老鼠爱大米的版权纠纷:中学生英语学习常见错误一览表（字母E、F）

中学生英语学习常见错误一览表（字母E、F）

日积月累

                                                           E
    
    each 
    [误] Every of them has his habit.
    [正] Each of them has his habit.
    [析] each可以作形容词,但也可作代词,而every只能作形容词。
    [误] The manager comes to America almost each month.
    [正] The manager comes to America almost every month.
    [析] each与every都作形容词讲时,都有"每个"之意,但有不同。each多指个体,而every则多指整体。如:We want every student to succeed. each不同来表达总体概念,所以不能与almost, nearly, likely等词连用。
    [误] We each has a book.
    [正] We each have a book.
    [析] each 作同位语时,其数应与其同位的名词相同,而each作主语时则应取其单数形式。 
    each other one another 
    each other与one another这两个词组的区别在很多语法书中强调each other是两者之间,而one another是多者之间,其实不然,如:All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事实上这两个词组是同义的,如果要讲有什么区别的话,当我们非常笼统地谈,而不特指什么人时,多用one another.
    early 
    [误] Could you come here more early?
    [正] Could you come here earlier?
    [析] 单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用er和est来作其结尾,如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。
    earth 
    [误] What on the earth do you mean?
    [正] What on earth do you mean?
    [析] on earth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气,其意为"究竟"、"到底"。而作为"地球"讲时则要加定冠词,如:How far is the earth from the moon. 而作为"泥土"讲时则为不可数名词,如:He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.
    easy 
    [误] You can easy imagine my surprise.
    [正] You can easily imagine my surprise.
    [析] easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词,如take it easy (不要紧张),go easy, stand easy等。 例如:Easy come, easy go. (钱来的容易花的也快. )Easier said than done. (说的容易做着难。) 
    east 
    [误] Japan is on the east of China.
    [正] Japan is to the east of China.
    [析] 在讲述地理位置时,有3个介词常用,它们是in, on和to, 其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内,如:Shanghai is in the east of China. on则表示双方接壤,如:North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to, 如:Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.
    either 
    [误] -I don't like opera.
    -I don't like too. 
    [正] -I don't like opera.
    -I don't like either. 
    [析] 在否定句中用either表示"也",而在肯定句中用too表示"也"。
    [误] Either you or I are right.
    [正] Either you or I am right.
    [析] 这在语法书中被称作就近原则,即哪个主语离谓语动词近,则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词,相同用法的还有neither…nor…,not only…but also…,以及or在连接两个主语时。如:You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.
    elder 
    [误] My older brother has gone to Shanghai.
    [正] My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.
    [析] 在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示"哥哥姐姐",如:my elder sister 姐姐,但表示岁数时则多用older,如:She is two years older than I.
    empty 
    [误] Are these seats empty?
    [正] Are these seats taken?
    [析] empty是指空洞的没有任何物体,如:The house was empty, 其意思是没有任何家具或屋内无人。但座位是否有人坐应用take.
    English 
    [误] My sister studied English language very well.
    [正] My sister studied the English language very well.
    [正] My sister studied English very well.
    [析] 在泛指某一种学科时,不应加冠词,如:I like history.但如特指某一门学科时则应加冠词,如:He likes the history of America.
    enjoy 
    [误] I enjoy to play football.
    [正] I enjoy playing football.
    [析] enjoy后要接动名词,而不接不定式。
    [误] Did you enjoy at the English evening?
    [正] Did you enjoy yourself at the English evening?
    enough 
    [误] I'm sorry. You are not studying enough carefully.
    [正] I'm sorry. You are not studying carefully enough.
    [析] enough要用在形容词或副词之后。
    [误] Do you have enough of money?
    [正] Do you have enough money?
    [正] Do you have enough of the money?
    [误] The coffee isn't enough.
    [正] There isn't enough coffee.
    [析] enough可以作be动词的表语,但其主语应是代词,如:That's enough. It was enough. 如果是名词时应换用上面的句型。
    entrance 
    [误] The entrance of the cinema is on your right.
    [正] The entrance to the cinema is on your right.
    [析] 在表示通往某处时entrance后面多用to作介词。这样的用法还有key to the door, answer to the question等。
    evening 
    [误] I walked home in a cold evening.
    [正] I walked home on a cold evening.
    [析] in the evening这一词组如加上另外的修饰词则其介词应换为on.
    everyone 
    [误] Everyone of you goes to class.
    [正] Every one of you goes to class.
    [析] everyone其后不能接of结构。在否定句中如果要讲"每一个人都没有注意到它",就译作:Nobody noticed it. 要注意Every one of us is not right. 应译为"我们不都对。"而None of us are right. 才应译为"我们全错了。"
    exam 
    [误] We take part in an exam.
    [正] We take an exam.
    [析] take part in为"参加"某种活动,运动,而在学科中选择某一学科学习并进行考试应用take.
    except 
    [误] The room is clean except two desks.
    [正] The room is clean except for two desks.
    [误] I come here every day except for Sunday.
    [正] I come here every day except Sunday.
    [析] 在同一类物体中排除某一部分用except, 在不同类物体中排除某一物体时用except for。而except that其后接从句,如:She is a good girl except that she is careless sometimes. 而besides则是"包括在内",如"我学习英语同时还学法语。"应译为:I study English besides French.
    exercise 
    [误] The students exercise spoken English in the morning.
    [正] The students practise spoken English in the morning.
    [析] exercise多指运动、训练,而practise则多指把理论付诸于实践的练习。
    [误] Everyone should do exercises every day.
    [正] Everyone should do exercise every day.
    [析] 作为运动讲exercise是不可数名词,而当"练习"、"体操"、"早操"则是可数名词,例如:I do a lot exercises in the P.E. class.

                                                      F
    fail 
    [误] Tom failed his exam.
    [正] Tom failed in his exam.
    [正] Tom failed to pass the exam.
    [析] fail为不及物动词,其后可用in加名词,或直接接不定式。
    family 
    [误] I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's families are waiting for me.
    [误] I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family is waiting for me.
    [正] I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family are waiting for me.
    [析] family是集合名词,把它当作整体看它是单数,如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数。如:Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.
    far 
    [误] My school is ten miles far from here.
    [正] My school is ten miles away from here.
    [析] far一般不与实际距离连用。
    [误] "Did you walk far?"
    "Yes,I walked far." 
    [正] "Did you walk far?"
    "Yes, I walked a long way." 
    [析] 一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语,而用a long way.far组成的常用词组有:as far as. ①远至,一直到。如:He walked as far as the station. ②就……而言。如:As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如:I can help you as far as I can. so for到目前为止。例:He is very well so far.
    farther further 
    far有两个比较级,即farther和further,其意思略有不同:farther主要用于表示距离的远近,如:Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further则是指"进一步的",如:Will we need any further discussion on this matter.
    fast 
    [误] A fast train runs fastly.
    [正] A fast train runs fast.
    [析] fast其形容词与副词形式相同。
    fast soon 
    fast指行动本身的速度快,如:The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短,时间到来的迅速,如:She will come soon.
    feel 
    [误] I feel badly about my mistakes.
    [正] I feel bad about my mistakes.
    [析] 感观动词如feel, smell等后面要接形容词而不是副词。feel good是指某人精神好,而feel well是指人身体状况良好。
    [误] I try not to hurt her feeling.
    [正] I try not to hurt her feelings.
    [析] feeling在作"感情"讲时要用复数,而作"感觉"讲则要用单数。如:I have a feeling that we will win the game.
    few 
    [误] Few of them is very good.
    [正] Few of them are very good.
    [析] few意为"几乎没有",但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用a few, 如:There were only a few people in the street.
    [误] There are less farms than there used to be.
    [正] There are fewer farms than there used to be.
    [析] few的比较级为fewer,其后接可数名词;而little的 比较级为less,其后接不可数名词。
    field 
    [误] He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.
    [正] He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.
    [析] in the field是"在田野上"或是"在某一学科领域内",而on the field则多指"在战场上"。如:He lost his life on the battle field.
    fill 
    [误] She filled orange into my glass.
    [正] She filled my glass with orange.
    [析] 表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fill with词组,如:The boy ran back home filled with joy.
    fill full 
    fill是动词,但有及物与不及物两种用法,当表示"充满"之意时是不及物动词,应用fill with,如:The little girl's eyes filled with tears. 而当表示"使……装满某物"时,是及物动词,如:He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with应看作系表结构,如:The boy's mother was filled with anger. full是形容词,要用be full of这一词组,如:The boy was full of joy.
    find 
    [误] He has finded his lost bike.
    [正] He has found his lost bike.
    [析] find是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为"建立",它是规则动词,其过去式及过去分词均为founded.
    [误] It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.
    [正] It is very difficult to find a suitable job.
    [析] look for为"寻找",而find是找到。寻找工作并不难,难的应是找到合适的工作。
    find find out 
    find out意为"找出、算出、发现",如:I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要侧重点在找到某物,如:I find my book under the desk.
    finish 
    [误] I finished to read that book last night.
    [正] I finished reading that book last night.
    [析] 英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语,这样的动词在中考范围内有两个,即finish和enjoy。
    fire 
    [误] There's no smoke without a fire.
    [正] There's no smoke without fire.
    [析] 此句应译为中文"无风不起浪"。fire作为物质名词"火"讲时为不可数名词,而作为"炉火"、"火灾"讲则是可数名词,如:There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要讲"着火了"要用be on fire, 如:The factory was
    on fire.
    [误] The man fired to us.
    [正] The man fired at us.
    [析] fire (on) at均指"向某目标开火",at用于较小目标,而on用于较大目标。
    first 
    [误] Is this your firstly visit to Beijing?
    [正] Is this your first visit to Beijing?
    [析] 除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外,这个词已不多见,而均被first取代。first还有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
    
    follow 
    [误] I received a letter which ran as follow.
    [正] I received a letter which ran as follows.
    [析] as follows是惯用法,其意为"如下",不论在任何场合均要用follows.
    [误] As follows are his arguments.
    [正] The following are his arguments.
    [析] as follows主要用于句尾,而the following则用于句首。
    food 
    [误] Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
    [正] Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
    [析] food泛指食物时为不可数名词,如:There is no food for supper. 而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。
    foot 
    [误] There is a fivefeetwide bridge.
    [正] There is a fivefootwide bridge.
    [析] 用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。
    [误] We went to college on feet.
    [正] We went to college on foot.
    [析] by后面加接交通工具时,不应加任何冠词,不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后,其前面的介词要作适当的改变,如:I came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.
    for 
    [误] I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.
    [正] I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.
    [正] I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.
    [析] 用for表示目的时,其后面只能接名词,而不要接动名词。
    [误] I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.
    [正] I went to the office to see the headmaster.
    [析] 用不定式来表示动作的目的。
    [误] I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.
    [正] I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.
    [正] I will leave for Shanghai.
    [析] leave for为一固定搭配,不要改动。
    [误] I bought a book to you.
    [正] I bought a book for you.
    [误] He is a friend for us.
    [正] He is a friend to us.
    [析] 在英文中"为"一词在泛指时用to, 在特指时要用for.
    [误] This food is good to us.
    [正] This food is good for us.
    [析] 词组be good (bad) for 表示"对……有好(坏)处"。
    [误] For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.
    [正] I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.
    [析] for作为"因为"讲时一般不要置于句首,而且口气也比because弱的多。
    forget 
    [误] I left my key.
    [正] I left my key at home.
    [正] I forgot my key.
    [析] leave是"丢下"之意,所以一定要接地点状语,而forget是"忘记",所以不用接地点状语。
    [误] I will not forget the rules.
    [正] I will never forget the rules.
    [误] Please don't forget posting my letter on your way home.
    [正] Please don't forget to post my letter on your way home.
    [析] 要注意forget to do something为"忘了去作某事",而forget doing something则应译为"对已经作过的事记不起来了"。如:He forget returning the book to the library. 应译为"他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了。"同样用法的词还有remember和regret.
    free 
    [误] You can speak free in front of my parents.
    [正] You can speak freely in front of my parents.
    [析] free作为副词时意为"免费"、"不必付款",如:You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely则意为"自由地"、"无限制地"。
    French 
    [误] She comes from French.
    [正] She comes from France.
    [析] French是"法语"、"法国的",而France才是"法国"。
    
    friend 
    [误] He nodded to me friendly.
    [正] He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.
    [析] friendly是形容词,不是副词。在英语中应避免讲He is a friend of my mother. 又比如:I go to school with my friend. 从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法。而应讲He is a friend of my mother's. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 则是"交朋友"之意,例如:I hope you will be friends with me. 而不应讲I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友还有一惯用法是make friends.
    from 
    [误] Where do you come from?I come from the library. 
    [正] Where do you come from?I come from England. 
    [正] Where did you come from?I came from the library. 
    [析] Where do you come from?应意为"你是从什么国家(地方)来的?"(即意为"你是哪的人?")而Where did you come from? 才是"你刚刚从哪来?"
    front 
    [误] There are three tall trees in the front of my house.
    [正] There are three tall trees in front of my house.
    [析] in front of是某物体外部的前面,而in the front of是在某物体内部的前面。如:The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.