花物语全集在线播放:选修6复习导学案--Unit 3

Unit3   A healthy life
一、语言要点
I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1.stress/pressure/tension  2. ban/forbid/prohibit  3. effect/influence
4. ashamed/ shameful
词形
变化
1.       stress n. 压力, 重点v. 着重, 强调, 重读
stressed adj.感到压力的
stressful adj 产生压力的
2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾
addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾
addictive adj. 上瘾的
3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的,
automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地
4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧,
ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的
shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
5.comprehension n.理解（力）
comprehend v.理解，领会
comprehensive adj.能充分理解的
6. judgment n.判断
judge v.判断
judge n.法官，裁判
7. illegal adj.不合法的
legal n.合法的
重点
单词
1.         abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待
2.         ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令
3.         due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的
4.         addicted adj.成习惯而离不开….
5.         accustomed  adj. 通常的
6.         quit vt.停止(作某事);离开
7.         survival n.幸存者
重点
词组
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事   take risks  冒险/at risk 处于危险之中
in spite of 不管;尽管  get into陷入
重点句子
1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
重点语法
It的用法（I）(见语法专题)
II 词语辨析  (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1). stress/pressure/tension压力
【解释】
stress指承受外来的压力，也可指由于某原因而引起的心理，生理或情绪上的紧张。
pressure指单位面积 上所受的压力。或指某事物所产生的压力或影响。
tension多指关系不好或其他原因而出现的紧张状态，或指某物被过度伸展后呈现的状态。
【练习】选择stress/pressure或tension并用其适当的形式填空
1) More and more people cannot bear the ________ of modern life.
2) Don’t pull it any more. The great ________ will break the rope.
3) The patient is complaining of his feeling of _______ on his chest.
4) Nobody can work well under ___________.
Keys: 1) stress  2) intension 3) pressure 4) pressure/stress
2). ban/forbid/prohibit禁止
【解释】
ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止，有谴责或不赞成的意味。搭配ban…from sth./doing sth.
forbid较常用。可是个人，也可以是国家，政府机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth.
prohibit强调以法律或官方行政手段，或规章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth.
【练习】选择ban/forbid或prohibit，并用其适当的形式填空
1) After the accident, he was _______ from driving alone.
2) Our school ________ us to bring cell phone to school.
3) The law __________ the tobacco from being sold freely.
Keys: 1) banned 2) forbad 3) prohibits
3) effect/influence影响
【解释】
effect：能直接引起某种结果的影响
influence指对某人或物产生的潜移默化的影响。
【练习】选择effect或influence并用其适当的形式填空
1)The drug had an immediate __________ on the pain.。
2) My parents considered my friend to be a bad _______ on me.
Keys: 1) effect 2) influence
4）ashamed/ shameful羞耻，惭愧的
【解释】
ashamed做表语，表示（人）感到羞耻，惭愧的
shameful指事情或行为本身可耻，不道德的。
【练习】选择ashamed或shameful并用其适当的形式填空
1) The boy was _________ to tell his mother that he had failed.
2) I was _______ of my ________ behavior at that time.
Keys: 1)ashamed 2) ashamed; shameful
III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1.        stress n. 压力, 重点v. 着重, 强调, 重读
stressed adj.感到压力的
stressful adj 产生压力的
2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾
addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾
addictive adj. 上瘾的
3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的,
automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地
4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧,
ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的
shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
5.comprehension n.理解（力）
comprehend v.理解，领会
comprehensive adj.能充分理解的
6. judgment n.判断
judge v.判断
judge n.法官，裁判
7. illegal adj.不合法的
legal n.合法的
【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) After a _______ week of work, all the employees were extremely ________ and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under ________.(stress)
2) Playing computer games is highly _______. Once you get _______to it, you will find it hard to get rid of it. Now, Henry, one of my classmate is fighting his _______ to the games.(addict)
3) As a _______, he has good _________ and never _______ a person by his appearance.(judge)
4) Doing any ________ anything will be protected in China, while doing anything  _______will be punished.(legal)
5) The son was _______ to hurt his old mother in such a _______way and came to beg her pardon.(shame)
6) Some songs by Zhoujielun can not be _________ by us. To some old people, they are completely beyond________ . So, their grandson or granddaughters have to explain the songs in a more ________way to their grandparents.(comprehend)
7) When I saw a car rushing towards me at a high speed, I jumped aside __________. It was my _______ action that saved my life.(automatic)
keys: 1) stressful; stressed; stress 2) addictive; addicted; addiction 3) judge; judgment; judges 4) legal; illegally 5) ashamed; shameful 6) comprehended; comprehension; comprehensive 7) automatically; automatic
IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.  abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待
[典例]
1) We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us”
我们滥用土地，因为我们把它当作属于自己的商品.
2) He greeted me with a stream of abuse, which made me feel sad.
他迎面对我一顿痛骂,这使我很难过.
[重点用法]
drug abuse滥用药品
child abuse虐待儿童
[练习] 汉译英
1) 滥用能源会给我们的子孙后代带来可怕的未来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 根据最新的法律，家长也不允许在家中虐待儿童。
______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) The abuse of energy will bring our offspring a terrible future. 2) According to the new law,
parents are also not allowed to abuse their children in the family.
2.  ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令
[重点用法]
ban…from sth./doing sth.禁止做某事
a ban on关于……的禁令
[典例]
1) From last June, there is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in supermarket.
从去年六月份开始禁止超市无偿提供塑料袋。
2) People are banned from smoking in many public places in England.在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 这儿的学生不允许带手机回校。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 禁止摩托车在我们这个城市引起很大的争论。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) The students here are banned from bring cell phones back to school. 2) A ban on motorcycle caused great dispute in our city.
3.  due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的
[典例]
1) Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达
2) The electricity bill is due today . 今天该交电费了.
3) A great deal of money is due to you 这些钱应该付给你。
[重点用法]
due to因为……；归因于，归功于
be due to do sth.定于某时做某事
[练习] 汉译英
1) 由于这次全球性的金融危机，他被解雇了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 这次峰会将在一个非洲国家举行。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) He was fired due to the global financial crisis. 2) The summit is due to be held in an Africa country.
4.  addicted adj.成习惯而离不开…
[重点用法]
be addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于……；专心做……
addict oneself to sth沉溺于……
[典例]
1) 50 million Americans are thought to be addicted to nicotine．据说有五百万美国人有烟瘾。
2) Many kids have now become addicted to surfing the Net．很多孩子现在沉迷于上网
3) He is an addicted traveler．他是个旅行迷。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 辍学后，他沉溺于烟酒中。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 不要再让自己陷入这样愚蠢的事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) After leaving school, he was addicted to cigarette and alcohol. 2) Don’t addict yourself to such foolish things any longer.
5.         accustomed  adj. 通常的
[重点用法]
be(become／grow／get accustomed)to(doing)sth．习惯于(与get used to sth./doing sth.同义)
accustom oneself to sh./doing sth.使自己习惯于…..;养成…….的习惯
[典例]
1) We were accustomed to working together．我们习惯了一起工作。
2) Having moved to the northeast of China, I had to accustom myself to the dry weather.
搬到东北后，我不得不使自己适应干燥的气候。
[练习]
用accustom恰当形式填空
1) She was a person_______ ________ having eight hours’ sleep a night．
2) He took his_______ seat by the fire．
3) I’m not______ to getting up so early．
Keys: 1)accustomed to  2) accustomed  3)accustomed
汉译英
1）她的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。
______________________________________________________________________________
2）短裤放在惯常的地方。
______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) Her eyes quickly became accustomed to the dark．2) The pans were in their accustomed places．
6.  quit (quit/quitted) vt.停止(作某事);离职
[典例]
1) I am so tired that I decide to quit next month.我很累了，所以我打算下个月辞职。
2) I had to quit the gathering in order to be home by midnight.为了能在午夜前到家，我不得不离开聚会
3) He quit smoking, and talked something to the person next to him.他停下烟，和旁边的人说着什么。
[重点用法]
quit doing sth.(必须接名词或动名词做宾语) 除此，以下动词有类似用法suggest; practise; risk(冒险);
enjoy; escape; admit; advise; allow; appreciate; avoid; deny; mind; miss; permit; consider; forbid; finish;
prevent; keep ; delay; dislike; imagine;
[练习] 汉译英
1) 教练盯着队员并要求他们不要说话。
______________________________________________________________________________
2) 这个贼有逃脱警察抓捕的技能。
______________________________________________________________________________
3) 我想你别介意我写信向你求救。
_____________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) The coach stare at the team members and asked them to quit talking. 2) The thief has the skill of
escaping being caught by policemen. 3) I would like you not to mind me writing to you for help.
6.         survival n.幸存
[重点用法]
survive v.幸免于，幸存
survivor n.幸存者
[典例]
1) As is known, we need food and water for survival.众所周知，为了生存我们需要食物和水。
2) The house survive the storm.经历暴风雪，房子依然没事。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 没有人能够在这次空难中幸存下来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2) 她比她丈夫多活了十年。
______________________________________________________________________________
3) 这种风格是上个世纪遗留下的。
______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) No one survived the air crash. 2) She survived her husband by 10 years. 3) That fashion is a survival from last century.
V 重点词组  （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.         feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 ;
[典例]
I feel like drinking a cup of hot tea in the cold winter every evening.
在寒冷的冬天里,我每个晚上都要喝杯热茶
I feel like lying on the bed and listening to the music.我喜欢躺在床上听歌.
He feels like a faithful before that learned scholar.
在这个知识渊博的学者面前,他就象一个忠诚的信徒.
It feels like a snake.这摸上去像是条蛇.
[短语归纳]
would like to do sth.想要做某事
prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事
would rather do … than do…情愿做……而不愿…
prefer doing (sth.) to (doing) sth. 情愿做……而不愿…
enjoy doing sth.喜欢/乐意做某事
[练习] 汉译英
1) 他想抽根烟。
______________________________________________________________________________
2) 这些日子我胃口不好，不想吃东西。
______________________________________________________________________________
3) 我情愿工作到深夜完成这件事情也不愿工作没做完就休息。
______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) He feels like a cigarette. 2) I don’t have an appetite theses days and don’t feel like eating
anything. 3) I would rather finish it until late night than have a rest leaving the work unfinished.
2.         take a risk/risks  冒险
[典例]
1) I know that I am taking a risk, but it is all worthwhile.我知道我是在冒险,但这非常值得。
2) He took the risk of losing his own life and saved my life in the cold river.
他冒着失去自己生命的危险，在冰冷的河水里救了我的命。
[短语归纳]
at risk冒风险；处于危险中
at the risk of sth./doing sth.冒。。。的危险
risk doing冒险做。。。
at one’s own risk自担风险
[练习] 汉译英
1）为了寻找失踪的小孩，他冒着被困风雪中的危险。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2）任何人在此游泳，后果自负。
______________________________________________________________________________
3）战争爆发了，许多无辜的民众处于失去生命的危险之中。
______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) In order to search for the lost child, he risked getting caught in a storm.  2) Anyone swimming in this lake is at his own risk.  3) The war broke out, and many innocent people were at the risk of losing their live.
3.         in spite of 不管;尽管
[典例]
1) They kept going in spite of their fears. 他们不顾害怕继续前进。
2) In spite of the heavy rain, he came on time.尽管雨很大,他还是按时来了。
[同义归纳]
regardless of不管，不顾，尽管；后跟名词，动名词，代词，名词短语等。
despite=in spite of
although尽管,后跟从句
[练习] 汉译英
1）不管别人怎么说，我仍认为他这个人很好。
______________________________________________________________________________
2）尽管天气不好，他们的假期还是过得极为愉快。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) In spite of /despite what others said, I think he’s a very nice person. 2) They had a wonderful holiday, in spite of/despite the bad weather./ Although the weather was bad, they still had a wonderful holiday.
4.         get into陷入
[典例]
1) He got into the habit of smoking following his father’s example.他学他的父亲,染上了吸烟的习惯。
2) You may get into trouble, if you always tease others.如果你总是取笑别人，你会惹上麻烦的。
[短语归纳]
get over a difficulty克服困难
get over a cough咳嗽好了
get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事
get through to you打通你的电话
get through the work完成工作
[练习]汉译英
1) 当陷入麻烦时，一定要保持镇定。
______________________________________________________________________________
2) 晚饭后，女孩开始做功课。
______________________________________________________________________________
Key: 1) When getting in trouble, be sure to keep calm. 2) After the supper, the girl got down to her homework.
VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking
当因为我不再适合而被学校足球队开除以后，我意识到自己是时候戒烟了.
[解释] It is (high/about) time for sb. to do sth.=It is (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.该某人做某事的时候了。
[典例]
It is high time for us to say good-bye.=It is high time that we should say good-bye.到我们分别的时候了。
[练习] 汉译英
1) 现在是周六了，你该把工作放下了。
______________________________________________________________________________
2) 我们该为自己的未来做打算了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1) It’s Saturday already. It’s high time for you to put down your work. 2) It’s about time that we should plan for our future.
二、课文要点
1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
James’ grandfather wrote to help James   1   (戒烟) smoking. James’ grandfather once became   2   （addicted）to cigarettes in three ways. His body was    3    (习惯) to having nicotine. He began to do it automatically and became   4   (mental) addicted. But he finally managed to stop   5    realizing the harmful    6    (影响) of it. He also told James that smoking did damage to heart and    7    (肺部) and it was more difficult for smoking couples to become 8    (怀孕). So he gave James some advice and encouraged him not to be    9      (disappoint).   10    he kept trying, he would succeed eventually.
答案：1. quit/stop    2. addicted     3.accustomed      4. mentally     5. when     6.effects         7.lungs        8.pregnant          9.disappointed     10. If
2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
詹姆斯的祖父写信帮助詹姆斯戒烟，告诉他如何会沉迷于香烟，吸烟的恶果，并就如何摆脱坏习惯给他一些建议，。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：James’ grandfather wrote to help James quit smoking by telling him the ways of becoming addicted to cigarettes, the harmful effects of smoking and giving him some advice on how to get rid of the bad habit.
3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1.【原句】It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.感到惊讶吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：It seems + adj. + that 引导主语从句
【模仿1】杰克下课后仍然呆在课室继续他的学习似乎令人惊讶。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It seems surprising that after class Jack still stayed in the classroom to continue his reading.
【模仿2】网上我们几秒钟内就能获得世界上发生的一切事情的信息似乎令人惊叹。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It seems amazing that on line we can get information about what is happening around the world in a minute.
2. 【原句】However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。
[模仿要点] 句子结构： what 引导主语从句 + that 引导表语从句
【模仿1】然而，我所知道的是只有爱，关心及理解才能建立一种理想的师生关系。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：However, what I do know is that only love , care, and understanding can build up an ideal relationship between teacher and students.
【模仿2】然而，我所相信的是只有通过努力学习我才能赶上其他人。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：However, what I do believe is that only by studying hard can I catch up with the others.
3．【原句】Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你（已经）是不抽烟的人了。
[模仿要点] 句子结构：every time 引导状语从句，+ 祈使句
【模仿1】每次你想要玩电脑的时候，提醒你自己曾经经历过的事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：Every time you would like to play computer, remind yourself of the experience you once had.
【模仿2】每次你感到压抑的时候，做一些放松运动。
答案：Every time you feel stressed, do some relaxation exercises.