扎哈.哈迪德建筑手绘:定语从句专练2

高一定语从句专项练习  教学目标：巩固、掌握定语从句教学重点：定语从句的应用 教学难点：怎样让学生掌握定语从句教学过程：第一步：通过历年高考题呈现教学内容并分析典型题分析：    1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.    A. which was               B. it was      C. which were              D. them were        【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：    （1） The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.    A. which are               B. it is      C. which is                D. them are（2） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.    A. which is                B. it is      C. which are               D. them are    （3） Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.    A. which are               B. it is      C. which is                D. them are    2. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.     A. It                      B. As      C. That                    D. What        【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：    _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.    A. It                      B. As      C. That                    D. What    此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。    再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：    （1） ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.    A. Which                  B. As      C. That                   D. It    （2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.    A. Which                  B. As      C. That                   D. It  3. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”    A. that                    B. which      C. where                   D. what        【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？  4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.    A. that                   B. who      C. as                     D. whom        【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：    David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.    A. that                  B. who      C. as                    D. whom    请再做以下试题（答案选D）：    It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.    A. like                 B. that      C. which                D. as 5. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.    A. whom                B. them            C. which               D. who        【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B. 6. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.    A. that                 B. it      C. them                 D. which        【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题也选D：    （1） His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.    A. that                B. it      C. them                D. which    （2） Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.    A. that                B. it          C. them                D. which    （3） This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.    A. that                B. it         C. them                D. which7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.    A. whom               B. them      C. which              D. who        【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：    （1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.    A. which              B. them      C. what               D. that    答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。    （2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.    A. which              B. them      C. what               D. that    答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.    （3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.    A. which               B. them      C. what                D. that    答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。  第二步：课堂练习 试题训练：    1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.    A. once they grew       B. they grew once      C. they once grew       D. once grew    2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.    A. that                 B. which      C. whose time           D. by which time    3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？    A. he explained         B. what he explained      C. how he explained     D. why he explained    4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.    A. it                  B. that      C. this                D. which    5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.    A. which               B. that      C. whose               D. what    6. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.    A. when               B. where      C. that               D. which    7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.    A. which             B. that      C. whose             D. when    8. The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely.    A. spending it       B. to spend it      C. to spend          D. spending that第三步：家庭作业9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.    A. that, the place         B. it, the place      C. which, where            D. what, where    10. We will be shown around the city： schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.    A. what             B. which      C. where            D. when 11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.    A. when             B. if      C. since            D. until    12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.    A. once they grew         B. they grew once      C. that once grew         D. once grew    13. You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.    A. which           B. where      C. that            D. when    14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.    A. which price             B. the price of which      C. its price               D. the price of whose    15. What have you got _____ will help a cold？    A. what           B. that      C. it             D. who    16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.    A. how            B. that      C. what           D. which    17. Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen？    A. which          B. that      C. what           D. whose    18. I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.    A. why            B. which      C. as             D. where    19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.    A. want           B. wanted      C. had wanted     D. are wanting    20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.    A. which          B. when      C. where          D. who 21. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.    A. where          B. which      C. while          D. why    22. He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.    A. which I think is           B. which I think it is      C. which I think it           D. I think is    23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.    A. who                        B. which      C. this                       D. what    24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.    A. that                       B. which      C. that which                 D. it    25. I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.    A. that                       B. which      C. it                         D. what    26. The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.    A. where                     B. when      C. which                     D. who    27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.    A. the which was what        B. what was that      C. which was what            D. that was that   答案与解析:    1. C.    2. D.    3.  A.    4.  D.    5. C.  6. B.  7. D.   8. C.    9. C.   10. C.   11.A.  12. C.    13. B.    14.  B.    15. B.    16. B.    17. D.    18.  D.    19. A.    20.  D.    21. A.    22.  A.  23.  B.    24. C.    25. B.   26.  D.    27. C.