偶看新闻金贝游戏:专门替中国人写的英语语法02
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/05/05 00:03:26
第十一章 词组（Phrases）和子句（Clauses）
请看以下的句子，特别注意划线的字群：
1. Understanding English is easy.
2. I want you to work hard.
3. Peter, who has been to
4. I told him that I was going away.
Understanding English和to work hard有一共同特色，他们都没有主词，也没有动词，这种字群，叫做词组（phrase）。
Who has been to England和I was going away中，内部都有主词和动词，这种字群，叫子句（clause）。
由于我们已经对词组很熟悉，我们在这里不再讨论，而我们在这一章将多多介绍子句的用法。
11§1 问题型式的名词子句
假如我们说〝我不知道他住在哪里〞，或者〝他究竟住在哪里仍是个谜〞，我们就可以用这种问题型式的名词子句，每一个名词子句都要用who, where, whether, which等来开始。以下是典型的例子：
I don't know where he came from.（我不知道他来自何处。）
Whether or not he is an American is still a secret.（他是否是个美国人仍然是个秘密。）
I will find out where he is living.（我要找出他住在哪里。）
I can not remember whether he smokes or not.（我不记得他是否吸烟。）
Please let me know how old he is.（请让我知道他多大年纪。）
Kindly tell me what you really need.（请让我知道你需要什么。）
You have to decide which book you want to buy.（你应该决定买哪一本书。）
Do you know where he is from?（你知道他是从哪里来的？）
Do you know who he is?（你知道他是谁吗？）
Please ask your brother whether he is coming or not.（请问你的兄弟他会不会来。）
When she is coming remains a puzzle.（她何时来仍然是个谜。）
I don't know what he is interested in.（我不知道他的兴趣何在。）
I don't understand what he is talking about.（我不知道他在谈什么。）
Do you know whose bicycle this is?（你知道这辆脚踏车是谁的吗？）
Do you know which country
You should ask your mother where you were born.
（你应该问你的母亲你在哪里生的。）
虽然每一个名词都有问题的意义，我们却不能在名词子句中用问句的型式，因为毕竟这个名词子句仅仅是一个子句而已，它的结尾并不是〝？〞。
因此以下的句子都是错的：
＊I don't know where did he come from.
＊I will find out how old is he.
＊Kindly tell me what do you need.
＊You have to decide which book do you want to buy.
＊When is he coming remains a puzzle.
【练习四十八】
将以下的中文句子译成英文：
1. 我不知道你是谁。
2. 请告诉我你是否是美国人。
3. 我不记得你是否喝咖啡。
4. 请问你的姊姊她去年是否去过日本。
5. 你知道他是谁吗？
6. 他从哪里来的是一个谜（puzzle）。
7. 我要找出他哥哥会不会游泳。
8. 我知道他为何如此悲伤。
9. 你知道玛丽什么时候来吗？
10. 你知道发生了什么事吗？
11. 我知道天空为什么是蓝的。
12. 请告诉我你去年去哪里工作的。
13. 你知道他在谈什么吗？
14. 我不懂他的问题是什么。
【练习四十九】
改错：
1. Please tell me why ishe so sad.
2. I do not know whereis she from.
3. Please tell me howmany people are there in this house.
4. Let me know how oldare you.
5. Is he a Japanese is amystery.
6. Do you know who isthe president of the
7. May I ask you whichkind of coffee do you like?
8. I can not rememberhow old am I?
9. What is he talkingabout is unclear to me.
10. Do you know why is hecoming?
【练习五十】
选择适当的代名词，如whether, which, what, who, how, when, why等填入下面句子的空格（有时会有多种正确的填法）：
1. I don't know book you bought.
2. Do you know he is from?
3. Please ask him he drinks tea ornot.
4. he is thinkingabout is well known to all of us.
5. Let me guess old you are.
6. May I ask you are so sad?
7. I don't know he is.
8. Do you know house this is?
9. This is not I want.
10. I don't care you want to say.
11§2 以that开始的名词子句
现在我们先试着翻译以下的句子：
地球是圆的是众所周知的事。
一种直接了当的翻译是：
＊The earth is round is known to everyone.
遗憾的是，以上的句子是不对，我们必须加一个that到名词子句里去，以下的翻译是正确的：
That the earth is round is known to everyone.
我们再来翻译一个中文句子：
我要求他一定要用功念书。
直接了当的翻译可能像下面的：
＊I demand he must work hard.
这是错的，我们应该加一个that在这个名词子句的前面。以下的翻译才是正确的：
I demand that he must work hard.
虽然我们常看到这种that被省略的情形，我们仍希望大家知道，为保险起见，最好不要省掉that。以下是一些例子：
That the sun rises from the west is wrong.（太阳从西方升起是错的）
That a lot of Jews were killed during the Second WorldWar is now a historical fact.
（大批犹太人在第二次大战中被杀是历史上的事实）
I didn't know that he is such a diligent student.（我不知道他是如此勤快的学生）
I demand that you go away.（我要求你离开）
I suggest that you go swimming every morning.（我建议你每天早上游泳）
That we should all respect our parents should betaught to our kids.
（我们该教孩子们尊敬父母）
I don't think that he is a good athlete.（我不认为他是一个好运动员）
Do you think that she is a good actress?（你认为她是一个好的演员吗？）
That he can speak good English helps him.（他能说很好的文，这点对他很有帮助）
I propose that we get married.（我建议我们结婚）
Let us always remember that there are a lot of poorpeople in the world.
（我们永远记住世界上有很多穷人）
Never forget that we should always love one another.（不要忘记我们应该互相友爱）
I am surprised to find out that he is a Catholic.（我很惊讶地发现他是个天主教徒）
That we lost the game made all of us frustrated.（我们输了，这件事令我们大感沮丧）
I can hardly believe that his English is so good.（我不能相信他的英文如此之好）
【练习五十一】
请将that加到以下句子去：
1.＊I told youyou must leave.
2.＊I am gladyou are here now.
3.＊He is anAmerican is unknown to us.
4.＊Can youimagine he is Chinese?
5.＊Do youthink he is a Chinese?
6.＊Hitler wasdefeated in the Second World War is an important event in the history ofmankind.
7.＊I do notthink he is a bad student.
8.＊I amsurprised to know she is from Japan.
9.＊It is hardto imagine he does not have a high school diploma.
10.＊Do youbelieve he is innocent?
11.＊I demand mystudents they work hard.
12.＊The sunrises in the east is a fact.
【练习五十二】
将以下句子翻译成英文：（用that）
1. 我不相信他是我的哥哥。
2. 我劝（advice）他到美国去。
3. 你相信地球是圆的吗？
4. 我告诉他他一定要读这本书。
5. 我忘记了你是个小孩。
6. 你能相信我会讲英文（speakEnglish）吗？
7. 他没有来令我生气（make meangry）。
8. 我认为他是个好人。
9. 不要忘记世界上有很多穷人。
10. 我知道他教英文。
11. 我从不知道他如此聪明。
12. 我知道他不能来。
13. 我希望他能来。
14. 你相不相信他在台湾长大的？
15. 我无法决定他该不该念大学。
16. 你告诉我他去年到美国了。
17. 这位老师不知道我的爸爸也是老师。
18. 我要问他明天会不会来我家。
19. 你知道这火车到台北吗？
20. 请告诉我你会不会说英文。
11§3 形容词子句（Adjective Clauses）
在上二节，子句都是用作名词的。在这一节，我们要介绍一种新的子句，那就是形容词子句。请看以的中文句子：
位在那房子里的人是我的哥哥。
我们不能直接了当地将以上的句子译成：
＊The person live in that house is my brother
第一种办法是将live in the house改成living in the house，也就是说，我们可以将那个中文句子译成下列的形式：
The person living in the house is my brother.
以上的句子中，living in the house是一个词组，我们可以将这个词组改成子句。因此，以下的翻译是正确的：
The person who lives in the house is my brother.
在以上的句子中，who lives in the house是一个子句，因为它有主词，也有动词。他的作用是形容The person，所以是一个形容词子句。
由于形容词子句永远都是在形容一个名词，因此我们在这个子句中必需有一个代名词（pronoun），像who, when, where, whom等。
以下是一些形容词子句的例子，读者应该弄清楚每一个形容词子句所形容的名词。
The people who live in the country are often veryhealthy.
（住在乡下的人常常很健康）
Do you like people who always talk about themselves.
（你喜欢那些永远讲他自己的人吗？）
The house which we bought last year is located besidea lake.
（我们去年买的房子座落在湖边）
I met your uncle who has a red car.（我遇见了你的有红色汽车的叔叔）
Do you know the author who wrote this novel?（你知道写这本书的作者吗？）
I have been to the house where Charles Dickens lived.
（我曾去过狄更司住过的房子）
I don't remember the year when the Second World Warbroke out.
（我不记得二次世界大战哪一年爆发的）
Let me know the date when you got married.（让我知道你是哪一天结婚的）
I bought the car which Michael Johnson drove.（我下了麦克强森开的车子）
The storm which hit
（上周袭击印度的暴风雨是很强烈的）
I thank all of you who helped me.（我要谢谢所有帮助过我的人）
The girl whom you met last night works in a library.
（你昨晚碰到的女孩子在一个图书馆里工作）
The students whom you taught like you very much.（那些你教过的学生很喜欢你）
I like the professor who taught me English.（我喜欢那位教我英文的老师）
In this country, there are a lot of students who go toschool by bus.
（这个国家有很多学生搭乘公车上学）
Have you heard about the murder case that occurredlast night?
（你有没有听到有关昨天晚上发生的谋杀案？）
Those who love others will be loved by others.（爱人者人恒爱之）
He is a person whom everyone is talking about thesedays.（他是大家最近在讨论的人）
The party which I went to is interesting.（我去参加的宴会很有趣）
The professor whom I spoke to is very friendly.（这位我和他谈话的教授很和善）
（这个岛屿属于俄国，俄国是一个大的国家）
请注意以上最后的四个句子，它们有一个共同的特性，那就是子句的最后一个字是一个介系词（preposition），我们先看第一个句子：
He is a person whom everyone is talking about thesedays.
这一句话可以分成两个句子来讲
He is a person.
Everyone is talking about him these days.
因此我们将这两句话合并而成为
He is a person whom everyone is talking about thesedays.
在正式的英文中，我们必须说：
He is a person about whom everyone is talking thesedays.
再看下一句：
The party Which I went to is interesting.
这句话也可以分成两句来讲：
The party is interesting.
I went to the party.
因此我们将两个句子合并为一个句子：
The party which I went to is interesting.
正式的讲法应该是
The party to which I went is interesting.
同理，在正式英文中，其它二个名词子句中的介系词，也应该放到前面去：
The professor to whom I spoke is very friendly.
我们还有一点必须在此指出，请看以下错误的句子：
＊I like the book which you gave it to me.
以上句子中的it是多余的，因为gave的受词是which，不需要加it。
以下的句子都是错的：
＊He is the person whom everyone loves him.
＊He is not the person whom you saw him.
【练习五十三】
将以下句子译成英文：（用形容词子句）
1. 我见到那位开快车的孩子。
2. 我们在讨论那些有问题的学生。
3. 每天游泳的人一定很强壮。
4. 开车送我去火车站的人是我的学生。
5. 你所看到的女孩子是我的妹妹。
6. 我喜欢你所写的诗。
7. 你们谈到的那位教授是我的哥哥。
8. 你们所听到的音乐是蓝调韵律（R & B）。
9. 我喜欢那些有图画的书。
10. 我不知道林肯在哪一个城市出生的。
11. 我很喜欢你送我的CD。
12. 我昨晚看的电影很无聊（boring）。
【练习五十四】
改错：
1.＊I saw theman who you talked about.
2.＊He is notthe man who we met.
3.＊Those cryvery often are usually not liked.
4.＊I like totalk to people which are friendly.
5.＊I enjoyreading the book which you gave it to me.
6.＊Do you knowthe person which every one knows?
7.＊Peter is agood singer practices singing everyday.
8.＊Do you knowPeter who we talked about?
9.＊Did you seethe person who I spoke to?
10.＊I have seenthe person whom we talked about him.
【练习五十五】
将代名词如when, where, which等填入空格：
1. He is the man is very goodin English.
2. I don't know the person you talkedto.
3. This is not the house the presidentlives.
4. I do not like any one criesfrequently.
5. Did you read the book you boughtlast month?
6. Do you know the year the Second WorldWar ended?
7. Do you know that student I taught?
8. I have no idea about the person you aretalking about.
9. Do you know he is talkingabout?
10. Do you know dress it is?
第十二章 冠词（Articles）
假设我们要翻译以下的中文句子：
他是聪明的孩子
也许我们会将以上的句子翻译成以下的句子：
＊ He is clever baby.
这种翻译是错的，boy的前面，必须有一个冠词，英文冠词只有两个：a和the，在这个例子，我们应该加a，因此正确的翻译是：
He is a clever boy.
我们现在再看以下的中文句子：
他是昨天来看我的孩子。
以下的翻译是错的：
＊ He is boy who came tosee me yesterday.
为什么错呢？仍然是在于boy前面没有冠词，这次我们必须加the，正确的翻译是：
He is the boy who came to see me yesterday.
一般来说，英文句子的单数名词前面都会有冠词，没有冠词是例外，以下的句子都是错的：
＊ He saw cat.
＊ Swimming is goodexercise.
＊ Java is computerlanguage.
＊ King of England died lastnight.
＊ He is professor whotaught me English.
正确的句子是：
He saw a cat.
Swimming is a good exercise.
Java is a computer language.
The King of England died last night.
He is the professor who taught me English.
我们知道大多数的名词前面要加冠词，但究竟要加a，还是the呢？我们在下一节讨论。
12§1 a 和the之不同用法
a和the最大的不同，在于a后面的名词不是指定的，而the后面的名词是有所指的。我们不妨看以下的两个句子，他们都是正确的，但意义却不同。
John is a boy.
John is the boy.
〝John is a boy.〞的意思是〝约翰是一个男孩〞，而〝John is the boy.〞的意思就完不同了，我们一定曾经提到过某一个男孩子，而约翰就是那个男孩子。可能的情形是：There is a boy who is very good in mathematics. Johnis the boy.
我们就以〝国王〞为例，如果我们泛指一般的国王，我们可以用复数，也可以用单数，但必须用a，以下是一些例子：
Kings are also human beings.
Even a king will die sooner or later.
Have you ever met a king ?
I do not like to be a king.
He is an ordinary person, not a king.
如果我们的国王是指某一个特定的国王，就必须用the，举一个例子；如果我们说〝国王万岁〞，我们当然是指我们的国王，因此〝国王万岁〞的翻译就是
Long live the King.
以下的例子都是正确
Here comes the King.
The King is a popular person in our country.
Even the King of England can not come in.
读者应该了解，同类型的句子，可以用a，也可以用the，但意义是完全不同的，请看以下的句子：
He is not a boy who would cheat others.
意思是：
他不是那种会欺骗别人的男孩子。
再看以下的句子：
He is not the boy who cheated in an examinationyesterday.
他不是昨天在考试中舞弊的男孩。
再看以下的句子：
He is a King.
意思是〝他是一个国王〞。
如果说
He is the King.
意思就完全不同了，这句话的意思是〝他是我们国家的国王〞。
请注意，世界上国王有好多个，如果我们仅仅说他是一个国王，当然没有指定哪一个国家的国王，就用a king，如果我们用the King意思当然指我们共识中的国王。这时的King中的K必须大写，以示尊敬。
我们再举一个例子：
Please open a window.
是指请开一扇窗子，随便哪一扇都可以。
Please open the window.
就不同了，说这句话的人和听这句话的人一定有一个共识，〝the window〞一定是指某一扇特定的窗子，也许这间房子里只有一扇窗，也可能他们谈话中曾经提到某一扇窗，〝the window〞就是指那一扇窗。
我们可以再举一个例，假如我们说，〝我们需要一场大雨〞，我们说
We need a heavy rain.
如果我们说，〝这场雨好大〞，我们说
The rain is really heavy.
有了这个基本观念以后，我们就很容易了解以下句子中，为什么要用the：
I am going to the train station.
The post office is quite near.
Where is the library?
根据这种原则，当我们提到地球，月亮这种独一无二的东西，就必须用the。
the earth
the sun
the moon
the universe
除此以外，the还有一个特殊的用途，我们可以在the的后面加一个形容词，使这两个字变成了一个名词，举例来说：
the rich＝富人
the poor＝穷人
the weak＝弱者
the deaf＝聋人
the blind＝盲人
请注意，以上的名词是复数：
The rich always get richer.
The poor are getting poorer.
The blind are often very sensitive to sounds.
以下是一些用a和the的例子，读者应设法了解句子中为何有时用a，有时用the。
He is a student.
He is the student who can swim very well.
I like to be a teacher.
He is the teacher who taught me English.
The president of the
I have a son and a daughter.
I have two sons. This is the son who will be a doctor.
I want to be a teacher who is loved by students.
He is not the person whom we talked about.
There is a boat in the river.
This is the boat which we can use.
The rain is going to stop tomorrow.
We need a good rain.
The weather is really bad.
Is there a train station near us?
Where is the station?
Do you know where the post office is?
There is a post office inside that building.
The library looks so good.
The rich should pay more taxes.
We should pay more attentions to the poor.
The blind can also study computer science now.
The earth is round.
The sun never sets in the
Do you think we can reach the moon?
How large is the universe?
【练习五十六】
将下列中文句子译成英文：
1. 他是一个好学生。
2. 他是那位老师都喜欢的学生。
3. 我要做总统。
4. 这是总统。
5. 请打开一扇窗。
6. 中华民国的总统将于明年访问美国。
7. 我要做一个好的工程师。
8. 他是那位我们常常谈到的老师。
9. Java是一个新的计算器语言。
10. 我有一只狗。
11. 他是获大奖的教授。
12. 火车站在哪里？
13. 请告诉我邮局的地址。
14. 这里有邮局吗？
15. 富人常住在城里。
16. 盲人可以用计算机。
17. 太阳在东边升起。
18. 宇宙是非常大的。
19. 为什么我们白天不能看到月亮？
20. 总统几岁？
【练习五十七】
将适当的冠词填入下列的空白：
1. He is student who went to seeyou.
2. There is river in this area.
3. I don't want to be teacher.
4. He wants to become doctor.
5. No one wants to be beggar.
6. Please open door which opens to thehall.
7. UNIX is computer operatingsystem.
8. WINDOW is only operating systeminvested by Microsoft.
9. I have dog and two cats.
10. She is teacher who got manyprizes.
11. earth is not flat.
12. Is there hotel around here?
13. Where is train station.
14. I really like library.
15. Please give me glass of water.
16. wind is getting strongerand stronger.
17. He is friend of mine.
18. It is hard for poor to go to colleges.
19. He is swimmer who swam acrossthe
20. weather is getting colderand colder.
21. This is book which I boughtyesterday.
22. I don't like to be professor.
23. I am going to take vacation next month.
24. John will become basketball player.
25. I ride bicycleto work every morning.
12§2 a 和an的用法
在英文里，a有时必须用an代替，凡是一个字一开始的发音是元音的话，那么前面就不能用a，而必须用an。例子：
an apple
an answer
an egg
an eye
an island
an idea
an old lady
an odd case
an umbrella
请注意，用an与否并不是完全和字母有关，而是和发音有关。举例来说，u虽然是一个元音字母，但是我们却说a unit，而不能用＊an unit，因为unit的一开始发音并非元音。
其它类似的例子有：
a useful car
a university
a uniform
a one-sided opinion
反过来说，有些字并不以元音开始，但是却必须用an，因为这些字的第一音节是元音发音，例子：
an honest person
an hour
【练习五十八】
填入a或an
1. He is English Professor.
2. This is easy job.
3. He is just ordinary person.
4. friend in need is friend indeed.
5. Give me hint.
6. I have American friend.
7. I will become engineer.
8. Is he honest boy?
9. hour later, he went away.
10. Is this university library?
12§3 冠词使用时的例外
在以上的两节，我们好像说冠词的使用是有一定规则的，其实不然，例外也不少。在很多情形之下，冠词是要省略的，更麻烦的是，连省略冠词的规则都有例外，应该省的却又不省了。
第一个有关冠词的特殊用法是这样的，假设我们要说〝男生通常不喜欢弹钢琴〞，我们不能说
Boy does not like to play the piano.
而要说
Boys do not like to play the piano.
这时，Boys的前面，是没有冠词的，理由很简单，我们不能加a，因为boys是复数，我们也不能加the，因为boys并没有指定哪一个男孩，也没有指定哪一种男孩。类似的例子有：
Girls are more diligent than boys.
When spring comes, flowers start to bloom.
Dogs are often close to their masters.
Cats are often quite lazy.
Men eat more than women.
Professors are all very smart.
第二个规则有关所谓不可数名词，很多名词是可以数的如：
a cup, two cups
a boy, three boys
a teacher
a student
a boat
an airplane
a glass of water
a cup of tea
可是很多名词是不可数的，以下这些名词都是抽象的，因此不可数
time
love
hatred
pain
joy
sadness
kindness
wisdom
hope
patience
这些抽象名词的前面是不要加冠词的，例子如下：
Time flies.（时间过得很快）
We can not live without love.
Let there be no hatred.
We must be able to endure pain.
Loving others creates joy.
There is sadness in his voice.
Can you feel his kindness?
He has wisdom.
There is hope among us.
I am losing patience.
以上的例子，乃是泛指的事物，如果特定的抽象名词，仍要加冠词。例如：
This is the time to cry.
Do you feel the pain?
There is a hatred towards was in our society.
Everyone can feel the joy of being loved.
We just can not avoid the sadness of losing some lovedones.
He does have the patience to listen to long talks.
It is a virtue not to steal.
还有一些不可数的名词，是所谓的物质名词，像
water
fire
air
metal
tea
coffee
bread
butter
如果这些物质名词泛指一般的东西，前面是不要加冠词的，例如
Drinking water is important.
Don't play with fire.
We need air to breath.
There is metal in this device.
I don't drink tea.
I like coffee.
Father brings bread and butter home every day.
一旦物质名词指特定的东西，前面就要加冠词，例如：
The water in this city is polluted.
There was a fire near our home last night.
The air in this town is getting worse and worse.
Copper is a metal.
The tea from
专有名词，一般说来都不要加冠词的：
Mary is from
John got married last month.
Go to
January is often very cold here.
Sunday is a day for resting.
Spring is the best season.
President Kennedy died when he was young.
King George was considered a mad king.
Queen Elizabeth visited
可惜的是，英文中专有名词仍有要加the的，我们将试着将这些例外写成规则，但这种规则一定挂一漏万，读者如要知道何种情况要加冠词，何种情况不加冠词，惟一的办法是多读英文的文章，慢慢地就会了解什么情形该用冠词，什么情形不用冠词。
哪些专门名词前面仍要加冠词the呢？
(1)河流，海洋，沙漠，海峡，海湾等等专有名词的前面都要加the。
the Hudson River （赫德森河）
the Rhine River （莱茵河）
the Yellow River （黄河）
the River Thames （泰唔士河）
the Amazon River （亚马孙河）
the Pacific Ocean （太平洋）
the Red Sea （红海）
the Mediterranean Sea （地中海）
the Baltic Sea （波罗的海）
the Atlantic Ocean （大西洋）
the Sahara Desert （撒哈拉大沙漠）
the Gobi Desert （戈壁大沙漠）
the Taiwan Straits （台湾海峡）
the English Channel （英吉利海峡）
the Manila Bay （马尼拉海湾）
the Bay of Tokyo （东京湾）
the Persian Gulf （波斯湾）
(2) 国家的名词中如有of时，要加the
the
the
the Republic of
(3) 非常言式的名称，也要加the
the World Bank （世界银行）
the United Nations （联合国）
the Red Cross （红十字会）
the Catholic Church （天主教会）
(4) 帝国，朝代，时代等等专有名词的前面，要加the
the British Empire （大英帝国）
the ＯttomanEmpire （奥图门帝国）
the United Kingdom （联合王国）
the Byzantine Era （拜占庭时代）
the Chin Dynasty （秦朝）
the Victoria Era （维多利亚时代）
the Hanover Dynasty （汉诺威王朝）
The Renaissance Era （文艺复兴时代）
the Dark Ages （黑暗时代）
(5) 如果提到〝全体〞，就要加the
the Wangs （王家）
the Kennedys （肯尼迪家族）
请注意，Wang和Kennedy都是姓，如果要指全家人，必须在姓氏的后面加s，前面加the。
the Chinese （中国人）
the Americans （美国人）
the Africans （非洲人）
我们说过，一般的专有名词是不要加冠词的，但是有很多其它的名词前面也不要加冠词，以下是一些规则：
(1) 学科一概不加冠词
I do not like mathematics.
He hates geometry.
She teaches us history.
(2) 三餐一概不加冠词
Did you have lunch.
Missing breakfast is bad for your health.
We have had dinner already.
千万记住，如果我们的名词指定某一个特定的时候，就仍要加冠词，以下是一些例子：
I had a happy Christmas lunch with my family.
The dinner you treated me last night was really good.
Did you have a big breakfast?
(3) 假如我们说〝上学〞，〝去教堂〞等等，都不要加冠词，例如
I went to church yesterday.
He goes to church every Sunday.
She is going to college this summer.
Did you go to school last week?
但是如果我们说的是指定的教堂，学校等等，仍要加冠词，例如：
I went to the church at the corner of
The church which I went to when I was young is stillthere.
I did not go to the college which my father went to.
(4) 语言不要加冠词
English is easy to learn.
There are also grammatical rules in Chinese.
Can you speech Japanese?
但是，我们必须注意语言有另一种表示的方法，例如：
The English language is easy to learn.
There are grammatical rules in the Chinese language.
(5) 运动一概前面不加冠词
Do you play tennis?
I can not play basketball.
I really love soccer.
(6) 动名词前面不加冠词，例如
Swimming is good for you.
I like playing tennis.
Do you enjoy playing piano?
【练习五十九】
以下的句子都有冠词用法的错误，请改正这些错误：
1. The Girls are often good in learninglanguages.
2. The dogs always chase the cats.
3. Do you have the time?
4. I have not had a water for two hours.
5. There is no life without the pain.
6. The love is the most important thing in one'slife.
7. He has the wisdom.
8. I am losing the patience.
9. This is not time to cry.
10. Pain due to losing a loved one is hard to endure.
11. Joy being a father is really great.
12. Being honest is virtue.
13. Speaking the truth is good policy.
14. Can you feel sadness of his?
15. We need the air to live.
16. I do not drink the coffee. I drink the tea.
17. We Chinese eat the rice every day.
18. Water in this area is very clean.
19. There was fire in the next street last night.
20. Fire last night killed three kids.
21. Coffee which you are drinking is from
22. Mary is from the
23. The
25. Where is the
26. Is the Russian in
27. The President Lincoln is a great person.
28. The King George was a mad king.
29.
30. Have you been to
31.
32. It is hard to cross
33. Can you swim across
34.
35. United Nations and Red Cross often work together.
36. When did
37.
38. Catholic Church is one of the oldest organizationsin the world.
39. This cup was made in Ming Dynasty.
40. Renaissance is a very important era for mankind.
41. We should not go back to Dark Ages.
42. Wangs did not invite me to their house.
43. I do not like Kennedys.
44. Chinese pay great attention to education.
45. I do not like the physics.
46. Are you interested in the chemistry?
47. Did you have the lunch?
48. Let us have the dinner together.
49. I always have a breakfast with my family.
50. I had big dinner last night.
51. Dinner my mother cooked for me was delicious.
52. I go to the church every Sunday.
53. He does not like to go to the school.
54. Did you see beautiful church in the next street?
55. The English is so hard for me.
56. Do you speak the English?
57. Do you play the tennis?
58. The swimming is good for you.
59. I like the walking in the woods.
60. I practice the baseball every week.
【练习六十】
在以下的空白处加入冠词，如不需要冠词，就让它空白：
1. boys usually do not liketo sit still for long.
2. I love to have cup of coffee.
3. There is love between us.
4. Can you feel love from you mother?
5. joy for having a new babyis really great.
6. Do you have time for a walk?
7. We can not live without love.
8. I have not drunk wine for a long time.
9. Do you have wisdom to distinguish badpersons from good persons?
10. This is good dinner.
11. I did not have dinner.
12. joy being mother is great.
13. Running is good practice.
14. sadness due to the deathof his mother really hurts him.
15. We need water to live.
16. We can not live without air.
17. I do not drink coffee.
18. fire with occurred lastnight destroyed my house.
19. coffee which you aredrinking is very light.
20. Republic of
21. Where is
22. Is
23. President Kennedy wasliked by most American before be died.
24.
25. Have you ever been to
26. Have you ever been to
27. There are more than one hundred countries in United Nations.
28. This is Ming Dynasty porcalain.
29. Wangs invited us to adinner party.
30. I do not like mathematics.
31. spring is a pleasantseason.
32. I had pleasant evening with myfriends.
33. breakfast which I hadthis morning was too light for me.
34. It is not easy to study English.
35. I did play basketball yesterday.
36. swimming is a goodexercise.
37. There should be chicken in every pot.
38. It is good idea to eat lightly.
【练习六十一】
将以下的句子译成成英文：
1. 狗会叫（bark）。
2. 猫会抓老鼠。
3. 有时候（sometimes），痛苦是好的。
4. 我不喝茶。
5. 感觉到被爱是很重要的。
6. 说实话令人快乐。
7. 我们需要爱。
8. 他是一个中国人。
9. 中国人喜欢喝茶。
10. 昨夜，城里有一场火。
11. 约翰来自美国。
12. 法国在哪里？
13. 我喜欢林肯总统。
14. 黄河不是黄的。
15. 红十字会已经有一百年了（one hundredyears old）。
16. 明朝是一个重要的朝代。
17. 你喜爱数学吗？
18. 我今天早上没有吃早饭。
19. 我已吃过午饭。
20. 我昨天没有去教堂。
21. 我今年秋天要上大学。
22. 游泳使我强壮。
第十三章 形容词的比较级
如果我们要翻译〝他比较老〞，我们不能说
＊ He is more old.
而一定要说
He is older.
为什么呢？这是因为英文里面的形容词有所谓的比较级规则。在下一节，我们讲一些最基本的规则。
13§1 最基本的规则
首先，我们要说明英文形容词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级，最基本的规则是根据音节的多少来分的。
一般来说，单音节的形容词在字后面加er，就变成了比较级，加est就变成了最高级，而双音节，或双音节以上的形容词，比较级是在字前面加more，最高级则是在字前面加most，举例来说，old, smart, strong, weak, high, low等等都是单音节的形容词，他们的变化如下：
原级
比较级
最高级
old
older
oldest
smart
smarter
smartest
strong
stronger
strongest
weak
weaker
weakest
high
higher
highest
low
lower
lowest
以上的形容词，都是单音节的，以下的例子都有关双音节的形容词：
原级
比较级
最高级
difficult
more difficult
most difficult
delicious
more delicious
most delicious
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
correct
more correct
most correct
stupid
more stupid
most stupid
significant
more significant
most significant
有一个规则必须注意，我们不能将more和er混在一齐用，以下的例子都是错的：
＊ He is more older thanI.
＊ He is more taller thanhis brother.
正确的句子是：
He is older than I.
He is taller than his brother.
【练习六十二】
写出以下形容词的比较级：
1. small
2. slow
3. intelligent
4. expensive
5. tall
6. short
7. important
8. cheap
9. famous
10. cold
11. fast
12. careful
13. colorful
14. long
15. dark
16. bright
13§2 特殊的比较级规则
在上一节，我们说明了最基本的规则，那就是单音节形容词加er或est，双音节的形容词前面加more或most。但以下就是这些基本规则的例外。
(1)单音节形容词的字是e，就直接加r或st：
原级
比较级
最高级
large
larger
largest
late
later
latest
nice
nicer
nicest
wise
wiser
wisest
(2)形容词的字尾是y，而前一个子母是一个子音，则除掉y，加上ier，或iest：
原级
比较级
最高级
lucky
luckier
luckiest
happy
happier
happiest
pretty
prettier
prettiest
dry
drier
driest
easy
easier
easiest
(3) 单音节形容词的字尾是子音，前一音是一个元音，则字尾必须重复一次，再加er或est：
原级
比较级
最高级
fat
fatter
fattest
hot
hotter
hottest
wet
wetter
wettest
big
bigger
biggest
(4) 完全不规则的变化：
英文中，有几个特殊的字，他们的比较级完全没有规则，以下是一些例子，读者必须记住：
原级
比较级
最高级
good
well
better
best
bad
worse
worst
many
much
more
most
【练习六十三】
写下以下形容词的比较级：
1. cute
2. wide
3. early
4. happy
5. heavy
6. thin
7. easy
8. hot
9. wise
10. large
11. good
12. bad
13. many
13§3 比较形的用法
大多数比较级句子里会有than，以下是一些例子：
I am older than he.
His English is better than mine.
His car is cheaper than your car.
He is the most diligent student in his class.
I like apples more than oranges.
He has more money than his brother.
He is stronger than his brother.
必须注意的是以下的句子是错的：
＊ I am older than him.
＊ She is smarter than me.
为什么错了呢？因为原来句子应该是：
I am older than he (is).
She is more smart than I (am).
习惯上的is和am都省略掉的，由以上的解释可以看出，than后面的句词应该是主词，而非受词。
以下的错误，也请特别注意：
＊ My head is larger thanyour.
正确的句子是：
My head is larger than your head.
或者 My head is largerthan yours.
请看以下几个错误的句子：
＊ My house is larger thanyour.
＊ The temperature of thiscity is higher than San Francisco.
＊ The height of Himalayasis greater than Mt.
＊ My bicycle is older thanhis.
正确的句子应该是：
My house is larger than your house.
或者 My house islarger than yours.
The temperature of this city is higher than thetemperature of
或者 TheTemperature of this city is higher than that of San Francisco.
The height of Himalayas is greater than the height of
或者 The heightof Himalayas is greater than that of Mt.
请注意以下的例子，句子中没有than，但仍有比较级：
Among all the teachers who have taught me, he is thebest.
This is the best movie I have ever seen.
This food is the worst one which I have ever eaten.
John is the stronger one.
Do we have a better choice?
Mary is the more diligent one.
He is the older of the two.
He is one of the best movie actors.
This area is one of the hottest areas in the world.
He is one of the fastest swimmers of
This is a book which I like most.
【练习六十四】
改错：
1. ＊He is moreold than I.
2. ＊She isyounger than me.
3. ＊Thisuniversity is more larger than that university.
4. ＊He is moreolder than my brother.
5. ＊His houseis older than my.
6. ＊The size ofthis city is larger than San Francisco.
7. ＊She istaller than him.
8. ＊The heightof this boy is greater than his brother.
9. ＊He is themost good student in my class.
10. ＊He is themore bad one.
【练习六十五】
将下列句子译成英文句子：
1. 你比他强壮。
2. 他的英文比我的好。
3. 他比他的弟弟更富有。
4. 他是世界上最富有的人。
5. 这支笔比你的贵得多。
6. 喜马拉雅山是世界上最高的山。
7. 亚马孙河是世界上最长的河。
8. 他比他的爸爸高。
9. 他是班上最好的学生。
10. 在我遇到的人中，他是最高的。
【练习六十六】
填充：
1. He is （old）than John.
2. This problem is one of the （difficult）problemsthat I have ever seen.
3. This is one of the （good）movies thatI have ever seen.
4. Do we have a （good）choice?
5. This place is （hot）than SanFrancisco.
6. He is （famous）than his sister.
7. She is getting （bad）now.
8. He is feeling （well）now.
9. He has （much）money thanhis father.
10. Mary is one of （beautiful）student inher class.
11. He is （happy）thanbefore.
12. Peter is getting （thin）.
13. This summer is （hot）than lastsummer.
14. You have a （bright）future now.
15. He has （many）studentsthan I.
16. I feel much （well）now.
17. Ｈe is （careful）than you.
18. Time is （important）than money.
第十四章 总复习的例子
在这一章，我们将给很多简短的文章，每一段文章的后面，我们都会有详细的解释，相信这些解释将有助于读者对于文法的了解。
（１）
Dear Mother:
I arrived at the Taipei Train Station around one o'clock in the afternoonyesterday. My friend, Mr. Chen, greeted me in the station. We took a taxi to godirectly to the university and checked into the dormitory. The dormitory is avery old one. I will live with three other boys and I met two of them already.Both of them are from
We went to the dormitory cafeteria for dinner. Thefood is not that good. Dear Mother, I miss you and especially the food youcooked for me.
Your son
这封信很简单，所叙述的事情不是用简单的现在式，就是简单的过去式，当然也有一次用了未来式。
绝大多数的句子都用了简单的过去式，因为这些句子都是叙述过去所发生的事，用现在式的有以下几句：
The dormitory is a very old one.
Both of them are from
The food is not that good.
I miss you and the food you cooked for me.
为什么这几句话要用现在式呢？道理很简单，这几句话描写的是一些状态，而并非过去发生的事。
〝The dormitory is a very old one.〞
〝Both of them are from Taichung.〞
〝The food is not that good.〞
〝I miss you and the food you cooked for me.〞
等四个句子都是目前存在的事实，所以要用现在式。
现在我们不妨看一下冠词的情形，我们可以看到很多地方都用了the，如：
the
the afternoon
the station
the university
the dormitory cafetervia
the dormitory
the food
the food you cooked for me
各位读者一定可以注意到在the后面的名词都有所指，举例来说，the university指那所作者要去念的大学，他的妈妈知道他所说的是那一所大学。The dormitory指那间他已搬进去住的宿舍。凡是有所指的名词前面，原则上都应该加the。
哪里用了〝a〞呢？注意，我们用了两次
a taxi
a very old one
读者应该不难看出为什么这里我们不能用the，而一定要用a。
（２）
Mary: "Hello, this is Mary. Who is calling?"
John: "Hi, this is John. How are you?"
Mary: "I am doing fine. In fact, I am studyingfor the final examination now."
John: "Oh, I am sorry. When will the exam beover?"
Mary: "This Friday."
John: "Then, can we have dinner Fridayevening?"
Mary: "OK, where are we going to eat?"
John: "How about the Chinese restaurant calledFour Seasons?"
Mary: "That is all right with me. When do wemeet?"
John: "How about six o'clock?"
Mary: "That's it. See you Friday evening at 6o'clock at the Four Seasons."
这一篇短文主要的目的在于介绍所谓现在进行式。
Who is calling.
I am doing fine.
I am studying for the final examination now.
都是标准的现在进行式，事实上，也必须用现在进行式。
（３）
I have been interested in music ever since I was asmall child. When I was seven years old, my mother gave me a violin as abirthday present. I have been taking violin lessons ever since.
I am so much interested in music that I finallydecided to go to music school. This was a hard decision for me. I consultedwith my parents. Both of them encouraged me to go ahead.
Yesterday, I was accepted by one of the best musicschools in
这一段话中，我们开始用现在完成式，比方说第一句话就是
I have been interested in music ever since I was asmall child.
为什么要用现在完成式呢？道理很简单，这句话里面有有〝ever since〞这个词，凡是有了这个词句，我们就一定要用现在完成式了。
另外一句用了现在完成进行式的句子是：
I have been taking violin lessons ever since.
读者不妨去看看第四章，就知道为什么这里要用现在完成进行式了。凡是〝自从〞某某日开始，而就一直在做的事情，就应该用现在完成式，或者现在完成进行式。
这一段文章里面，我们还用了被动语气。
I was accepted by one of the best music schools in
各位读者不妨注意，这被动语气的用法是很正当而且适宜的，如用主动这句话变成了
One of the best music schools accepted me.
这样反而并不太能表达原意。
（４）
Before I got into college, I had been to the
As I studied as a college student, Hitler was secretlypreparing for the Second World War. The war erupted finally when I was asenior. I was forced to quit school and was drafted into the army. I luckilysurvived the war and came back to resume my studying after the war was over.Since I had gone to the war, I was more mature than most of the other students.
Even now, I can still remember my days as a collegestudent as well as a soldier.
这篇文章介绍了如何使用过去完成式，第一句话就用了过去完成式，因为有两件事，一件是〝进大学〞，另一件是〝去过美国〞，由于在进大学以前去美国，所以〝去美国〞就用了过去完成式。
请注意第二段的第一句：
As I studied as a college student, Hitler was secretlypreparing for the Second World War.
这一次，我们用了过去进行式，因为有两件事，〝在学校念书〞是一件事，〝希特勒在准备发动第二次世界大战〞是另一件事，其中有一件可以用过去完成式。
同理，在第二段话的最后一句话中，〝曾经去打过仗〞用了过去完成式。
这段文章中，有一句话用了被动语气，读者不妨看这句话〝I was forced to quit school.〞，其实我们在这种情形之下，我们必须用被动语气，当然也可以用主动语气，不过那并不太自然。
也请读者注意这段文章的最后一句话仍一定要用现在式。
（５）
I have been interested in reading novels for a longtime. Among all of the novels that I have read, I like detective novels themost. Among all detective novels, I especially like those written by AgathaChriste.
Last year, I started reading another kind of novels,namely science fictions. I found out that some science fiction writers arequite philosophical. Unfortunately, there are not too many of them.
I always have a dream that one day I will be good inwriting novels. Do you think that my dreams may come true?
这段文章中，我们介绍了动名词的用法，第一句话的reading就是动名词，除此以外，我们还有两处用了动名词：started reading和good in writing。
读者也应该了解为什么第一句话要用现在完成进行式，在第二句话里面，当我们形容novels，我们也用了现在完成式。
请读者注意第一段的最后一句话，those written by Agatha Christe。在这里，written是一个过去分词用作了形容词，形容novels，我们也可以说those whichwere written by Agatha Christe.
顺便讲一下，Agatha Christe是一位非常著名的侦探小说作者。
也请大家注意，我们只能说interested in reading，而不能说interesting in reading。
（６）
Tomorrow, there will be a dancing party in ouruniversity. Since we are freshmen and most of us have never been to a largedancing party, we are naturally very much excited. I must say that I am notthat excited. Although dancing is interesting, I often think that the music istoo loud. Besides, as a bystander, I often find the way that the young peopledance these days is so funny. When they dance, they often remind me of monkeys.
Well, I must admit that playing basketball is moreinteresting to me. But, unfortunately, I cannot play basketball tomorrowbecause the courts will be used for the dancing party.
这一段话主要的目的是介绍现分词和过去分词用成形容词的做法。第一个现在分词是dancing，dancing 在这里形容party。
我们在这里看到有些时候，我们应该用现在分词，有时要用过去分词。请看以下的句子：
We are naturally very much excited.
在这里，我们一定要用excited，绝对不能用
＊We are naturally very exciting.
下一句
Although dancing is interesting,
在这里，我们必须用interesting，而不能用interested。也就是说，我们不能说
＊Although dancing is interested.
（７）
We probably all believe that we should love others andforgive those who do bad things to us. Unfortunately it is often hard for us topractice what we believe in. For example, if someone really hurts us badly, wejust do not know what we should do. Should we take some kind of action to hurtthe person who hurt us, or should we forgive him?
The truth is that we may still seek justice. It isright if we want a criminal to go to jail for his crime. Yet, we should neverhave hatred in our hearts.
这篇文章的目的在介绍〝子句〞的用法，请注意这篇文章内的很多子句，举例来说
that we should love others and forgive those who dobad things.
就是一个子句，这个子句是believe的受词，有趣的是，这个子句内部又有一个子句，那就是
who do bad things to do.
这个子句是形容those的。
以下是这一段文章的全部子句：
that we should love others and forgive those
who do bad things to us
what we believe in
what we should do
that we may still seek justice
练习题答案
[练习一]
1.I love myparents.
2. He loveshis teacher.
3. He keepsswimming every day.
4. He wantsto drink a glass of water.
5. He likesplaying the violin.
6. Jack doesnot like mathematics.
7. Maryhates singing.
8. My mothercooks very good food.
9. He wantsme to see him tomorrow.
10. He doesnot know my name.
11.I do notlike you.
12. He doesnot like swimming.
13. You didnot go home.
14.I do notlike swimming.
15.I wantedto go to my mother's home.
16.I do notlike swimming.
17.I did noteat dinner.
18.I willnot go home.
19.He didnot go home.
20.You mayleave now.
21.He canswim.
22. He doesnot go to work.
[练习二]
1. He.is agood student.
2. My elderbrother is seventeen years old.
3. Myyounger brother swims every day.
4.,'All ofthem like music.
5. They arein
6.
7. The
8. Hisfather is a teacher.
9. All ofus like Chinese food.
10. Hedoesn't like ice cream.
11.I loveyou.
12. Everyonelis afraid of snakes.)
13. Everyonelikes dogs.
14. It isvery cold today.
[练习三]
1. He iswatching a movie.
2.I am swimming.
3. She is making a phone call to hermother.
4. His brother is taking a walk.
5.I am eating now.
6. We are singing.
7. He is playing the piano.
8. He is reading a novel.
9.I am writing a letter.
10. He is running.
[练习四]
1.I love you.
2.I am eating dinner/lunch now.
3. He is not a student.
4.I am a teacher.
5.I am singing.
6. He is swimming now.
7. He likes swimming.
8. He can sing.
9. He is singing now.
10. His father is a doctor.
11. His father is in the
12.I am taking a bath.
13. He issleeping now.
14. Your sister is riding her bicyclenow.
15. Your sister goes to school bybicycle.
[练习五]
1.I attended a party yesterday.
2. Hi's elder brother called meyesterday.
3.I went to
4.I met your sister last night.
5.I wrote a letter to you.
6.I ate an egg this morning.
7. Last night, he danced all night.
8. We ran five thousand meters yesterday.
9. He was very tired last night.
10. He visited his father in
[练习六]
1. He is a strong boy.
2. He was sick yesterday.
3.He eats an apple every day.
4. He ate three apples yesterday.
5. 1 like to watch movies.
6.I am a happy man.
7. Iwatchedtwo movies yesterday.
8.I le senta letter to you yesterday.
9. He smokes very often.
10.I read the Bible every day.
11. He did not read the Bibleyesterday.
12. He did not swim yesterday..
[练习七]
1. He is playing basketball now.
2. He likes playing basketball.
3. He played basketball yesterday.
4. He goes to school by bicycle everyday.
5. He went to the country by bicycleyesterday.
6.I like singing.
7. He is singing now.
8. Your father came to see meyesterday.
9. His older brother walks twokilometers.every day.
10. His younger brother is a good boy.
11. He was very weak last year.
12. He is making a phone call now.
13. He works hard every day.
14. Your younger brother likesswimming.
15. He was a good student before.
[练习八]
1. Itwas raining when he went to school yesterday.
2. He was reading a newspaper when the train stopped.
3. They were singing when the trainarrived in the station.
4. He was calling his father when Iwent to his house.
5.I was watching TV when the clockstruck eight lastnight.
6.I was brushin my teethwhen my father called me.
7. He was swimming when I called him.
8. That dog was sleeping when the catcame in.
9. He was playing the violin when his younger brother came home.
10. My mother was cooking dinner when my father came home.
[练习九]
1.I am a Christian.
2. He was a Catholic when hewas a child.
3.I went to see my motheryesterday.
4.I like to play the piano.
5. He is eating now.
6. He likes to eat ice cream.
7. He walks to school everyday.
8. He is walking now.
9. He is a good boy.
10. He was swimming when I called him.
11. He went to see his mother yesterday.
12.I was taking a bath when mymother called me.
13.I like to swim.
14.I liked to swim when I wasyoung. Now, I don't because I am too old.
15. It is raiping now.
16. It was raining when I drove to work yesterday.
17. It rained last night.
18. It rains very often here.
19. He was reading a book when I went to see him yesterday.
20. I was a student when I wasyoung. Now I am a teacher.
[练习十]
1. They were driving when I went tosee them yesterday.
2. It rains very often in
3. He gave his book to his brotherlast month.
4. He goes to work every morning.
5. He likes to tell stories.
6.I like to go to church.
7. The sun is setting now.
8. They arcplaying the piano now.
9.I loveyou.
10. He was a good student before.
11. He went to church last Sunday.
12. It rained last night.
13.I was playing when you called.'
14. It was raining when I drove towork last night.
15. He does not know me.
16.I was swimming when my mother came.
17. They are singing now.
18. He does not like to swim.
19. He always wears a black coat.
20. He is watching TV now.
[练习十一]
1. I have swum every morning since1980.
2.I have received your letter.
3.I have never been to
4. He has been a Christian since hewas a child.
5.I have seen your grandfather.
6. Your brother has always lived here.
7. He has been learning to play thepiano for a long time.
8.I have already written threeletters, but he didn't reply.
9. For the past three years, I havedriven this car.
10. He has been a teacher since 1975.
11.He hastaught English for a long time.
12.I have seen Gone with the Wind.
13.I have eaten.
14.I have been to the beach threetimes this year.
15.I have loved you all my life.
[练习十二]
1.I went to see Gone with the Wind yesterday.
2.I have never seen Gone with the Wind.
3. I lived in
4.I have lived in
5. He has never been to
6. He has finished the report.
7.I finished the report last night.
8.I saw your father last night.
9.I have seen your father so manytimes already.
10.I have lived in Tai-Chung all mylife.
[练习十三]
1.I had become a Christianalready when I was a child.
2.I have been a Christianall my life.
3. He has lived here since 1939.
4. Stop eating now. You have eaten too much.
5. It rained last night.
6. John is awriter. He has written thirteen novels.
7. Last night, I saw your father for the first time in my life.
8.I talked to my father lastnight.
9. Since 1961,I have been a teacher. Before that, I was a
student.
10.I have read many novelswritten by Charles Dickens.
[练习十四]
1. We have been working hard since wewerellittle kids.;
2. Since last year, he has beenstudying English.
3. It has been raining sinceyesterday.
4. Since five o'clock, he has beendoing his homework.
5.I have been living in
[练习十五]
1.I had met your mother before I wasfourteen years old.
2.I had been to
3. He had read the Bible six yearsago.
4.I had been an engineer before 1studied in the university.
5.I had called you before you came.
6.I had met Mr. Lee before I haddinner with him last night.
7. He had been a good president beforehe resigned.
8. He had been a good doctor before hedied.
9. He had been practiced singingbefore he started going to the
church. 10. It had been raining beforeeight o'clock this morning.
[练习十六]
1. You were singing when he went tosee you yesterday.
2. He had been a good boy.
3. All of them like to playbasketball.
4. We are watching TV now.
5. You have lived in
6.I have already read over this book.
7. They have lived here all the time.
8.I had gone to church before cominghere.
9. He likes to watch the sunrise.
10. He likes swimming.
11. He has been learning to play thepiano since he was six years old.
12. He used to be a strong boy.
13. He had been a very healthy manbefore he got sick.
14. People were dancing when the trainarrived at the station.
15. He hadbeen a musician before the war broke out.
16.I haveseen you before.
17.I saw youlast year.
18.I havealready written the letter.
19. Since1974,I have been a soldier.
20.I have read many English books.
[练习十七]
1. He loves his country.
2. He loved his country, but now he does not.
3. I have been a teachersince 1975.
4.I had been a teacherbefore I went to college.
5.I have been reading Shakespeare ever since I was a littlegirl.
6. When I went to see her yesterday,she was watching TV.
7.I had seen your fatherbefore I saw you.
8. He has read many detectivestories.
9. He goes to church every Sunday.
10. It was a cold day yesterday.
11. It has been raining forthe last two days.
12.I have eaten too much. I amfull now.
13. She had been a nurse before the war broke out.
14. I have never seen you in my life.
15. He has been a teacher since 1980.
16. It is good to cat vegetables every day.
17. It was so nice to meet you last night.
18. She had been such a nice girl before she died.
19. Peter has gone to
20. He has been working hard since last year. He hopes to succeed in the college entrance examination this time.
[练习十八]
1.I will go to church tomorrow.
2. He will meet me next Monday.
3. He will clean this room tomorrow.
4.I will go to
5.I will call you tomorrow night afterI go home.
6.I will major in law after I graduate.
7.I will watch TV tomorrow after youleave.
8.I will go to
9.I will write a letter to youtonight.
10.I will wait for my brother tonight.
[练习十九]
1.I am going to be in
2.I will explain this to youtonight after I read the report.
3. I will see you tonight.
4. As soon as you come see me, I will give you my book.
5. When you arrive in
6.I will go to church after the rain slops.
7.I will watch the new TVprogram after you leave..
8. Whenyou get here tomorrow, everyone will be waiting for you.
9.I will get a job as soon asI get out of college.
10. He will have dinner very late tomorrow.
11.I will quit my presentjob, after I find a better one.
[练习二十]
1.I will be watching thebaseball game tomorrow night.
2. He will have finished thereport when you arrive at hishome.
3.I will have washed my cartonight when my mother comes.
4. They will be playing their violins when the clock strikes twelve.
5. He will have completed writing this program before ten o'clocktonight.
6. He will have been thepresident for three years next May.
7.I will have repaired mycar when you come tonight.
8.I will have read thisreport before six o'clock tomorrow evening.
9. People will be dancing in the streets if Mr. Robertson is elected President.
10.I will have driven fourhundred miles tomorrow.
[练习二十一]
1. Perterson was born in 1965. Heliked music when he was a child. Since 1975, hehas been learning to play the violin. Now, heis a very good violinist.
2.I will be watching TV at home whenmy elder brother visits me tomorrow. I like to watchprograms about hospitals.
3.I liked to play basketball when Iwas a child. Now, 1 don't because I had a car accident.
4. I am calling my mother, who iseighty-eight years old and has lived in
5. I had been to
[练习二十二]
1. I am watching TV now. I watch TV every day.
2. He had had a big dinnerbefore we arrived last night. It was agood meal. He seldom ate so much.
3. He has been working on this novel for a very long time.
By the time he finishes it, he will have written six novels.
4.I have been to
5.I lived in
6. It ismy birthday tomorrow. Yet I have a test the day after tomorrow. SoI will study in the library tomorrow night.
7. He had been a strong kidbefore he became an athlete in college. Now althoughhe is seventy years old, he is still quitehealthy.
8..He takes a bath everymorning. Today, since he got up very late, he went to school directly withouttaking a bath.
[练习二十三]
1.I didn't see your brother lastnight.
2.I don't like apples.
3. She is not a beautiful girl.
4. They cannot play violin very well.
5. Mr. Chang must not answer thefollowing questions.
Mr. Chang does not have to answer the following questions.
6. He didn't go to see his brother last night.
7. He couldn't sing many songs.
8. He will not buy thiscar. 9.Itdidn't rain heavily last night.
10.I have not lived here for threeyears.
11. He doesn't have to see his mother.
12. He didn't have to stay hereyesterday.
[练习二十四]
1.I have no money.'
2. A selfish person does not have any friends. ,
3. No man is entirely alone.
4. No one is living here.We can not get into this house.
5. Not a single person lovesme.
6. No one loves me.
7. The person whom I saw did not come.
8.I did not go to work yesterday.
9.I had no work to do yesterday.
10.I can not find any one in this hall.
11.I have neve I gone to
12. He has never written to me.
[练习二十五]
1. Do you like him?
2. Is he an American?
3. Did you go to church yesterday?
4. Has he been to
5. Do you want to go to
6. Doesn't he like sports?
7. Haven't you been to
8. Does he have a sister?
9. Are they students?
10. Did your brother see my fatheryesterday?
[练习二十六]
1. Where did you buy this book?
2. When did he go to
3. What is his father's name?
4. Whose book is this?
5. Where are you from?
6. Which book do you want?
7. Who is this kid?
8. Whom does he like most?
9. What is his name?
10. Where did you go yesterday?
11. Whose dog is this?
[练习二十七]
1. Where did you go lastnight?
2. Which book do you like?
3. Who is your brother?
4. What is his name?
5. Who wrote this letter?
6. Whom did you give thisbook to?
7. Who gave you this book?
8. Whose car is this?
9. Whose dog is this?
10. Which movie did you see?
11. Who can speak English?
12. Whom did you speak to?
13. What kind of car is this?
14. Which fruit do you likemost?
15. Who does not swim?
[练习二十八]
1. That movie was seen by him lastnight.
2. That letter was written to me byhim.
3. Those English classes are taught byhim.
4. You are loved by God.
5. Two houses were bought by them.
6. This room was painted by me.
7. Those roses are grown by him.
8. His students are helped by him.
9. The house was sold by me.
10. This car was bought by my uncle.
[练习二十九]
1.I saw thepoliceman.
2.I wrotethose two books.
3. My teacher corrected thesesentences, .
4. A car hit him.
5.I locked his door.
6. My father built his house.
7. My father gave his boat to me.
8. People here rarely see this bird.People rarely see this bird here.
9. Everyone likes him.
10. Their friends gave them tendollars.
11. He took this picture.
12. The young men drank too much wine.
13. Mr. Wang taught me.
14. His father helped him.
15. That waiter served them.
16.'My mother prepared his food.
17. My sister made his toy.
18. Jim returned the book to me.
19. My brother wrote that song.
20. He invited me to a party.
[练习三十]
1. Three novels have been written byhim.
2. That letter will be written by him.
3. These songs will be sung by themtomorrow.
4. The speech will be given by him.
5. The house is being painted by them.
6. Three books have been given to himby me.
7. This job can be done by me.
8. That story had been told to me byhim before we went there.
9. The students should be helped bythe teachers.
10. The report is being written by himnow.
11. This book must be read by thestudents.
12. This letter has to be given to my motherby me tonight.
13. The law ought to be obeyed by allcitizens.
14. All of the cakes have been eatenby him.
15. Pictures were being taken by thereporters when the storm started.
16. The work had been finished by himbefore five o'clock last night.
17. That letter will be written byPeter.
18. My letter has been received byJohn.
19. The movie Gone with the Wind wasseen by millions of people
20. That theorem has been proved byhim.
[练习三十一]
1. Joseph has written two books.
2. Manystudents are choosing football.
3. His father should give him thatlecture.
4. He will write that report.
5. The King has received the letter.
6. Everyone should see this movie.
7. Every student ought to read thisbook.
8.I am helping them.
9. All of us are going to sec themovie.
10. Kids can eat this cake.
[练习三十二]
1. Apples arc not grown by the farmershere.
2.1 was not met by him last night.
3. That letter has not been written byme.
4. That movie is not going to be seenby John.
5. That movie was not filmed by mc.
6. English is not spoken by him.
7. English will not be spoken by him.
8. That cake should not be eaten byyou.
9. That kind of fish is not eaten by my mother.
10. That report has not been writtenby John.
[练习三十三]
1. He did not write the book.
2. You arc not going to help me.
3. John has not received that book.
4. College students do not like thatsong.
5. Mary does not love John.
6. My students will not meet metomorrow.
7. Vegetarians do not cat meat.
8.I did not open the door.
9.I did not pay those ten dollars.
10.I did not buy the car,
[练习三十四]
1.Is a book being written by him?
2. Was that book written by him?
3. Was that letter signed by you?
4. Where was that movie seen by you?
5. When was that movie seen by you?
6. Has that job been finished by him?
7. Were you given the gift by mother?
8. Were you visited by your motherlast night?
9. Are roses grown by them?
10. Is English spoken by them?
11. Was that game of tennis won byyou?
12. WillEnglish be taught by you?
[练习三十五]
1. Did you cat the cake?
2. Do all of us like him?
3. Does everyone in
4. Do old people cat fish?
5. Do most women love roses?
6. Did you call him?
7. Does John play soccer?
8. When did Mozart write this music?
9. When did you see him?
10. Did you see them last night?
[练习三十六]
1.I sent two letters yesterday.Didyou receive them? Every letter was written by me. Please writeback to me soon.
2.I was invited to a dancingparty last week. The music was sonoisy. I left the party as early as I could
3. Did you write that report? Yes, it was written by me.
4. He did not like music whenhe was a child. After he got into college, he was taught by agood music professor. Now, he enjoys music very much and listens toclassical music every morning.
5.I bought a red car yesterday. It wasmade in
6.I did not go to schoolyesterday because my bicycle was stolen.
I bought a new bike yesterday.
7. Where did (do) you go last night? I could (can) not find (find) you. You were seen (sec) by no one.
8. A: Docs . he smoke ?
B: No, he does not. Smoking has never been tried by him.
9. Was the book written by him?
10.I bought three books lately.One was written by Graham Greene.
I finished reading it. There are many interesting stories in it.
[练习三十七]
1. This is a book which was written by Dickens.
2. Is the music enjoyed by thoseelderly people?
3. When were you visited by your father yesterday?
4. This book was written by John.
5. He was invited to come to my home by my father yesterday.
6. This house was built in 1913.
7. Thisletter was written by him.
8. This letter has never been finished.
9. Were you given a book?
10.I have never been called by my father. I always call him first.
[练习三十八]
1. Playing tennis is fun.
2.I hate swimming.
3. Stop talking about me.
4. In addition to reading interestingbooks, you should also watch TV from time to time.
5.1 am not interested in swimming.
6. He talks about going to
7. I believe in doing exercise everyday.
8. The cost of transferring a studentto another school is very high.
9. Please forgive me for making thismistake.
10. Swimming keeps me from gettingcold.
[练习三十九]
1. Please forgive me for being so late.
2. In addition to studying ,you should also have some exercise everyday.
3. We talked about building a house next year.
4. Thank you for helping me.
5. He is excited about traveling to
6.I am looking forward to meeting you.
7. He insists on talking to me personally.
8.I believe in exercising every day.
9. Did you participate in that swimming match.
10. He was not used to listening to classical music.
11. My mother objected to visiting my aunt tomorrow.
12.I am not accustomed to going to bed so late.
13.Iam interested in swimming.
14. Are you responsible for writing this report?
15. He is excited about seeing me tomorrow.
16. He is looking forward to seeing that movie.
17.I am not used to hearing that kind of noise.
18. You should take advantage of having such a good family.
19. He is in charge of sending students to other schools.
[练习四十]
1. I do not like dancing.
2. Arc you interested in swimming ?
3. Playing basketball is interesting.
4. We talked about teaching English yesterday.
5.I am notused to smoking.
6.I object to crying in public.
7. In addition to swimming, he shouldplay baseball.
8. He is capable of running onekilometer every day.
9. He is in charge of finding a goodplace.
10. I am accustomed to getting upearly.
[练习四十一]
1. I enjoy listening to rock and roll music.
2. 1 asked him to go away.
3. He was asked to leave .
4.I suggest having some fun.
5. He seems to be a kind person.
6. You appear to be (be) quite tired.
7.I told him to have a cup of wine.
8.I invited him to come over.
9. Everyone of you is required to work hard.
10. Do you like swimming
11. I ordered him to read my book.
12.I was expected to write a letter to you.
13. He asked me to read this letter to him.
14. Please keep talking (talk) to me.
15. Stop driving sofast. It is dangerous to drive too fast.
16.1 hate smoking .
17. Passing (pass) the test is important.
18. Working hard is the key to success.
19. My wife asked me to bring some flowers home.
20. He avoided telling lies.
[练习四十二]
1.I invited him to come to my house.
2.I teach him swimming.
3. To be loved makes people happy.
4.I hate smoking.
5. We should avoid smoking.
6. Stop smoking.
7. Everyone expects him to write agood book.
8.I required him to study Englishevery day.
[练习四十三]
1. He lets his son drive his car.
2. He made me feel happy.
3.I made my friend discuss his problemwith me.
4.I had my son get up early everymorning.
5.I helped my father paint his house.
6.I had my brother carry this heavyluggage for me.
7.I had Mary marry me.
8. This song makes everyone cry.
9.I helped
10. He made us believe him.
11.I saw him play.
12.I heard Mary sing several songs.
13.I watched her swim.
14.I saw the birds fly away.
[练习四十四]
1. This is an interesting storybook.
2. The class is very boring.
3. Look at that singing bird.
4. That smiling man is my brother.
5. People living in the country areusually very healthy.
6.I do not know that boy riding abicycle.
7. The kid eating ice cream is my son.
8. The student asking questions ispretty clever.
9. Have you met the boy playingbasketball?
10. That dying patient is my teacher.
[练习四十五]
1.I am interested in music.
2. The movie seen by everyone wasproduced in
3. He came from a broken family.
4. The law of this country has brokendown.
5.I am excited about this news.
6. We should help that depressedstudent.
7. Three people got killed in thistraffic accident.
8. This is a confused student.
9. He is an interesting person.
[练习四十六]
1. He is totally confused .
2.I am interested in seeing that movie.
3. This movie is really exciting.
4. That is a broken promise.
5. He has a broken arm.
6. Their marriage was broken up.
7. Justice is still not a realized dream.
8. lie is a depressed person.
9. The bicycle ridden by the young kid is mine.
10.I do not like to see anyperson injured .
11.I was very much surprised to hear that news.
12. His statements are encouraging.
13. The man talking about Hitler is a professor.
14. The man piloting the airplane is quite young.
15. The company managed by Mr. Lee is getting better and better.
16. Poor John now has a broken heart.
17. Thereare boys and girls dancing in the garden.
18. The stolen jacket has been found.
19. The boy laughing there is not my son.
20. He has a smiling face.
21. This is indeed very exciting .
22. This song, heard by almost everyone, was written by me.
23.I don't like the song written by the Beatles.
24. She is a caring woman.
[练习四十七]
1. We all have the duty to pay taxes.
2. We have the right to remain silent.
3. He has the talent to swim.
4.I have no money left to spend.
5.I have no place to go.
6. He is too tired to drive.
7.I am glad to sec you.
8. He is smart enough to get intocollege.
9. My job is to teach kids English.
10.I was surprised to see you.
11. We have lots of things to talk about.
12. He has no friends to talk to.
[练习四十八]
1.I do not know who you are.
2. Please tell me whether you are anAmerican or not
3.I do not remember whether you drink coffeeor not .
4. Please ask your sister if she wentto
5. Do you know who he is?
6. Where he is from remains a puzzle.
7. wantto find out whether his brother can swim or not. '
8.I know why he is so sad.
9. Do you know when Mary will come?
10. Do you know what happened?
11.I know why the sky is blue.
12. Please tell me where you workedlast year.
13. Do you know what he is talkingabout?
14.I do not understand what hisproblem is.
[练习四十九]
1. Please tell me why he is so sad.
2.I do not know where she is from.
3. Please tell mc how many peoplethere are in this house.
4. Let me know how old you are.
5. Whether he is Japanese or not is amystery.
6. Do you know who the president ofthe
7. May I askyou which kind of coffee you like?
8.i can notremember how old I am.
9. What he is talking about is unclearto me.
10. Do you know why he is coming?
[练习五十]
1.I don't know which book you bought.
2. Do you know where he is from?
3. Please ask him whether he drinks tea or not.
4. What he is thinkingabout is well known to all of us.
5. Let me guess how old you arc.
6. May I ask why you are so sad?
7.I don't know who he is.
8. Do you know whose house this is?
9. This is not what 1 want.
10.I don't care who you are.
[练习五十一]
1. I told you that you must leave.
2.I am glad that you are here now.
3. That he is an American is unknownto us.
4. Can you imagine that he is Chinese?
5. Do you think that he is Chinese?
6. That Hitler was defeated in theSecond World War is an important event in the history of mankind.
7.I do not think that he is a badstudent.
8.I am surprised to know that she isfrom
9. It is hard to imagine that he doesnot have a high school diploma.
10. Do you believe that he isinnocent?
11.I demand that my students workhard.
12. That the sun rises in the east isa fact.
[练习五十二]
1.I do not believe that he is mybrother.
2.I advised him that he should go to
3. Do you believe that the earth isround?
4.I told him that he must read thisbook.
5.I forgot that you are a kid.
6. Can you believe that I can speakEnglish?
7. That he did not show up makes meangry.
8.1 think that he is a good man.
9. Do not forget that there are a lotof poor people in the world.
10.I knowthat he teaches English.
11.I neverknew that he is so smart.
12.I knowthat he can not come over.
13.I hopethat he can come.
14. Can youbelieve that he grew up in
15.I cannotdecide whether he should go to college or not.
16. You told me that he went to
17. This teacher did not know that myfather is also a teacher.
18. I'd like to ask him whether hewill come to my house tomorrow.
19. Do you know whether this traingoes to
20. Please tell me whether you canspeak English or not.
[练习五十三]
1.I saw that kid who was driving fast.
2. We arc discussing those studentswho have problems.
3. Those who swim everyday must bevery strong.
4. The person who took/drove me to theRailway Station is my student.
5. The girl whom you met is my sister.
6.I like the poem which you wrote.
7. The professor whom you were talkingabout is my elder brother.
8. The music that you heard is R &B.
9. I like those books which havepictures in them.
10. I don't know in which city
11.I like the CD that you gave me verymuch.
12. The movie that I saw last nightwas very boring.
[练习五十四]
1.I saw the man whom you talked about.
2. He is not the man whom wemet.
3. Those who cry very often are usually not liked.
4.I like to talk to people who are friendly.
5.I enjoy reading the book which you gave to me.
6. Do you know the person whom everyone knows?
7. Peter is a good singer who practices singing every day.
8. Do you know the Peter whom we talked about?
9. Did you see the person whom I spoke to?
10.I have seen the person whom we talked about.
[练习五十五]
1. He is the man who is very good at English.
2.I don't know the person whom you talked to.
3. This is not the house where the president lives.
4.I do not like anyone who cries frequently.
5. Did you read the book, which you bought last month?
6. Do you know the year when the Second World War ended?
7. Do you know that student whom I taught?
8.I have no idea about the person whom you are talking about.
9. Do you know whom he is talking about?
10. Do youknow whose dress it is?
[练习五十六]
1. He is a good student.
2. He is the student whom every teacher likes.
3.I want to be the president.
4. This is the President.
5. Please open a window.
6. The President of the Republic ofChina will visit the
7.I want to be a good engineer.
8. He is the teacher whom we oftentalk about.
9. Java is a new computer language.10.I have a dog.
11. He is the professor who got a/thebig award.
12. Where is the train station?
13. Please tell me the address of the post office.
14.1s there a post office here?
15. The sun rises in the east.
16. The universe is very large.
17. Why can't we sec the moon in the day time?
18. How old is the President?
[练习五十七]
1. He is the student who went to see you.
2. There is _a_ river in this area.3.I don't want to be a teacher.
4. He wants to become a doctor.
5. No one wants to be a beggar.
6. Please open the door which opens to the hall.
7. UNIX is _a_ computer operatingsystem.
8. WINDOWS is the only operating system invested in byMicrosoft.
9.I have _a dog and two cats.
10. Is she the teacher whom wetalked about yesterday?
11 The earth is not flat.
12. Is there _a hotel around here?
13. Where is the train station.
14.I really like the library.
15. Please give me a glass of water.
16. The wind is getting stronger and stronger.
17. He is a friend of mine.
18. It is hard for the poor to go to college.
19. He is the swimmer who swam across the
20. The weather is gettingcolder and colder.
21. This is the book which I bought yesterday.
22.I don't want to be _a_ professor.
23.I amgoing to take _a_ vacation next month
24. John will become a basketball player.
25.I ride _a_ bicycle to work every morning.
[练习五十八]
1. Me is an English Professor.
2. This is an easy job.
3. He is just an ordinary person.
4. A friend in need is _a_friend indeed.
5. Give me _a_ hint.
6.I have an American friend.
7.I will become an engineer.
8. Is he an honest boy?
9. An hour later, he wentaway.
10. Where is the university library?
11. Is there a university library here?
[练习五十九]
1. Girls are usually good at learninglanguages.
2. Dogs always chase cats.
3.I have not had water for two hours.
4. There is no life without pain.
5. Love is the most important thing inone's life.
6. He has wisdom.
7.I am losing patience.
8. This is not the time to cry.
9. The pain due to losing a loved oneis hard to endure.
10. The joy of being a father isreally great.
11. Being honest is a virtue.
12. We need air to live.
13.I do not drink coffee. I drink tea.
14. We Chinese eat rice every day.
15. The water in this area is veryclean.
16. There was a fire in the nextstreet last night.
17. The fire last night killed threekids.
18. The coffee which you are drinkingis from
19. Mary is from
20.
21. The Republic of
22. Where is
23. Is
24. President Lincoln was a great person.
25. King George was a mad king.
26. The
27. Have you been to the
28. The
29. It is hard to cross the
30. Can you swim across the
31. The
32. The United Nations and the Red Cross often work. together.
33. When did the
34. The
35. The Catholic Church is one of theoldest organizations in the world.
36. This cup was made in the MingDynasty.
37. The European Renaissance was avery important era for the mankind.
38. We should not go back to the Dark Ages.
39. The Wangs did not invite me totheir house.
40. I do not like the Kennedys.
41. The Chinese pay great attention toeducation.
42.I do not like physics.
43. Are you interested in chemistry?
44. Did you have lunch?
45. Let us have dinner together.
46.I always have breakfast with myfamily.
47.I had a big dinner last night.
48. The dinner my mother cooked for mewas delicious.
49.I go to church every Sunday.
50. He does not like to go to school.
51. Did you see the beautiful churchin the next street
52. English is so hard for me.
53. Do you speak English?
54. Do you play tennis?
55. Swimming is good for you.
[练习六十]
1. Boys usually do not like to sitstill for long.
2.I would love to have a. cup of coffee.
3. There is love between us.
4. Can you feel the love of your mother?
5. The joy of having a new baby isreally great.
6. We can not live without love.
7.I have not drunk wine for a longtime.
8. Do you have the wisdom to distinguish bad persons from good ones?
9. This is _a_ good dinner.
10.I did not have dinner.
11. The joy of being a mother is great.
12. Running is _a_ good exercise.
13. The sadness due to the death of his motherreally hurts him.
14. We need water to live.
15. We can not live without air.
16.I do not drink coffee.
17. The fire that occurred last night destroyed my house.
18. The coffee which you aredrinking is very light.
19. The Republic of China isin
20. Where is
21. Is
22. President Kennedy was liked bymost Americans before be died.
23. The
24. Have you ever been to
25. Have you ever been to the
26. There are more than one hundred countries in the United Nations.
27. This is a Ming Dynasty porcelain.
28. The Wangs invited us toa dinner party.
29. 1 do not like mathematics.
30. Spring is a pleasant season.
31.I had a pleasant evening with my friends.
32. The breakfast which 1had this morning was too light for me.
33. It is not easy to study English.
34.I did play basketball yesterday.
35. Swimming is good exercise.
36. There should be a chicken in every pot.
[练习六十一]
1. Dogs can bark.
2. Cats can catch mice.
3. Sometimes, suffering is good.
4. 1 don't drink tea.
5. The feeling of being loved is veryimportant.
6. Speaking the truth makes one happy.
7. We need love.
8. He is a Chinese.
9. The Chinese love drinking tea.
10. Last night, there was a fire inthe city.
11. John is from
12. Where is
13.I like President Lincoln.
14. The
15. The Red Cross is one hundred yearsold.
16. The Ming Dynasty was an importantera.
17. Do you like mathematics?
18.I did not eat breakfast thismorning.
19.I have already had lunch.
20.I did not go to church yesterday.
21.I will go to college this fall.
22. Swimmingmakes me strong.
[练习六十二]
1. smaller
2. slower
3. more intelligent
4. more expensive
5. taller
6. shorter
7. more important
8. cheaper
9. more famous
10. colder
11. faster
12.,more careful
13. more colorful
14. longer
15. darker
16. brighter
[练习六十三]
1. cuter
2. wider
3. earlier
4. happier
5. heavier
6. thinner
7. easier
8. hotter
9. wiser
10. larger
11. better
12. worse
13. more
[练习六十四]
1. He is older than I.
2. She is younger than I.
3. This university is larger than thatuniversity.
4. He is older than my brother.
5. His house is older than mine.
6. The size of this city is largerthan that of
7. She is taller than he.
8. The height of this boy is greaterthan that of his brother.
9. He is the best student in my class.
10. He is the worse one.
[练习六十五]
1. You are stronger than he.
2. His English is better than mine.
3. He isricher than his brother.
4. He is the richest person in theworld.
5. This pen is more expensive thanyours.
6. He is the tallest man on earth.
7. The
8. He is taller than his father.
9. He is the best student in hisclass.
10. Among the persons whom I have met,he is the tallest.
[练习六十六]
1. He is older than John.
2. This problem is one of the most difficult problems that I have ever seen.
3. This is one of the best movies that I have ever seen.
4. Do we have a better choice?
5. This place is hotter than
6. He is more famous than his sister.
7. She is getting worse now.
8. He is feeling better now.
9. He has more money than his father.
10. Mary is one of the most beautiful students in her class.
11. He is happier than before.
12. Peter is getting thinner
13. This summer is hotter than last summer.
14. You have a brighter future now.
15. He has more students than L 16.I feel much better now.
17. He is more careful than you.
18. Time is more important than money.
[练习六十七]
1. Many people like to drink wine.
2. He loves you.
3. He wants to go to school.
4. Do you like swimming?
5.I told him to come back soon.
6.I asked my brother to eat an appleevery day.
7. My school classmates like to gettogether.
8. My government wishes to establish apeaceful society.
9. Tom never works hard.
10. He does not tell the truth.
11.I will not go to the concert.
12.I liked to swim.
13. It is important to go to churchevery Sunday.
14I was with my brother when youcalled.
15. My friends are friendly to me.
16. The governments of
17. His wish to succeed in many thingsis not realistic.
18. My wishto visit many countries is finally fulfilled.
19.I am a person who eats an appleevery day.
20. He is not a good student.
21. Many people are excited by thenews.
22. The future is bright.
23. This was caused by the war.
24. How can we obtain lasting peace?
25. How can we succeed?
26. Good citizens love their country.
27.I never watch TV.
28. He has published many books since1989.
29.I have lived here since I was tenyears old.
30. He was in the university when thewar broke out.
31. Many Jewish people were killedduring the Second World War.
32.I have been a Catholic since 1939.
33. Many people are leaving thatcountry because of the poverty.
34. He was writing a letter when Ivisited him yesterday.
35. He was happy when he was informedof the good news.
36. He has written many novels.
37.I have finally finished the letter.
38. He is not loved by anyone.
39. Wine is manufactured here.
40. His effort is well appreciated.
41.I like playing basketball.
42. We should pay attention to writinggood English sentences.
43. Instead of playing guitar, heplays violin.
44. This is a losing team.
45. He has a smiling face.
46. Why did he cry so loudly?
47. He does not like his brother.
48. He does not speak English.
49. Among all of your students, whomdo you like most?
50. He is loved by everyone.
51. This problem is transformed intoanother problem.
52. This line is connected to thecentral office.
53. The books will be mailed to you.
54. He is the man who stole my car.
55. Peter is the boy who runs veryfast.
56. I did not know that the war brokeout so soon.
57. The boys who study hard willeasily succeed.
58. There arc a lot of people who usecomputers now.
59. I will let you drive my new car.
60. He makes everyone laugh. 61.I heardhim sing.
62. He is making his son go abroad.
63. I will never let him cheat.
64. His mother makes him get up earlyin the morning.
65. He is excited about the news.
66. He isnot interested in sports.
67. This is not interesting to me.
68. His work is well appreciated byall of us.
69.I am disappointed.
70. President Lee will appear soon.
71. It will never happen.
72. He is the most frustrated person.
73. He is living in poverty.
74. There is no possibility of war.
75. Everyone knows who he is.
76. Do you know why he is so happy?
77. It is hard to explain why Johnfailed.
78. He is the cleverest person onearth.
79. Is he getting bigger?
80. This isthe taller building.