强调”就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中，要强调句子的某一成分，一般可用强调句型“It is (was) + that (who) + 句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：
一、去掉强调结构It is (was) … that (who)…后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较：
1. It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday.
2. It is you and Tom that didn’t come yesterday.
显然，句1去掉It is… that …后，句子结构不完整，是主语从句；句2去掉It is … that …后，句子变为you and Tom didn’t come yesterday. 仍是一个表意完整的句子，这是一个强调句。再如：
1. It is what you do rather than what you say ____matters. （05天津）
A. that B. what C. which D. this
答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型，去掉强调结构，剩下的是What you do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。
2. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ____I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when B. that C. before D. since （05安徽）
答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知，该句不是强调句型。It指时间，句意为：好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。
二、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。试比较：It was because of the accident why he was late. (误), It was because of the accident that he was late. (正)。又如：
1. It was not until midnight they reached the camp site. （08重庆）
A. that B. when C. while D. as
答案A。该题强干扰项是B，考生容易因强调时间状语until midnight而误选。
2. It was after he got what he had desired ____he realized it was not so important. （06辽宁）
A. that B. when C. since D. as
答案A。该句强调时间状语从句after he got what he had desired，题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。
3. It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. （08全国II）
A. that B. how C. which D. when
答案A。强调地点状语in New Zealand.
三、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式，在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:
1. I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited. （06山东）
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出，但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序：it is what that makes him so excited, 不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，强调了疑问代词what，因为wonder后宾语从句，故用了陈述语序。
2. It was not until she got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when B. that C. where D. before （06全国卷二）
答案B。如果去掉强调结构，该句是一个“not… until”句型：Jennifer didn’t realize she had lost her keys until she got home. 要强调时间状语until she got home，这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。
四、强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时，就用It is…, 表达过去时的各种形式时，用It was….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：
1. It is I who/ that am an English teacher.
2. It is the boy who/ that speaks English best in the class.
3. It was on Sunday that he gave George this ticket.
4. It is the little girl who/ that has broken the glass.
五、在复习中有可能把It is/ was…that句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况：
1、把具有实际意义的指示代词it后面接is/was…that误认为是强调句式。
--- Where did you get to know her? （07山东）
--- It was on the farm ____ we worked.
A．that B．there C．which D．where
答案D。该句易误作强调句型，所以A是强干扰项。这里where we worked 是定语从句，修饰the farm。It指“与她相识” 这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D，因为平日教学老师一再强调，用强调句型时即使强调地点状语，也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用it was… that强调句型的话，可改写为“It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.”
2、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。
It was twenty miles from our city to the village ____the accident happened.
A. that B. when C. then D. where
答案D。本题貌似It was…that强调句型，其实不然。句中It表示距离，where 引导地点状语从句。
3、把It is/ was… that结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。
The Foreign Minister said, “____our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” （04北京）
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is
答案D。如果选A和C，指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容，选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选It is后题干中出现了It is… that结构，但这不是强调句型。很明显，题干中的that从句应是主语从句，所缺的是形式主语。
____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy
A. As B. That C. This D. It （06浙江）
答案D。如果去掉It is … that, 中间的our belief就无法处理，因此该句不是强调句型，而是一个复合句，It是形式主语，that引导真正主语。
强调句型It is/ was… that/ who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词, 应该用代动词do及其变形does或did，这三种形式常用在谓语动词之前，以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如：
I do wish I could. 我真希望我能。
He does look well. 他的确看起来气色很好。
You did give me a fright. 你真把我给吓了一跳。
跟踪训练：
一、单项填空
1. --- He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.
--- When was ____? （07浙江）
--- ____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It
2. It is not who is right but what is right ____is of importance. （07重庆）
A. which B. it C. that D. this
3. It was along the Mississippi River ____Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how B. which C. that D. where （08天津）
4. Was it in the room ____Mr. Johnson lived ____the exhibition was held?
A. that; that B. where; that C. where; where D. that; where
5. It was _____ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair D. in repair
6. It is in Steven Spielberg’s first film, Jaws, ____ a big white shark attacks swimmers ____ are spending their
holidays in a small village by the sea.
A. where; who B. which; that C. that; that D. where; that
7. ---You seemed to have been impressed by his songs.
---Well, not exactly so. It was his way of singing____ his voice that really impressed me.
A. rather than B. as well as C. but also D. together with
8. When was ____you met with the famous scientist?
A. it that B. it C. the place D. the place that
9. It was the photo of mine ____was taken ____stood the high tower.
A. which; that B. that; that C. that; where D. who; that
10. Is it the years ____you worked in the factory ____have a good effect on your literary works?
A. that; where B. that; that C. when; where D. when; that
11. —Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
—No,_____only the two passengers who got hurt.
A. it was B. there was C. there were D. there had
12. It was _____ the exam results were known _____ a lot of time on computer games.
A. until; did the boy begin to regret having wasted
B. not until; that the boy began to regret to have wasted
C. not until; that the boy began to regret wasting
D. until; did the boy begin to regret to waste
答案及解析：
1－5 DCCBA 6－10 CAACD 11－12 AC
1. D。第一个空that代指前面那件事，意思是“那是什么时候”？后一个空是用 it 强调句型来强调，意思
是“那是在2000年他还在读大学的时候（他出版了他的第一本新书）”，句中when引导的是定语从句，
强调句型中的“…that he got his first book published”省略了，
2. C。考查it is…that强调句型。题干意思是“不是谁是对的而是什么是对的尤为重要”。强调结构中缺少强
调连词，故选C。
3. C。强调地点状语along the Mississippi River，该题强干扰项是D。考生往往受惯性思维的影响，见到地
点，马上考虑到表示地点的副词where.
4. B。识别强调句型不难，但极有可能在第一个空填that, 而误选D。其实被强调的部分还含有一个where引导
的定语从句，修饰room. 第二个空选that构成强调句型。
5. A。此为一强调句型，被强调的repairing the old clock在原句中充当省略了的介词in的宾语。
6. C。该题考查强调句型与定语从句混合运用时连接词的辨析。第一空所选that为强调句之连词，第二空所
选that为定语从句之关系代词。
7. A。该题考查强调句中被强调部分之间的连接词用法。由句意“是他的演唱方式而不是他的歌声给我印象
深刻”可知A为正确选项；as well as，together with两项虽然结构上也对，但不符合not exactly so。
8. A。这是特殊问句的强调结构，疑问词是被强调的部分。
9. C。这是个强调句型，强调 “the photo of mine”, 所以第一个空填that; 第二个空填where, 引导地点状语
从句，表明拍照的地点，这个状语从句用的是倒装语序。
10. D。考查强调句型。命题人为了增加句子结构的复杂性，又插上了定语从句。为了便于理解句子，可以
把句子还原为两个单句，可以看出“when you worked in the factory”是用定语从句来修饰被强调的主语
the years.
11. A。考生很可能误选C。因为考生想表达“不，只有两个人受伤”，很可能用There be结构表达“有”。
但是本句实际采用了强调结构，强调“only the two passengers”，故选A。
12. C。考查强调句型和非谓语动词的用法。从题干看，这是一个强调句，被强调的是not until引导的状语从
句，句子用陈述句语序；动词regret在此表示后悔做了某事，用regret doing / having done sth。
二、用强调句型it is/ was… that/ who强调划线部分
1. She didn’t know her mother was ill in bed until she came home from work.
2. Did his father die during the Second World War?
3. Who broke the window?
4. How did you succeed?
5. He is a teacher now.
6. I bought you the dictionary.
7. I am to blame.
8. You are wrong.
9. I am looking for him.
10. He told me the news at the gate.
答案：
1. It was not until she came home from work that she knew her mother was ill in bed.
2. Was it during the Second World War that his father died?
3. Who was it that broke the window?
4. How was it that you succeeded?
5. It is a teacher that he is now.
6. It was for you that I bought the dictionary.
7. It is I who/ that am to blame.
8. It is you who/ that are wrong.
9. It is him whom/ that I am looking for
10. It was at the gate that he told me the news.
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