remix os 平板:反意疑问句

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反意疑问句
(1)概述
反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句(tag question),附在陈述句后,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,由“be、have、助动词或情态动词+主语(与陈述句的主语相同)”构成,答语用yes或no。
如果陈述句是肯定结构,其后的附加疑问句用否定结构,反之,陈述句是否定结构,其后的附加疑问句即是肯定结构。
She looks quiet enough, doesn't she? 她看上去足够平静,不是吗?
-You haven’t been to Beijing, have you?你去过北京吗?
- No,I haven’t. How I wish to go there! 没,还没有。我多么想去啊!
If I knew the answer, I wouldn't be working, would I? 如果我知道答案了,我就不用费事了,是吗?
Susan's found her pass, hasn't she? 苏珊找到她的护照了,是吗?
He is expected to make a speech this afternoon, isn’t he? 预料他今天下午要讲话,他会吗?
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, didn’t it?他没通过驾照考试的消息使他很失望,是吗?
注意:前否定后肯定反意疑问句的答语
在回答否定主句的反意疑问句时,否定回答要用“No+否定短句”;肯定回答要用“Yes+肯定短句”,二者不可混用。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。
-She hasn’t got up, has she? 她还没有起床,是吗?
-Yes, she has.不,她已经起来了。
No, she hasn’t. 是的,她还没起来。
 

反意疑问句用法歌诀 反意疑问句三要点,前后谓语正相反。
短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯。
最后一点须注意,短句代词作主语。
反意疑问句回答方法歌诀 回答反意疑问句,答案含义是依据,
肯定事实用yes,否定事实no替。


(2) 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词时
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语不再用指示代词,而要用it或they代替。
That isn’t your desk, is it?那不是你的桌子,是吗?
These are interesting stories, aren't they?这些故事很有趣,是吗?
(3)当陈述部分的主语是“I'm...”结构时,疑问部分一般用aren't I。
I'm late for class, aren't I?我迟到了,是吗?
I'm doing well, aren't I?我干得很好,不是吗?
(4)当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, somebody, nobody, none等合成代词时,附加疑问部分的主语多用they,但也可用he。
Everyone came here, didn't they?都来了,是吗?
Nobody phoned while I was out, did they?我不在时,没人给我打电话,是吗?
(5)当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时,疑问部分的主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?都准备好了,是吗?
Nothing was said, was it ? 什么也没说,对吗?
Nothing can stop us ,can it? 没有什么能阻止我们,是吗?
(6)当陈述部分以不定代词one作主语,疑问部分的主语在正式的场合用one,在非正式场合用you。
One can’t be too careful, can one(you)?怎么细心都不为过,你说呢?
One should learn from others, shouldn’t one(you)?人要想别人学习,是吗?
(7)当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其它”结构时,疑问部分要用“be(not)+there”结构。
There is a book on the desk, isn't there?桌子上有本书,是吗?
There used to be a lot of coal mines in the south, didn't there?过去在南部有大量煤矿,不是吗?
(8)当陈述部分的主语是“I don’t think (suppose, believe)+that从句”结构时,疑问部分的主语和谓语须和从句中的主语和谓语在人称和数上相一致,并且还要用肯定形式。
 I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?我认为没人会自愿去做,是吗?
I don't think you've heard of him before, have you?我想你从前没听说过他,是吗?
I think it is your duty to stick to the fighting post at any time, isn't it? 我认为无论何时坚持你的战斗岗位都是你的责任,对不?
I don't suppose you are serious, are you? 我想你不是认真的,是吗?
注意:主句的主语不是第一人称时I是不存在这种情况。
You don’t think he can finish the work, do you?
(9)当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时,有两种情况:
①have作“有”解时,可有两种形式。
He has a new book, hasn’t/doesn't he?他有一本新书,是吗?
He has a lot of money, hasn’t /doesn’t he? 他有很多钱,是吗?
②have表示其它意思时,只用do的相应形式。
He seldom has lunch at school, does he ? 他在学校很少吃午饭,是吗?
His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, didn't she? 他妻子昨天请人把房子刷成了绿色的,是吧?
(10)当陈述部分有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分的谓语动词用ought(oughtn’t)代替。
Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they?这种事是不允许的,是不是?
He ought to be punished, oughtn't he?他应当受到惩罚,是吗?
但在非正式文体中,用ought we not形式。
We ought to go, ought we not?或We ought to go, should we not/shouldn't we?
(11)当陈述部分有情态动词used to时,疑问部分的谓语动词有两种形式。
He used to live in Beijing, use(d)n’t he/didn't he?他在北京住过,是吗?
There used to be a cinema here before the war, use(d)n't there/didn't there?战前这里曾有座电影院,是吗?
(12)当陈述部分有情态动词must时,常用的有三种情况:
①must表示“必须”、“禁止”等时,疑问部分用must(mustn't)。
I must answer the letter, mustn't I?我必须回信,是吗?
You mustn’t on grass, must you?你不能呆在草地上,知道吗?
must表示“有必要”时,附加疑问部分则用needn't。
You must go home right now, needn't you?
②当must用来对现在的情况进行“推测”时,疑问部分的谓语要根据must之后的动词不定式采用相应的形式。
You must be tired, aren't you?你一定是累了,是吗?
She must be bad at physics, isn't she? 她物理一定不好,不是吗?
You must know it, do you? 你肯定知道,是吗?
③当must用来对过去的情况进行“推测”(must+have+过去分词)时,若强调对过去情况的推测(一般有过去时间状语),疑问部分的谓语动词用“didnt+主语”;若强调动作的完成(一般没有过去时间状语),疑问部分的谓语动词用“haven't(hasn't)+主语”。
He must have been working here for 20 years, hasn't he? 他一定在这工作了20年,是吗?
You must have seen him yesterday, didn't you? 昨天你一定看见他了,不是吗?
(13)当陈述部分有have to或has to, had to时,疑问部分一般用do的相应形式。
We have to get up at four tomorrow, don't we?我们明天得四点起床,是吗?
They had to leave early, didn't they?他们早走是不得已,是不是?
(14)当陈述部分有had better时,疑问部分用hadn't或shouldn't。
You’d better go with me, hadn’t you/shouldn't you?你最好和我一起走,好吗?
He’d better leave, hadn’t he?他最好离开,是吗?
(15)当陈述部分有seldom, hardly, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时,疑问部分要用肯定形式。
She never tells a lie, does she? 她从不撒谎是吧?
She hardly ever speaks to you in English, does she? 她几乎没和你用英语说话,是吗?
Few people know her, do they? 几乎没有人认识她,是吗?
She seldom goes to work late, does she? 她很少上班迟到,是吗?
 (16)当陈述部分的谓语是带有否定词缀(前缀或后缀)的动词时,疑问部分仍用否定结构。
They disliked playing football, didn't they?他不喜欢踢球,是吗?
He is unsuccessful, isn't he? 他没成功,是吗?
(17)当陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望wish等时,疑问部分的谓语动词用may而且前后两个部分均用肯定式。
I wish to go home now, may I?我想回家,行吗?
I wish to go with you, may I? 我想和你一起去,行吗?
(18)感叹句的反意疑问句一律用否定式,并用be的一般现在时
What a lovely day, isn't it?多好的天气啊!
How cool the weather is, isn't it?天怎么这么冷!
What a stupid fellow, isn’t he?多傻的小子啊!
(19)祈使句的反意疑问句一般只用肯定式
①Let’s引导的祈使句,其反意疑问句一般用“shall we?”。
Let's discuss it now, shall we? 让我们现在讨论它,好吗?
It's a fine day. Lets go fishing, shall we? 多好的天。我们去钓鱼吧?
 ②由let us/him/ them(不是let’s)引导的反意疑问句表示“请求”(不包括听话人)时,一般用“will you”。
 Let us go home, will you?让我们回家好吗?
 Let him go with you, will you?让他跟你去,好吗?
③let me 开头的反意疑问句可用will you,也可用may I。