched a more exciting movie.
2). Nothing is more pleasant than traveling.
2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。
[解释] 情态动词 + have done
1). 情态动词must +have done只用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测，意为“过去一定做过某事”。
It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。
You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看过电影《淘金热》。
2). 情态动词can／could可用于否定句中，即can’ t have done ／couldn’ t have done，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测，意为“过去不可能做过，肯定没做过”。
My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn’ t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲．
3). 此外，can／could have done还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测，常表示“过去可能做过吗?”(注意：表推测的情态动词只有can／could常用于疑问句中)
I can’ t find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where can he have gone? 我在办公楼任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去了哪里了呢？
4). 情态动词may／might +have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might语气稍弱一点儿，只能用于肯定句和否定句中，表示“过去可能做过某事
或过去可能没做过某事”。
You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). 一Where _______ Margaret _______ the empty bottles (can; put)?
一She _______ them away. They must be somewhere (can; throw).
2). 一_______he _______ as captain of the football team (can; choose)?
一Yes, he must have.
3). 一Hurry up, Michael! It’ s ten to three.
—Goodness me! The class ______ (must; begin). I’ ll be late again.
Keys: 1). can; have put 2). can’ t/ couldn’ t have thrown 3). must have begun
3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies. 他不能容忍永慧撒谎而逍遥法外。
[解释] have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事
have sb./sth. doing sth. 容忍某人或某物总是干
have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have sb./sth. done sth. 请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)，(主语)遭受了不好的事情
[典例]
1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock this morning till now. 我让他从早上八点一直在门外等候到现在。
2). I’ ll have him finish my work. 我将让他替我把工作完成。
3). I had my hair cut. 我请人把我的头发理了。
4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday. 昨天，这个妇女的手提包被抢了。
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). To my despair, the doctor _____ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon(have;wait).
2). I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work (have; repair).
3). I can’ t ______ him ______ noise all the time (have, make).
4). Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess. (have, tidy)
5). The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday. (have; rob)
Keys: 1). had; waiting 2). had; repair 3). have making 4). had; tidy 5). had; robbed
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very 1 (frustrate) for people were going to another newly-opened restaurant which only provided raw 2 (蔬菜), fruit and water. What amazed him was that the food there cost more than 3 in his own restaurant. After doing some research, he wrote his own sign to attract 4 (顾客) back to his 5 . The next day Wang Pengwei's restaurant was nearly full, which made Yong Hui very 6 . Having had a good 7 （交谈）, both of them realized the benefits and weak points of their own restaurants and thought to 8 their menus and provide a 9 （平衡的）menu. Finally they got married, working and living together 10 (happy) ever after.
答案：1. frustrated 2. vegetables 2. 3. that 4. customers 5. restaurant 6. angry 7. conversation 8. combine 9. balance 10. happily
2课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
从短文得知到王朋餐馆用餐的人越来越少而附近一家新餐馆提供如象生菜食物却顾客盈门。最后在两家餐馆的共同努力下取得了双赢。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The text states the people eating at Wang Peng’s restaurant becoming fewer instead a new restaurant offering food like raw vegetables nearby was full of people. Finally with their joint efforts both of them won the competition .
3课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： A, B and C＋分词作定语.
【模仿】这张照片使我想起了1992年发生在身边我的人，地方和事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：picture reminded me of the people, the place and the things happening round me in 1992.
2 【原句】Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： something must be done if …as…
【模仿】1）如果你想如同玛丽一样取得很大的进步，更多的练习是必不可少的。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Some more exercise should be done if you intend to make much progress as Mary did last term.
【模仿】2）昨天他没有按照我吩咐的参加会议，一定有什么事发生了。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Something wrong must have happened if he did not come to attend the meeting as I told him.
3 【原句】 Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fiber.
[模仿要点] 形容词作定语，相当于一个定语从句－which is full of…
【模仿】最后他们来到一个小农舍，看见一条小溪从长满各种花草的山谷流过。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：At last they arrived at a small cottage and found a stream running through the valley covered with different kinds flowers and trees. (--which was covered with…)
4 【原句】Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang became slimmer and Yong put on more weight.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: such a … that从句
【模仿】他的刻苦训练给他带来很大的成功，他不久就进入了广东省跳水队。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：His hard training led to such a success that very soon he was admitted to the diving team in Guangdong Province .
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：187
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Until 1954 it was thought that no man could run one mile in less than four minutes. As years 1 , the record came closer and closer to four minutes and Roger Bannister, a young English 2 , began to believe he might 3 this almost magic barrier.
It was a cold afternoon on May 6th,1954, when Bannister knew he had a 4 chance. Describing the 5 later, Bannister said, “On the way to the track the wind blew strongly. As I 6 for the start I glanced at the flag. It moved 7 now. This was the moment when I made my decision.”
“The gun fired. My legs seemed to meet no resistance, as if I was 8 forward by some unknown force. The noise from the faithful crowd gave me greater strength. I felt the moment of a lifetime had come.”
“I was driven on by a 9 of fear and pride. But when I leapt at（冲向）the finishing tape, I fell, almost 10 .”
“I knew I had done it, even before I heard the time. The announcement came. ‘Result of the one mile…Time, three minutes…’the test was lost in the noise of excitement.”
1. A. passed along B. passed down C. went by D. went over
2. A. coach B. athlete C. captain D. judge
3. A. defeat B. move C. beat D. break
4. A. real B. lucky C. serious D. false
5. A. accident B. event C. issue D. topic
6. A. did up B. made up C. put up D. lined up
7. A. safely B. heavily C. thinly D. gently
8. A. dragged B. drawn C. pulled D. pushed
9. A. concentration B. collection C. combination D. dissatisfaction
10. A. unconcerned B. unconscious C. unknown D. unnoticed
答案：
本文讲述的是一名英国的年青人是如何打破纪录的事情。
1. C 固定结构“as years go by”，意为“随着岁月的推移”。根据文章是过去时故用went by。
2. B 根据文中的插入语用法，我们得知讲的是运动员破纪录的事，所以Roger Bannister是个运动员。
3. D 根据动词和宾语的逻辑搭配的解题方法得知，“障碍”应该搭配“打破”。
4. A 修饰“机会”的形容词，符合上下文的应该是“真正的”。
5. B 因为Bannister描述的是体育赛事，event表示体育赛事，体育项目。如。The next event will be the 100 yards race. 下一个比赛项目是100码赛跑。
6. D 根据常识提供的信息：运动员在起点处准备起跑时是排成直线站（lined up for the start）准备起跑。别的选项不合上下文。
7. D 根据常识提供的信息：旗子正在风中应该是（gently）轻柔地飘着。
8. D 根据情景提供的信息：枪刚响，在起点处的运动员比较拥挤，所以说“好像被往向前（pushed）推一样”。
9. C 根据后面fear and pride的提示，可以得知是一种恐惧和自豪相结合的感觉。
10. B 根据情景描述，“冲动终点，摔倒了”，几乎失去（unconscious）知觉符合逻辑。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数：171
完成时间：8分钟
难度：***
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It rises in the mountains on Qinghai and flows right across China to the Yellow Sea. 1 the river and the sea are called Yellow because of the yellow mud 2 the river carries down from the desert into the sea, 3 (make) the water a yellow color. When the river reaches the flat plain and flows less fast, it drops much of 4 mud, filling up the riverbed and forcing the water to overflow its banks and flood the countryside 5 miles. These terrible floods wash away crops and destroy whole villages. They have brought death and famine(饥饿) to 6 many people that the river is sometimes called"China's sorrow."In order to prevent the floods, they 7 (build) banks of earth, called dykes (河堤) along both sides. 8 the river brought down more mud and broke through the dykes, people mended them and built them higher, 9 now in some parts the river flows as much as twenty feet above, 10 the danger of floods, fanning had been carried for centuries.
答案：
1．Both 属both…and…．固定搭配，意为：……和……两者都；
2．which/ that 考查限制性定语从句，先行词是物，：
3．making 现在分词短语做结果状语：
4．its 指代前面的名词plain，考查形容词性物主代词；
5．for overflow for miles表示淹没持续了—段距离。
6．so so many+可数名词复数，so much+不可数名词表“那么多的……”
7．have built 考查动词的现在完成时态：
8．As as引导的时间状语从句，表“随着……”
9．until until now表“直到现在”：
10．despite 根据上下文此处需要使用“尽管……但是”，由于后面是名词短语，不能用though等。
3. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：408
完成时间：8分钟
难度：****
It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure out that there are better things you could do for your health than take deep breaths on a smoggy day. A growing pile of research suggests that even relatively low levels of air pollution may be more harmful than previously realized, to both heart and lungs. The latest salvo from researchers, published this week in the New England Journal of Medicine, focuses on how particulate (微粒) matter from air pollution affects lung (肺) function.
According to an American Lung Association report, particulate pollution refers to the mix of solid and liquid particles in the air that can come from natural sources, such as dust storms or wildfires, or from such human activity as the burning of fossil fuels in factories or the use of diesel (柴油机) engines. Other particulates are produced when certain chemicals and substances react with one another in the atmosphere.
The effect of low levels of particulate pollution found in many urban areas is not unlike secondhand smoke, exports say. Studies show that short-term adverse effects from particulates include diminished lung function, coughing, wheezing, cardiac arrhythmias and heart attacks. Long-term exposure can also worsen asthma, slow normal lung growth, damage lung airways, and increase the risk of dying from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Certain populations, such as the very old and the very young, are the most vulnerable to air pollution. However, even the most alarming studies conducted in the most polluted areas suggest that the average person's individual risk from exposure (暴露) is very slight. Relative risk numbers often seem more frightening than they actually are. For example, an earlier study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled ( 成为3倍) the risk of heart attacks in heart-attack survivors. What's easily forgotten, says Rilkin, is that the risk was extremely small to start with. Jogging, for example, could elevate (提高) the risk of a heart attack by a similar amount, says Robert Brook, a cardiac physician at the University of Michigan.
Short of moving to the countryside or at least away from busy roads, shielding yourself from the effects of air pollution is not easy. Masks won't work, as many particles can slip right through. At the very least, suggests Murray Mittleman, a cardiologist at Harvard University, people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.
1. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean? No 1 p 7
A. Rocket scientists are making researches on people’s health.
B. It's obvious that air pollution has a bad effect on people’s health.
C. People aren't sure whether taking deep breaths on a smoggy day is bad.
D. People often have a hard time when taking deep breaths on a smoggy day.
2. The word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 4 probably means _________.
A. easy to be hurt B. easy to be protected
C. easy to be used D. easy to be influenced
3. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is _________.
A. that even small risk from particulate causes big problems
B. that air pollution often leads to heart attack
C. who are most likely to get affected
D. that we shouldn't worry about the average low risk
4. In order to be healthier, you'd better _________.
A. take deep breaths B. wear a mask C. live in a countryside D. clean the busy road
5. The passage is written in a(n) _________ tone.
A. subjective B. humorous C. doubtful D. objective
答案：
本文主要介绍了空气污染中的微笑颗粒是如何形成和影响人的健康的。
1. B 句义理解题。读完全文，结合上下文语境，不难看出作者此句话的目的是说：不用研究高深科技的火箭专家（研究），人们也知道，在雾天深呼吸对身体健康不利。
2. A 猜测词义题。根据上下文可知老年人和小孩是最容易受到空气污染的危害的故选择A 项。
3. A 归纳段落大意题。第4段就是讲相对小的受污染的风险最终会导致很坏的后果。
4. C 推理判断题。由文章第一句话可知，深呼吸不一定能够更加健康。根据最后一段中masks won’t work, as many particles can slip right through.可知B项是错误的。最后一段中提到乡村居住是一种降低空气污染的途径，又由文章最后一句people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.可推出C项正确。由short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled （成为3倍） the risk of heart attacks 可知D也不符合文意。
5. D 总体把握题。文章主要讲的是空气污染中的颗粒污染及其危害。作者是以科学客观的态度来写整篇文章的。
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
"Can I see my baby? "asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped-the baby had been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby's hearing was perfect except his appearance.
One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mother's arms, he cried out bitterly, "A boy, a big boy ... called me-a f-...freak.” She sighed, knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks.
He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift for literature and music.
The boy's father had a talk with the family doctor. Could nothing be done? "I believe we could graft (移植) on a pair of outer ears, if they could be donated (捐献)," the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, "You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed (vi.开花) into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic (外交) service. "But I must know! "he urged his father. "Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him." "I do not believe you could," said the father, "but the agreement was that you are not to know ... not yet." The years kept the secret, but the day did come...one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
[写作内容]
1．以约30个词概括这个感人的故事；
2．以约120个词，请就“在受别人的帮助中，学会了帮助别人”的话题写一篇英语短文，表达你内心的感受，并包括如下要点：
(1)你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为；
(2)请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为对你有何影响；
(3)你的感想。
[写作要求]
1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：抚养小孩raise one’s children，
2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：The baby had been born without ears.--/"You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father. / The operation was a brilliant success. / ... one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章中要求你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为，属于是评论性文字和结论性的观点，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。而“请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为”属于经历，故用一般过去时。后面对你的影响可以用一般现在时态去写。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Help Is Always Unselfish
An unselfish mother donated her ears to her imperfect son without telling him about it. At last, the son got the secret from his father after his mother died.
Help is always unselfish. The mother donated her ears to her son, showing her greatest love to her child. From this, we can know how difficult it is for parents to raise their children.
In the daily life, we always get kind help from our teachers, classmates and friends. And their kind help is always unselfish. When I was in Senior Middle School, I lived in the school. Every time when I was ill, my teachers and classmates gave me kind help, taking good care of me all the time. In today's society, I was affected by some bad things, which made me think that there was no kindness in the world. It was my friends who did everything to help me out.
From these experiences, I have realized that helping others is necessary, and true love does exist in our daily life. Since then, I have changed myself a lot, and I also give hands to others when they are in need of help.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. scene / sight / view / scenery 2. permit / allow / let 3. scream / shout
词形
变化
1. believe vt.&vi.相信；认为
belief n. 相信，信念，信仰
believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的
2. survive vi.幸存，继续存在 vt.幸免于；挺过来
survival n.幸存，幸存者，残存物
survivor n.未死的人；残存者
3. permit v. 允许
n.许可证，执照
permission n. 允许，许
可，准许
4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心
patient adj. 有耐心的
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
5. rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼貌的
rudely adv. 粗鲁地；粗略地
rudeness n.粗鲁，不礼貌
6. present adj. 出席的
presence n.出席，到场
7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒险
adventurous adj.冒险
的，惊险的
adventurer n.冒险者
重点
单词
1. bet n.&v. 赌；打赌；赌钱
2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点
4. passage n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；通过，消逝；旅费
5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt.认为；说明；解释总；计有
6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
7. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
重点
词组
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
3. by accident 偶然；无意中
4. to be honest 老实说；说实话
5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]
6. take a chance 冒险，碰运气
7. as for 至于，关于
重点句子
1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.
重点语法
情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测 2．征询意见（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. scene / sight / view / scenery
【解释】
scene 指某一处的自然风光
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力/眼界
view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度（从远处或高处）以眼所看到的景色。
【练习】根据句子意思用scene，sight，view，scenery的适当形式填空。
1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______.
2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower.
4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring.
5). He began to lose his _______six years ago.
Keys: 1). scenery 2). scene 3). view 4). sight 5). sight
2. permit / allow / let
【解释】
let允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
常用句型allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth.
【练习】根据句子意思用permit，allow或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Students are not _________ to enter the Net Bar.
2). My mother wouldn’ t let me _______ (go) to the film.
3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office.
4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend.
Keys: 1). allowed/permitted 2). go 3). smoking 4). permitting
3. scream / shout
【解释】
scream指因痛苦、恐惧、激动或生气而喊叫、尖叫，声音大而尖利，常与to连用
shout指因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音，大喊，大叫，大声说话，常常与at连用
【练习】根据句子意思用scream，shout的适当形式填空。
1). There was a huge bang and people started _______.
2). Two women were _______ at each other outside the supermarket.
3). I had to _______ to make myself heard.
4). The fans _______ with excitement when they saw him.
Keys: 1). screaming 2). shouting 3). shout 4). screamed
Ⅱ. 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. believe vt.&vi.相信；认为
belief n. 相信，信念，信仰
believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的
2. survive vi.幸存，继续存在 vt.幸免于；挺过来
survival n.幸存，幸存者，残存物
survivor n.未死的人；残存者
3. permit v. 允许
n.许可证，执照
permission n. 允许，许
可，准许
4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心
patient adj. 有耐心的
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
5. rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼貌的
rudely adv. 粗鲁地；粗略地
rudeness n.粗鲁，不礼貌
6. present adj. 出席的
presence n.出席，到场
7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒险
adventurous adj.冒险
的，惊险的
adventurer n.冒险者
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). The principal’ s ________ (present) at the party didn’ t seem to be very welcome.
2). Finally he lost his ________ (patient) and started to yell at his mother.
3). It would be _______ (believe) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.
4). My husband loves ________ (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful life.
5). He was punished for his _______ (rude) to his teacher.
6). They entered the area without. ________ (permit).
7) You cannot enter a military base without a _______ (permit).
8). The prisoners _________ (permit) two hours’ exercise a day.
9). This grand park is a rare _________ (survive) from the eighteenth century.
Keys: 1). presence 2). patience 3). unbelievable 4). adventurous 5). rudeness
6). permission 7). permit 8). are/were permitted 9). survivor
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. bet n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱
[典例]
1). He often bets a 1ot of money on horses. 他经常在赛马上豪赌。
2). I bet that it will rain tomorrow. 我敢肯定说明天一定会下雨。
[重点用法]
bet on为某事打赌 make a bet on 为某事打赌 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了
[练习] 按要求翻译。
1).We ______ ______ ______ ______ (打赌)the outcome of the next horse race.
2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). make a bet on 2). He spends all his money betting on horses.
2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的
[典例]
1). I like him despite his faults. 虽然他有种种缺点, 但我仍然喜欢他。
2). No one could fault his performance. 他的演出无懈可击。
[重点用法]
find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）错/茬儿；埋怨（某人/事物）
It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). It was _______ _______ (他的过错) that we were late.
2). I have no fault to find _______ (介词) your work.
3). 她总是找我的茬儿。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). his fault 2). with 3). She’ s always finding fault with me.
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的
[典例]
1). She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots 她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
3). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 他就是在这儿遭谋杀的。
[重点用法]
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
[练习] 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car.
2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call.
3). He keeps his house _______.
Keys: 1). spotted 2). on the spot 3). spotless
4. passage n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；经过，通过，消逝；旅费
[典例]
1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 他们被禁止穿越占领区。
2). He worked his passage to Australia. 他在去澳大利亚旅行的船上做工偿付船费。
[重点用法]
with the passage of time 随着时间的推移
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). Her confidence grew. _______ _______ (随着时间的推移) that we were late.
2). Several passages _______ (介词) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published.
Keys: 1). with the passage of time 2). from
5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释总；计有
[典例]
1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new account. 我去银行开个新账户。
2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 长期的延缓是因为坏天气。
[重点用法]
account for导致；做出解释；总计有 on account of = because of 因为
open an account在银行开个户头 keep an account of记录，记载
take sth. into account/consideration考虑到某事
[练习] 用account的短语填空。
1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students.
2). He doesn’ t drink alcohol _______ _______ his health.
3). She couldn’ t _______ _______ her foolish mistake.
Keys: 1). account for 2). on account of 3). account for
6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
[典例]
1). You must seek permission from the manager. 你需请求经理批准。
2). The explanation is not far to seek. 这种解释不难理解。
3). They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
[重点用法]
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice.
2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules.
Keys: 1). sought 2). to change
7. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
[典例]
1). Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起这个总数吗?
2). The cost amounted to 250. 费用共达250英镑。
[重点用法]
a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数)
in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计……
[练习] 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time.
2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple.
3). At that time, mall amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals.
4). Food was provided _______ _______ _______ (供应多少不等).
5). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (供应多少不等) US$100.
Keys: 1). was done 2). were spent 3). were used 4). in different amounts 5). amounted to
8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
[典例]
1). We all bowed to the Queen. 我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。
2). His back was bowed with age. 他因年老而驼背。
[重点用法]
bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低头；接受某事
[练习] 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers.
2). The cast ______ as the audience applauded.
Keys: 1). bowed to 2). bowed
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
[典例]
1). She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子。
2). Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生後不久
父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
[重点用法]
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人要……
[练习] 用bring的短语填空。
1). He was ______ ______ ______ ______ authority (从小就受到尊敬师长的教育).
2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting.
3). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had.
Keys: 1). brought up to respect 2). brought up / put forward 3). brought up
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
[典例]
1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。
[短语归纳]
(be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过 ahead of time / in advance 提前
[练习] 用ahead短语填空。
1). After a pause, he ______ _______ with his speech.
2). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______.
3). _______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
4). —— Could I use your bike?
—— _______ _______.
Keys: 1). went ahead/on 2). ahead of time 3). Go straight ahead 4). Go ahead
3. by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中
[典例]
1). Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。
2). I only found it by accident. 我只是碰巧找到的。
[短语归纳] by + n. 短语：
by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器
[练习] 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。
1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________.
2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive.
3). She had found the file ______.
Keys: 1). by accident/chance 2). by hand; by machine 3). by accident
4. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking老实说；说实话
[典例]
1). To be honest, I have no time to do it. 老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。
2). To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话, 我认为我们没有获胜的可能.
[短语归纳] 英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说 exactly speaking确切地说
to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般地来说 in other words换句话说 or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说 that is 也就是说
[练习] 用表示“……说”的短语填空。
1). ________, women live longer than men.
2). He got home late last night, _______ early this morning.
3). ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.
Keys: 1). Generally speaking 2). or rather 3). To be frank/honest
5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]
[典例]
1). It doesn’ t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’ s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。
2). It wasn’ t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake. 这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
[短语归纳] contrary短语：
to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定语和状语]
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反
[练习] 用contrary短语填空。
1). The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap.
2). I will come on Monday unless you write me ______ ______ ______.
3). I will continue to believe it until I get proof ______ ______ ______.
4). The results were ______ ______ expectation.
Keys: 1). On the contrary 2). to the contrary 3). to the contrary 4). contrary to
6. take a chance = take chances冒险，碰运气
[典例]
He took a big chance when he made the investment. 当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。
[短语归纳] chance短语：
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that....大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事
by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地
the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能……
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会
[练习] 用chance短语填空。
1). The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to _____ ____ _____.
2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car.
3). What are the chances ______ (介词) his coming?
4). 很可能她要来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5). 我遇见她完全是偶然的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). take a chance 2). take chances 3). of
4). The chances are that / It’ s likely that she’ ll be coming.
5). I met her quite by chance.
7. as for 至于，关于
[典例]
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself. 至於你, 你应该感到惭愧。
[短语归纳] contrary短语：
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
[练习] 翻译。
1). He was uncertain ______ ______ (至于) which road to take.
2). Would you be so kind _______ _______ (至于) help me to move the stone?
3). 关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). as to 2). as to 3). As for my past, I’ m not telling you anything.
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
[解释] find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词
搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)
find sb./sth. done发现……被做……(被动)
find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于……
例如：
1). I found that the boy was hiding behind the door. = I found the boy hiding behind the door.
2). When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door.
2). When day broke, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain.
3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.
4). He found a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground.
Keys: 1). hiding 2). found ourselves in 3). found himself surrounded by 4). lying
2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。
[解释] 句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型：
1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就……
2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就……
3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时……
4). had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就……
5). had hardly done…when… 几乎还没有做完某事就……
例如：
1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。
2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。
3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正在骑车，就在这时，摔了下来。
[练习] 翻译句子。
1) 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3) 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain.
2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang.
3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike.
3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。
[解释] （1）疑问词+ ever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that, any time when等，用来加强语气
如：
1). Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。
2). I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我将相信你所说的一切。
3). You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop.
（2）疑问词+ ever还可引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter + 疑问词。如：
1). Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.
= No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
2). Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
= No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
[练习] 翻译。
1). _______ _______ _______ (无论何时) you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
2). 我将相信你所说的一切。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). Whenever / No matter when 2). I’ ll believe whatever you say.
3). Whatever you say, I’ ll believe you. / No matter what you say, I’ ll believe you.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
The tale was set in London in 1903. Henry, 1 American, was rescued in the sea by accident. 2 (lose) in London and having no money on him, he 3 （游荡）in London streets, 4 (hunger). He was spot by two rich brothers and invited to step into a house. Henry was given an 5 （信封）with money in it and asked not to open it until two p. m. With the envelope in hand, Henry entered a 6 （餐馆）. He ordered some food. After 7 (eat) Henry opened the letter and found 8 was a million pound banknote. The owner and the waiter 9 (感到震惊). They couldn't believe Henry 10 was in rags could be so rich. The owner thanked Henry for his coming to his little eating place and even asked Henry to forget the meal bill.
答案：1. an 2. Lost 3. was wandering 4. hungry 5. envelope 6. restaurant 7. eating 8. it 9. were shocked 10. who
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
亨利，一个身无分文的美国人，意外地在英国登岸。两个有钱的兄弟给了他一个装有百万英镑的信封，以及在一家餐馆发生在他身上的令人惊奇的故事。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Henry, a penniless American, landed in Britain by accident. He was given a letter with a million pound note by two rich brothers and something amazing happened to him in a restaurant.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】 It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
[模仿要点] 强调句型：it is +被强调的名词＋，同位语 ，+that / who + 并列谓语
【模仿1】就是林小姐，我的英语老师，她是一个善良的人，当我遇到困难的时候，她总是帮助我。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is Miss Li，my English teacher, who is a warm-hearted woman and always helps me when I am in trouble.
【模仿2】我的一个叫做Tom的朋友在上学的路上发现一只受伤的小鸟，他立刻把它送达附近的动物园。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was Tom，a good friend of mine, who found a wounded bird on his way to school and sent it to the zoo nearby without hesitation.
2【原句】It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life, especially if you can't have them for a while.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：it is +adj +that 从句… especially +从句
【模仿1】千真万确我们从老师的表扬中获得很大的欢乐，尤其当我们身处麻烦和困境久了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It’s true that how much joy we can get from the teachers’ praise, especially when we meet some difficulties and are in trouble for a while.
【模仿2】令人惊异的是李华这学期在学习方面取得那么大的进步，尤其自他有了自己的学习方法以后。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is amazing how much progress Li Hua has made in his studies this term, especially since he had his way of learning.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：230
完成时间：15分钟
难度：***
James sat outside the office waiting for the interview. He felt so 1 that he didn't know what to do with (the) 2 . The person who had gone in before him had been in there for nearly an hour. And she looked so confident( 自信的) when she went in, not like James. He felt 3 that she had already got the job. The problem was that he wanted this job 4. It meant 5 to him. He had thought it such a lot before the day of the interview. He had imagined himself 6 brilliantly(出色地) at the interview and 7 the job immediately.
But now here he was feeling terrible. He couldn't remember all those things he had planned to say. At that moment, he almost decided to get up and 8 . But no he had to do this. He had spent so much time considering it that he couldn't give like that. His hands were hot and sticky and his mouth felt dry.
At last the door of the office opened. The woman ,who had gone in an hour earlier, came out
looking very 9 with herself. She smiled sympathetically at James. At the moment, James hated her. The managing director then appeared at the office door. "Would you like to come in now, Mr Davis? I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.” James suddenly wished that he had gone home after all. He got up, legs 10 and forehead sweating and wondered whether he looked as terrified as he felt.
1. A. healthy B. nervous C. careless D. confident
2. A. interviewer B. woman C. himself D. situation
3. A. doubtful B. sure C. angry D. astonished
4. A. hopelessly B. naturally C. easily D. so much
5. A. everything B. happiness C. difficulty D. nothing
6. A. explaining B. performing C. answering D. writing
7. A. offered B. asked for C. being offered D. being asked for
8. A. leave B. go in C. prepare D. practise
9. A. ugly B. pleased C. sad D. pretty
10. A. shaking B. bending C. walking D. stopped
答案：
本文通过对比的手法，描述了James面试前紧张不安、不知所措的心理状态。
l.B 由后面的不知所措，可见其“紧张”。
2.C 是他“自己”不知所措。
3.B 从他后面担心得不到工作来分析，他是“确信”那位女士面试出色的。
4.D 从他后面对这份工作的憧憬来看，他“十分”希望得到这份工作。
5.A 前面说了他非常想得到这份工作，而且为面试做了精心准备，可见这一工作对他来说意味着“一切”。
6.B 其他三个选项不能涵盖面试的方方面面。
7.C 想象中面试出色，所以当场得到了那份工作。
8.A 根据行文逻辑选定。
9.B 由后面的行为来看，她对自己的面试表现是满意的。
10.A 根据常识提供的信息：紧张时两腿“发抖”，这是正常现象。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：143
完成时间：8分钟
难度：**
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear 1 spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. 2 , we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success 3 language learning. 4 good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only 5 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and 6 meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. 7 we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of 8 (advise) for those 9 are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and 10 (write) the language whenever we can.
答案：
本文主要讲述了学习英语的一些好的方法。
1. it 指代前面的foreign language。
2. Thirdly 根据上下文得知这是第三点。
3. in 在语言学习方面没有容易取得成功的办法。
4. a 好的记忆力有助于学习，memory为可数名词。
5. to memorize 不定式作真正主语。
6. their 指代前面的words。
7. If 前后是条件关系。
8. advice 一条建议，此处应用名词。
9. who 引导定语从句，先行词是those。
10. writing 练习做某事应用practise doing sth。
3.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：329
完成时间：6分钟
难度：**
I want to talk about a soldier. I saw him yesterday as my husband and I were enjoying a wonderful lunch in the cave-like dining room of an old hotel.
It is hard to imagine being comfortable in a room that probably seats a thousand, but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting. Every comer is a wood and stone masterpiece, with high glass windows that look out to the huge cliffs (悬崖) of the valley.
A man entered with his family and took a seat. He wasn't in uniform, but he walked with the dignity of a soldier, and a slight limp (瘸). My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered (绣) on the cap were the words: "Iwo Jima Survivor".
As they were waiting for lunch, the others talking happily, this gentleman was stating out of the window. He was content to be left out of the conversation and allowed to take in the wonderful and impressive view of the waterfall.
I watched him, and imagined how much horror he had seen in the war. What losses did he suffer, and how many friends did he lose? What he had witnessed should have given him a good reason to lose faith in the world. Yet this tired soldier was smiling at the sky, at the sun and the roaring of the waterfall. Somehow, after everything, the world was still beautiful to him.
I walked over to him and said, "Excuse me, sir. I'm sorry to interrupt, but I saw your hat, and I just wanted to say thank you for serving."
He looked up at me, surprised, and said proudly, "You're welcome, and thank you, too."
I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I'd met him.
1. The place where the author enjoyed lunch was __
A. only open to people of the upper classes
B. once visited by many famous people
C. attractive because of its beautiful surroundings
D. modeled on scenes from American history
2. What confirmed the author’s suspicion that the man was a soldier?
A. The words on his cap. B. The way he sat.
C. His disability. D. The way he walked.
3. What do we learn from the passage?
A. The author at first thought the gentleman was famous.
B. The gentleman stood out because of his uniform.
C. The gentleman’s family didn’t like to talk with him.
D. The gentleman wasn’t expecting the author to thank him.
4. What encouraged the author to talk to the soldier?
A. His disability.
B. His loneliness.
C. His contribution to his country.
D. His bravery to fight in the war.
5. What is the author’s attitude towards the soldier?
A. Admiring. B. Satisfied. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful.
答案：
作者和丈夫在一家看起来像洞穴似的饭店用餐时，见到了一位没穿制服但极具军人气质的瘸腿士兵。这名士兵虽然在战争中经历了很多困苦，甚至可能失去了朋友，但是他对这个世界仍然充满着希望。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting.”可知C正确。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered on the cap were the words: ‘Iwo Jima Survivor’.”可知，是帽子上的字最终使作者确信他是一名士兵。
3. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He looked up at me, surprised, and said proudly, ‘You’re welcome, and thank you, too.’”可知他没有想到在这个地方会有人对他表示感谢。
4. C 推理判断题。从作者对那名士兵说的话“…and I just wanted to thank you for serving.”可知C正确。
5. A 作者态度题。从第五段可以看出，这名战士虽然在战场上失去了很多，但他仍觉得现实生活还是很美好的，这种心态让作者很赞赏。从最后一段“I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I’d met him.”可知，作者对这名士兵非常敬佩。
4.基础写作
[写作内容]
时间
上星期六下午
地点
在中山公园里的湖边
事件
我和朋友在散步，湖中一个女孩在呼救。我们跳进湖中救人，对她做了人工呼吸。孩子恢复知觉后，被送进医院。我们打电话通知孩子的家长，孩子得救了。
评价
家长很感激，医生对我们的急救给予高度评价。
感受
懂得急救知识很重要。
[写作要求]
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
On the afternoon of last Saturday, my friend and I were practicing drawing by the lake in Zhongshan Park when suddenly we heard a girl calling for help in the lake. We hurried to jump into the lake without taking off our clothes, swam towards her and pulled her out. We made her breathe using mouth-to-mouth way before she came to herself. Then she was sent to hospital and we telephoned the girl's parents. Afterwards, we were told that the girl was saved because of the timely rescue.
Her parents were very thankful to us and the doctors thought highly of our first aid, which made us realize that knowing first aid is very important for everyone.
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. loudly / loud / aloud 2. unlike / dislike 3. remain / leave
4. climate / weather 5. now that / since / because / as
词形
变化
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的
violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈
violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则)
fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地
fundament n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发
展；新情况
develop vt.发展；产生
vi.生长；发展
developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的
4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay---laid---laid---laying
lie vi. 躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lying
lie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎
lie---lied---lied---lying
5. prevent vt. 预防，防止
prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍
preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的
6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的
gently adv.温和地；静静地
7. physics n.物理，物理学
physicist n.物理学家
physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
重点
单词
1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度；方法
2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把……放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的
4. exist vi. 存在；生存
5. puzzle v.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题
6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
7. cheer vt.&vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼
重点
词组
1. to begin with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
3. in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
4. prevent...from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
5. block out 挡住（光线）
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
7. break out (灾难、战争等)突发；爆发
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
重点句子
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere.
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop.
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
重点语法
宾语从句和表语从句（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. loudly / loud / aloud
【解释】
loudly adv 响亮地，高声地
loud adj/adv 与sing, speak, talk连用
aloud adv 相对默读而言；出声
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Will you please speak ______?
2). It is good for you to read English ______ every morning.
3). The bomb exploded ______.
4). Is her voice ______ enough ?
5). Action speaks ______ than words (事实胜于雄辩).
Keys: 1). louder 2). aloud 3). loudly 4). loud 5). louder
2. unlike / dislike
【解释】
unlike prep. 不像，和……不同 adj. [作表语] 不相似；不同
dislike vt./n. 不喜爱，厌恶
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). A good hotel manager should know his regular guests’ likes and ______.
2). Her latest novel is quite ______ her earlier work.
3). If you go on like that you’ ll get yourself _______ (like).
4). I was very interested in the lecture, ______ many of the students.
Keys: 1). dislikes 2). unlike 3). disliked 4). unlike
3. remain/leave
【解释】
remain vi. 仍然是；留下；剩下
常用句型：remain + n. 仍然是 remain + adj./adv./prep. 仍然是
remain + v-ed/v-ing 仍然是 remain to be done有待去做，依然要做
leave vt. 剩下，忽略或未拿或未带（某物），使或让（某人、事物）处某状态﹑某地等
常用句型：leave sb. sth. / leave sth. to sb. 给某人留下某物
leave sth (for sb) 留下，交待下(某物) leave sth to sb 将某物遗赠给某人
remaining/left两者都可以作形容词，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修饰的名词之前，后者用于被修饰的名词之后。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Someone ______ you this note while you were out.
2). After the earthquake, little ______ of the village.
3). He used the ______ money to buy a dictionary.
4). After buying the dictionary, he had not much money______.
5). Arriving home, I found that I’ d ______ my key in the office.
6). Don’ t leave her ______ (wait) outside in the rain.
7). She remained _______ (change) after all these years.
8). A great many things remain _______ (do).
Keys: 1). left 2). remained 3). remaining 4). left
5). left 6). waiting 7). unchanged 8). to be done
4. climate / weather
【解释】
climate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；
weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _______ is fine.
2). A drier _______ would be good for your health.
3). I couldn’t imagine what it would be like to live in a hot ________.
4). The _______ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad ________.
Keys: 1). weather 2). climate 3). climate 4). climate; weather
5. now that / since / because / as
【解释】
都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
2) It was _______ he was ill that he didn’ t go to school.
3). It must have rained last night, _______ the ground is all wet.
4). _______ we are alone, we can speak freely.
Keys: 1). since/now that 2). because 3). for 4). Now (that)
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的
violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈
violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则)
fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地
fundament n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发
展；新情况
develop vt.发展；产生
vi.生长；发展
developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的
4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay---laid---laid---laying
lie vi. 躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lying
lie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎
lie---lied---lied---lying
5. prevent vt. 预防，防止
prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍
preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的
6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的
gently adv.温和地；静静地
7. physics n.物理，物理学
physicist n.物理学家
physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). The naughty boy _______ (lie) to me that the hen that _______ (lie) there just now had ______ (lay) two eggs the day before.
2). In my opinion, ________ (prevent) is more important than treatment.
3). Some programs on the Internet are full of ________ (violent) and sex.
4). With the ________ (develop) of modern industry, more and more pollution is caused.
5). China is a ________ (develop) country belong to the third world.
6). There are ________ (fundament) differences between your religious beliefs and mine.
7). His ambition is to become a great ________ (physics).
Keys: 1). lied; lay; laid 2). prevention 3). violence 4). development
5). developing 6). fundamental 7). physicist
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度；方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的
[典例]
1). The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。
2). Alcohol is bad for your system. 喝酒对身体有害。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). The ______ ______ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.
2). He introduced us a well-designed ______ ______ (铁路系统).
Keys: 1). educational system 2). railway system
2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
[典例]
1). He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。
2). Who should we lay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?
[重点用法] lay短语：
lay eggs 下蛋 lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）
lay sth. down 把某物放下 lay the blame on sb.责备某人
lay the table 摆桌子 lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests.
2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility.
3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days.
Keys: 1). lays 2). lays great stress on 3). lays/puts; aside
3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的 harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）
[典例]
Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意识到吸烟的危害。
[重点用法]
be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害 do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对……有害；伤害……
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health.
2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth.
3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). harmful 2). harm 3). Reading in the sun does a lot of harm to your eyes. = Reading in the sun does your eyes a lot of harm.= Reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes.
4. exist vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在
[典例]
1). Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命吗?
2). I can hardly exist on the wage I’ m getting. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以餬口。
[重点用法]
exist + prep. 存在于地方 exist on sth. 靠某物生存
[练习] 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). This plant ______ only ______ Australia.
2). Can you ______ ______ such a low salary?
3). I doubt the ______ (exist) of alien.
Keys: 1). exists; in 2). exist on to 3). existence
5. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题 puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人费解的
[典例]
1). Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。
2). Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙。
[重点用法]
sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难 sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对……感到迷惑
puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） puzzle one’ s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁
solve a puzzle 解决一个难题
[练习] 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). To explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories.
2). I _______ (puzzle) that I haven’ t heard from Liz for so long.
3). She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face.
4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began.
5). He _______ (puzzle) what to do next.
6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
Keys: 1). puzzling 2). am puzzled 3). puzzled 4). puzzle 5) was puzzled 6). What puzzles me
6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
[典例]
1). You push and I’ ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。
2). I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。
[重点用法]
pull ahead (of sb/sth) 领先（於某人/物）
pull (sb) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）
pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下）
pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）
pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）
pull together 同心协力；通力合作
[练习] 用pull短语的适当形式填空。
1). I arrived as the last train was ______ ______.
2). He ______ ______ a gun and aimed at the criminal.
3). So long as we ______ ______, there’ s no mountain top we can’t conquer.
Keys: 1). pulling out 2). pulled out 3). pull together
7. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的
[典例]
1). The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
2). He was greatly cheered by the news. 他听到这个消息非常高兴。
[重点用法]
cheer sb. on为某人加油 cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活
[练习] 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Your visit has greatly ______ him up.
2). The crowd ______ the runners ______ as they started the last lap.
3). You look as though you need ______ up.
Keys: 1). cheered 2). cheered; on 3). cheering
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. to begin with = to start with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
[典例]
To begin/start with, I couldn’ t understand a single word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。
[重点用法]
begin/start with 从……开始 begin/start sth with 从……开始……
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). He ______ his speech ______ a poem.
2). His speech ______ ______ a poem.
3). ______ ______ ______, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.
Keys: 1). began/started; with 2). began/started with 3). To start/begin with
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
[典例]
1). They caught the bus in time. 他们及时赶上了汽车。
2). If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。
[短语归纳] time短语：
in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟 in no time 立刻；马上
at no time永不…… at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度
at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时
all the time 一直；始终；老是 on time 按时；准时
by the time到……的时候为止 for the time being 暂时；暂且
take one’ s time不着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间
from time to time 不时地，间或 many a time 常常；多次
once upon a time 从前 at the same time 同时；尽管如此
ahead of time 提前，提早 race against time 争分夺秒
time and again 一次又一次；重复地 keep time (钟表)走得准
keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准 take one’ s time 慢慢来，别急
have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很……
It’ s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了
[练习] 用time短语填空。
1). They sent the mail to me just _______ _______, before I 1eft.
2). William arrived at the theatre just _______ _______ for the play was to be on.
3). Hurry up! The concert will begin _______ _______ _______.
4). _______ _______ _______ will I give up.
5). The boy laughed and cried _______ _______ ______ ______.
6). _______ _______ _______ he was addicted to playing web games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.
7). Don’t try to do everything at once; take it a bit _______ _______ _______.
8). You’ll have your own office soon, but ____ ___ ____ ____ you’ ll have to share one with me.
Keys: 1). in time 2). in time 3). in no time 4). At no time
5). at the same time 6). At one time 7). at a time 8). for the time being
3. in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
[典例]
I will see you, each in your turn. 我将要一个接着一个地看你。
[短语归纳] turn短语：
in turn轮流；一个接着一个 by turns轮流；一阵……一阵……
take turns (to do sth.)轮流（做某物） It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译句子。
1). She went hot and cold _______ _______.
2). 我们轮流着开车。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 今天轮到谁发言了？
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). by turns 2). We drove the car by turns / in turn. = We took turns to drive the car.
3). Whose turn is it to give a speech today?
4. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
[典例]
His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’ s game. 他背部的伤可能使他参加
不了明天的比赛。
【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中
from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，
三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’ s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因为没有keep sb’ s doing sth. 的句型。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。
1). Doctors took action to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (防止这种疾病的蔓延).
2). Of course I can’ t _______ your going abroad.
3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading 2). prevent / stop
3). The police prevented/stopped/kept them from carrying weapons.
= They were prevented/stopped/kept from carrying weapons.
5. block out 挡住（光线）
[典例]
That wall blocks out all the light. 那堵墙把光线都遮住了。
[短语归纳] out短语：
break out 爆发，发生 burst out 大声喊叫，突然…起来
go out 外出；过时；(灯)熄 put out 关(灯)；扑灭；生产
come out 出现，显露；出版，结果是
help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
look out留神；注意 watch out 注意；提防
find out 找出，查明，发现 pick out挑出，辨认出，分辨出
speak out 大声地说，大胆地说 think out仔细思考某事；想出（主意等）
hang out 挂出，闲逛 knocked out (拳击中)击倒，打昏
sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销 turn out 结果证明是
run out (of) 用完，耗尽 check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去
hand out 分发，散发 give out 分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等)
[练习] 用out短语填空。
1). At the end of the race his legs _______ _______ and he collapsed on the ground.
2). It’ s easy to _______ him _______ in a crowd because he is very tall.
3). His nwe book will _______ _______ next month.
4). We thought it was going to rain; it _______ _______ to be a find day.
5). We _______ _______ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.
Keys: 1). gave out 2). pick; out 3). come out 4). turned out 5). checked out
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
[典例]
Then we were off. 随后我们就启程了。
[短语归纳] off短语：
get off 下车 fall off 从……摔下来 take off 脱下；起飞 keep off 远离
turn off 关闭 pay off 付清，还清 set...off 给……送行 kick off 踢球
jump off 跳下 give off 散发 show off 炫耀 shut off 关闭
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译。
1). It is a Sunday and we _______ _______ (不用上班) today.
2). Her husband _______ _______ on a business trip somewhere.
3). There we saw a sign reading, “_______ _______ the grass”.
4). After ten years of hard work, she finally _______ _______ all her debts.
Keys: 1). are off 2). was off 3). Keep off 4). paid off
7. break out (灾难、战争等) 突发；爆发
[典例]
Fire broke out during the night. 夜间突然发生了火灾。
[短语归纳] break短语：
break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制） break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败
break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断
break into sth. 强行进入某处 break one’ s word/promise食言；说话不算数
[练习] 用break短语填空。
1). A terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas, 2004.
2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas?
3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______.
4). His house was _______ _______ last week.
Keys: 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken into
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
[典例]
Watch out! There’ s a car coming. 小心! 汽车来了。
[重点用法]
watch out for sb/sth 警惕或注意某人/事物 watch over 保护；照看
[练习] 用watch短语填空。
1). There must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day.
2). What problems should I _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house?
3). You’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______.
Keys: 1). watching over 2). watch out for 3). watch out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere. 它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
[解释]“be + 不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you are to go to her office after class. 你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。
2). The worst is still to come. 更糟糕的事情还会发生。
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow. = We are to hold a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is to be held tomorrow. 我们明天将开会。
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am. 这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you ______ ______ ______ to her office after class. (你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。)
2). The worst is still ______ ______ (come).
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow.
= We ____ _____ __ a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is ______ _____ ____ tomorrow.
4). 这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). are to go 2). to come 3). are to hold; to be held
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am.
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。
[解释] 此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1). We make it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
2). I find it hard to get along with him.
3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (规定) to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
2). I ______ ______ ______ (发现很难) to get along with him．
3). 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4). 我觉得我有责任帮助你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). make it a rule 2). find it hard 3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解释] twice as...as... “是……的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍” My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。例如：
1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one. 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
2). There are four times as many students as we expected. 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。
[解释] twice as ... as... 是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数 + as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍” My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数 + adj./adv.比较级 + than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth 等。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。There are _____ ______ _____ ____ ____ ____ we expected.
Keys: 1). This ruler is three times as long as that one.
= This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one.
2). four times as many students as
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
As the result of "Big Bang", the violent earth slowly settled into a globe 1 (move) around the sun. The gasses which were to make the earth's 2 （大气层）came into being from the explosion of the dust ball, with water 3 (follow) them while the earth cooled down. It allowed the beginning for life. Many millions of years 4 , the first 5 (极度的) small plants began to appear 6 the surface of the water, 7 (繁殖) and filling the sea and oceans, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. As time passed, green plants taking carbon dioxide and producing 8 （氧气）came to land and grew into forest. Later the chains of lives continued, such as insects, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs and mammals, the typical of 9 is human being. They don't only do 10 to the earth but cause damage to it.
答案：1. moving 2. atmosphere 3. following 4. later 5. extremely 6. on 7. multiplying 8. oxygen 9. which 10. good
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语，
短文解释了生命如何在地球上开始的。首先，地球爆炸和产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物，包括人类逐渐在地球上出现。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage explains how life began on the earth. At first, the earth exploded and produced water. And then plants and animals including human beings appeared on the earth gradually because water exists on the earth.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： what＋主语从句＋is … till +时间名词＋定语从句
【模仿1】他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：What gift he would give me was uncertain until yesterday afternoon when he came to see us.
【模仿2】没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到3年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：What jobs we will get is unknown until 3 years later when we will graduate from university.
2【原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: 主语从句＋ is ＋ that表语从句
【模仿1】他想告诉我们的是一天下文当他在回家的路上看见一只小鸟受伤了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：What he wanted to tell us is that one afternoon when he was on his way home he saw a bird which was dying.
【模仿2】他缺席的原因是他在上学时被一辆小车撞伤了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Why he was absent is that he was badly hurt by a car when he went to school.
3【原句】They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：which 引导一个定语从句对上句情况的进一步说明。
【模仿1】我们常常看到有人乱丢乱吐，这弄得我们的环境很脏
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：We often see some people throw rubbish and spit everywhere，which makes our environment dirty.
【模仿2】她的父母非常感激我们，医生也高度评价了我们的急救，这使得我们意识到学习急救的必要性。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Her parents were very thankful to us and the doctors thought highly of our first aid, which made us realize the necessity of learning first aid.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：196
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Who said: "If I didn't have bad luck, I wouldn't have any luck at all！" However，not all "bad luck" should be considered as a (n) 1 thing. When life gives you a kick, let it kick you 2 ! In the 1920s, Ernest Hemingway 3 something about "bad luck" and got just such a kick. He was 4 to succeed as a writer when 5 struck. He lost a suitcase containing all the manuscripts (手稿) that he had been planning to publish.
Hemingway couldn't imagine doing his work all over again. All those months of writing were simply 6 .
He told a friend about his bad luck, who told him it was actually very good 7 ! He assured (向...保证) Hemingway that when he rewrote the stories, he would forget the 8 parts; only the best material would reappear. He encouraged Hemingway to start again, but with optimism and 9 this time. Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer.
Don't pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability. Don't ask for smaller challenges; ask for greater 10 . When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards!
1. A. essential B. confusing C. acceptable D. bad
2. A. backwards B. off C. on D. forwards
3. A. learned B. said C. heard D. solved
4. A. waiting B. struggling C. dreaming D. wishing
5. A. challenges B. changes C. disaster D. failure
6. A. buried B. failed C. wasted D. undone
7. A. fortune B. result C. journey D. idea
8. A. weak B. important C. good D. last
9. A. knowledge B. confidence C. imagination D. luck
10. A. chance B. sympathy C. wisdom D. kick
答案：
文章用海明威的例子来说明一个问题：当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。
1. D 通读全文可知“不应该把所有的坏运气都看作坏事”(它也许是推动你前进的一次机会或者动力)。根据此意需要选 D项
2. D 根据文章最后一段可以得到提示：“When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards!” 当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。
3. A 海明威通过这个“厄运”学到了一些东西。学到了 / 学会了要用learn表达。
4. B 从第四段最后一句“Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer.”可知在他丢书稿的时候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)当中。
5. C 即将出版的书稿丢了，这对尚未成名的海明威来说不啻是一次灾难(disaster)。
6. C 这几个月的辛勤劳动的成果就这样付诸东流了(simply wasted)。
7. A 他向朋友哭诉时，朋友却认为这是运气（fortune）。从下文他劝告海明威重新来写作并且取得成功可以看出来。
8. A 忘记那些不太有印象的东西，这些也是小说里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak与the best相对。
9. B 朋友鼓励他要乐观(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence与optimism并列，表达相近的意思。
10. C 从前一句的 “Don’t pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability.”可知不是要祈祷问题会减少，而应该去起到自己获得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈祷少一些挑战，而应该祈祷自己具备更高的智慧 (greater wisdom)来应对这些挑战。不是寻找一个简单的解决途径，而是要可能的最佳的方法。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：143
完成时间：8分钟
难度：***
On Wednesday morning at eleven o'clock, I was walking down Main Street. I had just parked my car. Suddenly I heard two shots. I thought they 1 (come) from the bank. I ran toward the bank. I saw a man 2 (come) out. He was short and fat 3 a big moustache. More 4 (importance),he had a bag of money and a gun in his hands! 5 I could do anything, he ran up the street 6 disappeared behind a bus.
That afternoon I went to the movies. 7 happened? I saw the thief again at the foot of the stairs! I telephoned the police from a telephone next to the rest rooms. The police arrived in 8 than five minutes. They arrested the thief just as he 9 (buy) a chocolate bar from the candy machine. What an exciting day! And best of all, the bank gave me 10 $ 100 reward.
答案：
1．had come 考查动词的过去完成时态，表枪声在我想／认为之前发生：
2．Coming 考查动词短语see somebody doing sth．的结构：
3．with 介词，"有，具有"：
4．importantly more importantly表“更重要的是”：
5．Before 时间状语从句，表“在……之前”：
6．and and连接ran up...和disappeared两个动作，表并列关系：
7．What What happened?是固定句型，表惊讶：
8. 1ess less than 5 minutes表“不到五分钟”。
9．was buying 过去进行时态，表当时正在买巧克力时，警察逮捕了他：
10．a 表一份奖品：
3.信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
请阅读下列某书店各书架的相关信息：
Section A: Do-It-Yourself Section---On these shelves customers can find the latest manuals on how to do everything from building a computer to constructing your own home.
Section B: Sports & Leisure Section--Stocks a large range of the latest books on your favourite sporting teams and events. Pick up the perfect Father's Day present here.
Section C: Humour Section--A great selection of joke books, funny stories and wonderful real life adventures that are sure to keep the reader laughing for days.
Section D: Business & Finance--Students, business people or anyone interested in the world of commerce are certain to find the book they are after here. We have special subsection for international trade and e-commerce.
Section E: Biography--Find out about the lives of your favourite sports stars, singers, actors and other famous people from today and the past. Learn what they had to go through to become successful and the effect it had on their lives.
Section F: Education--Has a huge range of textbooks and supplementary material covering all the major high school and university subjects. Buyers showing their student cards receive a 15% discount on all purchases from this section.
阅读下列关于各书籍的信息，匹配书籍与其所应放置的书架：
1. The Delighted Eye--by Prof. John Nash--The 1994 Nobel Prize Winner for Economics, whose ideas have influenced a generation of the world's greatest economic minds, tells his life story: growing up in a small town in America, becoming one of America' s most influential mathematicians and his battles with mental illness.
2. Mother Tongue: The English Language -- by Bill Bryson-- Bryson ' s book is a journey through the history and different aspects of the English language, one that is both informative and hugely entertaining. As with most of Bryson's books, fun comes before facts and readers will be left with a smile on their faces.
3. Into Thin Air--by John Krakauer--is a riveting first-hand account of a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest. In March 1996, "Outside" magazine sent veteran journalist and experienced climber John Krakauer to join the team led by the famous Everest guide Rob Hall. Despite the expertise of Hall and the other leaders, by the end of the race eight people were dead.
4. Ready Made: How to Make (Almost) Everything--by Shoshena Berger and Grace Hawthorne--beautifully written with great factual information. The theme behind this book is re-use, re-claim, re-cycle and there are many detailed easy-to-do projects for the reader to try such as making a photo frame from a book cover or a pot for your plants from plastic shopping bags.
5. The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron--by Bethany McLean and Peter Elkind--As the title suggests the authors cover the rise of the American electricity company to become one of the 10 richest companies in the world and its spectacular fall into dishonour and bankruptcy. A perfect guide on what not to do in business.
答案：
1. E "Biography" 对应 "tell his life story" "learn what they had to go through" 对应 "mathematicians and his battles with mental illness"
2. C "keep the reader laughing"对应"readers will be left with a smile on their faces"
3. B "favorite sporting teams and events"对应"a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest"
4. A "on how to do everything"对应"the theme behind this book is reuse, reclaim..."
5. D "special subsection for international trade and e-commerce"对应"a perfect guide on what not to in business"
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文：
Hi, I am Mike! Personally, I prefer to study alone. I find studying alone more challenging and exciting.
Each time I come up with an idea after long time thinking, I feel a great sense of achievement. Studying alone also allows me to develop independent thinking which is a very important skill I need as I grow older and must solve the problems myself without the help of parents and teachers. Our teachers often encourage us to study in groups. I enjoy my friends' company, but in-group study, I find we spend far less time studying and more time playing games and having fun. It is for these reasons that I believe the most effective way to learn new knowledge is by studying alone.
[写作内容]
学校最近组织了一次中关学生交流活动，你参加其中的“合作学习”讨论：听完Mike的发言之后，你准备写一份发言稿，题目是“My View on Our Study”，内容要点包括：
1、以约30个词概括短文的要点：
2、以约120个词谈谈你对同学间是否必要合作学习的看法，并包括下面要点：
1)你对Mike的观点的评价;
2)你赞成哪一种学习方式，合作学习还是单独学习?
3)你以前采取什么学习方式，比较你先后采取两种学习方式上的变化及不同结果。
[写作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：热情enthusiasm, 合作学习study in groups，单独学习study alone。
2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：I prefer to study alone. I find studying alone more challenging
and exciting. / I believe the most effective way to learn new knowledge is by Studying alone.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是谈你对同学间是否必要合作学习的看法，属于评论性文字，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。但你以前采取何种学习方式属于经历，必须使用一般过去时态。
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答案：
The Best Way to Learn
In Mike's speech, we know that he likes to study alone because studying alone is the most effective, more challenging and exciting way to learn new knowledge.
Personally I like studying in groups. When studying in groups we can learn from each other, share our experiences in solving difficult problems and learn more in less time.
In the past I seldom had the confidence to discuss study topics with my classmates. I also had little enthusiasm for studying as I found it very boring. But following my teachers' advice I joined a study group and to my surprise my performance in class was improved greatly. Studying became more enjoyable and something I looked forward to doing, as I was able to learn from as well as help others. So for me, studying in groups is by far the most effective way to learn.
Unit 5 Canada — “The True North”
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. within / in 2. broad / wide / widely / broadly 3. in / on / to (表示方位)
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.
词形
变化
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大
的 n.加拿大人
2. multi-
(构词成分) 有很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj. 多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的
5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实
6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的
8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似
重点
单词
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕
4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配
6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
7. terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓
8. impress vt. 使印象深刻
重点
词组
1. rather than 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
2. settle down 坐下或躺下；（使）安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
5. in the distance在远处；在远方
6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
重点句子
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world.
重点语法
同位语从句（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. within / in
【解释】
within指在时间或距离范围之内，表示“在这一范围内”，“不到”或“不超过”，常和一般将来时，一般现在时或一般过去时连用
in 是经过若干时间，表示“过多少时间”时，通常和一般将来时连用
[经典例句] I’ ll be there within an hour.（一小时之内）/ I’ ll be there in an hour.（一小时之后）
【练习】根据句子意思用within或in填空。
1). My birthday is six days away. = My birthday is ______ six days’ time / is ______ six days.
2) He finished drawing the horse ______ ______five minutes.
3). Keep the dictionary _______ your reach. the ground is all wet.
4). My house is_____ walking distance of my university.
答案：1). in; in 2). in / within 3). within 4). within
2. broad / wide / widely / broadly
【解释】
broad adj. 宽阔的(着重于幅面的宽广)；可修饰背、肩、胸、心胸等的宽阔；开朗
wide adj.&adv. 宽阔的(着重于一边到另一边的宽度)；广泛的
widely adv. 很开(阔)；广泛(多用于引伸意义中)
broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上(generally)
【练习】根据句子意思用broad，wide，widely，broadly填空。
1). The hotel manager was shocked and stoof there with his mouth ______ open.
2). He was six feet tall, with ______ shoulders.
3). English is _______ used all over the world.
4). _______ speaking, I agree with you.
5). The room is three metres long and two metres _______.
答案：1). wide 2). broad 3). widely 4). Broadly 5). wide / broad
3. in / on / to (表示方位)
【解释】
in “在……之内”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。
on “在……端／边”，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖。
to “在……面”，即一个地方在另一个地方的范围之外，互不管辖。尤其当两个地方相隔较远，且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔时，通常用to。把河流、山脉、铁路等事物当做两地的分界线或基点，且不说明河流、山脉、铁路等是属于哪一方，通常使用介词to，译为“以……(方向)”。此外，表示一个地方离另一个地方有多远，也用to。
【练习】根据句子意思用in，on，to填空。
1). China faces the Pacific ______ the east.
2). China lies ______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
3). North Korea is ______ the northeast of China.
4). Taiwan is ______ the southeast of Fujian Province.
5). The little town lies about one hundred miles ______ the west of Guilin.
答案：1). on 2). in; to 3). on 4). to 5). to
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.
【解释】
manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth. difficult 设法做成某些困难的事
try to do sth. = seek to do sth. 设法做某事（不一定做成）
attempt to do sth.= try to so sth. difficult设法做某些困难的事（不一定做成）
【练习】根据句子意思用manage，try，attempt，seek的适当形式填空。
1). He was stubborn, but we _______ to persuade him.
2). He _______ to swim across the river, but failed.
答案：1). managed 2). tried/sought/attempted
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大的
n.加拿大人
2. multi- (构词成分) 有
很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj.多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的
5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实
6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的
8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). When asked, she _________ (confirmation) that she was going to retire.
2). He left as a poor, working class boy and returned as a ________ (wealth) man.
3). Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a ________ (distance) nod.
4). Britain is increasingly a ________ (多元文化的) society.
5). Earthquakes are ________ (extreme) difficult to predict.
6). The ________ ( distant) between his house and school is quite short.
7). The color black is ________ (tradition) associated with mourning.
8). Nowadays many young people still have ________ (tradition) family values.
9). Among my pen pals, two are ________ (Canada).
10). The job will take ________ (approximate) three weeks.
答案：1). confirmed 2). wealthy 3). distant 4). multicultural 5). extremely
6). distance 7). traditionally 8). traditional 9). Canadians 10). approximately
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
[典例]
1). What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麽?
2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).（关於她的工作）我和她聊了很久。
[重点用法]
chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈……
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。
1). She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.
2). We had a nice chat _______ (介词) a cup of tea.
答案：1). chatting 2). over
2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
[典例]
1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。
2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飞机向东边飞去。
[词语归纳]
eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地 westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地
southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地 northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地
southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地
northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地
northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.
2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an __________ direction.
答案：1). westward(s) 2). southward(s)
3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕 surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境
[典例]
1). Trees surround the pond. 树木围绕着池塘。
2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。
[重点用法]
surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 周围都是……
[练习] 用surround的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.
2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.
3). She has always been _______ _______fashionable friends.
4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.
5). With the house_______, the thief couldn’t flee and was caught.
答案：1). Surrounded 2). surrounding 3). surrounded with 4). surroundings 5). surrounded
4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
[典例]
1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗?
2). It’ s hard to measure his ability when we haven’ t seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。
[重点用法]
measure A by B 用B衡量A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米
measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’ s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服
[练习] 用measure的短语填空或翻译句子。
1). The tailor made a suit ______ _______ _______.
2). Success isn’ t _______ _______ how much money you have.
3). 我们教室的尺寸是长10米宽6米。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). to my measure 2). measured by 3). Our classroom measures 6 metres by 10 metres.
5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配 mixture n.[u,c] 混合（物）；混合状态
[典例]
1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。
2). Oil and water don’ t mix. 油和水不能混合。
3). Oil won’ t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。
[词语归纳] mix的短语：
mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来 mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物
mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起
[练习] 用mix的短语的适当形式或介词填空。
1). Don’ t try to _______ business ______ pleasure.
2). Mix the eggs ______ the flour.
3). I don’ t want to ______ ______ ______ in the affair.
答案：1). mix; with 2). into 3). be mixed up
6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
[典例]
1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。
2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的妈妈住在附近。
[重点用法]
nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：
There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.
7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的
[典例]
1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。
2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。
[重点用法]
be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）
[练习] 用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。
1). She ______ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
2). She was terrified ______ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
3). It was a ______ experience.
答案：1). was terrified that 2). at 3). terrifying
8. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impression n.[c]印象；感想 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
[典例]
1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。
2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。
[重点用法]
impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物
make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 给……一个印象
have/get the impression that 有……的印象
[练习] 用impress的短语或介词填空。
1). Father _______ _______ me the value of hard work.
2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.
3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.
4). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.
答案：1). impressed; on 2). impressed; with 3). made; impression upon 4). had the impression that
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. rather than... 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
[典例]
1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。
2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price与其让蔬菜烂掉，他半价把它们卖掉。
[重点用法]
do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A
A rather than B 是A而不是B
would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做B
prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做B
would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事
注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.
2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.
3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.
4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ____ throw them away, though many are useless.
5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).
6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_____________________________________________
答案：1). rather than 2). ride; to ride 3). hadn’ t come 4). rather than 5). rather than; is to blame
6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street.
2. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
[典例]
1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。
2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麽时候结婚过上安定生活?
[短语归纳] 与settle相关的短语：
settle down to… 使某人安下心来做…… settle (down) in ... 在……定居下来
settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). Something is disturbing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心来) his work.
2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.
3). They have finally ______ _______ ______ Canada.
答案：1). settle down to work 2). doing 3). settled down in
3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
[典例]
He was happy to catch sight of an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。
[短语归纳] sight短语：
lose sight of 看不见；不再看见 keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离
at (the) sight of 一看到（就） in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内
out of sight 看不见；在视线外 have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差
[练习] 用sight的短语填空。
1). ______ ______ ______ his mother, the boy stopped crying.
2). She watched the train until it went ______ ______ ______.
3). I __ ___ ___ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I __ __ __ him.
4). Be sure to ______ ______ ______ your luggage while you’ re at the airport.
答案：1). At the sight of 2). out of sight 3). caught sight of; lost sight of 4). keep sight of
4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
[典例]
1). He has a gift for music. 他有音乐天才。
2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages. 你有学外语的天赋。
[重点用法]
have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对……有天赋；有做某事的才能
a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人
a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories.
2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher.
5. in the distance 在远处；在远方
[典例]
1). We can see the mountain in the distance. 我们从远处就可以看到那座山。
2). Night fell. The hills in the distance turned dark blue. 夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。
[短语归纳] distance短语：
at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些 from a distance从远方
keep a distance别靠近 keep sb. at a distance对某人保持疏远
[练习] 用distance的短语或介词填空。
1). We can see a windmill ______ the distance.
2). The picture looks better ______ a distance.
3). He was asked many times to join the party, but he always ______ ______ ______.
答案： 1). in 2). at 3). kept his distance
6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
[典例]
1). I’ ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我陪你走到邮局。
2). I’ ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已读到第三章了。
[短语归纳] far短语：
as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知
as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得
as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言
far from sth 毫不；一点也不； 远非
So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。
[练习] 用far的短语填空。
1). _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.
2). The problem is _______ _______ _______ (绝非易事).
3). We’ ll go by train ______ ______ ______ (直到) London, and then take a bus.
答案：1). As far as I’ m concerned 2). far from easy 3). as far as
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90米。
[解释]1. so...that 如此……以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句，如：
She was so angry that she couldn’ t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。
辨析：so...that与such...that：
so...that与such...that意思一致，that均引导结果状从句，但是so为副词，such为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。
① so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句
She is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。
② such + adj. + 复名 + that从句或such + a(n) + 单名+ that从句
She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。
They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes. 他们是如此淘气以致于经常犯错误。
提示：在so十much／many／little／few + n. +that从句结构中，little当“少”讲，接在so之后，但当little当“小”讲时，应接在such之后。如：
They are such little children that they can’ t look after themselves.
他们是那么小的孩子还不能自理。
Our team played so well that we won the game. = Our team played well enough to win the game.
我们的球队踢得真好，结果赢得了比赛。
[解释]2. some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语，如：
(1) 作时间状语 The meeting over, they left the hall.
(2) 作原因状语 My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.
(3) 作条件状语 Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明 Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.
[练习] 根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。
1). She is _______ lovely a girl _______ all pf us like very much.
2). They are _______ little worms _______we can’ t see them with our eyes.
3). The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.
4). Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
5). He came into the room, his ears _______ _______ _______ (冻得发紫).
6). He came out of the library, a book _______ _______ _______ (夹在胳膊下).
答案：1). so; that 2). such; that 3). finished 4). permitting 5). his ears red with cold 6). under his arm.
2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水量比世界上其他任何一个国家都多。
[解释] (1) 用比较级表示最高级，同一范围内比较时，常用“主语+动词+比较级+than any other+单名”或“主语+动词+比较级+than any of the other+复名”。
(2) 不同范围内比较，常用“主语+动词+比较+than any+单名”。
[练习] 句子翻译。
1). 他是班里最高的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). He is taller than anyone else in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any other student in his class.
2). China is larger than any country in Africa.
= China is larger than all the countries in Africa.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
My cousin and I travelled 1 Canada by train. We saw many beautiful 2 (风景) and wild animals from the train 3 the way 4 the Rocky Mountains. The city 5 Thunder Bay is a port in the centre of Canada. In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the 6 (薄雾) from Niagara Falls. When we arrived in Montreal, we saw many signs and ads 7 French. Then we went to Old Montreal, 8 (sit) in a typical cafe beside the St Lawrence River. We spent the afternoon doing some shopping in shops and visiting the artists in their 9 （工作场所）. People there speak English but the city has 10 (France ) culture and tradition.
答案：1. across 2. scenery 3. on 4. through 5. of 6. mist 7. in 8. sitting 9. workplaces 10. French
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
短文告诉我们，两个中国女孩李黛云和刘倩在前往加拿大的旅途中，在火车上她们看到美丽的景色，野生动物，参观了许多有趣的地方，并获得了一些有关加拿大的资讯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage tells us when they took a trip across Canada by train, two Chinese girls Li Daiyu and Liu Qian saw beautiful scenery, wild animals and visited many interesting places and got some information about the country.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. 那天的清晨，当火车穿越落基山脉时，她们设法看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。
(课文中类似的句子还有：That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto. 那天夜里她们睡着了，火车越过苏必利尔湖，穿过大森林，朝南向多伦多飞驰着。
That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves. 那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河疾驰，朝圣劳伦斯湾驶去，一直开到远方的东海岸，姐妹两个做梦都在想着法国餐馆和红色枫叶。)
[模仿要点] 时间状语短语＋when / while / as 引导的从句＋主句
【模仿1】黄昏，我正在和一群孩子在河边玩。忽然发现岸边的人们都被染成金黄色。同时，水面上，大坝上和树都被笼罩在一片金色光辉中。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：At dusk, while I was playing with a group of children near the river, I suddenly found that people at the bank were painted golden yellow. At the same time the surface of the river, the dams and the trees around us were enveloped by the red light.
【模仿2】在春天，当的雨季已经过去, 漫长炎热的夏天还没有到来, 在这季节交替的时间, 温斯堡城外的乡野生机岸然. 小城的四周是开阔的田野, 田地外可见一片片赏心悦目的林地.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：In the spring when the rains have passed and before the long hot days of summer have come, the country about Winesburg is delightful. The town lies in the midst of open fields, but beyond the fields are pleasant patches of wood-lands.
2【原句】Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities一路向东行，你们会经过一座座山脉，-上千个湖泊，森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。
[模仿要点] 并列表达：A and B , as well as C and D
【模仿1】当你沿着小径漫步时，你会看见幽静的小径旁点缀着各种树木和花草，树下还有一下百色的木椅，花坛旁还有一些石凳。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：When you are walking along the path in the woods, you can see many kinds of trees and flowers on the both sides of the quiet path, as well as white wood armchairs under the tress and stone benches near the flower beds.
【模仿2】沿着小路走着，我们感到非常的惬意伴随着太阳灿烂地照耀着，伴随着微风轻轻地吹着 ，伴随着美丽的花儿对我们微笑着，伴随着鸟儿在树上唱着甜美的歌.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Walking along the road, we felt quite pleased with the sun shining brightly and with the breeze blowing gently. as well as beautiful flowers smiling at us and little birds singing their sweet songs in the trees,
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：220
完成时间：15分钟
难度：***
At the end of the nineteen century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen began to study the effect of sunlight on certain diseases. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in 1 produced rays.
A Swiss doctor, Auguste Rollier, also found that Sunlight could cure a great many diseases in his hospital at Leysin. Leysin is a small village high up in the Alps. The 2 is important. The rays of the sun with the greatest healing power are the inflated ( 红外线的) and ultraviolet (紫外线的) rays; but ultraviolet rays are too easily lost in fog and the 3 air near industrial towns.
There were a large number of children in Dr Rollier's hospital. He decided to start a hospital school where sick children could be 4 and continue to learn. It was not long before his school was 5 .
In 6 , wearing only shorts and socks, the children left the hospital after breakfast. Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slope which 7 the sun. There they 8 their desks and chairs, and school began.
Rollier's pupils were very seldom cold. That was because their bodies were full of 9 which they got from the sun. But the doctor knew that sunshine can also be dangerous. If, for example, tuberculosis肺结核is 10 the lungs, unwise sunbathing may do great harm.
1. A. technically B. artificially C. deliberately D. constantly
2. A. position B. construction C. relation D. process
3. A. thin B. cold C. warm D. polluted
4. A. taught B. cured C. examined D. analyzed
5. A. full B. empty C. legal D. available
6. A. hospital B. summer C. winter D. school
7. A. got B. avoided C. faced D. covered
8. A. set out B. put forward C. left out D took up
9. A. antivirus B. strength C. enthusiasm D. energy
10. A. hurting B. attacking C. curing D. breaking
答案：
1. B 由前半句的natural可以推知此处填“人造的光线”。
2. A 由前文可知医院建在阿尔卑斯山上，地理位置很重要。
3. D 由后文可知：紫外线在工业城镇中的大雾和污染的空气中都会消失。
4. B 学生在学校中既能得到治疗又能继续学习。
5. A 由最后一段可知，这类学校很有用，故选full ，意为学校满员。
6. C 由下文Their teacher led them over the snow可知。
7. C 斜坡“lope”应该朝阳，这样才能晒太阳。
8. A 学生们摆放桌椅开始上课。其他词组意义不合适。
9. D 结合上文可知，“能量来自太阳”。
10. B 由后文可知，当结核病不断攻击肺部的时候，不恰当的日光浴会带来伤害。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：162
完成时间：9分钟
难度：***
While Emily was working on her French lessons or watching football games on TV, George was working for his father in his store 1 school. He liked selling things to people. Mr. Peters found George so 2 (help) that he thought about offering him a higher pay.
In fact, it was football 3 brought Emily and George back together. 4 George was going home one afternoon, he looked in the window of Emily's living-room and he saw that she 5 (watch) a football game on TV. He walked up and knocked at the door. Emily was surprised to see him, 6 she asked him to come in, and they watched 7 rest of the game together. Emily and George are good friends again. They still have different ideas about things sometimes, but they agree with 8 that football is the world's best game. Mrs. Mason doesn't seem to 9 (approve) of her daughter's interest in football as 10 as she used to.
答案：
1．after 根据上下文情节为放学之后。
2．Helpful so…that…句型中，so后面接形容词或副词。
3．that 此题考强调句式It is+强调部分+that….
4．When when引导的是时间状语从句。
5．was watching 考查过去进行时态。
6．but 此处表转折关系。
7．the the rest表足球赛的剩余部分。
8．each other 表两者之间的相互。
9．disapprove 考查前缀dis—表反义词，意为：不赞成，不许可。
10．much 考查as much as同级比较表程度。
3.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：340
完成时间：6分钟
难度：**
To "sacrifice" means to give up something for the sake of something else. We decided to sacrifice our luxurious city life to move to a seaside village with our children aged 9 and 3. In the city, we had a beautiful home and plenty of money but little real security because crime was on the increase every day. We never knew if we would all make it home safely each night.
We were very happy in the new town but life was very difficult economically. Our income was very much dependent on tourism and the jobs at other times are few. Although many of the long-standing residents live well, it is a very competitive environment for newcomers.
Reading the newspapers from big cities assured us that we had made the right choice. There is so much violence and crime there! However, it was not always easy to explain to the children why they could no longer have what they used to have, especially when our "rich" friends came from the city to visit us. Generally, they have so much but think they have so little and are always looking for more.
One day, one of our rich friends came to visit us. His son preferred riding in the back of our beat-up little pickup (小卡车) to his father' s big modern car. Our little daughter called me and said, “Mom, please help me to explain to James the reason why he is wrong. He said, ' today, if you don't have money you are nothing.' I know that is not true. If you do have money you share it with your friends and if they don't have money, you share it with them. That is what makes us all rich." This made me realize that the sacrifice was well worth it. Our kids understand that they may not have all the spoils of city life but they do have a solid set of values and they know that our most precious gifts are our good friends and a wonderful environment.
1. What was the reason why the family moved away from the city?
A. They were tired of city life.
B. The city was not safe enough.
C. The people in the city were not friendly.
D. The cost of living in the city was too high.
2. Why was it "a very competitive environment" for them according to the author?
A. The residents were all very poor.
B. It was hard to make a living.
C. Their children couldn't get what they had in the city.
D. They had few friends in their new environment.
3. What assured the author that they had made the right choice according to the passage?
A. What she read in the newspaper.
B. The beautiful scenery of countryside.
C. The residents' living conditions.
D. That fact that they had been accustomed to the new place.
4. What does the underlined word "beat-up" probably mean?
A. Old. B. Convenient. C. Powerful. D. Expensive.
5. What did the family gain from their sacrifice?
A. They had a beautiful house in the seaside village.
B. They made a lot of money during the tourist seasons.
C. The parents got very good jobs in the new town.
D. The children developed good values.
答案：
城市里的犯罪率不断上升，作者一家感到非常不安全，因此他们放弃了富裕的城市生活，举家搬迁到一个海边小镇，他们在小镇的生活经济状况并不好，但是孩子却形成了正确的价值观，作者认为这一点正是他们放弃城市生活最有价值的回报。
1.B 细节理解题。从文章的第一段最后两句话“In the city, we had a beautiful home and plenty of money but little real security because crime was on the increase every day. We never knew if we would all make it home safely each night.”可知作者一家离开城市的原因是因为感到城市里不安全，因此选B。
2.B 细节判断题。从文章第二段第二句“Our income was very much dependent on tourism and the jobs at other times are few.”我们可知，新环境是一个充满竞争的地方，工作很少，经济收入不稳定，因此很难谋生。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Reading the newspapers from big cities assured us that we had made the right choice.”可知，作者在报纸上读到的信息使她确信所做的选择是正确的，因此选A。
4.A 猜测词义题。与后面的to his father’s big modern car形成对比，这里指的是破旧的小卡车，因此选A。
5.D 细节判断题。纵观全文，作者先陈述了搬迁的理由，然后陈述了搬迁后的一些不适，但在文章的最后一段作者听了女儿的一番话后，感觉到他们的决定没错，因为孩子形成了正确的价值观。
4.基础写作
假如今天是10月10号，星期天，天气晴朗。下午你要到你家附近书店去买一本英英词典，路上你遇见了一位迷路的新西兰老太太，史密斯太太，你没有去书店，而是把她送回了宾馆。一路上你用英语和她交谈。你向她介绍了你市的几个著名景点。史密斯太太也向你介绍了一些新西兰的情况。虽然没有买到书，但你却有很多收获。
[写作要求]
1. 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇日记，使用必要的连接词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
October, loth, Sunday Sunny
I went to a bookstore near my home to buy an English-English dictionary this afternoon. On my way to the bookstore, I met Mrs Smith from New Zealand, who had lost her way, and I decided to take her to her hotel instead of going to the bookstore. While we were going there, we talked a lot in English with each other. I told her some of the places of interest in our city and Mrs Smith told me something about her country.
Though I didn't buy the dictionary, I felt very happy for I had helped her and had the chance to practice my spoken English.
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
单元要点预览 （旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
2. celebrate / congratulate 3. gather / collect 4. award / reward
词形
变化
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的 beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的independent
adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖independence n. 独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
重点
单词
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
重点
词组
1. take place 发生;举行
2. in memory of 纪念；追念
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
4. play a trick on对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑
5. look forward to盼望；期待
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
7. keep one’ s word 守信用；履行诺言
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
9. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
重点句子
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
重点语法
情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测 2．征询意见（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
【解释】
take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。
come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。
1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.
2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.
3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?
4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant.
5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week.
6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
答案：1). taken place 2). It occurred to me that 3). happened; to 4). broke out
5). came about 6). occurred / happened
2. celebrate / congratulate
【解释】
celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。
congratulate“祝贺”，一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.
2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus.
3). Let’s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
答案： 1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on
3. gather / collect
【解释】
gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。
collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集
这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表 “ 聚集；聚拢 ” 。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week.
2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot.
3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left.
4). So when did you start ________ antique glass?
答案： 1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting
4. award / reward
【解释】
award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.
vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward
vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest.
2). Is that how you ________ me for my help?
3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
答案：1). awarded 2). reward 3). award; for
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，
美的东西
beautiful adj. 美的，美丽的
beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地
beautify v.美化，变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰
religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足；使满意
satisfaction n.满意
satisfying adj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达，到来
arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于
dependent adj.依靠的,依赖的
independent adj.独立的,自主的
dependence n.信赖，依赖
independence n.独立，自立
6. energy n. 活力，精力，
能源
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地，积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错
apology n. 道歉，认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的；十分糟
糕的，令人伤心遗憾的
sadly adv. 悲哀地；凄惨地
sadness n.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). We should respect the ________ (religion) activities of the local people.
2). To the experts’ _________ (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery.
3). He is the most _________ (energy) boy I have ever met.
4). Nowadays lots of young people want financial ________ (depend) .
5). Mike was arrested on his ________ (arrive) from New York.
6). You must make an ________ (apologize) to your sister for being so rude.
7). He expressed his ________ (sad) about what had happened.
8). Their house is ________ (beauty) decorated.
答案： 1). religious 2). satisfaction 3). energetic 4). independence
5). arrival 6). apology 7). sadness 8). beautifully
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
[典例]
1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。
[重点用法]
(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着… (sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…
had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事 be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…
(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事 What do／did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思？”
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)?
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.
4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______（本来打算来）yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come
6).These rooms are meant for the children’s centre.
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 starvation n.[u] 饿死
[典例]
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner. 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
[重点用法]
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物
[练习] 用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.
2). These children are ________ ________ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信
[典例]
1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。
2). She has lost her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。
[重点用法]
have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that... 相信 ……
It is my belief that... 我相信……
[练习] 用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him.
2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral.
3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
答案：1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
[典例] 该词有三种含义：
1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西
He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。
2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加
He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。
3).（钟，表）走快
This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。
[重点用法]
gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立
gain sth. from 从……处获得某物
gain other’ s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任
No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.[u] 钦佩；羡慕
[典例]
1). I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。
2). I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。
[重点用法]
admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人 in admiration赞美地/钦佩地
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
2). All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.
3). I watched the girl playing the piano in admiration.
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许 permit vt. /p?: mit/ 准许；许可；允许 permit n./ p?: mit /许可（证）；执照
[典例]
You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。
[重点用法]
with/without (one’ s) permission得到允许/未经允许
ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可
give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
have one’ s permission得到某人的同意
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). They entered the area _______ _______ (未经允许).
2). The prison authorities permit _______ (visit) only once a month.
3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _______ (permit).
4). You will need to obtain planning _______ (permit) if you want to extend your house.
答案：1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). These photos remind me of my childhood.
2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你！
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
答案：1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interrupting
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 in place of (介词短语)代替；交换
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 in the last place 最后
in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的 out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的
in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______?
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
答案： 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念；追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语：
in honour of 为了纪念……；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂
in favor of 赞同, 支持 in charge of 负责 in need of 需要
in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有
in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案：1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服－－就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语：
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人
be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
答案：1). on 2). being played
5. look forward to 盼望；期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：
lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持
add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责，处理
get close to接近；差点 get down to着手做… get/be used to 习惯 pay attention to 注意…
put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给；致力于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
答案：1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。
[短语归纳] turn 短语：
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱，降低，拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头
turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是
turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助，查阅
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案：1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语：
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说……
leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算
have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵
take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案：1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语：
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气
catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口气
lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气
get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌
save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案：1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
[典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。
[短语归纳] set短语：
set off for a place 出发到某地
set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事
set out 从某地出发上路 set out to do sth. 开始做某事
set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立
set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间
[练习] 用set词组填空。
1). The new government must _____ ____ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.
3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero.
5). They’ ve ______ ______ on a journey round the world.
答案： 1). set about 2). set off 3). sets aside 4). set up 5). set off/out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。
[解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句：
1). 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。
2). 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’ s going to rain．看样子天要下雨了。
3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The pencil looks as if it _______ (break) with half of it in the glass of water.
2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he ______ (be) an Englishman.
3). It seems as if our team ______ (be) going to win.
4). He talks about pyramids as though he ______ (see) them himself.
答案： 1). were broken 2). were 3). is 4). had seen
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。
[解释] It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：
It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……，显而易见……”
It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do
It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that …
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 真奇怪，这么重要的会议，他居然缺席。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 显然，你错了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 他竟然向我们撒慌，真是可耻。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4). 据报道，双方的会谈有进展。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). It was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting.
2). It is obvious that you are wrong. / Obviously, you’ re wrong.
3). It was a shame that he should have lied to us.
4). It is reported that the talks between the two sides are making progress.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
There are all kinds of celebrations 1 （遍及）the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, the Dragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 （古代的） poet, Ou Yuan. The most energetic and important 5 （节日 ）are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7 , people eat such things 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 10 （二月） .
答案： 1. throughout 2. dead 3 be held 4. ancient 5. festivals 6. which 7. China
8. as 9. exciting 10. February
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
文章告诉了我们世界各地五种重要节日并解释了人民为什么，在何时以及如何举行各种活动来庆祝这些节日。
The passage tells us
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage tells us five kinds of important festivals throughout the world and explains why, when and how people hold different kinds of activities to celebrate them.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】．At that time people would starve if（when）food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿
[模仿要点]句子结构： when/ if +从句 ， especially + 强调
【模仿1】在我们遇到麻烦时他总是乐于帮助我们，尤其是在我们在英语学习中遇到困难时。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：He is always ready to help us when we are in trouble, especially when we come across some difficulties in our English studies
2【原句】．Today's festivals have many origins, some religions, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：“一些…，一些…”表达
【模仿】我非常荣幸有机会和这么多优秀的同学一起学习，有些非常热心，有些非常勤奋，有些非常善良。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is an honor for me to have the chance to study with so many excellent/ good students, some warm-hearted , some diligent and some kind.
3【原句】 India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：逗号＋同位语＋定语从句
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人，她是我的英语老师，在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我挑战自己。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I will never forget Mrs Brown, my English teacher who always encouraged us to challenge myself when I was disappointed.
4 【原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：…are the ones ＋ 定语从句
【模仿】最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如果获取知识的人
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：The most experienced and helpful teachers are the ones who can not only offer us knowledge but also tell us the way how to gain knowledge.
5【原句】 The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：分词作定语covered with …插入 looks as if /as though
【模仿】他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书，看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：His room, filled with all kinds of books here and there, looks as if it is a small library.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：202
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled( 推动，迫使) by some unseen 1 to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. 2 a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very 3 that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form __ 4 habits, some of which remain with them as 5 as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by ___6 .
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great 7 . Many successful men say that much of their success has 8 to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness(彻底性).
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on, these are all 9 formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been __10
We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
1. A. action B. courage C. force D. energy
2.A. For B. Once C. Because D. If
3. A. possible B. important C. useful D. helpful
4. A. good B. useless C. bad D. unchangeable
5. A. far B. soon C. long D. early
6. A. themselves B. them C. one D. oneself
7. A. help B. harm C. uselessness D. hardness
8. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
9. A. possible B. hardly C. difficult D. easily
10. A. forgotten B. remembered C. kept D. avoided
答案：
1.C 根据句意，此空是说“被一种无形的力量驱使”所以应该用force，选C。
2. B 这句意思是说“一旦形成习惯就很难摆脱”。
3. B “因为习惯一旦形成很难改变，所以我们养成一种什么样的习惯是非常重要的”，根据上下的逻辑，这里应该选用important。
4. C 根据后面“Older persons also form bad habits”，得知这里应该选C。
5. C “as long as they live”在文中表示这样的坏习惯会伴随他们一生。
6. B “老人有时候会被坏习惯毁灭”，这里应该填一个代词指代前面的坏习惯，所以用them。
7. A 这句话承上启下，上文讲了坏习惯给人带来的影响，这里讲好习惯对人很有帮助。
8. C “成功与好习惯有很大关系”，与…有关是have something to so with…。
9. D 这里应该填一个副词，所以首先排除A和C，根据意思，是说这些坏习惯是很容易形成的，故D是正确的。
10. D “避免形成这样的习惯”，句子用的是被动语态，所以用avoided是正确的。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数：192
完成时间：9分钟
难度：***
Christ child Market is a pleasant festival for children in Kitchener, Canada. My husband, my daughter and I attended 1 this year.
As we walked through Victoria Park, I breathed in the fresh smell of winter. The bare branches of the trees were shining with Christmas lights 2 the new-fallen snow. In the open areas were children, parents, grandparents and their relatives, 3 smiling as they held their can dies in their hands and waited 4 (patience) for the magic event to begin.
As we joined the crowds, we quickly forgot about that COM, for I saw the excitement of the children and the 5 (welcome) smiles of the people around me. Soon the crowd moved to Kitchener City Hall. In the distance we could see all the officials 6 (wait) for us. At the center of the square, the summertime fountain had turned to ice, 7 young children were playing about.
8 the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began: songs, dances and 9 performances. Then the Christmas lights on the Christmas tree were turned 10 , causing everyone to cheer with delight. Christ child Market officially opened!
[语法填空]
作者在本文中主要介绍了自己参加加拿大的一个儿童节日的经历。
1.it 前面提到Christ child Market这个节日，这里缺少宾语，用it。
2.against against在这里是“以……为背景；衬托”的意思。在新雪的衬托下，树木光秃秃的 树枝在圣诞节的灯光中熠熠生辉。
3.all 前面提到children, parents, grandparents and their relatives，那么他们所有的人都在微笑， 用all指代他们所有人。
4.patiently patience的副词形式是patiently。
5.welcoming welcoming的意思是“热情的，欢迎的，友好的”。
6. waiting see sb. doing表示“看见某人正在做……”
7. where where关系副词在从句中作状语表示前面的at the center of the square。
8. With with在这里表示“随着……”
9. other 前面提到唱歌，跳舞，那么这里就是其他节目。
10. on 圣诞树上的圣诞灯被打开了，turn on固定搭配。
3.信息匹配
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下是演讲会的资料：
A
Are you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng)? Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.
Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)
Time: 9:30 A.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 84615522
B
“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world．How much do you know about it? Get all the answers at this free lecture.
Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)
Time: 9:00 A．m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 64013356
C
Former United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.
Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)
Time: 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 68488047
D
Qi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works? Then come to spend the time with us.
Venue: Beijing Art Academy
Time: 9:00 A．m. – 11:00 A．m.
Price: 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 65023390
E
It is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogs – man’s best friend? What is “Fu” and where does it come from? Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door? Get all the answers from this free lecture.
Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)
Time: 2:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 - 67358114
F
About 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of Sino–Western exchanges.
Venue: Beijing Art Museum
Time: 2:00 p. m. – 5:00 p. m.
Price: 20 yuan, students 10 yuan
Tel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息，请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
1. Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
2. Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about it.
3. Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
4. Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises (合资企业).
5. Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
答案：
1. D 由演讲中的信息：a poet, calligrapher, and seal-cutter；对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：Chinese writing, drawing, writing poems。
2. B 由演讲中的信息：Jiaguwen, the oldest pictographic characters in the world, Chinese ancient characters。对应想去听演讲的人员的基本信息：He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters.
3. E 由演讲中的信息：the year of the Dog, see “Fu” everywhere, Chinese festivals as well as their history。对应了想去听演讲的人员的基本信息they are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture.
4. C 由演讲中的信息：interpreter, the cultural differences between East and West。对应 work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises
5. A 由演讲中的信息：Dream of the Red Mansion(Hong Lou Meng), Chinese ancient literature。对应They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
4.基础写作
在当今世界，了解最新信息是很关键的。请你结合下面的提示，写一篇关于信息的短文。
信息的重要性
1．在许多领域，成功与否取决于是看得到最新信息
2．失败与缺乏信息有关
信息的来源渠道
1．阅读报刊、收听广播、观看电视等
2．上网查询资料
信息的前景
信息将起着越来越重要的作用
(写作要求)
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
In the modem world, it is important to be well informed, because success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. While, failure often results from the lack of necessary information.
There are many ways of getting information. For example, we read newspapers and news magazines, listen to the news on the radio, watch it on television, and we can also surf the Internet for various kinds of information.
It is believed that information will play a more and more important part in the future.
Unit 2 Healthy eating
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. diet / food 2. offer / provide / supply 3. strength / power / force
4. glare / stare / glance
词形
变化
1. health n. 健康
healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的
healthily adv. 健康地
2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中
加糖
sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜语的
3. curiosity n. 好奇心
curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
4. weakness n.虚弱，衰弱，
软弱；弱点，缺点
weak adj.虚弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的
weaken v.(使)变弱，(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气；长处
strengthen vt. 加强；
巩固
strong adj. 强壮的；牢固的
6. digest vt.消化；吸收，领
悟 n.文摘
digestion n.消化(力)
digestive adj.消化的，易消化的
7. benefit v.& n. 有益于；
得益于；利益，好处
beneficial adj. 有益的
重点
单词
1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余额，余数 v. 平衡；权衡
2. curiosity n. 好奇心
3. limit vt.&n. 限制；限定
4. benefit vt. 有益于；vi. 得益于(常与from, by连用) n. 利益，好处；津贴
5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合；结合
重点
词组
1. be tired of 对……厌烦了
2. ought to aux. 应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形)
3. lose weight体重减轻；减肥
4. get away with偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚
5. tell a lie 说谎
6. earn one’ s living谋生
7. in debt 欠债
8. before long 不久以后
重点句子
1. Nothing could be better.
2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did.
3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
重点语法
1．情态动词的完成式的用法 2．双重性情态动词的用法（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. diet / food
【解释】
diet 指通常吃的食物，尤指规定的食谱[如治疗疾病或减轻体重的食物]，还可作动词“节食”。常用搭配：be/get/go on a diet 进行节食 put sb. on a diet限制某人的饮食
food 指人或动物所需的食物；或植物所需的养料。
【练习】根据句子意思用diet，food的适当形式填空。
1). We cannot survive without _______ and drink.
2). The doctor says I’ ve got to go on a _______.
3). The doctor put me on a low-salt _______ to reduce my blood pressure.
Keys: 1). food 2). diet 3). diet
2. offer / provide / supply
【解释】
offer“提出，提供，呈现”，表示向别人提供帮助，服务或物品。
搭配：offer to do sth / offer sb sth /offer sth to sb
provide“供给，提供，装备，准备”，强调有预见，并通过储存或准备的方式为某事做准备，以在需要时提供所需物品。搭配：provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb
supply“供给，补充，弥补”，表示替换或不足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求的意思；也作名词，“供给(量)，物资，存货”。搭配：supply sb with sth / supply sth for/to sb
【练习】根据句子意思填介词或用offer，provide，supply的适当形式填空。
1). The project is designed to _______ young people _______work.
2). He _______ to lend me some books.
3). He _______ me 300 dollars _______ that television.
4). We ______ power to the three nearby towns.
Keys: 1). provide; with 2). offered 3). offered; for 4). supply
3. strength / power / force
【解释】
strength 用于身体指力气力量；用于物体指承受或抗拉的强度；也可指长处。
power用于人体、机械或风时指可应用的能量，也可指电力、权力和能力。
force用于爆炸、风暴或打击时指释放的能量及其对物体的冲击力；也可指暴力。
【练习】根据句子意思用strength，power，force的适当形式填空。
1). I will do everything in my _______ to help you.
2). We can use the _______ of the wind to make electricity.
3). He used all his _______ to lifted the heavy box.
4). The soldiers took the prisoners away by _______.
Keys: 1). power 2). power 3). strength 4). force
4. glare / stare / glance
【解释】
glare at sb. 对某人怒视，怒目而视
stare at sb. (由于惊奇、害怕、生气或深思而睁大眼睛) 对某人凝视，盯着看
glance at sb. 对某人瞥一眼，粗略地看，浏览
【练习】根据句子意思用glare，stare，glance的适当形式填空。
1). She _______ shyly at him and then lowered her eyes.
2). The two boys _______ at each other before they fought.
3). My father_______ at the stranger for a long time as if they had known each other before.
Keys: 1). glanced 2). glared 3). stared
Ⅱ.词形变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. health n. 健康
healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的
healthily adv. 健康地
2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中
加糖
sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜语的
3. curiosity n. 好奇心
curious adj. 好奇的
curiously adv. 好奇地
4. weakness n.虚弱，衰弱，
软弱；弱点，缺点
weak adj.虚弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的
weaken v.(使)变弱，(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气；长处
strengthen vt. 加强；
巩固
strong adj. 强壮的；牢固的
6. digest vt.消化；吸收，领
悟 n.文摘
digestion n.消化(力)
digestive adj.消化的，易消化的
7. benefit v.& n. 有益于；
得益于；利益，好处
beneficial adj. 有益的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). You look much ________ (health) than before.
2). The boy had burning ________ (curious) about what was going on.
3). The government decided to take some measures to _________ (strength) the economy.
4). Fresh air is ________ (benefit) to one’ s health.
5). Mike was the ________ (strength) boy in his class.
6). It’ s that ________ (sugar) smile of his that I can’ t bear - it makes me want to puke!
7). It’ s important to know your own strengths and ________ (weak).
8). Vegetables are usually cooked to aid ________ (digest).
Keys: 1). healthier 2). curiosity 3). strengthen 4). beneficial 5). strongest
6). sugary 7). weaknesses 8). digestion
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余额，余数 v. 平衡；权衡 balanced adj. 均衡的
[典例]
1). Try to achieve a better balance between work and play. 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。
2). I must check my bank balance (= find out how much money I have in my account).
我要核对一下我在银行的余额（看我的帐户上有多少钱）。
3). Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein. 多吃些水果, 少摄入些蛋白质, 使饮食均衡合理。
[重点用法]
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
keep one’ s balance保持平衡 lose one’ s balance (= be out of balance) 失去平衡
[练习] 用balance短语填空或翻译。
1). He ______ ______ ______ and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
2). It is difficult to for you to ______ ______ _______ on an icy pavement.
3). 我们必须权衡利弊才做出决定。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). lost his balance 2). keep your balance 3). We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages before we decide.
2. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地
[典例]
1). Children have a natural curiosity about the world around them. 小孩子对他们周围的世界有着天生的好奇心。
2). I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity. 我打开包裹只是为了满足我的好奇心。
[重点用法]
out of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity = curiously好奇地
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事
[练习] 用curiousity的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Margaret looked at him _______ _______.
2). She decided to try a cigarette _______ _______ _______.
3). All the employees in this firm _____ _____ ______ the personal life of the general manager.
4). ________ enough, he had never seen the little girl.
3). ________ drove Mary to open her husband’ s letter though she knew it was wrong.
Keys: 1). with curiosity 2). out of curiosity 3). are curious about 4). Curiously 5). Curiosity
3. limit vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的
[典例]
1). The speed limit on this road is 70 mph. 这条路的车速限制是每小时70英里。
2). We must try and limit our expenditure. 我们必须设法限制我们的开支。
3). There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend. 我准备花多少钱是有限度的。
[短语归纳] limit短语：
limit sb./sth. to... 限制某人/某事到某种程度 put a limit on... 对……限制
there is a limit to对……是有限的 without limit 无限地，无限制地
[练习] 用limit的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). One’s energy is ______.
2). ______ ______ ______ ______ (没有止境) what you can do if you try.
3). We must _______ our weekly expenditure ______ ten pounds.
4). Only a _______ number of places are available.
Keys: 1). limited 2). There’ s no limit to 3). limit; to 4). limited
4. benefit vt. 有益于 vi. 得益于（常与from, by连用） n. 利益，好处；津贴
1). The rain benefits the plants. = The plants benefit from the rain. 这场雨有益于植物。
2). This dictionary will be of great benefit to me. 这本字典将对我有很大的好处。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
4). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
[重点用法]
be of great benefit to = be very beneficial to 对……有益
for the benefit of = for sb’ s benefit为了……的利益 benefit from 从……中受益
[练习] 用benefit或其短语的适当形式填空。
1). The new highway will ________ the villagers.
2). He will _________ the new way of studying.
3). The warning sign was put there _________ the public.
Keys: 1). benefit 2). benefit from 3). for the benefit of
5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合；结合 combination n. 联合；结合 combined adj. 联合起来的
[典例]
1). We can’t always combine work with pleasure. 我们并不总是能在工作中享受到乐趣。
2). Circumstances have combined to ruin our plans for a holiday. 各种情况凑在一起破坏了我们的假日计划。
[短语归纳] combine的短语：
combine with sb./ sth. 与某人某物结合起来 combine together联合起来
combine A with/and B 使A与B联合起来
[练习] 用combine的短语或其适当形式填空。
1) A _______ of factors led to her decision to resign.
2) Success was achieved by the _______ efforts of the whole team.
3) As a writer, he _______ wit _______ passion.
Keys: 1). combination 2). combined 3). combined; and/with
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. be tired of = be fed up with = be sick of 对……厌烦了
[典例]
1). We are fired of hearing the old story. 这老话我们听厌了。
2). I’ m tired of the same breakfast every day. 我厌倦了每天吃同样的早餐。
[短语归纳]
get/be tired of doing sth. 厌倦(做某事) get/be tired from doing sth 因……而疲倦
be tired out = be worn out 非常疲倦
[练习] 用tired短语的适当形式填空。
1). My eyes ______ ______ ______ reading in a poor light.
2). I ______ ______ ______ watching television; let’ s go for a walk.
3). I ______ ______ ______. Can we stop for a rest?
Keys: 1). were tired from 2). am tired of 3). am tired/worn out
2. ought to aux. 应当；应该(没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形)
[典例]
1). They ought to come tomorrow. 他们明天应当来。
2). He thought that they ought to take part in the design. 他认为他们应当参加设计。
3). He ought not to do it. / He oughtn’ t to do it.（否定形式）他不应该做这件事。
4). Ought we to do it at once?（疑问式）我们应该马上做这件事吗？
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). He ought to be here, __________ he? (反意疑问句)
2). I’ m sorry. I ____________________ (本应该先给你打个电话) to tell you 1 was coming．
3). I ______________________ (本不该拜访) her, but I missed her so much.
Keys: 1). shouldn’ t / oughtn’ t 2). should / ought to have phoned 3). shouldn’ t / ought not to have visited
3. lose weight体重减轻；减肥
[典例]
She is trying to lose weight. 她在努力减肥。
[短语归纳] weight短语及lose短语：
put on weight（指人）增加体重，长胖
be/take a weight/load off sb’ s mind使自己/某人如释重负
lost heart 泄气；灰心
lose one’ s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love 爱上；锺情於……
lose one’ s life 丧生；遇害 lose one’ s balance 失去平衡
lose one’ s breath气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 lose one’ s head 昏了头，张皇失措，冲动
lose one’ s temper发脾气 lose one’ s job 失业
lose one’ s way: become lost 迷路
lose touch (with sb/sth) 失去和某人/事物的联系
lose interest in sth/sb 对某事物/人失去兴趣
lose sight of sb/sth 看不见某人/物；忽略或未考虑某事物
lose face 丢脸
[练习] 用weight短语及lose短语的适当形式填空或填介词。
1). He’ s ______ ______ ______ since he gave up smoking.
2). Paying my mortgage was an enormous weight ______ (介词) my mind!
3). I’ ve ______ ______ ______ all my old friends.
4). Don’ t ______ ______ ______ --- keep calm!
Keys: 1). put on weight 2). off 3). lost touch with 4). lose your head
4. get away with 偷携某物潜逃；受到（较轻的惩罚）或逃避惩罚
[典例]
1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money. 他们抢劫银行, 掠走了大批现款。
2) If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it. 考试作弊必予追究。
3). Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. 这样侮辱我的人, 我是不会放过的.
[短语归纳] get词组：
get down to 认真静下心（工作） get on well with 相处融洽；(工作的) 进展好
get through 接通电话；办完；完成 get up 起床；起身
get down to 认真地静下心(工作) get over 克服，熬过，恢复
[练习] 用get词组填空。
1). To my surprise, the baby wolf ______ ______ ______ the dogs and then managed to survive.
2). She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to _____ _____ _____ it.
3). Well, stop chatting. It’ s time we ______ ______ ______ some serious work.
4). The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will ______ ______ the shock soon.
Keys: 1). got on well with 2). get away with 3). get down to 4). get over
5. tell a lie = tell lies 说谎
[典例] It’ s not right to tell a lie. 撒谎是不对的。
[短语归纳] tell短语和习语：
tell jokes/ a joke讲笑话
tell (sb.) a story给某人讲故事
to tell (you) the truth 说实话(用以引出自白或承认的话
tell A from B: distinguish A from B 辨认A和B；辨别
tell/know A and B apart 将A和B辨别开来 you can never tell 谁也不知道
there is no telling: it is impossible to know 不可能知道 tell you what 我说 (用以提出建议)
I told you (so) 我提醒过你要出事；我早就跟你说过
[练习] 用tell词组填空。
1). ______ _____ ______ _____, I fell asleep in the middle and didn’ t know how the story ended.
2). Can you _____ Tom _____ his twin brother?
3). There’ s no ______ (tell) what may happen.
Keys: 1). To tell the truth 2). tell; from 3). telling
6. earn one’ s living = make one’s/a living 谋生
[典例]
1). They began to eam their living when they were very young. 他们很年轻的时候，就开始谋生了。
2). I earn my living by teaching English in the middle schoo1. 我靠在中学教英语谋生。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He had to ______ ______ ______ by delivering newspaper in his youth.
2). He earned his living ______（介词）a fisherman.
3). 这个小孩从10岁开始就自己谋生。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). earn his living 2). as 3). This poor child began to make his living at the age of ten.
7. in debt 欠债
[典例]
1). They are in heavy debt to the Bank of China. 他们欠中国银行很多钱。
2). You saved my life: I am forever in your debt. 你救了我的命: 我永远感恩不尽。
[短语归纳] debt短语和 “in + n.” 表示“在……（情况、状况、状态）中”：
get/run into debt 欠债；负责 out of debt不欠债 run up huge debts高筑债台
pay off one’ s debts还清债务 in danger 在危险中 in trouble陷入困境，倒霉
in order 井井有条 in surprise 吃惊 in public 当众，公开
in ruins 呈废墟状态 in sight 看见 in silence沉默着
[练习] 根据句子意思用debt短语和 “in + n.” 结构填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ after he was out of work.
2). He did all he could to ______ ______ ______ ______ in five years.
3). He was ______ _____ when he was young, but has been _____ _____ _____ since he got rich.
4). James was ______ _______, but I don’t know how to help him out.
5). After the war, the whole city was _______ _______.
Keys: 1). ran/got into debt 2). pay off his debts 3). in debt; out of debt 4). in trouble 5). in ruins
8. before long 不久以后
[典例]
The dictionary will be published before long. 这本词典不久就要出版。
[重点用法]
long before 很久以前 long ago 很久以前
[练习] 根据句子意思填空。
1). That happened ______ ______.
2). I’ ve seen that film ______ ______.
3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but ______ ______ it proved to be practicable.
Keys: 1). long ago 2). long before 3). before long
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Nothing could be better. 没有什么比这更好的了。
[解释] 此句中用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。如：
Nobody loves you more than I do. 没有比我更爱你的人了。
I’ ve never heard a more beautiful voice. 我从没有听过更动听的嗓子。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). 他从来没有看过一部更令人激动的电影了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 没有什么比旅游更令人愉快。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He had never watched a more exciting movie.
2). Nothing is more pleasant than traveling.
2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。
[解释] 情态动词 + have done
1). 情态动词must +have done只用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测，意为“过去一定做过某事”。
It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。
You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看过电影《淘金热》。
2). 情态动词can／could可用于否定句中，即can’ t have done ／couldn’ t have done，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测，意为“过去不可能做过，肯定没做过”。
My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn’ t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲．
3). 此外，can／could have done还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测，常表示“过去可能做过吗?”(注意：表推测的情态动词只有can／could常用于疑问句中)
I can’ t find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where can he have gone? 我在办公楼任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去了哪里了呢？
4). 情态动词may／might +have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might语气稍弱一点儿，只能用于肯定句和否定句中，表示“过去可能做过某事
或过去可能没做过某事”。
You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). 一Where _______ Margaret _______ the empty bottles (can; put)?
一She _______ them away. They must be somewhere (can; throw).
2). 一_______he _______ as captain of the football team (can; choose)?
一Yes, he must have.
3). 一Hurry up, Michael! It’ s ten to three.
—Goodness me! The class ______ (must; begin). I’ ll be late again.
Keys: 1). can; have put 2). can’ t/ couldn’ t have thrown 3). must have begun
3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies. 他不能容忍永慧撒谎而逍遥法外。
[解释] have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事
have sb./sth. doing sth. 容忍某人或某物总是干
have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have sb./sth. done sth. 请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)，(主语)遭受了不好的事情
[典例]
1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock this morning till now. 我让他从早上八点一直在门外等候到现在。
2). I’ ll have him finish my work. 我将让他替我把工作完成。
3). I had my hair cut. 我请人把我的头发理了。
4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday. 昨天，这个妇女的手提包被抢了。
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). To my despair, the doctor _____ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon(have;wait).
2). I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work (have; repair).
3). I can’ t ______ him ______ noise all the time (have, make).
4). Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess. (have, tidy)
5). The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday. (have; rob)
Keys: 1). had; waiting 2). had; repair 3). have making 4). had; tidy 5). had; robbed
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very 1 (frustrate) for people were going to another newly-opened restaurant which only provided raw 2 (蔬菜), fruit and water. What amazed him was that the food there cost more than 3 in his own restaurant. After doing some research, he wrote his own sign to attract 4 (顾客) back to his 5 . The next day Wang Pengwei's restaurant was nearly full, which made Yong Hui very 6 . Having had a good 7 （交谈）, both of them realized the benefits and weak points of their own restaurants and thought to 8 their menus and provide a 9 （平衡的）menu. Finally they got married, working and living together 10 (happy) ever after.
答案：1. frustrated 2. vegetables 2. 3. that 4. customers 5. restaurant 6. angry 7. conversation 8. combine 9. balance 10. happily
2课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
从短文得知到王朋餐馆用餐的人越来越少而附近一家新餐馆提供如象生菜食物却顾客盈门。最后在两家餐馆的共同努力下取得了双赢。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The text states the people eating at Wang Peng’s restaurant becoming fewer instead a new restaurant offering food like raw vegetables nearby was full of people. Finally with their joint efforts both of them won the competition .
3课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： A, B and C＋分词作定语.
【模仿】这张照片使我想起了1992年发生在身边我的人，地方和事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：picture reminded me of the people, the place and the things happening round me in 1992.
2 【原句】Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： something must be done if …as…
【模仿】1）如果你想如同玛丽一样取得很大的进步，更多的练习是必不可少的。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Some more exercise should be done if you intend to make much progress as Mary did last term.
【模仿】2）昨天他没有按照我吩咐的参加会议，一定有什么事发生了。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：Something wrong must have happened if he did not come to attend the meeting as I told him.
3 【原句】 Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fiber.
[模仿要点] 形容词作定语，相当于一个定语从句－which is full of…
【模仿】最后他们来到一个小农舍，看见一条小溪从长满各种花草的山谷流过。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：At last they arrived at a small cottage and found a stream running through the valley covered with different kinds flowers and trees. (--which was covered with…)
4 【原句】Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang became slimmer and Yong put on more weight.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: such a … that从句
【模仿】他的刻苦训练给他带来很大的成功，他不久就进入了广东省跳水队。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：His hard training led to such a success that very soon he was admitted to the diving team in Guangdong Province .
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：187
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Until 1954 it was thought that no man could run one mile in less than four minutes. As years 1 , the record came closer and closer to four minutes and Roger Bannister, a young English 2 , began to believe he might 3 this almost magic barrier.
It was a cold afternoon on May 6th,1954, when Bannister knew he had a 4 chance. Describing the 5 later, Bannister said, “On the way to the track the wind blew strongly. As I 6 for the start I glanced at the flag. It moved 7 now. This was the moment when I made my decision.”
“The gun fired. My legs seemed to meet no resistance, as if I was 8 forward by some unknown force. The noise from the faithful crowd gave me greater strength. I felt the moment of a lifetime had come.”
“I was driven on by a 9 of fear and pride. But when I leapt at（冲向）the finishing tape, I fell, almost 10 .”
“I knew I had done it, even before I heard the time. The announcement came. ‘Result of the one mile…Time, three minutes…’the test was lost in the noise of excitement.”
1. A. passed along B. passed down C. went by D. went over
2. A. coach B. athlete C. captain D. judge
3. A. defeat B. move C. beat D. break
4. A. real B. lucky C. serious D. false
5. A. accident B. event C. issue D. topic
6. A. did up B. made up C. put up D. lined up
7. A. safely B. heavily C. thinly D. gently
8. A. dragged B. drawn C. pulled D. pushed
9. A. concentration B. collection C. combination D. dissatisfaction
10. A. unconcerned B. unconscious C. unknown D. unnoticed
答案：
本文讲述的是一名英国的年青人是如何打破纪录的事情。
1. C 固定结构“as years go by”，意为“随着岁月的推移”。根据文章是过去时故用went by。
2. B 根据文中的插入语用法，我们得知讲的是运动员破纪录的事，所以Roger Bannister是个运动员。
3. D 根据动词和宾语的逻辑搭配的解题方法得知，“障碍”应该搭配“打破”。
4. A 修饰“机会”的形容词，符合上下文的应该是“真正的”。
5. B 因为Bannister描述的是体育赛事，event表示体育赛事，体育项目。如。The next event will be the 100 yards race. 下一个比赛项目是100码赛跑。
6. D 根据常识提供的信息：运动员在起点处准备起跑时是排成直线站（lined up for the start）准备起跑。别的选项不合上下文。
7. D 根据常识提供的信息：旗子正在风中应该是（gently）轻柔地飘着。
8. D 根据情景提供的信息：枪刚响，在起点处的运动员比较拥挤，所以说“好像被往向前（pushed）推一样”。
9. C 根据后面fear and pride的提示，可以得知是一种恐惧和自豪相结合的感觉。
10. B 根据情景描述，“冲动终点，摔倒了”，几乎失去（unconscious）知觉符合逻辑。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数：171
完成时间：8分钟
难度：***
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It rises in the mountains on Qinghai and flows right across China to the Yellow Sea. 1 the river and the sea are called Yellow because of the yellow mud 2 the river carries down from the desert into the sea, 3 (make) the water a yellow color. When the river reaches the flat plain and flows less fast, it drops much of 4 mud, filling up the riverbed and forcing the water to overflow its banks and flood the countryside 5 miles. These terrible floods wash away crops and destroy whole villages. They have brought death and famine(饥饿) to 6 many people that the river is sometimes called"China's sorrow."In order to prevent the floods, they 7 (build) banks of earth, called dykes (河堤) along both sides. 8 the river brought down more mud and broke through the dykes, people mended them and built them higher, 9 now in some parts the river flows as much as twenty feet above, 10 the danger of floods, fanning had been carried for centuries.
答案：
1．Both 属both…and…．固定搭配，意为：……和……两者都；
2．which/ that 考查限制性定语从句，先行词是物，：
3．making 现在分词短语做结果状语：
4．its 指代前面的名词plain，考查形容词性物主代词；
5．for overflow for miles表示淹没持续了—段距离。
6．so so many+可数名词复数，so much+不可数名词表“那么多的……”
7．have built 考查动词的现在完成时态：
8．As as引导的时间状语从句，表“随着……”
9．until until now表“直到现在”：
10．despite 根据上下文此处需要使用“尽管……但是”，由于后面是名词短语，不能用though等。
3. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：408
完成时间：8分钟
难度：****
It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure out that there are better things you could do for your health than take deep breaths on a smoggy day. A growing pile of research suggests that even relatively low levels of air pollution may be more harmful than previously realized, to both heart and lungs. The latest salvo from researchers, published this week in the New England Journal of Medicine, focuses on how particulate (微粒) matter from air pollution affects lung (肺) function.
According to an American Lung Association report, particulate pollution refers to the mix of solid and liquid particles in the air that can come from natural sources, such as dust storms or wildfires, or from such human activity as the burning of fossil fuels in factories or the use of diesel (柴油机) engines. Other particulates are produced when certain chemicals and substances react with one another in the atmosphere.
The effect of low levels of particulate pollution found in many urban areas is not unlike secondhand smoke, exports say. Studies show that short-term adverse effects from particulates include diminished lung function, coughing, wheezing, cardiac arrhythmias and heart attacks. Long-term exposure can also worsen asthma, slow normal lung growth, damage lung airways, and increase the risk of dying from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Certain populations, such as the very old and the very young, are the most vulnerable to air pollution. However, even the most alarming studies conducted in the most polluted areas suggest that the average person's individual risk from exposure (暴露) is very slight. Relative risk numbers often seem more frightening than they actually are. For example, an earlier study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled ( 成为3倍) the risk of heart attacks in heart-attack survivors. What's easily forgotten, says Rilkin, is that the risk was extremely small to start with. Jogging, for example, could elevate (提高) the risk of a heart attack by a similar amount, says Robert Brook, a cardiac physician at the University of Michigan.
Short of moving to the countryside or at least away from busy roads, shielding yourself from the effects of air pollution is not easy. Masks won't work, as many particles can slip right through. At the very least, suggests Murray Mittleman, a cardiologist at Harvard University, people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.
1. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean? No 1 p 7
A. Rocket scientists are making researches on people’s health.
B. It's obvious that air pollution has a bad effect on people’s health.
C. People aren't sure whether taking deep breaths on a smoggy day is bad.
D. People often have a hard time when taking deep breaths on a smoggy day.
2. The word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 4 probably means _________.
A. easy to be hurt B. easy to be protected
C. easy to be used D. easy to be influenced
3. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is _________.
A. that even small risk from particulate causes big problems
B. that air pollution often leads to heart attack
C. who are most likely to get affected
D. that we shouldn't worry about the average low risk
4. In order to be healthier, you'd better _________.
A. take deep breaths B. wear a mask C. live in a countryside D. clean the busy road
5. The passage is written in a(n) _________ tone.
A. subjective B. humorous C. doubtful D. objective
答案：
本文主要介绍了空气污染中的微笑颗粒是如何形成和影响人的健康的。
1. B 句义理解题。读完全文，结合上下文语境，不难看出作者此句话的目的是说：不用研究高深科技的火箭专家（研究），人们也知道，在雾天深呼吸对身体健康不利。
2. A 猜测词义题。根据上下文可知老年人和小孩是最容易受到空气污染的危害的故选择A 项。
3. A 归纳段落大意题。第4段就是讲相对小的受污染的风险最终会导致很坏的后果。
4. C 推理判断题。由文章第一句话可知，深呼吸不一定能够更加健康。根据最后一段中masks won’t work, as many particles can slip right through.可知B项是错误的。最后一段中提到乡村居住是一种降低空气污染的途径，又由文章最后一句people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.可推出C项正确。由short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled （成为3倍） the risk of heart attacks 可知D也不符合文意。
5. D 总体把握题。文章主要讲的是空气污染中的颗粒污染及其危害。作者是以科学客观的态度来写整篇文章的。
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
"Can I see my baby? "asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped-the baby had been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby's hearing was perfect except his appearance.
One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mother's arms, he cried out bitterly, "A boy, a big boy ... called me-a f-...freak.” She sighed, knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks.
He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift for literature and music.
The boy's father had a talk with the family doctor. Could nothing be done? "I believe we could graft (移植) on a pair of outer ears, if they could be donated (捐献)," the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, "You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed (vi.开花) into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic (外交) service. "But I must know! "he urged his father. "Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him." "I do not believe you could," said the father, "but the agreement was that you are not to know ... not yet." The years kept the secret, but the day did come...one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
[写作内容]
1．以约30个词概括这个感人的故事；
2．以约120个词，请就“在受别人的帮助中，学会了帮助别人”的话题写一篇英语短文，表达你内心的感受，并包括如下要点：
(1)你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为；
(2)请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为对你有何影响；
(3)你的感想。
[写作要求]
1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：抚养小孩raise one’s children，
2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：The baby had been born without ears.--/"You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father. / The operation was a brilliant success. / ... one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章中要求你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为，属于是评论性文字和结论性的观点，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。而“请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例，说明别人的善良行为”属于经历，故用一般过去时。后面对你的影响可以用一般现在时态去写。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Help Is Always Unselfish
An unselfish mother donated her ears to her imperfect son without telling him about it. At last, the son got the secret from his father after his mother died.
Help is always unselfish. The mother donated her ears to her son, showing her greatest love to her child. From this, we can know how difficult it is for parents to raise their children.
In the daily life, we always get kind help from our teachers, classmates and friends. And their kind help is always unselfish. When I was in Senior Middle School, I lived in the school. Every time when I was ill, my teachers and classmates gave me kind help, taking good care of me all the time. In today's society, I was affected by some bad things, which made me think that there was no kindness in the world. It was my friends who did everything to help me out.
From these experiences, I have realized that helping others is necessary, and true love does exist in our daily life. Since then, I have changed myself a lot, and I also give hands to others when they are in need of help.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. scene / sight / view / scenery 2. permit / allow / let 3. scream / shout
词形
变化
1. believe vt.&vi.相信；认为
belief n. 相信，信念，信仰
believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的
2. survive vi.幸存，继续存在 vt.幸免于；挺过来
survival n.幸存，幸存者，残存物
survivor n.未死的人；残存者
3. permit v. 允许
n.许可证，执照
permission n. 允许，许
可，准许
4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心
patient adj. 有耐心的
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
5. rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼貌的
rudely adv. 粗鲁地；粗略地
rudeness n.粗鲁，不礼貌
6. present adj. 出席的
presence n.出席，到场
7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒险
adventurous adj.冒险
的，惊险的
adventurer n.冒险者
重点
单词
1. bet n.&v. 赌；打赌；赌钱
2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点
4. passage n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；通过，消逝；旅费
5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt.认为；说明；解释总；计有
6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
7. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
重点
词组
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
3. by accident 偶然；无意中
4. to be honest 老实说；说实话
5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]
6. take a chance 冒险，碰运气
7. as for 至于，关于
重点句子
1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.
重点语法
情态动词的两类重要用法：1．表示推测 2．征询意见（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. scene / sight / view / scenery
【解释】
scene 指某一处的自然风光
scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力/眼界
view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度（从远处或高处）以眼所看到的景色。
【练习】根据句子意思用scene，sight，view，scenery的适当形式填空。
1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______.
2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower.
4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring.
5). He began to lose his _______six years ago.
Keys: 1). scenery 2). scene 3). view 4). sight 5). sight
2. permit / allow / let
【解释】
let允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。
常用句型allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth.
【练习】根据句子意思用permit，allow或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Students are not _________ to enter the Net Bar.
2). My mother wouldn’ t let me _______ (go) to the film.
3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office.
4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend.
Keys: 1). allowed/permitted 2). go 3). smoking 4). permitting
3. scream / shout
【解释】
scream指因痛苦、恐惧、激动或生气而喊叫、尖叫，声音大而尖利，常与to连用
shout指因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音，大喊，大叫，大声说话，常常与at连用
【练习】根据句子意思用scream，shout的适当形式填空。
1). There was a huge bang and people started _______.
2). Two women were _______ at each other outside the supermarket.
3). I had to _______ to make myself heard.
4). The fans _______ with excitement when they saw him.
Keys: 1). screaming 2). shouting 3). shout 4). screamed
Ⅱ. 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. believe vt.&vi.相信；认为
belief n. 相信，信念，信仰
believable adj.可相信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的
2. survive vi.幸存，继续存在 vt.幸免于；挺过来
survival n.幸存，幸存者，残存物
survivor n.未死的人；残存者
3. permit v. 允许
n.许可证，执照
permission n. 允许，许
可，准许
4. patience n. 忍耐，耐心
patient adj. 有耐心的
impatient adj. 不耐烦的
5. rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼貌的
rudely adv. 粗鲁地；粗略地
rudeness n.粗鲁，不礼貌
6. present adj. 出席的
presence n.出席，到场
7. adventure n. 奇遇；冒险
adventurous adj.冒险
的，惊险的
adventurer n.冒险者
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). The principal’ s ________ (present) at the party didn’ t seem to be very welcome.
2). Finally he lost his ________ (patient) and started to yell at his mother.
3). It would be _______ (believe) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.
4). My husband loves ________ (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful life.
5). He was punished for his _______ (rude) to his teacher.
6). They entered the area without. ________ (permit).
7) You cannot enter a military base without a _______ (permit).
8). The prisoners _________ (permit) two hours’ exercise a day.
9). This grand park is a rare _________ (survive) from the eighteenth century.
Keys: 1). presence 2). patience 3). unbelievable 4). adventurous 5). rudeness
6). permission 7). permit 8). are/were permitted 9). survivor
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. bet n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱
[典例]
1). He often bets a 1ot of money on horses. 他经常在赛马上豪赌。
2). I bet that it will rain tomorrow. 我敢肯定说明天一定会下雨。
[重点用法]
bet on为某事打赌 make a bet on 为某事打赌 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了
[练习] 按要求翻译。
1).We ______ ______ ______ ______ (打赌)the outcome of the next horse race.
2).他把所有的钱都用在赌马上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). make a bet on 2). He spends all his money betting on horses.
2. fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的
[典例]
1). I like him despite his faults. 虽然他有种种缺点, 但我仍然喜欢他。
2). No one could fault his performance. 他的演出无懈可击。
[重点用法]
find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）错/茬儿；埋怨（某人/事物）
It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). It was _______ _______ (他的过错) that we were late.
2). I have no fault to find _______ (介词) your work.
3). 她总是找我的茬儿。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). his fault 2). with 3). She’ s always finding fault with me.
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的
[典例]
1). She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots 她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
3). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 他就是在这儿遭谋杀的。
[重点用法]
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场
[练习] 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car.
2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call.
3). He keeps his house _______.
Keys: 1). spotted 2). on the spot 3). spotless
4. passage n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；经过，通过，消逝；旅费
[典例]
1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 他们被禁止穿越占领区。
2). He worked his passage to Australia. 他在去澳大利亚旅行的船上做工偿付船费。
[重点用法]
with the passage of time 随着时间的推移
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). Her confidence grew. _______ _______ (随着时间的推移) that we were late.
2). Several passages _______ (介词) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published.
Keys: 1). with the passage of time 2). from
5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释总；计有
[典例]
1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new account. 我去银行开个新账户。
2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 长期的延缓是因为坏天气。
[重点用法]
account for导致；做出解释；总计有 on account of = because of 因为
open an account在银行开个户头 keep an account of记录，记载
take sth. into account/consideration考虑到某事
[练习] 用account的短语填空。
1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students.
2). He doesn’ t drink alcohol _______ _______ his health.
3). She couldn’ t _______ _______ her foolish mistake.
Keys: 1). account for 2). on account of 3). account for
6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
[典例]
1). You must seek permission from the manager. 你需请求经理批准。
2). The explanation is not far to seek. 这种解释不难理解。
3). They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
[重点用法]
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice.
2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules.
Keys: 1). sought 2). to change
7. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
[典例]
1). Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起这个总数吗?
2). The cost amounted to 250. 费用共达250英镑。
[重点用法]
a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数)
in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计……
[练习] 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time.
2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple.
3). At that time, mall amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals.
4). Food was provided _______ _______ _______ (供应多少不等).
5). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (供应多少不等) US$100.
Keys: 1). was done 2). were spent 3). were used 4). in different amounts 5). amounted to
8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [b?u] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
[典例]
1). We all bowed to the Queen. 我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。
2). His back was bowed with age. 他因年老而驼背。
[重点用法]
bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低头；接受某事
[练习] 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers.
2). The cast ______ as the audience applauded.
Keys: 1). bowed to 2). bowed
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
[典例]
1). She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子。
2). Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生後不久
父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
[重点用法]
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人要……
[练习] 用bring的短语填空。
1). He was ______ ______ ______ ______ authority (从小就受到尊敬师长的教育).
2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting.
3). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had.
Keys: 1). brought up to respect 2). brought up / put forward 3). brought up
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
[典例]
1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。
[短语归纳]
(be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过 ahead of time / in advance 提前
[练习] 用ahead短语填空。
1). After a pause, he ______ _______ with his speech.
2). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______.
3). _______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
4). —— Could I use your bike?
—— _______ _______.
Keys: 1). went ahead/on 2). ahead of time 3). Go straight ahead 4). Go ahead
3. by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中
[典例]
1). Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。
2). I only found it by accident. 我只是碰巧找到的。
[短语归纳] by + n. 短语：
by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器
[练习] 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。
1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________.
2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive.
3). She had found the file ______.
Keys: 1). by accident/chance 2). by hand; by machine 3). by accident
4. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking老实说；说实话
[典例]
1). To be honest, I have no time to do it. 老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。
2). To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话, 我认为我们没有获胜的可能.
[短语归纳] 英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说 exactly speaking确切地说
to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般地来说 in other words换句话说 or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说 that is 也就是说
[练习] 用表示“……说”的短语填空。
1). ________, women live longer than men.
2). He got home late last night, _______ early this morning.
3). ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.
Keys: 1). Generally speaking 2). or rather 3). To be frank/honest
5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语]
[典例]
1). It doesn’ t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’ s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。
2). It wasn’ t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake. 这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。
[短语归纳] contrary短语：
to the contrary（表明是）相反的；相反地[作定语和状语]
(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反
[练习] 用contrary短语填空。
1). The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap.
2). I will come on Monday unless you write me ______ ______ ______.
3). I will continue to believe it until I get proof ______ ______ ______.
4). The results were ______ ______ expectation.
Keys: 1). On the contrary 2). to the contrary 3). to the contrary 4). contrary to
6. take a chance = take chances冒险，碰运气
[典例]
He took a big chance when he made the investment. 当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。
[短语归纳] chance短语：
have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that....大有希望/没有可能/没什麽希望做某事
by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶然地；意外地；非有意地
the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能……
give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会
[练习] 用chance短语填空。
1). The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to _____ ____ _____.
2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car.
3). What are the chances ______ (介词) his coming?
4). 很可能她要来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5). 我遇见她完全是偶然的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). take a chance 2). take chances 3). of
4). The chances are that / It’ s likely that she’ ll be coming.
5). I met her quite by chance.
7. as for 至于，关于
[典例]
As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself. 至於你, 你应该感到惭愧。
[短语归纳] contrary短语：
as to 至于，关于；提到；就……而论(至于，说到)
[练习] 翻译。
1). He was uncertain ______ ______ (至于) which road to take.
2). Would you be so kind _______ _______ (至于) help me to move the stone?
3). 关于我的过去,我什么都不会告诉你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). as to 2). as to 3). As for my past, I’ m not telling you anything.
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
[解释] find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词
搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动)
find sb./sth. done发现……被做……(被动)
find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于……
例如：
1). I found that the boy was hiding behind the door. = I found the boy hiding behind the door.
2). When day broke, we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door.
2). When day broke, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain.
3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.
4). He found a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground.
Keys: 1). hiding 2). found ourselves in 3). found himself surrounded by 4). lying
2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一船发现了我。
[解释] 句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。when常用于以下句型：
1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就……
2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就……
3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时……
4). had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就……
5). had hardly done…when… 几乎还没有做完某事就……
例如：
1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。
2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。
3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正在骑车，就在这时，摔了下来。
[练习] 翻译句子。
1) 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3) 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He was about to go out when it bagan to rain.
2). I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang.
3). The boy was riding when he fell off his bike.
3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。
[解释] （1）疑问词+ ever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that, any time when等，用来加强语气
如：
1). Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。
2). I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我将相信你所说的一切。
3). You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop.
（2）疑问词+ ever还可引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter + 疑问词。如：
1). Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.
= No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
2). Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
= No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
[练习] 翻译。
1). _______ _______ _______ (无论何时) you have problems, you may turn to me for help.
2). 我将相信你所说的一切。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). Whenever / No matter when 2). I’ ll believe whatever you say.
3). Whatever you say, I’ ll believe you. / No matter what you say, I’ ll believe you.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
The tale was set in London in 1903. Henry, 1 American, was rescued in the sea by accident. 2 (lose) in London and having no money on him, he 3 （游荡）in London streets, 4 (hunger). He was spot by two rich brothers and invited to step into a house. Henry was given an 5 （信封）with money in it and asked not to open it until two p. m. With the envelope in hand, Henry entered a 6 （餐馆）. He ordered some food. After 7 (eat) Henry opened the letter and found 8 was a million pound banknote. The owner and the waiter 9 (感到震惊). They couldn't believe Henry 10 was in rags could be so rich. The owner thanked Henry for his coming to his little eating place and even asked Henry to forget the meal bill.
答案：1. an 2. Lost 3. was wandering 4. hungry 5. envelope 6. restaurant 7. eating 8. it 9. were shocked 10. who
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
亨利，一个身无分文的美国人，意外地在英国登岸。两个有钱的兄弟给了他一个装有百万英镑的信封，以及在一家餐馆发生在他身上的令人惊奇的故事。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Henry, a penniless American, landed in Britain by accident. He was given a letter with a million pound note by two rich brothers and something amazing happened to him in a restaurant.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】 It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
[模仿要点] 强调句型：it is +被强调的名词＋，同位语 ，+that / who + 并列谓语
【模仿1】就是林小姐，我的英语老师，她是一个善良的人，当我遇到困难的时候，她总是帮助我。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is Miss Li，my English teacher, who is a warm-hearted woman and always helps me when I am in trouble.
【模仿2】我的一个叫做Tom的朋友在上学的路上发现一只受伤的小鸟，他立刻把它送达附近的动物园。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was Tom，a good friend of mine, who found a wounded bird on his way to school and sent it to the zoo nearby without hesitation.
2【原句】It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life, especially if you can't have them for a while.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：it is +adj +that 从句… especially +从句
【模仿1】千真万确我们从老师的表扬中获得很大的欢乐，尤其当我们身处麻烦和困境久了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It’s true that how much joy we can get from the teachers’ praise, especially when we meet some difficulties and are in trouble for a while.
【模仿2】令人惊异的是李华这学期在学习方面取得那么大的进步，尤其自他有了自己的学习方法以后。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is amazing how much progress Li Hua has made in his studies this term, especially since he had his way of learning.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：230
完成时间：15分钟
难度：***
James sat outside the office waiting for the interview. He felt so 1 that he didn't know what to do with (the) 2 . The person who had gone in before him had been in there for nearly an hour. And she looked so confident( 自信的) when she went in, not like James. He felt 3 that she had already got the job. The problem was that he wanted this job 4. It meant 5 to him. He had thought it such a lot before the day of the interview. He had imagined himself 6 brilliantly(出色地) at the interview and 7 the job immediately.
But now here he was feeling terrible. He couldn't remember all those things he had planned to say. At that moment, he almost decided to get up and 8 . But no he had to do this. He had spent so much time considering it that he couldn't give like that. His hands were hot and sticky and his mouth felt dry.
At last the door of the office opened. The woman ,who had gone in an hour earlier, came out
looking very 9 with herself. She smiled sympathetically at James. At the moment, James hated her. The managing director then appeared at the office door. "Would you like to come in now, Mr Davis? I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.” James suddenly wished that he had gone home after all. He got up, legs 10 and forehead sweating and wondered whether he looked as terrified as he felt.
1. A. healthy B. nervous C. careless D. confident
2. A. interviewer B. woman C. himself D. situation
3. A. doubtful B. sure C. angry D. astonished
4. A. hopelessly B. naturally C. easily D. so much
5. A. everything B. happiness C. difficulty D. nothing
6. A. explaining B. performing C. answering D. writing
7. A. offered B. asked for C. being offered D. being asked for
8. A. leave B. go in C. prepare D. practise
9. A. ugly B. pleased C. sad D. pretty
10. A. shaking B. bending C. walking D. stopped
答案：
本文通过对比的手法，描述了James面试前紧张不安、不知所措的心理状态。
l.B 由后面的不知所措，可见其“紧张”。
2.C 是他“自己”不知所措。
3.B 从他后面担心得不到工作来分析，他是“确信”那位女士面试出色的。
4.D 从他后面对这份工作的憧憬来看，他“十分”希望得到这份工作。
5.A 前面说了他非常想得到这份工作，而且为面试做了精心准备，可见这一工作对他来说意味着“一切”。
6.B 其他三个选项不能涵盖面试的方方面面。
7.C 想象中面试出色，所以当场得到了那份工作。
8.A 根据行文逻辑选定。
9.B 由后面的行为来看，她对自己的面试表现是满意的。
10.A 根据常识提供的信息：紧张时两腿“发抖”，这是正常现象。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：143
完成时间：8分钟
难度：**
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear 1 spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. 2 , we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success 3 language learning. 4 good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only 5 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and 6 meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. 7 we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of 8 (advise) for those 9 are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and 10 (write) the language whenever we can.
答案：
本文主要讲述了学习英语的一些好的方法。
1. it 指代前面的foreign language。
2. Thirdly 根据上下文得知这是第三点。
3. in 在语言学习方面没有容易取得成功的办法。
4. a 好的记忆力有助于学习，memory为可数名词。
5. to memorize 不定式作真正主语。
6. their 指代前面的words。
7. If 前后是条件关系。
8. advice 一条建议，此处应用名词。
9. who 引导定语从句，先行词是those。
10. writing 练习做某事应用practise doing sth。
3.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：329
完成时间：6分钟
难度：**
I want to talk about a soldier. I saw him yesterday as my husband and I were enjoying a wonderful lunch in the cave-like dining room of an old hotel.
It is hard to imagine being comfortable in a room that probably seats a thousand, but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting. Every comer is a wood and stone masterpiece, with high glass windows that look out to the huge cliffs (悬崖) of the valley.
A man entered with his family and took a seat. He wasn't in uniform, but he walked with the dignity of a soldier, and a slight limp (瘸). My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered (绣) on the cap were the words: "Iwo Jima Survivor".
As they were waiting for lunch, the others talking happily, this gentleman was stating out of the window. He was content to be left out of the conversation and allowed to take in the wonderful and impressive view of the waterfall.
I watched him, and imagined how much horror he had seen in the war. What losses did he suffer, and how many friends did he lose? What he had witnessed should have given him a good reason to lose faith in the world. Yet this tired soldier was smiling at the sky, at the sun and the roaring of the waterfall. Somehow, after everything, the world was still beautiful to him.
I walked over to him and said, "Excuse me, sir. I'm sorry to interrupt, but I saw your hat, and I just wanted to say thank you for serving."
He looked up at me, surprised, and said proudly, "You're welcome, and thank you, too."
I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I'd met him.
1. The place where the author enjoyed lunch was __
A. only open to people of the upper classes
B. once visited by many famous people
C. attractive because of its beautiful surroundings
D. modeled on scenes from American history
2. What confirmed the author’s suspicion that the man was a soldier?
A. The words on his cap. B. The way he sat.
C. His disability. D. The way he walked.
3. What do we learn from the passage?
A. The author at first thought the gentleman was famous.
B. The gentleman stood out because of his uniform.
C. The gentleman’s family didn’t like to talk with him.
D. The gentleman wasn’t expecting the author to thank him.
4. What encouraged the author to talk to the soldier?
A. His disability.
B. His loneliness.
C. His contribution to his country.
D. His bravery to fight in the war.
5. What is the author’s attitude towards the soldier?
A. Admiring. B. Satisfied. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful.
答案：
作者和丈夫在一家看起来像洞穴似的饭店用餐时，见到了一位没穿制服但极具军人气质的瘸腿士兵。这名士兵虽然在战争中经历了很多困苦，甚至可能失去了朋友，但是他对这个世界仍然充满着希望。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting.”可知C正确。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered on the cap were the words: ‘Iwo Jima Survivor’.”可知，是帽子上的字最终使作者确信他是一名士兵。
3. D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He looked up at me, surprised, and said proudly, ‘You’re welcome, and thank you, too.’”可知他没有想到在这个地方会有人对他表示感谢。
4. C 推理判断题。从作者对那名士兵说的话“…and I just wanted to thank you for serving.”可知C正确。
5. A 作者态度题。从第五段可以看出，这名战士虽然在战场上失去了很多，但他仍觉得现实生活还是很美好的，这种心态让作者很赞赏。从最后一段“I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I’d met him.”可知，作者对这名士兵非常敬佩。
4.基础写作
[写作内容]
时间
上星期六下午
地点
在中山公园里的湖边
事件
我和朋友在散步，湖中一个女孩在呼救。我们跳进湖中救人，对她做了人工呼吸。孩子恢复知觉后，被送进医院。我们打电话通知孩子的家长，孩子得救了。
评价
家长很感激，医生对我们的急救给予高度评价。
感受
懂得急救知识很重要。
[写作要求]
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文，使用必要的连接词。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
On the afternoon of last Saturday, my friend and I were practicing drawing by the lake in Zhongshan Park when suddenly we heard a girl calling for help in the lake. We hurried to jump into the lake without taking off our clothes, swam towards her and pulled her out. We made her breathe using mouth-to-mouth way before she came to herself. Then she was sent to hospital and we telephoned the girl's parents. Afterwards, we were told that the girl was saved because of the timely rescue.
Her parents were very thankful to us and the doctors thought highly of our first aid, which made us realize that knowing first aid is very important for everyone.
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. loudly / loud / aloud 2. unlike / dislike 3. remain / leave
4. climate / weather 5. now that / since / because / as
词形
变化
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的
violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈
violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则)
fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地
fundament n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发
展；新情况
develop vt.发展；产生
vi.生长；发展
developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的
4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay---laid---laid---laying
lie vi. 躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lying
lie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎
lie---lied---lied---lying
5. prevent vt. 预防，防止
prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍
preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的
6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的
gently adv.温和地；静静地
7. physics n.物理，物理学
physicist n.物理学家
physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
重点
单词
1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度；方法
2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把……放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的
4. exist vi. 存在；生存
5. puzzle v.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题
6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
7. cheer vt.&vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼
重点
词组
1. to begin with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
3. in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
4. prevent...from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
5. block out 挡住（光线）
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
7. break out (灾难、战争等)突发；爆发
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
重点句子
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere.
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop.
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
重点语法
宾语从句和表语从句（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. loudly / loud / aloud
【解释】
loudly adv 响亮地，高声地
loud adj/adv 与sing, speak, talk连用
aloud adv 相对默读而言；出声
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Will you please speak ______?
2). It is good for you to read English ______ every morning.
3). The bomb exploded ______.
4). Is her voice ______ enough ?
5). Action speaks ______ than words (事实胜于雄辩).
Keys: 1). louder 2). aloud 3). loudly 4). loud 5). louder
2. unlike / dislike
【解释】
unlike prep. 不像，和……不同 adj. [作表语] 不相似；不同
dislike vt./n. 不喜爱，厌恶
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). A good hotel manager should know his regular guests’ likes and ______.
2). Her latest novel is quite ______ her earlier work.
3). If you go on like that you’ ll get yourself _______ (like).
4). I was very interested in the lecture, ______ many of the students.
Keys: 1). dislikes 2). unlike 3). disliked 4). unlike
3. remain/leave
【解释】
remain vi. 仍然是；留下；剩下
常用句型：remain + n. 仍然是 remain + adj./adv./prep. 仍然是
remain + v-ed/v-ing 仍然是 remain to be done有待去做，依然要做
leave vt. 剩下，忽略或未拿或未带（某物），使或让（某人、事物）处某状态﹑某地等
常用句型：leave sb. sth. / leave sth. to sb. 给某人留下某物
leave sth (for sb) 留下，交待下(某物) leave sth to sb 将某物遗赠给某人
remaining/left两者都可以作形容词，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修饰的名词之前，后者用于被修饰的名词之后。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Someone ______ you this note while you were out.
2). After the earthquake, little ______ of the village.
3). He used the ______ money to buy a dictionary.
4). After buying the dictionary, he had not much money______.
5). Arriving home, I found that I’ d ______ my key in the office.
6). Don’ t leave her ______ (wait) outside in the rain.
7). She remained _______ (change) after all these years.
8). A great many things remain _______ (do).
Keys: 1). left 2). remained 3). remaining 4). left
5). left 6). waiting 7). unchanged 8). to be done
4. climate / weather
【解释】
climate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；
weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _______ is fine.
2). A drier _______ would be good for your health.
3). I couldn’t imagine what it would be like to live in a hot ________.
4). The _______ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad ________.
Keys: 1). weather 2). climate 3). climate 4). climate; weather
5. now that / since / because / as
【解释】
都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). _______ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
2) It was _______ he was ill that he didn’ t go to school.
3). It must have rained last night, _______ the ground is all wet.
4). _______ we are alone, we can speak freely.
Keys: 1). since/now that 2). because 3). for 4). Now (that)
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的
violence n.暴力，强暴；猛烈
violently adv. 强暴地；猛烈地
2. fundamental adj.基本(础)的n.[pl.]基本原则(法则)
fundamentally adv. 基本地；根本地
fundament n. 基础；根本
3. development n.生长，发
展；新情况
develop vt.发展；产生
vi.生长；发展
developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的
4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产(蛋) lay---laid---laid---laying
lie vi. 躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lying
lie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎
lie---lied---lied---lying
5. prevent vt. 预防，防止
prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍
preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的
6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的
gently adv.温和地；静静地
7. physics n.物理，物理学
physicist n.物理学家
physical adj.身体的；物理(学)的；物质的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). The naughty boy _______ (lie) to me that the hen that _______ (lie) there just now had ______ (lay) two eggs the day before.
2). In my opinion, ________ (prevent) is more important than treatment.
3). Some programs on the Internet are full of ________ (violent) and sex.
4). With the ________ (develop) of modern industry, more and more pollution is caused.
5). China is a ________ (develop) country belong to the third world.
6). There are ________ (fundament) differences between your religious beliefs and mine.
7). His ambition is to become a great ________ (physics).
Keys: 1). lied; lay; laid 2). prevention 3). violence 4). development
5). developing 6). fundamental 7). physicist
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. system n.[c] 系统；体系；制度；方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的
[典例]
1). The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。
2). Alcohol is bad for your system. 喝酒对身体有害。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). The ______ ______ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.
2). He introduced us a well-designed ______ ______ (铁路系统).
Keys: 1). educational system 2). railway system
2. lay vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)
[典例]
1). He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。
2). Who should we lay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?
[重点用法] lay短语：
lay eggs 下蛋 lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）
lay sth. down 把某物放下 lay the blame on sb.责备某人
lay the table 摆桌子 lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). The bird ______ its eggs in other birds’ nests.
2). He is a political leader that _____ _____ _____ _____ (非常强调) individual responsibility.
3). He ______ some money ______ for rainy days.
Keys: 1). lays 2). lays great stress on 3). lays/puts; aside
3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的 harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人）
[典例]
Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意识到吸烟的危害。
[重点用法]
be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害 do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对……有害；伤害……
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Everyone knows that smoking is ______ to your health.
2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do ______ to their growth.
3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). harmful 2). harm 3). Reading in the sun does a lot of harm to your eyes. = Reading in the sun does your eyes a lot of harm.= Reading in the sun is very harmful to your eyes.
4. exist vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在
[典例]
1). Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命吗?
2). I can hardly exist on the wage I’ m getting. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以餬口。
[重点用法]
exist + prep. 存在于地方 exist on sth. 靠某物生存
[练习] 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). This plant ______ only ______ Australia.
2). Can you ______ ______ such a low salary?
3). I doubt the ______ (exist) of alien.
Keys: 1). exists; in 2). exist on to 3). existence
5. puzzle vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题 puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人费解的
[典例]
1). Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。
2). Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙。
[重点用法]
sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难 sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对……感到迷惑
puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） puzzle one’ s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁
solve a puzzle 解决一个难题
[练习] 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). To explain the ________ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories.
2). I _______ (puzzle) that I haven’ t heard from Liz for so long.
3). She listened with a _______ (puzzle) expression on her face.
4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _______ (puzzle) of how life began.
5). He _______ (puzzle) what to do next.
6). _______ _______ _______ (使我困惑的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
Keys: 1). puzzling 2). am puzzled 3). puzzled 4). puzzle 5) was puzzled 6). What puzzles me
6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
[典例]
1). You push and I’ ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。
2). I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。
[重点用法]
pull ahead (of sb/sth) 领先（於某人/物）
pull (sb) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）
pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下）
pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）
pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）
pull together 同心协力；通力合作
[练习] 用pull短语的适当形式填空。
1). I arrived as the last train was ______ ______.
2). He ______ ______ a gun and aimed at the criminal.
3). So long as we ______ ______, there’ s no mountain top we can’t conquer.
Keys: 1). pulling out 2). pulled out 3). pull together
7. cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的
[典例]
1). The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
2). He was greatly cheered by the news. 他听到这个消息非常高兴。
[重点用法]
cheer sb. on为某人加油 cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活
[练习] 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Your visit has greatly ______ him up.
2). The crowd ______ the runners ______ as they started the last lap.
3). You look as though you need ______ up.
Keys: 1). cheered 2). cheered; on 3). cheering
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. to begin with = to start with 以……开始；由……作为开头；首先
[典例]
To begin/start with, I couldn’ t understand a single word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。
[重点用法]
begin/start with 从……开始 begin/start sth with 从……开始……
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子。
1). He ______ his speech ______ a poem.
2). His speech ______ ______ a poem.
3). ______ ______ ______, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.
Keys: 1). began/started; with 2). began/started with 3). To start/begin with
2. in time 及时；最终；迟早
[典例]
1). They caught the bus in time. 他们及时赶上了汽车。
2). If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。
[短语归纳] time短语：
in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟 in no time 立刻；马上
at no time永不…… at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度
at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时
all the time 一直；始终；老是 on time 按时；准时
by the time到……的时候为止 for the time being 暂时；暂且
take one’ s time不着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间
from time to time 不时地，间或 many a time 常常；多次
once upon a time 从前 at the same time 同时；尽管如此
ahead of time 提前，提早 race against time 争分夺秒
time and again 一次又一次；重复地 keep time (钟表)走得准
keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准 take one’ s time 慢慢来，别急
have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很……
It’ s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了
[练习] 用time短语填空。
1). They sent the mail to me just _______ _______, before I 1eft.
2). William arrived at the theatre just _______ _______ for the play was to be on.
3). Hurry up! The concert will begin _______ _______ _______.
4). _______ _______ _______ will I give up.
5). The boy laughed and cried _______ _______ ______ ______.
6). _______ _______ _______ he was addicted to playing web games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.
7). Don’t try to do everything at once; take it a bit _______ _______ _______.
8). You’ll have your own office soon, but ____ ___ ____ ____ you’ ll have to share one with me.
Keys: 1). in time 2). in time 3). in no time 4). At no time
5). at the same time 6). At one time 7). at a time 8). for the time being
3. in one’ s turn 轮到某人；接着
[典例]
I will see you, each in your turn. 我将要一个接着一个地看你。
[短语归纳] turn短语：
in turn轮流；一个接着一个 by turns轮流；一阵……一阵……
take turns (to do sth.)轮流（做某物） It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译句子。
1). She went hot and cold _______ _______.
2). 我们轮流着开车。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 今天轮到谁发言了？
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). by turns 2). We drove the car by turns / in turn. = We took turns to drive the car.
3). Whose turn is it to give a speech today?
4. prevent...from = stop...from = keep....from 使……不做事；阻止……做某事
[典例]
His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow’ s game. 他背部的伤可能使他参加
不了明天的比赛。
【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中
from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，
三者的from都不可省；当后接sb’ s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因为没有keep sb’ s doing sth. 的句型。
[练习] 根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。
1). Doctors took action to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (防止这种疾病的蔓延).
2). Of course I can’ t _______ your going abroad.
3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). prevent/stop/keep the disease from spreading 2). prevent / stop
3). The police prevented/stopped/kept them from carrying weapons.
= They were prevented/stopped/kept from carrying weapons.
5. block out 挡住（光线）
[典例]
That wall blocks out all the light. 那堵墙把光线都遮住了。
[短语归纳] out短语：
break out 爆发，发生 burst out 大声喊叫，突然…起来
go out 外出；过时；(灯)熄 put out 关(灯)；扑灭；生产
come out 出现，显露；出版，结果是
help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)
look out留神；注意 watch out 注意；提防
find out 找出，查明，发现 pick out挑出，辨认出，分辨出
speak out 大声地说，大胆地说 think out仔细思考某事；想出（主意等）
hang out 挂出，闲逛 knocked out (拳击中)击倒，打昏
sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销 turn out 结果证明是
run out (of) 用完，耗尽 check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去
hand out 分发，散发 give out 分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等)
[练习] 用out短语填空。
1). At the end of the race his legs _______ _______ and he collapsed on the ground.
2). It’ s easy to _______ him _______ in a crowd because he is very tall.
3). His nwe book will _______ _______ next month.
4). We thought it was going to rain; it _______ _______ to be a find day.
5). We _______ _______ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.
Keys: 1). gave out 2). pick; out 3). come out 4). turned out 5). checked out
6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张
[典例]
Then we were off. 随后我们就启程了。
[短语归纳] off短语：
get off 下车 fall off 从……摔下来 take off 脱下；起飞 keep off 远离
turn off 关闭 pay off 付清，还清 set...off 给……送行 kick off 踢球
jump off 跳下 give off 散发 show off 炫耀 shut off 关闭
[练习] 用turn短语填空或翻译。
1). It is a Sunday and we _______ _______ (不用上班) today.
2). Her husband _______ _______ on a business trip somewhere.
3). There we saw a sign reading, “_______ _______ the grass”.
4). After ten years of hard work, she finally _______ _______ all her debts.
Keys: 1). are off 2). was off 3). Keep off 4). paid off
7. break out (灾难、战争等) 突发；爆发
[典例]
Fire broke out during the night. 夜间突然发生了火灾。
[短语归纳] break短语：
break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制） break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败
break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断
break into sth. 强行进入某处 break one’ s word/promise食言；说话不算数
[练习] 用break短语填空。
1). A terrible tsunami _______ _______ in the southeastern countries of Asia at Christmas, 2004.
2). When do you _______ _______ for Christmas?
3). Negotiations between the two sides have _______ _______.
4). His house was _______ _______ last week.
Keys: 1). broke out 2). break up 3). broken down 4). broken into
8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防
[典例]
Watch out! There’ s a car coming. 小心! 汽车来了。
[重点用法]
watch out for sb/sth 警惕或注意某人/事物 watch over 保护；照看
[练习] 用watch短语填空。
1). There must have been an angel _______ _______ me that day.
2). What problems should I _______ _______ _______ when buying an old house?
3). You’ ll become an alcoholic if you don’ t _______ _______.
Keys: 1). watching over 2). watch out for 3). watch out
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’ s atmosphere. 它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
[解释]“be + 不定式”结构通常用来表示“按计划或安排将要做的事情”，或表示上级对下级、父母对子女下命令，“应该做某事”或表示某事“将必然发生”。例如：
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you are to go to her office after class. 你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。
2). The worst is still to come. 更糟糕的事情还会发生。
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow. = We are to hold a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is to be held tomorrow. 我们明天将开会。
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am. 这趟火车将于上午10: 25到达北京。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). Here is a message for you from your head teacher: you ______ ______ ______ to her office after class. (你的班主任给你一个口信，要你下课后到她的办公室去。)
2). The worst is still ______ ______ (come).
3). We’ ll hold a meeting tomorrow.
= We ____ _____ __ a meeting tomorrow. = A meeting is ______ _____ ____ tomorrow.
4). 这趟火车将于上午10：25到达北京。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). are to go 2). to come 3). are to hold; to be held
4). The train is to arrive in Beijing at 10: 25 am.
2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. 那使生命的生长发育成为一种可能。
[解释] 此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”，宾语补足语是possible。再如：She made it her business to find out who was responsible. 她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
提示：常用于此结构的动词还有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1). We make it a rule to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
2). I find it hard to get along with him.
3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (规定) to get up at 6 o’ clock every morning.
2). I ______ ______ ______ (发现很难) to get along with him．
3). 他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4). 我觉得我有责任帮助你。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). make it a rule 2). find it hard 3). He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA. 4). I think/find/feel/consider it my duty to help you.
3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解释] twice as...as... “是……的两倍”，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数+ as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍” My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数+ adj./adv.比较级+ than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。例如：
1). This ruler is three times as long as that one. = This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one. 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
2). There are four times as many students as we expected. 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。
[解释] twice as ... as... 是的两倍，英语常见倍数的表示句型：
1). 倍数 + as + adj./adv. + as “是……的几倍” My room is twice as large as his.
2). 倍数 + adj./adv.比较级 + than “比……(多/大)几倍”My room is twice larger than his.
3). 倍数+ the +表示长度/高度/宽度等的名词+ of “是……的长度/高度/宽度几倍” My room is twice the size of his.
注意：此结构中常用的名词有：size, height, weight, length, width depth 等。
[练习] 完成句子或翻译。
1). 这把尺子是那把的三倍那么长。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 到的学生是我们预计的五倍。There are _____ ______ _____ ____ ____ ____ we expected.
Keys: 1). This ruler is three times as long as that one.
= This ruler is three times longer than that one.
= This ruler is three times the length of that one.
2). four times as many students as
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
As the result of "Big Bang", the violent earth slowly settled into a globe 1 (move) around the sun. The gasses which were to make the earth's 2 （大气层）came into being from the explosion of the dust ball, with water 3 (follow) them while the earth cooled down. It allowed the beginning for life. Many millions of years 4 , the first 5 (极度的) small plants began to appear 6 the surface of the water, 7 (繁殖) and filling the sea and oceans, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. As time passed, green plants taking carbon dioxide and producing 8 （氧气）came to land and grew into forest. Later the chains of lives continued, such as insects, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs and mammals, the typical of 9 is human being. They don't only do 10 to the earth but cause damage to it.
答案：1. moving 2. atmosphere 3. following 4. later 5. extremely 6. on 7. multiplying 8. oxygen 9. which 10. good
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语，
短文解释了生命如何在地球上开始的。首先，地球爆炸和产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物，包括人类逐渐在地球上出现。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage explains how life began on the earth. At first, the earth exploded and produced water. And then plants and animals including human beings appeared on the earth gradually because water exists on the earth.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
[模仿要点] 句子结构： what＋主语从句＋is … till +时间名词＋定语从句
【模仿1】他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。
_______________________________________________________________________________答案：What gift he would give me was uncertain until yesterday afternoon when he came to see us.
【模仿2】没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到3年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：What jobs we will get is unknown until 3 years later when we will graduate from university.
2【原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: 主语从句＋ is ＋ that表语从句
【模仿1】他想告诉我们的是一天下文当他在回家的路上看见一只小鸟受伤了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：What he wanted to tell us is that one afternoon when he was on his way home he saw a bird which was dying.
【模仿2】他缺席的原因是他在上学时被一辆小车撞伤了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Why he was absent is that he was badly hurt by a car when he went to school.
3【原句】They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.
[模仿要点] 句子结构：which 引导一个定语从句对上句情况的进一步说明。
【模仿1】我们常常看到有人乱丢乱吐，这弄得我们的环境很脏
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：We often see some people throw rubbish and spit everywhere，which makes our environment dirty.
【模仿2】她的父母非常感激我们，医生也高度评价了我们的急救，这使得我们意识到学习急救的必要性。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Her parents were very thankful to us and the doctors thought highly of our first aid, which made us realize the necessity of learning first aid.
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：196
完成时间：14分钟
难度：***
Who said: "If I didn't have bad luck, I wouldn't have any luck at all！" However，not all "bad luck" should be considered as a (n) 1 thing. When life gives you a kick, let it kick you 2 ! In the 1920s, Ernest Hemingway 3 something about "bad luck" and got just such a kick. He was 4 to succeed as a writer when 5 struck. He lost a suitcase containing all the manuscripts (手稿) that he had been planning to publish.
Hemingway couldn't imagine doing his work all over again. All those months of writing were simply 6 .
He told a friend about his bad luck, who told him it was actually very good 7 ! He assured (向...保证) Hemingway that when he rewrote the stories, he would forget the 8 parts; only the best material would reappear. He encouraged Hemingway to start again, but with optimism and 9 this time. Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer.
Don't pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability. Don't ask for smaller challenges; ask for greater 10 . When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards!
1. A. essential B. confusing C. acceptable D. bad
2. A. backwards B. off C. on D. forwards
3. A. learned B. said C. heard D. solved
4. A. waiting B. struggling C. dreaming D. wishing
5. A. challenges B. changes C. disaster D. failure
6. A. buried B. failed C. wasted D. undone
7. A. fortune B. result C. journey D. idea
8. A. weak B. important C. good D. last
9. A. knowledge B. confidence C. imagination D. luck
10. A. chance B. sympathy C. wisdom D. kick
答案：
文章用海明威的例子来说明一个问题：当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。
1. D 通读全文可知“不应该把所有的坏运气都看作坏事”(它也许是推动你前进的一次机会或者动力)。根据此意需要选 D项
2. D 根据文章最后一段可以得到提示：“When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards!” 当生活给你一个打击，你就借势向前。
3. A 海明威通过这个“厄运”学到了一些东西。学到了 / 学会了要用learn表达。
4. B 从第四段最后一句“Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer.”可知在他丢书稿的时候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)当中。
5. C 即将出版的书稿丢了，这对尚未成名的海明威来说不啻是一次灾难(disaster)。
6. C 这几个月的辛勤劳动的成果就这样付诸东流了(simply wasted)。
7. A 他向朋友哭诉时，朋友却认为这是运气（fortune）。从下文他劝告海明威重新来写作并且取得成功可以看出来。
8. A 忘记那些不太有印象的东西，这些也是小说里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak与the best相对。
9. B 朋友鼓励他要乐观(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence与optimism并列，表达相近的意思。
10. C 从前一句的 “Don’t pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability.”可知不是要祈祷问题会减少，而应该去起到自己获得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈祷少一些挑战，而应该祈祷自己具备更高的智慧 (greater wisdom)来应对这些挑战。不是寻找一个简单的解决途径，而是要可能的最佳的方法。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：143
完成时间：8分钟
难度：***
On Wednesday morning at eleven o'clock, I was walking down Main Street. I had just parked my car. Suddenly I heard two shots. I thought they 1 (come) from the bank. I ran toward the bank. I saw a man 2 (come) out. He was short and fat 3 a big moustache. More 4 (importance),he had a bag of money and a gun in his hands! 5 I could do anything, he ran up the street 6 disappeared behind a bus.
That afternoon I went to the movies. 7 happened? I saw the thief again at the foot of the stairs! I telephoned the police from a telephone next to the rest rooms. The police arrived in 8 than five minutes. They arrested the thief just as he 9 (buy) a chocolate bar from the candy machine. What an exciting day! And best of all, the bank gave me 10 $ 100 reward.
答案：
1．had come 考查动词的过去完成时态，表枪声在我想／认为之前发生：
2．Coming 考查动词短语see somebody doing sth．的结构：
3．with 介词，"有，具有"：
4．importantly more importantly表“更重要的是”：
5．Before 时间状语从句，表“在……之前”：
6．and and连接ran up...和disappeared两个动作，表并列关系：
7．What What happened?是固定句型，表惊讶：
8. 1ess less than 5 minutes表“不到五分钟”。
9．was buying 过去进行时态，表当时正在买巧克力时，警察逮捕了他：
10．a 表一份奖品：
3.信息匹配
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
请阅读下列某书店各书架的相关信息：
Section A: Do-It-Yourself Section---On these shelves customers can find the latest manuals on how to do everything from building a computer to constructing your own home.
Section B: Sports & Leisure Section--Stocks a large range of the latest books on your favourite sporting teams and events. Pick up the perfect Father's Day present here.
Section C: Humour Section--A great selection of joke books, funny stories and wonderful real life adventures that are sure to keep the reader laughing for days.
Section D: Business & Finance--Students, business people or anyone interested in the world of commerce are certain to find the book they are after here. We have special subsection for international trade and e-commerce.
Section E: Biography--Find out about the lives of your favourite sports stars, singers, actors and other famous people from today and the past. Learn what they had to go through to become successful and the effect it had on their lives.
Section F: Education--Has a huge range of textbooks and supplementary material covering all the major high school and university subjects. Buyers showing their student cards receive a 15% discount on all purchases from this section.
阅读下列关于各书籍的信息，匹配书籍与其所应放置的书架：
1. The Delighted Eye--by Prof. John Nash--The 1994 Nobel Prize Winner for Economics, whose ideas have influenced a generation of the world's greatest economic minds, tells his life story: growing up in a small town in America, becoming one of America' s most influential mathematicians and his battles with mental illness.
2. Mother Tongue: The English Language -- by Bill Bryson-- Bryson ' s book is a journey through the history and different aspects of the English language, one that is both informative and hugely entertaining. As with most of Bryson's books, fun comes before facts and readers will be left with a smile on their faces.
3. Into Thin Air--by John Krakauer--is a riveting first-hand account of a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest. In March 1996, "Outside" magazine sent veteran journalist and experienced climber John Krakauer to join the team led by the famous Everest guide Rob Hall. Despite the expertise of Hall and the other leaders, by the end of the race eight people were dead.
4. Ready Made: How to Make (Almost) Everything--by Shoshena Berger and Grace Hawthorne--beautifully written with great factual information. The theme behind this book is re-use, re-claim, re-cycle and there are many detailed easy-to-do projects for the reader to try such as making a photo frame from a book cover or a pot for your plants from plastic shopping bags.
5. The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron--by Bethany McLean and Peter Elkind--As the title suggests the authors cover the rise of the American electricity company to become one of the 10 richest companies in the world and its spectacular fall into dishonour and bankruptcy. A perfect guide on what not to do in business.
答案：
1. E "Biography" 对应 "tell his life story" "learn what they had to go through" 对应 "mathematicians and his battles with mental illness"
2. C "keep the reader laughing"对应"readers will be left with a smile on their faces"
3. B "favorite sporting teams and events"对应"a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest"
4. A "on how to do everything"对应"the theme behind this book is reuse, reclaim..."
5. D "special subsection for international trade and e-commerce"对应"a perfect guide on what not to in business"
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文：
Hi, I am Mike! Personally, I prefer to study alone. I find studying alone more challenging and exciting.
Each time I come up with an idea after long time thinking, I feel a great sense of achievement. Studying alone also allows me to develop independent thinking which is a very important skill I need as I grow older and must solve the problems myself without the help of parents and teachers. Our teachers often encourage us to study in groups. I enjoy my friends' company, but in-group study, I find we spend far less time studying and more time playing games and having fun. It is for these reasons that I believe the most effective way to learn new knowledge is by studying alone.
[写作内容]
学校最近组织了一次中关学生交流活动，你参加其中的“合作学习”讨论：听完Mike的发言之后，你准备写一份发言稿，题目是“My View on Our Study”，内容要点包括：
1、以约30个词概括短文的要点：
2、以约120个词谈谈你对同学间是否必要合作学习的看法，并包括下面要点：
1)你对Mike的观点的评价;
2)你赞成哪一种学习方式，合作学习还是单独学习?
3)你以前采取什么学习方式，比较你先后采取两种学习方式上的变化及不同结果。
[写作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：热情enthusiasm, 合作学习study in groups，单独学习study alone。
2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：I prefer to study alone. I find studying alone more challenging
and exciting. / I believe the most effective way to learn new knowledge is by Studying alone.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是谈你对同学间是否必要合作学习的看法，属于评论性文字，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。但你以前采取何种学习方式属于经历，必须使用一般过去时态。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
The Best Way to Learn
In Mike's speech, we know that he likes to study alone because studying alone is the most effective, more challenging and exciting way to learn new knowledge.
Personally I like studying in groups. When studying in groups we can learn from each other, share our experiences in solving difficult problems and learn more in less time.
In the past I seldom had the confidence to discuss study topics with my classmates. I also had little enthusiasm for studying as I found it very boring. But following my teachers' advice I joined a study group and to my surprise my performance in class was improved greatly. Studying became more enjoyable and something I looked forward to doing, as I was able to learn from as well as help others. So for me, studying in groups is by far the most effective way to learn.
Unit 5 Canada — “The True North”
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. within / in 2. broad / wide / widely / broadly 3. in / on / to (表示方位)
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.
词形
变化
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大
的 n.加拿大人
2. multi-
(构词成分) 有很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj. 多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的
5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实
6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的
8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似
重点
单词
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕
4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配
6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
7. terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓
8. impress vt. 使印象深刻
重点
词组
1. rather than 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
2. settle down 坐下或躺下；（使）安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
5. in the distance在远处；在远方
6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
重点句子
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world.
重点语法
同位语从句（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. within / in
【解释】
within指在时间或距离范围之内，表示“在这一范围内”，“不到”或“不超过”，常和一般将来时，一般现在时或一般过去时连用
in 是经过若干时间，表示“过多少时间”时，通常和一般将来时连用
[经典例句] I’ ll be there within an hour.（一小时之内）/ I’ ll be there in an hour.（一小时之后）
【练习】根据句子意思用within或in填空。
1). My birthday is six days away. = My birthday is ______ six days’ time / is ______ six days.
2) He finished drawing the horse ______ ______five minutes.
3). Keep the dictionary _______ your reach. the ground is all wet.
4). My house is_____ walking distance of my university.
答案：1). in; in 2). in / within 3). within 4). within
2. broad / wide / widely / broadly
【解释】
broad adj. 宽阔的(着重于幅面的宽广)；可修饰背、肩、胸、心胸等的宽阔；开朗
wide adj.&adv. 宽阔的(着重于一边到另一边的宽度)；广泛的
widely adv. 很开(阔)；广泛(多用于引伸意义中)
broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上(generally)
【练习】根据句子意思用broad，wide，widely，broadly填空。
1). The hotel manager was shocked and stoof there with his mouth ______ open.
2). He was six feet tall, with ______ shoulders.
3). English is _______ used all over the world.
4). _______ speaking, I agree with you.
5). The room is three metres long and two metres _______.
答案：1). wide 2). broad 3). widely 4). Broadly 5). wide / broad
3. in / on / to (表示方位)
【解释】
in “在……之内”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。
on “在……端／边”，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖。
to “在……面”，即一个地方在另一个地方的范围之外，互不管辖。尤其当两个地方相隔较远，且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔时，通常用to。把河流、山脉、铁路等事物当做两地的分界线或基点，且不说明河流、山脉、铁路等是属于哪一方，通常使用介词to，译为“以……(方向)”。此外，表示一个地方离另一个地方有多远，也用to。
【练习】根据句子意思用in，on，to填空。
1). China faces the Pacific ______ the east.
2). China lies ______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
3). North Korea is ______ the northeast of China.
4). Taiwan is ______ the southeast of Fujian Province.
5). The little town lies about one hundred miles ______ the west of Guilin.
答案：1). on 2). in; to 3). on 4). to 5). to
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.
【解释】
manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth. difficult 设法做成某些困难的事
try to do sth. = seek to do sth. 设法做某事（不一定做成）
attempt to do sth.= try to so sth. difficult设法做某些困难的事（不一定做成）
【练习】根据句子意思用manage，try，attempt，seek的适当形式填空。
1). He was stubborn, but we _______ to persuade him.
2). He _______ to swim across the river, but failed.
答案：1). managed 2). tried/sought/attempted
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大的
n.加拿大人
2. multi- (构词成分) 有
很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj.多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的
5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实
6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的
8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). When asked, she _________ (confirmation) that she was going to retire.
2). He left as a poor, working class boy and returned as a ________ (wealth) man.
3). Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a ________ (distance) nod.
4). Britain is increasingly a ________ (多元文化的) society.
5). Earthquakes are ________ (extreme) difficult to predict.
6). The ________ ( distant) between his house and school is quite short.
7). The color black is ________ (tradition) associated with mourning.
8). Nowadays many young people still have ________ (tradition) family values.
9). Among my pen pals, two are ________ (Canada).
10). The job will take ________ (approximate) three weeks.
答案：1). confirmed 2). wealthy 3). distant 4). multicultural 5). extremely
6). distance 7). traditionally 8). traditional 9). Canadians 10). approximately
Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
[典例]
1). What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麽?
2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).（关於她的工作）我和她聊了很久。
[重点用法]
chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈……
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。
1). She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.
2). We had a nice chat _______ (介词) a cup of tea.
答案：1). chatting 2). over
2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
[典例]
1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。
2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飞机向东边飞去。
[词语归纳]
eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地 westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地
southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地 northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地
southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地
northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地
northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.
2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an __________ direction.
答案：1). westward(s) 2). southward(s)
3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕 surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境
[典例]
1). Trees surround the pond. 树木围绕着池塘。
2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。
[重点用法]
surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 周围都是……
[练习] 用surround的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.
2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.
3). She has always been _______ _______fashionable friends.
4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.
5). With the house_______, the thief couldn’t flee and was caught.
答案：1). Surrounded 2). surrounding 3). surrounded with 4). surroundings 5). surrounded
4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
[典例]
1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗?
2). It’ s hard to measure his ability when we haven’ t seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。
[重点用法]
measure A by B 用B衡量A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米
measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’ s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服
[练习] 用measure的短语填空或翻译句子。
1). The tailor made a suit ______ _______ _______.
2). Success isn’ t _______ _______ how much money you have.
3). 我们教室的尺寸是长10米宽6米。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). to my measure 2). measured by 3). Our classroom measures 6 metres by 10 metres.
5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配 mixture n.[u,c] 混合（物）；混合状态
[典例]
1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。
2). Oil and water don’ t mix. 油和水不能混合。
3). Oil won’ t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。
[词语归纳] mix的短语：
mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来 mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物
mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起
[练习] 用mix的短语的适当形式或介词填空。
1). Don’ t try to _______ business ______ pleasure.
2). Mix the eggs ______ the flour.
3). I don’ t want to ______ ______ ______ in the affair.
答案：1). mix; with 2). into 3). be mixed up
6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
[典例]
1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。
2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的妈妈住在附近。
[重点用法]
nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：
There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.
7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的
[典例]
1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。
2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。
[重点用法]
be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）
[练习] 用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。
1). She ______ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
2). She was terrified ______ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
3). It was a ______ experience.
答案：1). was terrified that 2). at 3). terrifying
8. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impression n.[c]印象；感想 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
[典例]
1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。
2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。
[重点用法]
impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物
make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 给……一个印象
have/get the impression that 有……的印象
[练习] 用impress的短语或介词填空。
1). Father _______ _______ me the value of hard work.
2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.
3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.
4). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.
答案：1). impressed; on 2). impressed; with 3). made; impression upon 4). had the impression that
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. rather than... 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
[典例]
1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。
2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price与其让蔬菜烂掉，他半价把它们卖掉。
[重点用法]
do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A
A rather than B 是A而不是B
would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做B
prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做B
would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事
注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.
2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.
3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.
4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ____ throw them away, though many are useless.
5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).
6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_____________________________________________
答案：1). rather than 2). ride; to ride 3). hadn’ t come 4). rather than 5). rather than; is to blame
6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street.
2. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
[典例]
1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。
2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麽时候结婚过上安定生活?
[短语归纳] 与settle相关的短语：
settle down to… 使某人安下心来做…… settle (down) in ... 在……定居下来
settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). Something is disturbing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心来) his work.
2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.
3). They have finally ______ _______ ______ Canada.
答案：1). settle down to work 2). doing 3). settled down in
3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
[典例]
He was happy to catch sight of an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。
[短语归纳] sight短语：
lose sight of 看不见；不再看见 keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离
at (the) sight of 一看到（就） in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内
out of sight 看不见；在视线外 have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差
[练习] 用sight的短语填空。
1). ______ ______ ______ his mother, the boy stopped crying.
2). She watched the train until it went ______ ______ ______.
3). I __ ___ ___ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I __ __ __ him.
4). Be sure to ______ ______ ______ your luggage while you’ re at the airport.
答案：1). At the sight of 2). out of sight 3). caught sight of; lost sight of 4). keep sight of
4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
[典例]
1). He has a gift for music. 他有音乐天才。
2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages. 你有学外语的天赋。
[重点用法]
have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对……有天赋；有做某事的才能
a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人
a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories.
2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher.
5. in the distance 在远处；在远方
[典例]
1). We can see the mountain in the distance. 我们从远处就可以看到那座山。
2). Night fell. The hills in the distance turned dark blue. 夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。
[短语归纳] distance短语：
at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些 from a distance从远方
keep a distance别靠近 keep sb. at a distance对某人保持疏远
[练习] 用distance的短语或介词填空。
1). We can see a windmill ______ the distance.
2). The picture looks better ______ a distance.
3). He was asked many times to join the party, but he always ______ ______ ______.
答案： 1). in 2). at 3). kept his distance
6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
[典例]
1). I’ ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我陪你走到邮局。
2). I’ ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已读到第三章了。
[短语归纳] far短语：
as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知
as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得
as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言
far from sth 毫不；一点也不； 远非
So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。
[练习] 用far的短语填空。
1). _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.
2). The problem is _______ _______ _______ (绝非易事).
3). We’ ll go by train ______ ______ ______ (直到) London, and then take a bus.
答案：1). As far as I’ m concerned 2). far from easy 3). as far as
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90米。
[解释]1. so...that 如此……以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句，如：
She was so angry that she couldn’ t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。
辨析：so...that与such...that：
so...that与such...that意思一致，that均引导结果状从句，但是so为副词，such为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。
① so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句
She is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。
② such + adj. + 复名 + that从句或such + a(n) + 单名+ that从句
She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。
They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes. 他们是如此淘气以致于经常犯错误。
提示：在so十much／many／little／few + n. +that从句结构中，little当“少”讲，接在so之后，但当little当“小”讲时，应接在such之后。如：
They are such little children that they can’ t look after themselves.
他们是那么小的孩子还不能自理。
Our team played so well that we won the game. = Our team played well enough to win the game.
我们的球队踢得真好，结果赢得了比赛。
[解释]2. some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：
独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语，如：
(1) 作时间状语 The meeting over, they left the hall.
(2) 作原因状语 My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.
(3) 作条件状语 Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明 Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.
[练习] 根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。
1). She is _______ lovely a girl _______ all pf us like very much.
2). They are _______ little worms _______we can’ t see them with our eyes.
3). The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.
4). Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
5). He came into the room, his ears _______ _______ _______ (冻得发紫).
6). He came out of the library, a book _______ _______ _______ (夹在胳膊下).
答案：1). so; that 2). such; that 3). finished 4). permitting 5). his ears red with cold 6). under his arm.
2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world. 加拿大的淡水量比世界上其他任何一个国家都多。
[解释] (1) 用比较级表示最高级，同一范围内比较时，常用“主语+动词+比较级+than any other+单名”或“主语+动词+比较级+than any of the other+复名”。
(2) 不同范围内比较，常用“主语+动词+比较+than any+单名”。
[练习] 句子翻译。
1). 他是班里最高的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). He is taller than anyone else in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any other student in his class.
2). China is larger than any country in Africa.
= China is larger than all the countries in Africa.
课文要点（模块）
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
My cousin and I travelled 1 Canada by train. We saw many beautiful 2 (风景) and wild animals from the train 3 the way 4 the Rocky Mountains. The city 5 Thunder Bay is a port in the centre of Canada. In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the 6 (薄雾) from Niagara Falls. When we arrived in Montreal, we saw many signs and ads 7 French. Then we went to Old Montreal, 8 (sit) in a typical cafe beside the St Lawrence River. We spent the afternoon doing some shopping in shops and visiting the artists in their 9 （工作场所）. People there speak English but the city has 10 (France ) culture and tradition.
答案：1. across 2. scenery 3. on 4. through 5. of 6. mist 7. in 8. sitting 9. workplaces 10. French
Ⅱ.课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
短文告诉我们，两个中国女孩李黛云和刘倩在前往加拿大的旅途中，在火车上她们看到美丽的景色，野生动物，参观了许多有趣的地方，并获得了一些有关加拿大的资讯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passage tells us when they took a trip across Canada by train, two Chinese girls Li Daiyu and Liu Qian saw beautiful scenery, wild animals and visited many interesting places and got some information about the country.
Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）
1【原句】Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. 那天的清晨，当火车穿越落基山脉时，她们设法看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。
(课文中类似的句子还有：That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto. 那天夜里她们睡着了，火车越过苏必利尔湖，穿过大森林，朝南向多伦多飞驰着。
That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves. 那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河疾驰，朝圣劳伦斯湾驶去，一直开到远方的东海岸，姐妹两个做梦都在想着法国餐馆和红色枫叶。)
[模仿要点] 时间状语短语＋when / while / as 引导的从句＋主句
【模仿1】黄昏，我正在和一群孩子在河边玩。忽然发现岸边的人们都被染成金黄色。同时，水面上，大坝上和树都被笼罩在一片金色光辉中。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：At dusk, while I was playing with a group of children near the river, I suddenly found that people at the bank were painted golden yellow. At the same time the surface of the river, the dams and the trees around us were enveloped by the red light.
【模仿2】在春天，当的雨季已经过去, 漫长炎热的夏天还没有到来, 在这季节交替的时间, 温斯堡城外的乡野生机岸然. 小城的四周是开阔的田野, 田地外可见一片片赏心悦目的林地.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：In the spring when the rains have passed and before the long hot days of summer have come, the country about Winesburg is delightful. The town lies in the midst of open fields, but beyond the fields are pleasant patches of wood-lands.
2【原句】Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities一路向东行，你们会经过一座座山脉，-上千个湖泊，森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。
[模仿要点] 并列表达：A and B , as well as C and D
【模仿1】当你沿着小径漫步时，你会看见幽静的小径旁点缀着各种树木和花草，树下还有一下百色的木椅，花坛旁还有一些石凳。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：When you are walking along the path in the woods, you can see many kinds of trees and flowers on the both sides of the quiet path, as well as white wood armchairs under the tress and stone benches near the flower beds.
【模仿2】沿着小路走着，我们感到非常的惬意伴随着太阳灿烂地照耀着，伴随着微风轻轻地吹着 ，伴随着美丽的花儿对我们微笑着，伴随着鸟儿在树上唱着甜美的歌.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Walking along the road, we felt quite pleased with the sun shining brightly and with the breeze blowing gently. as well as beautiful flowers smiling at us and little birds singing their sweet songs in the trees,
单元自测 （模块）
1完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数：220
完成时间：15分钟
难度：***
At the end of the nineteen century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen began to study the effect of sunlight on certain diseases. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in 1 produced rays.
A Swiss doctor, Auguste Rollier, also found that Sunlight could cure a great many diseases in his hospital at Leysin. Leysin is a small village high up in the Alps. The 2 is important. The rays of the sun with the greatest healing power are the inflated ( 红外线的) and ultraviolet (紫外线的) rays; but ultraviolet rays are too easily lost in fog and the 3 air near industrial towns.
There were a large number of children in Dr Rollier's hospital. He decided to start a hospital school where sick children could be 4 and continue to learn. It was not long before his school was 5 .
In 6 , wearing only shorts and socks, the children left the hospital after breakfast. Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slope which 7 the sun. There they 8 their desks and chairs, and school began.
Rollier's pupils were very seldom cold. That was because their bodies were full of 9 which they got from the sun. But the doctor knew that sunshine can also be dangerous. If, for example, tuberculosis肺结核is 10 the lungs, unwise sunbathing may do great harm.
1. A. technically B. artificially C. deliberately D. constantly
2. A. position B. construction C. relation D. process
3. A. thin B. cold C. warm D. polluted
4. A. taught B. cured C. examined D. analyzed
5. A. full B. empty C. legal D. available
6. A. hospital B. summer C. winter D. school
7. A. got B. avoided C. faced D. covered
8. A. set out B. put forward C. left out D took up
9. A. antivirus B. strength C. enthusiasm D. energy
10. A. hurting B. attacking C. curing D. breaking
答案：
1. B 由前半句的natural可以推知此处填“人造的光线”。
2. A 由前文可知医院建在阿尔卑斯山上，地理位置很重要。
3. D 由后文可知：紫外线在工业城镇中的大雾和污染的空气中都会消失。
4. B 学生在学校中既能得到治疗又能继续学习。
5. A 由最后一段可知，这类学校很有用，故选full ，意为学校满员。
6. C 由下文Their teacher led them over the snow可知。
7. C 斜坡“lope”应该朝阳，这样才能晒太阳。
8. A 学生们摆放桌椅开始上课。其他词组意义不合适。
9. D 结合上文可知，“能量来自太阳”。
10. B 由后文可知，当结核病不断攻击肺部的时候，不恰当的日光浴会带来伤害。
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。
字数：162
完成时间：9分钟
难度：***
While Emily was working on her French lessons or watching football games on TV, George was working for his father in his store 1 school. He liked selling things to people. Mr. Peters found George so 2 (help) that he thought about offering him a higher pay.
In fact, it was football 3 brought Emily and George back together. 4 George was going home one afternoon, he looked in the window of Emily's living-room and he saw that she 5 (watch) a football game on TV. He walked up and knocked at the door. Emily was surprised to see him, 6 she asked him to come in, and they watched 7 rest of the game together. Emily and George are good friends again. They still have different ideas about things sometimes, but they agree with 8 that football is the world's best game. Mrs. Mason doesn't seem to 9 (approve) of her daughter's interest in football as 10 as she used to.
答案：
1．after 根据上下文情节为放学之后。
2．Helpful so…that…句型中，so后面接形容词或副词。
3．that 此题考强调句式It is+强调部分+that….
4．When when引导的是时间状语从句。
5．was watching 考查过去进行时态。
6．but 此处表转折关系。
7．the the rest表足球赛的剩余部分。
8．each other 表两者之间的相互。
9．disapprove 考查前缀dis—表反义词，意为：不赞成，不许可。
10．much 考查as much as同级比较表程度。
3.阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数：340
完成时间：6分钟
难度：**
To "sacrifice" means to give up something for the sake of something else. We decided to sacrifice our luxurious city life to move to a seaside village with our children aged 9 and 3. In the city, we had a beautiful home and plenty of money but little real security because crime was on the increase every day. We never knew if we would all make it home safely each night.
We were very happy in the new town but life was very difficult economically. Our income was very much dependent on tourism and the jobs at other times are few. Although many of the long-standing residents live well, it is a very competitive environment for newcomers.
Reading the newspapers from big cities assured us that we had made the right choice. There is so much violence and crime there! However, it was not always easy to explain to the children why they could no longer have what they used to have, especially when our "rich" friends came from the city to visit us. Generally, they have so much but think they have so little and are always looking for more.
One day, one of our rich friends came to visit us. His son preferred riding in the back of our beat-up little pickup (小卡车) to his father' s big modern car. Our little daughter called me and said, “Mom, please help me to explain to James the reason why he is wrong. He said, ' today, if you don't have money you are nothing.' I know that is not true. If you do have money you share it with your friends and if they don't have money, you share it with them. That is what makes us all rich." This made me realize that the sacrifice was well worth it. Our kids understand that they may not have all the spoils of city life but they do have a solid set of values and they know that our most precious gifts are our good friends and a wonderful environment.
1. What was the reason why the family moved away from the city?
A. They were tired of city life.
B. The city was not safe enough.
C. The people in the city were not friendly.
D. The cost of living in the city was too high.
2. Why was it "a very competitive environment" for them according to the author?
A. The residents were all very poor.
B. It was hard to make a living.
C. Their children couldn't get what they had in the city.
D. They had few friends in their new environment.
3. What assured the author that they had made the right choice according to the passage?
A. What she read in the newspaper.
B. The beautiful scenery of countryside.
C. The residents' living conditions.
D. That fact that they had been accustomed to the new place.
4. What does the underlined word "beat-up" probably mean?
A. Old. B. Convenient. C. Powerful. D. Expensive.
5. What did the family gain from their sacrifice?
A. They had a beautiful house in the seaside village.
B. They made a lot of money during the tourist seasons.
C. The parents got very good jobs in the new town.
D. The children developed good values.
答案：
城市里的犯罪率不断上升，作者一家感到非常不安全，因此他们放弃了富裕的城市生活，举家搬迁到一个海边小镇，他们在小镇的生活经济状况并不好，但是孩子却形成了正确的价值观，作者认为这一点正是他们放弃城市生活最有价值的回报。
1.B 细节理解题。从文章的第一段最后两句话“In the city, we had a beautiful home and plenty of money but little real security because crime was on the increase every day. We never knew if we would all make it home safely each night.”可知作者一家离开城市的原因是因为感到城市里不安全，因此选B。
2.B 细节判断题。从文章第二段第二句“Our income was very much dependent on tourism and the jobs at other times are few.”我们可知，新环境是一个充满竞争的地方，工作很少，经济收入不稳定，因此很难谋生。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Reading the newspapers from big cities assured us that we had made the right choice.”可知，作者在报纸上读到的信息使她确信所做的选择是正确的，因此选A。
4.A 猜测词义题。与后面的to his father’s big modern car形成对比，这里指的是破旧的小卡车，因此选A。
5.D 细节判断题。纵观全文，作者先陈述了搬迁的理由，然后陈述了搬迁后的一些不适，但在文章的最后一段作者听了女儿的一番话后，感觉到他们的决定没错，因为孩子形成了正确的价值观。
4.基础写作
假如今天是10月10号，星期天，天气晴朗。下午你要到你家附近书店去买一本英英词典，路上你遇见了一位迷路的新西兰老太太，史密斯太太，你没有去书店，而是把她送回了宾馆。一路上你用英语和她交谈。你向她介绍了你市的几个著名景点。史密斯太太也向你介绍了一些新西兰的情况。虽然没有买到书，但你却有很多收获。
[写作要求]
1. 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2．将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇日记，使用必要的连接词。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
October, loth, Sunday Sunny
I went to a bookstore near my home to buy an English-English dictionary this afternoon. On my way to the bookstore, I met Mrs Smith from New Zealand, who had lost her way, and I decided to take her to her hotel instead of going to the bookstore. While we were going there, we talked a lot in English with each other. I told her some of the places of interest in our city and Mrs Smith told me something about her country.
Though I didn't buy the dictionary, I felt very happy for I had helped her and had the chance to practice my spoken English.
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