百度云一键去和谐:象天才一样思考

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“Even if you’re not a genius, you can use the same strategies asAristotle and Einstein to harness the power of your creative mind andbetter manage your future.”

The following eight strategies encourage you to think productively,rather than reproductively, in order to arrive at solutions toproblems. “These strategies are common to the thinking styles ofcreative geniuses in science, art, and industry throughout history.”

1. Look at problems in many different ways, and find newperspectives that no one else has taken (or no one else has publicized!)

Leonardo da Vinci believed that, to gain knowledge about the form ofa problem, you begin by learning how to restructure it in manydifferent ways. He felt that the first way he looked at a problem wastoo biased. Often, the problem itself is reconstructed and becomes anew one.

2. Visualize!

When Einstein thought through a problem, he always found itnecessary to formulate his subject in as many different ways aspossible, including using diagrams. He visualized solutions, andbelieved that words and numbers as such did not play a significant rolein his thinking process.

3. Produce! A distinguishing characteristic of genius is productivity.

Thomas Edison held 1,093 patents. He guaranteed productivity bygiving himself and his assistants idea quotas. In a study of 2,036scientists throughout history, Dean Keith Simonton of the University ofCalifornia at Davis found that the most respected scientists producednot only great works, but also many “bad” ones. They weren’t afraid tofail, or to produce mediocre in order to arrive at excellence.

4. Make novel combinations. Combine, and recombine, ideas,images, and thoughts into different combinations no matter howincongruent or unusual.

The laws of heredity on which the modern science of genetics isbased came from the Austrian monk Grego Mendel, who combinedmathematics and biology to create a new science.

5. Form relationships; make connections between dissimilar subjects.

Da Vinci forced a relationship between the sound of a bell and astone hitting water. This enabled him to make the connection that soundtravels in waves. Samuel Morse invented relay stations for telegraphicsignals when observing relay stations for horses.

6. Think in opposites.

Physicist Niels Bohr believed, that if you held opposites together,then you suspend your thought, and your mind moves to a new level. Hisability to imagine light as both a particle and a wave led to hisconception of the principle of complementarity. Suspending thought(logic) may allow your mind to create a new form.

7. Think metaphorically.

Aristotle considered metaphor a sign of genius, and believed thatthe individual who had the capacity to perceive resemblances betweentwo separate areas of existence and link them together was a person ofspecial gifts.

8. Prepare yourself for chance.

Whenever we attempt to do something and fail, we end up doingsomething else. That is the first principle of creative accident.Failure can be productive only if we do not focus on it as anunproductive result. Instead: analyze the process, its components, andhow you can change them, to arrive at other results. Do not ask thequestion “Why have I failed?”, but rather “What have I done?”

Adapted with permission from: Michalko, Michael, Thinking Like a Genius:Eight strategies used by the super creative, from Aristotle andLeonardo to Einstein and Edison (New Horizons for Learning) as seen athttp://www.newhorizons.org/wwart_michalko1.html, (June 15, 1999) Thisarticle first appeared in THE FUTURIST, May 1998

Michael Michalko is the author of Thinkertoys (AHandbook of Business Creativity), ThinkPak (A Brainstorming Card Set),and Cracking Creativity: The Secrets of Creative Geniuses (Ten SpeedPress, 1998).