人教版新目标九年级词语辨析

 Unit 12 You'resupposed to shake hands

Ⅰ. seat, sit

辨析：seat和sit作为动词，都可以表示“就座”的意思。seat是及物动词，常以被动形式表示主动意义；而sit通常作不及物动词用。例如：He isseated between Jack and Tom. 她坐在杰克和汤姆之间。The students aresitting at their desks. 学生们正坐在课桌旁。Please be seated.(=Please seat yourself.)请坐。Sit down, please.请坐。

seat 作名词用时，构成take a seat短语，此短语较sitdown更正式、委婉、礼貌。另外，have a seat=take a seat或takeone’s seat意思是“坐下，就座”。例如：Takeyour seat, please.请坐。

练习：指出下列各句中的一处错误，并改正。

1. I found him seating there.

2. She sat her baby on her knees.

3. Please take a sit, the managerwill soon be here.

4. “Please seat you”, the teachersaid.

5. Hu Peng seated beside me in everyclass.

参考答案：

1. seating→seated/sitting  2. sat→seated   3. sit→seat  4. you→yourself  5. seated→sat

Ⅱ. arrive, reach, getto

辨析：arrive,reach, get to三者都有“到达”的意思。arrive是比较正式的用语，get to是非正式用语，在口语中可代替arrive或reach；arrive为不及物动词，后需接介词at或in才能加地点名词。一般说来，到达的是一个大地方，如洲、国家、大城市等，用介词in，如果到达的是较小的地方，如车站、学校、村庄等，用介词at；reach是及物动词，后面直接跟表示地点的词；get是不及物动词，应借助介词to，“getto＋地名”是一个较普通的口头用法（get to后面直接加地点名词）；另外，arriveat/in, get to后面跟home, here, there等这样的副词时，应将它们的介词去掉。当表示达到某一年龄或高度时，一般用reach。例如：Whendid you arrive in Paris? 你是什么时候到达巴黎的？The train arrivedat the station. 火车到站了。Hereached Beijingyesterday. 他昨天到达北京。Can you tell mehow to get to the zoo? 你能告诉我如何到达动物园吗？

练习：根据句意，用arrive,reach或get to的合适形式填空。

1. I will ______ in Beijing in a week.

2. When do you ______ to Hong Kong?

3. I ______ home before it was darkyesterday.

4. Did you ______ at that town ateight last night?

5. The apples are too high for the students to ______ them.

参考答案：1.arrive   2. get  3. reached /got /arrived   4. arrive 5. reach

Ⅲ. used to do sth.,be/get used to sth./ doing sth., be used to do sth.,

be used for sth., be used as, be used by

辨析：usedto do sth.表示“过去常常… …”、“过去惯常… …”；be/getused to sth./doing sth.表示“习惯于… …”；beused to do sth.意思是“被用来做… …”，to表示用途。例如：I usedto go to office on foot, but I don’t do that now. 我过去老是步行上班，但现在不这样了。He isused to hard work. 他习惯于艰苦工作。 I was used todriving in all kinds of weather. 我习惯于各种气候条件下开车。Aknife is used to cut something.小刀是用来切东西的。

be used for意思是“被用来做… …”，for表示用途；beused as意思是“被用作为… …”，as表示主语是什么；beused by意思是“被……利用”，by后跟人，强调使用者。例如：Aknife is used for cutting something.(A knife is used to cut something.)小刀是用来切东西的。Thebook can be used as a text book. 这本书可用作教科书。Thisdesk is used by Wang Li. 这张书桌是王力用的。

练习：汉译英。

1. 我过去常步行上学。

2. 我习惯走路上学。

3. 她习惯于艰苦工作。

[来源:学科网]

4. 使用电子拖鞋在很暗中能看见。

5. 飞盘是大学生发明的。

参考答案：

1. I used to walk to school.

2. I am used to walking to school.

3. She is used to hard work.[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]

4. Electric slippers are used for seeing in the dark./ Electricslippers are used to see in the dark.

5. The flying disk was invented by college students.[来源:Zxxk.Com]

Unit 10-12

Ⅰ. look at books,read books

辨析：lookat和read作动词，都有“看”的意思，但含义有所不同。lookat是强调动作，不强调是否看见，可用于进行时态；read强调阅读，作看懂、辨认、觉察解时不用于进行时态。例如：Lookat the books, they are mine.看那些书，它们是我的。Don’t read booksin the sun.别在阳光下读书。

练习：根据句意，用lookat或read的合适形式填空。

1. ______ books in the sun is bad for your eyes.

2. ______ the blackboard, ______ thewords aloud, please.[来源:学科网ZXXK]

3. ______, the students ______ booksover there.

4. Don’t ______ at books, ______ atpictures. Find out which pictures are ours.

5. I like ______ books very much.

参考答案：1.Reading  2. Look at, read  3. Look, are reading  4. look, look 5. reading

Ⅱ. also, too, either

辨析：also,too, either三者都有“也”的意思。also和too多用于肯定句和疑问句中，also常用在句中（放在行为动词之前，系动词之后），而too常在句末（也可在句中，放在句中时前后加逗号分开）；either多用在否定句中，在句末。例如：I alsowent there yesterday.[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]

(=I went there yesterday, too.)昨天我也去了那儿。Hedidn’t want to eat fast food, either. 他也不想吃快餐。

练习：根据句意，用also,too或either填空。

1. He didn’t feel like eating too muchfood, ______.

2. My sister ______ came to theparty last week.

3. We’d better catch the bus,______.

4. The books over there are ,______, theirs.

5. John is ______ 19 years old.

参考答案：1.either  2. also  3. too  4. too  5. also