练口语，记单词 6级

A

A: What is NY an abbreviation for ?
B: New York.
abbreviation
n.缩写,缩写词

A:You always abide by the law.
B: Yes, I think it is important for national governance
abide
vt. 容忍
abide by
遵守，履行

A:I think my child’s behaviour is abnormal.
B: No, he just has a lot of energy.
abnormal
a.反常的，异常的

A: I think they should abolish all the rules in this school.
B: But then there would be chaos.
abolish
vt. 废止,废除(法律、制度、习俗等)

A:Can you have an abortion in your country?
B: Yes, do you agree with it?
abortion
n. 流产,堕胎

A:Henry abounds with energy.
B: I know I can never keep up with him.
abound
vi. 1. 大量存在
2.（in,with） 充满 ,富于

A: Do you read the newspaper every morning?
B: Yes, I at least try to keep abreast of currentaffairs.
abreast
ad. 并列，并排
keep abreast of
与……齐头并进，了解……的最新情况

A:I heard that you werenearly in an accident.
B: Yes, it was a close call—but the car came to an abrupt stop just in time.
abrupt
a. 1. 突然的,意外的
2.（举止、言谈等）唐突的，鲁莽的

A: Why do you abstainfrom alcohol?
B: I think it is better for my health.
abstain
vi. 1.弃权
2.（from）戒除

A:That was an absurd joke.
B: Maybe, but it was still funny.
absurd
a. 荒谬的，荒唐的

A:There are an abundance of flies outside.
B: I think that is because of the warm weather.
abundance
n. 大量，丰富，充足
in abundance 充足，丰富

A:Mary hangs around withJoe a lot.
B: Yes, I almost mistook her as an accessory.
accessory
n. 1.附件，零件，配件
2.[常pl.]（妇女手提包之类的）装饰品
3.同谋，帮凶，包庇犯

A: He acclaimed that he was fully recovered.
B: And do you think that he actually was?
acclaim
vt. 向……欢呼，为……喝彩
n. 称赞，欢迎

A:How many people willyour hotel accommodate?
B: Fifty, at a push.
accommodate
vt. 1.容纳
2.向……提供住处（或膳宿）
3.使适应，顺应

A: Do you think that Mr. Hand committed thecrime alone?
B: No, he has an accomplice.
accomplice
n. 共犯，从犯

A:Why were you late forwork?
B: I don’thave to tell you, I’m only accountable to my boss.
accountable
a. 负有责任的

A:That was an ace tennis match.
B: Yeah, it was fantastic.
ace
n. 1.（纸牌等中的）幺点，“A”牌
2.（网球等比赛中）发球得分
3.（在某方面的）佼佼者
a. 第一流的，杰出的

A: Do you play the acoustic guitar?
B: Usually I play the electric.
acoustic
a. 1.听觉的，声音的
2.（乐器）原声的

A: Have you acquainted yourself with the material yet?
B: No, I still have to read the book.
acquaint
vt. （with）使认识，使了解，使熟悉

A: Has the case come to a close?
B: Yes, the suspect was acquitted becausethere was not enough evidence.
acquit
vt. 1.宣判……无罪
2.（oneself）使（自己）作出某种表现

A: If you press that red button you will activate the bomb.
B:I’llbe sure not to press it then.
activate
vt. 使活动起来，使开始起作用

A: What do you want to be when you growup?
B: A feminist activist , working for female rights
activist
n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家

A: Do youdrink tea?
B: Yes, but I am addicted to coffee.
addict
n. 1.有瘾的人；2.入迷的人
vt. 使成瘾，使入迷

A: I watchtoo much television.
B: Me too, it is addictive
addictive
a. 使人入迷的，使人上瘾的

A: Are yougoing to wear those old shoes to the wedding?
B: Yeah, I hate adhering to formalities.
adhere
vi. （to）1.黏附，附着；2.遵守，坚持；3.追随，支持

A: Yourposter has fallen down from the wall.
B: I ran out of adhesive and forgot buy some more.
adhesive
n. 黏合剂
a. 可黏着的，粘性的

A: Where doyou live?
B: Adjacent to the hospital, and near the school.
adjacent
a. (to)邻近的，毗连的

A: I alwayssee Mary and Bill together.
B: I do too, it is like as if they were adjoined at the hip.
adjoin
vt. 贴近，与…毗连

A: Thepharmacy down the road is closed.
B: Yes, it lost its license to administer over thecounter drugs.
administer
vt. 1.掌管，料理…的事务；2.施行，实施；3.给予，派给，投（药）

A: I am reading a book about a sailing voyage set in 1900.
B: Is that the one where the admiral gets thrownoverboard?
admiral
n. 海军将领，舰队司令

A: He lookstoo young to be at university.
B: I thought he was just an adolescent
adolescent
n. 青少年
a. 青春期的，青少年的

A: I simply adore the band U2.
B: They are good , but I prefer The Cranberries.
adore
vt. 1.崇拜，致敬，爱慕；2.非常喜欢

A: Did youenjoy the wedding?
B: It was beautiful, the bride was adorned with rose inher hair.
adorn
vt. 装饰，使生色

A: I can notwait until advent is over.
B: Likewise, then I can open all of my Christmas presents.
advent
n. 出现，到来

A: Peter andMary are always fighting.
B: I didn’tknow that they had an adversary relationship.
adversary
n. 对手，敌手

A: Did yousee the thunder and lightening last night?
B: No, but the weather has been unusually adverse resently.
adverse
a. 不利的，有害的

A: By the way, I broke the radio aerial last night.
B: I was wondering why the reception was so bad.
aerial
a. 1.飞机的，航空的，由飞机进行的；2.空中俯瞰的，架空的
n. 天线

A: Do you like Monet’s work?
B: No, I prefer Degas, He appeals more to my aesthetic sense.
aesthetic
见 esthetic

A: I am goingon a study exchange to France next year.
B: Oh, that’sright, your university is affiliated to one inParis.
affiliate
vt. 使隶属（或附属）于
n. 附属机构，分公司

A: Simon affirmed that he was in good health.
B: Good , so he will be fit for work tomorrow.
affirm
vt.1.断言，坚持声称；2.证实，确认

A: I couldnever afflict harm upon another creature.
B: Does that mean that you are also a vegetarian?
afflict
vt. 使苦恼，折磨

A: You live in a very affluent area of the city.
B: I am lucky, but I am not weathy.
affluent
a. 富裕的，富足的

A: I lovebeing in thunderstorms.
B: I must say that I prefer the aftermath.
aftermath
n. 后果，余波

A: My littlesister aggravate my daily!
B: But aren’tyou glad that you have a little sister?
aggravate
vt. 1.加重；2.激怒，使恼火

A: Life is ofaggregate all past experience.
B: Indeed, so I better try to gain as much experience as possible.
aggregate
n. 总数，合计
a. 总计的，合计
vt. 1.总计达，合计；2.使聚集，使积聚
in the aggregate 总共，作为总体

A: Stop agitate your brother!
B: He is the one that started it .
agitate
vi. （for,against）煽动，鼓动
vt. 1.搅动，摇动；2.使焦虑不安

A: Try tocalm down. The wound is not serious.
B: But I am in agony
agony
n. （极度的）痛苦，创痛

A: Do youlike your new neighbours?
B: Yes, I find them very agreeable
agreeable
a. 1.令人愉快的，惬意的；2.（欣然）同意的，乐意的

A: Mygrandmother lives alone.
B: Oh, mine now has an aide to help her in thehome.
aide
n. 助手，副官

A: You arenot looking well today.
B: Unfortunately, I always have some sort of ailment in the winter.
ailment
n. 小病，疾病

A: This roomis far too warm.
B: Turn on the air-conditioning then.
air-conditioning
n. 空调设备，空调系统

A: I trippedup walking down the aisle in church lastSunday.
B: That is because you never tie your laces property.
aisle
n. 过道，通道

A: Did youtake a lot of photos on your holidays?
B: Yeah, two album full.
album
n. 粘贴簿，集邮簿，像册

A: I’m not too fond of alcoholic drinks.
B: Well I usually drink Coke as well.
alcoholic
a. 1.酒精的，含酒精的；2.由酒精引起的
n. 酗酒者

A: I wouldlove to visit South America.
B: So would I , but at the moment it seems almost alien tome.
alien
a. 1.外国的，外国人的；2.陌生的；3.性质不同的，不相容的
n. 1.外国人，外侨；2.外星人

A: The newgirl in our class seems to be alienated from us.
B: I will invite her to join us at lunch, maybe that will help.
alienate
vt. 1.使疏远，使不友好，离间；2.转让，让渡（财产等）

A: He alleged that he was burgled during the night.
B: I do not believe him, he is always telling lies.
allege
vt. 断言，宣称，硬说

A: Here issome cream to alleviate your pain.
B: Thanks, I will use it straight away.
alleviate
vt. 减轻，缓解，缓和

A: Where didyou lose your purse?
B: In the alley beside my house.
alley
n. 小巷，胡同

A: I havebeen allotted only two shelves for all my belongings inthe dor.
B: I am sure that you can ask for more space if you need it.
allot
vt. 分配，拨出

A: Is yourring made of pure silver?
B: No, I think that it is just an alloy .
alloy
n. 合金
vt. 将……铸成合金

A: Mr. Jonesoften alludes to his wealth.
B: yes, but actually I don’t think he is wealthy compared to Mrs. Devan.
allude
vi. （to）暗指，提及

A: Why did you come to Beijing?
B: I was allured by the bright lights of the city.
allure
n. 诱惑力，魅力
vt. 诱惑，引诱，吸引

A: I heard analmighty amount of noise outside last night.
B: Sorry, that was my dog chasing my neighbour’s cat.
almighty
a.1.全能的，万能的；2.很大的，很强的

A: How oftenwill you be able to work?
B: Only on alternate days I am afraid.
alternate
a.1.交替的，轮流的；供选择的；2.间隔的
v. （使）轮流，（使）交替

A: I amassed a lot of lecture notes during my undergraduate degree.
B: I hope that you amassed them in yourhead also!
amass
vt. 积累，积聚

A: Did youenjoy the end of the novel?
B: No, it was too ambiguous for me.
ambiguous
a. 引起歧义的，模棱两可的，含糊不清的

A: You workvery hard.
B: Maybe, but I ma ambitious and want todo well in my career.
ambitious
a.1.有抱负的，雄心勃勃的；2.有野心的

A: Your essayis good. But I think that you need to amendthe conclusion.
B: Oh, I thought the ending was the best part.
amend
vt. 修改，修订，改进
n.[pl.]赔罪，赔偿

A: Do yourparents get along well?
B: Yes, they at least have an amicablerelationship.
amiable
a. 和蔼可亲的，友好的

A: The armyin my county is under-funded.
B: I think that it is a good thing that it can not afford more ammunition though.
ammunition
n. 弹药，军火

A: Is thereenough space in the back of the car?
B: Yes, ample.
ample
a.1.足够的；2.宽敞的，面积大的

A: I can nothear the lecturer.
B: He needs to amplify his voice more.
amplify
vt.1.放大（声音等），增强；2.扩大，详述，进一步阐述

A: My teacherused the analogy of an acorn and oak tree to explain thepotential of the school.
B: He must think you all have a lot of potential then.
analogy
n. 比拟，类比，类推
by analogy
用类推的方法

A: That guyis crazy.
B: Maybe he needs to see an analyst.
analyst
n.1.分析家，化验员；2.心理分析学家

A: You have avery analytic mind.
B: I think that is why I enjoy mathematics.
analytic
见analytical

A: Do youever read the Financial Times?
B: No, it is far too analytical for me.
analytical
a. 分析的，分析法的

A: My twoyear old son is very destructive.
B: Maybe he wants to be a political anarchist when he grows up!
anarchist
n. 无政府主义者

A: I wouldlike to research my ancestry some day.
B: Do you even know the origin of your family name yet?
ancestry
n. 祖先，世系

A: I lovePhilip’sstories.
B: Yes, particularly his anecdotes.
anecdote
n. 轶事，趣闻

A: Do youlike Micheangelo’spaintings?
B: Very much, particularly his depictions of angels.
angel
n.1.天使；2.可爱的人

A: Myclassmate had to go to hospital just before the exams.
B: Probably too much anguish and stress.
anguish
n. （精神或肉体的）极度痛苦

A: Did youknow that Germany annexed part of Czechoslovakia during the war?
B: Yeah, I read about it in my history book.
annex
vt. 兼并，吞并
n. 附属建筑物

A: Do you know who wrote this poem?
B: No, it is anonymous, the poet did not disclose his name.
anonymous
a. 1.无名的，不具名的；2.匿名的 ；3.无特色的，无个特征的

A: The filmwas about an antagonism between two countries.
B: Sounds too violent for my liking.
antagonism
n.对抗，敌对，对立

A: Is thatinsect dangerous?
B: Only if you touch it’s antenna.
antenna
n.1.触角，触须 ；2.天线

A: Mygrandfather went missing in South America while conducting a research project.
B: Was he an anthropologist or a scientist?
anthropologist
n.人类学家，人类学者

A: Do youknow the antonym of “fast”?
B: Yes, “slow”. It was the opposite meaning of “fast”.
antonym
n.反义词

A: Would youlike to come to the zoo with me ?
B: So long as we can visit the ape compound.
ape
n.猿
vt.模仿

A: I was appalled by the state of the living conditions of the poorerpeople in the region.
B: Yes, but the government is doing their best to help the situation.
appall
vt.使惊骇，使大吃一惊

A: Can youhelp me with my science experiment?
B: So long as you have the necessary apparatus and it is not dangerous.
apparatus
n.1.器械，器具，仪器 ；2.机构，组织

A: Did youenjoy the meal?
B: Yes, thanks. And it certainly appeased my hunger.
appease
vt.平息，抚慰姑息

A: I can’t find the information that you quoted.
B: Look in Appendix Four, page 231.
appendix
n.1.阑尾 ；2.附录

A: I thinkthe performance was fantastic.
B: The audience seemed to agreed, they applauded for five minutes.
applaud
vi.鼓掌，喝彩
vt.1.向...鼓掌，向...喝彩 ；2.称赞，赞许

A: Ajournalist for the national paper wrote a warm appraisal for the new play.
B: I must book a ticket soon then, before they are all sold out.
appraisal
n.估计，估量，评价

A: Did they apprehend the criminal yet?
B: No, I think that the police are still looking for him.
apprehend
vt.逮捕，拘押，领会，理解

A: What isyour current occupation?
B: I am an apprentice electrician but I will be qualified intwo months.
apprentice
n.学徒，徒弟

A: Your shirtis filthy.
B: Oops, I was cooking but did not have an apron.
apron
n.1.围裙　；2.台口(舞台幕前的突出部分) ；3.停机坪

A: Yourcomment about inefficient train service was most apt.I have been waiting in this platform for half an hour.
B: Oh, not quite. Here comes the train now.
apt
a.1.易于，有(做某事的)倾向 ；2.恰当的，适宜的 ；3.聪明的，反应敏捷的

A: Did youget into the university course that you applied for?
B: Well, I have to pass an aptitude test first,and then if I am successful I will be admitted.
aptitude
n.(学习方面的)才能，资质，天资

A: That is abeautiful bridge.
B: Yes, it’sin the shape of an arc.
arc
n.1. 弧形(物) ；2.弧 ；3.电弧，弧光

A: The newtown hall is now completed.
B: Yes, I saw it , and the front arches look reallybeautiful.
arch
n.拱，拱门，拱形(结构)
v.(使)成拱形
a.调皮的，淘气的

A: I am veryinterested in buried ruins and treasures.
B: You should study archaeology.
archaeology
n.考古学

A: It is my ardent wishto travel around the world.
B: You better start saving your money now.
ardent
a.热心的，热情的，热烈的

A: Theconcert will take place in the main arena .
B: Wow, it will be huge. I know it can hold 30,000 people.
arena
n.1.表演场地，竞技场 ；2.活动场所

A: Mr. Smithwas an aristocrat and owned a large piece of land in thesouth of the country.
B: Does that mean that he was also very wealthy?
aristocrat
n.贵族

A: I dreamtlast night that a knight in shining armor rescuedme from a burning tower.
B: Let me guess the ending, you woke up before you had a chance to fall inlove!
armor
n.盔甲，装甲，保护物

A: The newshopping centre has a vast array of interestingproducts.
B: Yes, but they are far too expensive.
array
n.1.展示，陈列，一系列 ；2.排列，队形 ；3.衣服，盛装 ；4.数组，阵列
vt.1.排列，配置(兵力) ；2.打扮，装饰

A: Why didyou break up with your first boyfriend?
B: He was too arrogant and never listen to me.
arrogant
a.傲慢的，自大的

A: I heardthat Ted was arrested for arson .
B: Yeah, he set the local school on fire.
arson
n.纵火(罪)

A: Don’t eat so many fatty foods, they will blockyour arteries .
B: But they are the foods that I like the best.
artery
n.1.动脉 ；2.干线，要道

A: I findPaul difficult to understand.
B: That is because he does not articulate his wordsvery clearly.
articulate
a.1.善于表达的，发音清晰的 ；2.表达得清楚有力的
vt.1.明确有力地表达；2.清晰地吐(字)，清晰地发(音)

A: The armyhas amassed a huge amount of artillery .
B: Let’shope they don’thave to use it.
artillery
n.1.火炮，大炮 ；2.炮兵(部队)

A: Do youthink that we ascend into heaven when we die?
B: I am not sure. I am still undecided.
ascend
vi.渐渐上升，升高
vt.攀登，登上

A: I couldn’t ascertain whether he was joking or serious.
B: Don’tworry, he has a strange sense of humor.
ascertain
vt.查明，弄清，确定

A: Yourfather ascribed beauty and intelligence to you.
B: Thanks for the compliment.
ascribe
vt.1.(to)把...归因于；2.把...归属于

A: The man’s body came ashore fivedays after he went missing from the ship.
B: Oh, how terrible, that must have been the one that was found on the beachyesterday.
ashore
ad.在岸上，上岸

A: It is my aspiration to become a doctor.
B: Well, if you stick to your goals I am sure you can do it.
aspiration
n.强烈的愿望，志向，抱负

A: I do notthink I have achieved enough yet.
B: Well, if you always aspire to do yourbest then you will not be unhappy.
aspire
vi.渴望，追求，有志于

A: Is that adonkey or an ass ?
B: Neither, it is a small horse.
ass
n.1.笨蛋，傻瓜;2.驴

A: Did youhear that there was an attempted assassination onthe president?
B: Yes, but it was not true, somebody was spreading rumours.
assassination
n.刺杀，暗杀

A: We werewarned about the risk of assault in the city.
B: Good, it is always better to be aware of the dangers.
assault
vt.(武力或口头上的)攻击，袭击

A: He asserted his points strongly during the debate.
B: Why didn’the win it then?
assert
vt.1.肯定地说，断言2.维护，坚持
A: I think that guy is too rude.
B: Really, I think he is just trying to assert himself .
assert oneself
坚持自己的权利，显示自己的权威

A: I think that the new student has assimilated well into his new environment.
B: Perhaps, but he does not seem to have many friends.
assimilate
vt. 1.吸收，消化；2.使同化
vi. 1.被吸收，被消化；2.被同化

A: I gaveLinda an assorted box of sweets for her birthday.
B: Did you not know that chocolates were her favourite?
assorted
a. 1.各种各样的，混杂的，什锦的

A: I receivedassurances that I would get help.
B: And did they come through?
assurance
n. 1.把握，信心；2.保证，表示保证（或鼓励、安慰）的话；3.（人寿）保险

A: I am notable to run fast because I suffer from asthma .
B: Don’tworry, I can’trun fast either because I am unfit!
asthma
n. 气喘，哮喘

A: It is mydream to be an astronaut one day.
B: I too would love to see the earth from space.
astronaut
n. 宇航员

A: I am goingto visit the new astronomy research centre in town tonight, would youlike to join me?
B: I’dlove too, is there a good telescope to view the stars with?
astronomy
n. 天文学

A: They areclosing down the local asylum .
B: It is about time, the care facilities there were terrible.
asylum
n. 1.庇护，政治避难；2.精神病院

A: Do youhave an atlas ? I want to check where and in which oceanthe Tongan Islands are.
B: No, I don’thave one, but I think that they are in the Pacific.
atlas
n. 地图集

A: Is attendance at the lecture absolutely necessary?
B: Well, if you want to get credit for this course it is.
attendance
n. 1.出席人数；2.出席，参加，出席次数；3.护理，照料

A: I lost mywallet at the cinema yesterday.
B: Did you ask the attendant on duty if itwas found?
attendant
n. 服务人员，侍者，随从
a. 伴随的，随之而产生的

A: The box ofold photos that you are looking for is in the attic .
B: On the right or left hand side?
attic
n. 阁楼

A: The auction will be held at 3pm on Saturday.
B: Good, I’dlike to set a starting price of one hundred dollars for my table.
auction
n./vt. 拍卖

A: Eventhough I’mnot registered in this department, will it be alright if I audit your classes?
B: It is fine with me, but it is best to check with the department first.
audit
vt. 审计，检查（帐目）

A: Are allthe accounts from your business in order?
B: No, the auditor still needs to check them.
auditor
n. 审计员，稽核员

A: Where willthe classical concert be held?
B: In the main auditorium
auditorium
n. 1.观众席，听众席；2.礼堂，会堂

A: He issuffering from an auditory infection.
B: I hope he recovers soon.
auditory
a. 听觉的，听觉器官的

A: My salarywill be augmented with the aid of extra hours.
B: Great, but don’twork too hard.
augment
vt. 扩大，增加，提高

A: I attendeda memorial service last night.
B: It must have a very austere occasion.
austere
a. 1.朴素的，无装饰的；2.严峻的，一丝不苟的；3.十分简朴的，苦行的

A: Are youjeans authentic ?
B: No, they are just cheap copies of the original brand.
authentic
a. 1.真的，真正的；2.可靠的，可信的

A: John has such an authoritative voice. It is frightening.
B: I find him scary at times also.
authoritative
a. 1.权威性的，可信的；2.专断的，命令式的

A: Stop! You are not authorized to enter this section of the building.
B: Oh, I’msorry, I didn’trealize that I needed special permission.
authorize
vt. 授权，批准

A: What areyou reading?
B: Nelson Mandela’sautobiography , I highly recommend it.
autobiography
n. 自传

A: Is thatdog over there real?
B: No, I think that it is just an automation
automation
n. 自动化（技术），自动操作

A: I ammoving to an autonomous region of the country.
B: Gosh, that will be an interesting experience.
autonomous
a. 1.自治的；2.独立自主的

A: You arevery independent.
B: My autonomy is protected by the law.
autonomy
n. 1.自治，自治权；2.人身自由，自主权

A: Where youable to get through to the ticket office when you telephoned?
B: I tried several times, but to no avail.
avail
n. [一般用于否定句或疑问句中] 效用，利益，帮助

A: What wasthe film about?
B: A guy trying to avenge the killingof his brother. It was quite violent.
avenge
vt. 1.为…复仇，报…之仇；2.(on)向…报仇

A: Let’s turn left down the next road.
B: Good idea, that way we can avert the traffic jam.
avert
vt. 1.防止，避免；2.转移（目光、注意力等）

A: I heardthat the national aviation company owes a lot of money to the government.
B: Well, it must be because of the price of new planes.
aviation
n. 1.航空，航空学；2.飞机制造业

A: I wasfilled with awe when I watched the sun rise this morning.
B: It is a shame that I missed it, I was still in bed.
awe
n. 敬畏，惊惧
vt. 使敬畏，使惊惧
be / stand in awe of 敬畏

A: At whatspeed does the earth spin on its axis ?
B: I am not quite sure, you should check in your textbook.
axis
n. 1.轴，轴线，中心线；2.坐标轴，基准线

B
A: My brother got married last year.
B: That surprises me, I thought that he would remain a bachelor for the rest of his life.
bachelor
n. 1.单身男士，单身汉; 2.学士,学士学位

A: That is anice badge that you are wearing.
B: Thanks, I bought it at the market this morning.
badge
n. 1.徽章，证章； 2.标记，标志; 3.象征

A: Would youlike have a game of badminton with me thisevening?
B: Sorry, but I only play football.
badminton
n. 羽毛球运动

A: Did youenjoy the film?
B: Yeah, but I was baffled by the plot.
baffle
vt. 使困惑，难住

A: Was thecriminal released from jail?
B: Yes, but only on bail.
bail
n. 1.保释金； 2.准许保释
vt. 1.(out) 保释，帮助脱离困境;2.用桶(从船里)舀水

A: I caughtfour fish, big ones.
B: You must have been using good bait.
bait
n. 1.(钓鱼等用的)饵,诱饵; 诱惑物，引诱物
vt.1.装饵于,故意激怒

A: that manlooks very young to be going bald.
B: Yeah, he looks no more than twenty five.
bald
a. 1.秃头的，秃的; 2.(织物,轮胎等)磨光的; 3.明显的，不加掩饰的

A: Have youever been to the ballet?
B: Yes, but I always prefer the theatre.
ballet
n. 1.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧; 2.芭蕾舞用

A: The votingfor the president was done by the secret ballot.
B: It must have been very fair then.
ballot
n. 1.投票表决(或选举); 2.选票; 3.投票总数
v. (使)投票表决

A: This mealis delicious, is there a secret ingredient?
B: Not really, except I used lots of bamboo shoots.
bamboo
n. 竹,竹子

A: Help! I ambleeding.
B: Here, use my scarf as a bandage.

A: I was notable to bandage your wound properly.
B: It is alright, so long as the bleeding has stopped.
bandage
n. 绷带
vt. 用绷带绑扎

A: This filmis stupid.
B: Really, you usually one the ones about banditsand cowboys.
bandit
n. 强盗，土匪，歹徒

A: I can’t banishmy girlfriend from my dreams.
B: It must be love then.
banish
vt. 1.放逐，驱逐;2.消除，排除

A: Myuniversity is putting on an huge banquet for mygraduation.
B: Sounds wonderful, can I come?
banquet
n. 宴会，盛宴

A: Theweather is wonderful, let’s have a barbecue.
B: You go ahead, I have already had my dinner.
barbecue
n. 1.金属烧烤; 2.烧烤野餐
vt. 在烤架上烧烤

A: That is avery long boat in the canal.
B: It is one of the largest barges in the country.
barge
n. 驳船
vi. (卤莽而笨拙地)猛撞,冲，闯
barge in 闯入,干预

A: This teatastes strange.
B: That is because it is made out of barley.
barley
n. 大麦

A: The barometer indicates that it is going to be raining tomorrow.
B: Oh, I never trust that old thing.
barometer
n. 气压计,晴雨表

A: The barracks were burned down during the fighting.
B: Was anyone injured?
barrack
v. 起哄，喝倒彩
n. [pl.] 兵营，营房

A: Thesefields are so barren I am amazed that even grass can grow onthem.
B: It can just about, but it has difficulty.
barren
a. 1.(土地等)贫瘠的，荒芜的; 2.不结果实的，不(生)育的; 3.无益的，没有结果的

A: My littlebrother has barricaded himself into his bedroom and refused tocome out.
B: Don’tworry, when he gets hungry he will come out.

A: The oldtown walls were initially built as barricades to keep theenemy out.
B: It is a shame that they have been so badly damaged!
barricade
n. 路障，栅栏，障碍
vt. 设路障于,挡住

A: Do you have a basement in your house?
B: Yes, but we only use it for storage.
basement
n. 地下室

A: This musicis terrible.
B: I think that it is just because the bassis too loud.
bass
n. 1.男低音,低声部,低音乐器; 2.鲈鱼

A: I onceread a book about an unwanted bastard child thatwas left to grow up alone in a forest.
B: I think that I may have read that one also.
bastard
n. 1.坏蛋，混蛋; 2.私生子

A: There is awonderful smell coming from the kitchen.
B: I am glad that you like it, I have just made a batchof biscuits.
batch
n. 1.一批,一组,一群; 2.一批生产量

A: The womanwas horribly battered by her husband.
B: How awful, I hope that she left him

A: Do youlike pancakes?
B: No, and nothing else that is made out of batter.
batter
v. 连续猛击
n. (用鸡蛋,牛奶等调制的)面糊

A: Where didyou buy your necklace?
B: Oh, I just bought the beads and made it myself.
bead
n. 1.小珠子; 2.(水,血,汗的)小滴

A: I beckoned him to come, but he refused to move.
B: Perhaps you were not polite enough.
beckon
v. 示意,召唤

A: Watch out,there is a beetle crawling under your leg.
B: Ah, I hate insects.
beetle
n. 甲虫

A: You shouldhave telephoned me beforehand when you knewyou were going to be late.
B: I am sorry, but my mobile phone is broken.
beforehand
ad. 预先，事先

A: There isno need to bellow orders at me.
B: Sorry, but I did not think that you would hear me unless I shouted.

A: The fireis going out. What should I do?
B: Use the bellows to blow air onto it.
bellow
vi. 1.咆哮，怒吼; 2.(公牛般地)吼叫
vt. 大声发出,大声喝道
n. 1.喊声，咆哮;2.[~ s]风箱

A: I have apain in my belly.
B: Well, you should have bad breakfast.
belly
n. 肚子,腹部

A: Thank youfor the beautiful present, you are far too benevolent.
B: You are most welcome. Kindness is not a complaint.
benevolent
a. 仁慈的，善意的,慈善的

A: The testresults have come back and the lump was benign.
B: Thanks, Doctor. I was so worried.
benign
a. 1.善良的，慈祥的； 2.(肿瘤等)良性的,无危险的

A: I read inthe newspaper that the city was besieged byunexpected attack.
B: Oh, I never trust the newspapers.
besiege
vt. 1.围攻，围困; 2.围住，拥在…周围

A: I bestow this gift upon you as a sign of my gratitude and thanks.
B: You are too generous.
bestow
vt. 赠与,授予

A: Why areyou looking so upset?
B: My girlfriend has just betrayed me.
betray
vt.1.背叛，出卖; 2.失信于,辜负; 3.泄露(秘密等); 4.(非故意地)暴露，显露

A: Would youlike a hot beverage, Richard?
B: No thanks, Peter. I just had a coffee.
beverage
n. 饮料

A: I wasbitten on the leg as I walked through the gate.
B: Did you not read the sign, “Bewareof the Dog”?
beware
v. 谨防，当心

A: Every timeI look at the night sky I am bewildered by thestars.
B: Me too, they are fascinating.
bewilder
vt. 使迷惑，使难住

A: It isdifficult to write this article without being biased.
B: Well, make sure you look at the issue from both sides before you start.
bias
n. 偏见，偏心，偏袒
vt. 使有偏见

A: Nowstudents, make sure you include a complete bibliography at the end of your work.
B: But that takes so much time.
bibliography
n. 1.参考书目; 2.(有关某一专题的)书目

A: Did you hearabout the new bilateral agreement between Russia and France?
B: No, not yet, I have not listened to the news today.
bilateral
a. 双边的，双方的

A: Did anyonecall the fire brigade when the fire was detected?
B: yes, but when they arrived it was too late, the smoke was already billowing out of the windows.
billow
n. 巨浪,如波涛滚滚向前之物(如浓烟,浓雾等)
vi. 翻腾，汹涌

A: Please don’t throw your rubbish on the ground, thereis a bin beside the door.
B: Oh, sorry, I did not see it.
bin
n. 1.垃圾箱; 2.大贮藏箱

A: Oh, I wishI had brought my binoculars to the concert.
B: Yeah, the performers look so small from the back row.
binoculars
n. 双筒望远镜

A: You havehad such an interesting life, I would love to read your biography some day.
B: Oh, really. I hadn’t planned on writing one.
biography
n. 传记

A: Last nightwas bizarre, it snowed when it should have been dry.
B: Well, it is difficult to predict the weather.
bizarre
a. 奇形怪状的，怪诞的

A: Why didyou steal the money?
B: I was blackmailed into it.
blackmail
vt./n. 敲诈，勒索，要挟

A: Mygrandfather used to work with horses.
B: Was he a blacksmith?
blacksmith
n. 铁匠,锻工

A: Is there atoilet in this building? My bladder is about toburst.
B: Just down the hallway, on the right.
bladder
n 1.膀胱; 2.囊状物.

A: The food that I cook is usually very bland.
B: No, I think it is quite spicy actually.
bland
a. 1.温和的, 无动于衷的; 2.(食物)清淡的，枯燥乏味的

A: Theconcert was incredible, the lead singer nearly blazedthe house down with his energy.
B: Gosh, it sounds almost dangerous.
blaze
vi. 1.熊熊燃烧，着火; 2.发(强)光，放光彩; 3.迸发，爆发
n. 1.火焰,烈火; 2.光辉，强烈(或眩目)的光; 3.迸发,爆发; 4.灿烂，炫耀
blaze a trail 开拓道路，作先导

A: Have youcleaned the bath yet?
B: No, sorry. I ran out of bleach.
bleach
n. 漂白剂
v. (使)变白,漂白

A: Winter ismy favourite season.
B: Oh, winters are too bleak for me, I preferautumn.
bleak
a. 1.没有希望的，凄凉的; 2.荒凉的; 3.寒冷刺骨的

A: Mygrandmother used to bless herself every timeshe passes a church.
B: She must have been very religious.
bless
vt. 1.(with) 使有幸得到，使具有; 2.为…祈神赐福(或保佑)

A: Did youhave a good crop of potatoes this year?
B: Unfortunately not, they were hit by blight.
blight
n. 1.(植物等)枯萎病; 2.造成破坏(或损坏)的因素
vt. 破坏，摧残

A: I blinked and missed the town. It was so small.
B: Drive more slowly then!

A: With each blink I get older.
B: Well, I am sorry, but I can not do anything to stop time passing.
blink
vi. 1.眨眼睛； 2.闪亮,闪烁
n. 眨眼睛，一瞬间
on the blink (机器等)坏了，出故障

A: Didanybody witness the accident?
B: Yes, a blonde was walking down the street.
blonde
a. 金发的
n. 金发女子

A: Zoe blossomed into a world class pianist.
B: She must have practiced very hard.
blossom
n. (尤指果树的)花
vi. 1.(植物)开花; 2.(out, into)发展，长成
in (full) blossom 正开着花

A: I thinkthis artist is very talented.
B: I don’t. I think he just blots the paper with colour.
blot
vt. 1.(用墨水等)弄脏; 2.(用吸墨纸)吸干
n. 污点，污渍
blot out 1.把…弄模糊，遮蔽; 2.完全清除(思想，记忆)

A: We shallsee the blueprints to start working on the building inSeptember.
B: OK, I shall get to work straight away.
blueprint
n. 蓝图，行动计划

A: Did Jamestell you what happened yesterday?
B: Yes, but I am not sure if it was a lie of a bluff.
bluff
v. 虚张声势,吓唬
n. 1.虚张声势；2.悬崖，峭壁
a. 直率的，坦率的，粗率的
call sb. bluff 要求某人摊牌，向某人挑战

A: Oops, I’ve made a blunder.
B: Don’tworry, we can fix it.
blunder
n. (因无知,粗心等造成的)错误
vi. 1.跌跌撞撞地走，慌乱地走;2.犯错误

A: Do you notknow how to cut bread?
B: Of course I do, but this knife is blunt.
blunt
a. 1.钝的; 2.率直的，直言不讳的
vt. 1.使迟钝，使减弱;2.使钝

A: Do youremember your first birthday?
B: No, it is all a blur.

A: He blurred the corners of the picture to make it look old.
B: He did a good job of it.
blur
n. 模糊，模糊的东西
v. (使)变模糊

A: Brian blurted out the answer before I even had a chance to think aboutit.
B: Yes, he is very smart.
blurt
vt. (out) 脱口而出

A: You arevery beautiful.
B: Stop, you are making me blush.
blush
vi./n. 脸红

A: Are thereany bogs in your country?
B: Yes, plenty, particularly in the west, where it is very wet.

A: Would youlike to come to the cinema with me tonight?
B: Can we go next week, I’m bogged down at work at the moment.
bog
n. 沼泽
v. (down) 1.(使)陷入困境; 2.(使)陷入泥沼

A: Familyties are the strongest form of bondage.
B: I don’tagree, I am not very close to my parents.
bondage
n. 1.奴役；2.束缚

A: You haveworked so hard. We have decided to give you a bonus.
B: Gosh, thanks!
bonus
n. 1.奖金，红利; 2.额外给予的东西

A: What typeof work does your company do?
B: This booklet contains all the details that you willneed.
booklet
n. 小册子

A: The ticketswill be on sale at the booth on the right.
B: Great, I’llbe there when it opens at 8.
booth
n. 1.(隔开的)小房间,公用电话亭, 岗亭; 2.售货棚,货摊

A: Is there alibrary in your town?
B: No, I have to travel to the next borough.
borough
n. 自治城镇，(大城市的)行政区

A: I like tohold my baby to my bosom.
B: It must be a very comfortable feeling.
bosom
n. 1.胸部，乳房； 2.胸怀，内心

A: There wasso much food at dinner last night.
B: Yes, what a bounty!
bounty
n.1.(由政府提供的)奖金，赏金; 2.慷慨，大方

A: Thoseflower are beautiful, who gave you the bouquet?
B: My mother, they were a birthday gift.
bouquet
n. 1.花束; 2.(酒的)芳香

A: Where doyou live?
B: On the north side of the town, where the bourgeois tend to live.
bourgeois
a. 1.追求物质享受的；2.中产阶级的；3.资产阶级的
n. 1.追求物质享受的人;2.中产阶级分子；3.资产阶级分子

A: You arenot looking very well at the moment.
B: Yeah, I had a nasty bout of food poisoninglast week.
bout
n. 1.(疾病等的)侵袭，发作; 2.一次,一阵，一回; 3.拳击(或摔交)比赛

A: Doctor, Ihave been having some bowel problems lately.
B: Well, sit down and I will see what I can do.
bowel
n. 1.肠; 2.[pl.]内部，深处

A: I enjoy bowling and usually play on Sunday afternoon.
B: I’dlove to join you next week.
bowling
n. 保龄球运动

A: Thestudents set up a boycott outside the school gates.
B: Why? What was the problem?
boycott
vt./n. (联合)抵制,拒绝参与

A: I broke myleg and had to wear a brace for two months.
B: That must have been very painful.
brace
vt. 1.使防备，使受锻炼; 2.支住，撑牢; 3.使绷紧
n. 支架,托架

A: That is abeautiful bracelet that you are wearing.
B: Thanks, it was my grandmother’s.
bracelet
n. 手镯，臂镯

A: Excuse me,sir, but should this sentence be put in brackets?
B: No, they are not necessary.

A: Thebookshelves are falling down.
B: That is because you did not bracket them to thewall.
bracket
n. 1.括号; 2.(年龄，收入等的)等级段，档次; 3.壁架，托架
vt. 1.把…置于括号内;2.把…归入同一类

A: Billy isalways bragging about his success.
B: Ah, he is still young, be patient with him.
brag
v. 自夸，吹嘘

A: Would youlike a brandy?
B: No, thanks. It is too early for a drink.
brandy
n. 白兰地酒

A: Whathappened to Peter? I see that he broke his arm.
B: Oh, he got into a brawl on the street lastnight.
brawl
n./vi. 争吵，打架

A: Why areyou home from work? It is early.
B: I could not stand it anymore and was forced to breachmy contract.
breach
n. 1.破坏，违反;2.(关系的)破裂，不和; 3. 缺口,裂口
vt. 1.攻破,在…造成缺口; 2.破坏，违反

A: Sorry I amlate, there was a breakdown on the road.
B: Not to worry, the class has not started yet.
breakdown
n. 1.垮台，破裂；2.(健康，精神等)衰竭，衰弱; 3.(机器等的)损坏，故障; 4分类

A: Finally, abreakthrough in my science experiment.
B: Great, all your hard work has finally paid off.
breakthrough
n. 突破，突破性进展，重要的新发现

A: Will youput the tea on to brew please?
B: Sure, in a few minutes.

A: Afterfailing the exam he brewed for four days.
B: And is he feeling better now?

A: Is this astrong brew?
B: No, it is fairly weak.
brew
vt. 1.酿造（啤酒）; 2.冲泡(茶,咖啡等)
vi. 1.(茶,咖啡等)冲泡; 2.酝酿，行将发生
n. 冲泡(或酿造)的饮料

A: I wasoffered a bribe to give my students better marks in theirexams.
B: I hope that you did not accept it.

B: Tell me,why did you break into the bank?
B: I was bribed into it.
bribe
vt. 向…行贿，买通
n. 贿赂，行贿物

A: Where arethe letter you were meant to post?
B: Oh, they are in my briefcase, but I leftit at the office.
briefcase
n. 公文包,公事包

A: What wasyour childhood dream?
B: To become a member of the fire brigade.
brigade
n. 1.旅(陆军编制单位); 2.队,组

A: The brim of your hat is covering your eyes.
B: That is because I don’t want anyone to notice me.
brim
n. 1.帽檐；2.(容器的)边,边缘
vi. 注满，充溢
brim over (with) 充满，洋溢

A: I was onthe brink of leaving my job, but decided to stay.
B: What changed your mind?
brink
n. (悬崖，河流等的)边缘，边沿
on the brink of 濒临，处于…边缘

A: Slow down,stop walking so fast!
B: A brisk walk will be good for your health.
brisk
a. 1.轻快的，生气勃勃的; 2.兴隆的，繁忙活跃的; 3.寒冷而清新的

A: Mypaintbrush is too old to start the decorating.
B: I have one with better bristles if you wantto borrow it.
bristle
n. 短而硬的毛发，刷子毛
vi. 1.被激怒，怒发冲冠;2.毛发(因惊惧等)直立
bristle with 密集，充满，被布满

A: Don’t lean on the glass, it is very brittle.
B: Oops, sorry, it is too late.
brittle
a. 1.易碎的，易损坏的；2.脆弱的，靠不住的; 3.冷淡的，不友好的; 4.(声音)尖厉的

A: What placedid you come in in the race?
B: Third. I won a bronze.
bronze
n. 1.青铜；2.青铜色，古铜色; 3.青铜(艺术)制品，铜牌

A: This is avery complicated question, professor.
B: Brood on it for a while and maybe you will findthe solution.

A: Are thehens sitting with their brood?
B: No, they seem to have neglected them.
brood
vi. 1.(on, over,about)沉思，考虑;2.孵蛋
n. 1.(雏鸡等)一窝; 2.(一个家庭)全体孩子

A: If youwalk up the east side of the mountain you will find a small brook where you can fill your bottles with water.
B: Great, I’mreally thirsty, but is the water safe to drink?
brook
n. 小溪
vt. [常用于否定句或疑问句]容忍，忍受

A: Where wereyou this afternoon?
B: In the bookshop, just browsing.
browse
vi. 1.随意翻阅，浏览; 2. (牛，羊等)吃草

A: That is anasty bruise.
B: Yeah, I fell down the stairs last week and hit my head.

A: He bruised me with his nasty comments.
B: Don’tlisten to him then.
bruise
n. 1.青肿,挫伤; 2.(水果等的)伤痕，擦痕
vt. 1.打青，使受淤伤;2.挫伤，伤害(感情等)

A: That was abrutal crime.
B: Yeah, there seems to be nothing but bad news these days.
brutal
a. 1.野兽般的，残忍的; 2.无情的，冷酷的，难以忍受的

A: How muchis the fare?
B: Just two bucks, it is only a short journey.

A: The horse bucked and kicked me in the face.
B: Ouch! Why were you standing behind him?

A: Buck up, it is not the end of the world.
B: Easier said then done.
buck
n. 1.(一)美元，(一)澳元; 2.雄鹿,雄兔
vi. (马等)猛然弓背跃起
buck up (使)振奋，(使)打起精神

A: I likeyour new shoes.
B: Thanks, but the buckles are toostiff at the moment.

A: Whathapped to your bicycle?
B: The wheel buckled when I hit a stone in the middle of theroad.
buckle
v. 1.用搭扣扣紧； 2.(使)变形，弯曲
n. 搭扣，扣环
buckle down 倾全力,开始认真从事

A: I amlooking forward to the spring when the flowers will come into bud.
B: Me too, it has been a long winter.
bud
n. 叶芽,花蕾
vi. 发芽，萌芽

A: Do youthink that the Buddhist way of life is the best?
B: I am not quite sure yet, I still need to think about it.
Buddhist
n. 佛教徒
a. 佛教的

A: Have youever seen a buffalo?
B: No, but I would like to.
buffalo
n. 水牛，(北美)野牛

A: He usedhis pillow as a buffer against the noise.
B: Why, did he have difficulty sleeping?

A: The mirrorneeds a polish.
B: But I don’thave anything to buffer it with.
buffer
n. 1.起缓冲作用的人(或物); 2.缓冲器,减震器
vt. 缓冲，减轻

A: Will therebe any food at the party?
B: I heard that the hosts are providing a buffet.
buffet
n. 1.(火车站的)饮食柜台，(火车内的)餐车
vt. 反复敲打，连续猛击

A: There is abug crawling over foot, watch out.
B: You could have warned me soon, I hate insects in any shape or form.

A: Go away,you are bugging me.
B: Please, I just have one more question.
bug
n. 1.虫子；2.小病,(机器等)故障,缺陷; 3.窃听器
vt.1.烦扰，纠缠；2.在…装窃听器

A: I have bulges in all the wrong places.
B: Stop worrying about your weight, I think you are beautiful.

A: Your bagis bulging, what have you got in it?
B: Far too much, it is too heavy.
bulge
n. 膨胀，肿胀
vi. 1.膨胀，凸出,鼓起;2.塞满，装满

A: Becareful, there is a bull in that field overthere.
B: Oh, I am not afraid of him.
bull
n. 1.公牛，雄兽; 2.买进证券(或商品等)投机图利者, (对股市行情)看涨的人

A: Did youreceive the bulletin I sent you?
B: No, but I did not check my post today.
bulletin
n. 1.(报纸,电台等)简明新闻，最新消息; 2.公告,布告，公报; 3.学报，期刊(尤指某机构的机关刊物)

A: Were youever bullied in school?
B: Just once, but the teacher found out and put a quick stop to it.
bully
n. 恃强欺弱者
vt.威吓，欺负

A: I must buyTime this week, there will be a bumper issue.
B: It must be larger on account of the new year.
bumper
n.(汽车上的)保险杠,缓冲器
a.特大的，丰盛的

A: Why do youalways wear your hair in a bun?
B: Because I think it is very elegant.
bun
n. 1.圆形的小面包或点心; 2.(女子的)圆发髻

A: As a childI always wanted to sleep on the top bunk.
B: Me too, but so did my brother so we always argued.

A: Hey, willyou do a bunk today?
B: No, I am afraid that the teacher will find out.
bunk
n.1.(车，船等依壁而设的)铺位; 2.空话，废话
do a bunk 匆忙逃走

A: Typical bureaucracy, always too many forms to fill in.
B: Be patient, you can not change the whole system straight away.
bureaucracy
n. 1.官僚主义,官僚作风; 2.政府机构，官僚

A: A burglar broke into our house last night and stole the TV.
B: My goodness, did the police catch him?
burglar
n. 窃贼，破门盗窃者

A: John’s sudden death was tragic.
B: I know, I would like to go to the burialto show my respect to his family.
burial
n. 葬,掩埋，葬礼

A: Did youspot where the rabbit just went?
B: Yeah, into his burrow by the tree.
burrow
vt. 1.挖掘(洞穴); 2钻进
vi. 1.挖洞;2.翻寻
n. 地洞

A: He bust into the room and started shouting at me.
B: Well, you should have locked the door.
bust
vt. 打破，打碎
vi. 爆裂,坏掉
n. 1.胸像，半身像;2.胸部,胸围

A: I hategoing into the city at the weekend.
B: I agree, too much bustle and people.
bustle
vi. 闹哄哄地忙乱，奔忙
n. 1.忙乱，喧扰;2.裙撑，衬垫

A: Could youplease put your cigarette butt into the ashtrayrather than on the floor?
B: Sorry, I did not realize it would bother you.
butt
n. 1.笑柄；2.烟蒂；3.枪托; 4.大酒桶,大水桶; 5.臀部
v. 用头撞或顶
butt in 插嘴，插手，干涉

A: There is awonderful atmosphere at this party.
B: Yes, there is a great buzz.

A: What isthat annoying noise?
B: My alarm clock buzzing. I forgot to switch it off.
buzz
vi. 1.发出嗡嗡声; 2.(around, about)忙乱，急行; 3.发出嘈杂的谈话声
n. 1.嗡嗡声;2.嘈杂的谈话声

A: The localgovernment wants to build a bypass to direct trafficaway from our town.
B: That will be bad for business in the town. What do the locals think aboutit?
bypass
n. 1.(绕过市镇的)旁道,迂回道; 2.分流术,旁通管
vt. 1.绕过，绕…走;2.越过，置…于不顾

H

A: I think we have an obligation toprotect our natural habitat.
B: I agree. That is why I promote recycling.
habitat
n.　（动物的）栖息地，住处

A: How did heget your personal details?
B: He hacked into my computer and stole them.
hack
vt.　１．劈，砍；２．骑（马）缓行
vi.　１．劈，砍；２．开出租车；３．骑马缓行
n.　１．蹩脚文人，雇佣文人；２．出租车，出租车司机；３．劈，砍；４．骑用马，供出租的马
hack into 私自存取或篡改（他人电脑资料）
hack through　在．．．中开路

A: Is itsnowing?
B: No, I think it is hail.
hail
n.　１．雹；２．一阵
vi.　下雹
vt.　１．招呼，高呼；２．热情赞扬，为．．．喝彩
hail from　来自，出生于

A: Would youlike to have a hamburger?
B: No thanks. I’ma vegetarian.
hamburger
n.　１．汉堡包；２．牛肉糜

A: I won a hamper in the raffle.
B: Well done. Can I have a share of your winnings!
hamper
vt.　妨碍，束缚，限制
n.　（有盖的）大篮子

A: Do youknow when our summer holidays are from university?
B: I’mnot sure of the dates, but if you look in the handbook they are printed on the second page.
handbook
n.　手册，便览

A: Yourinjury must have been a severe handicap.
B: At the time it was, but now I have adapted.
handicap
n.　１．（身体或智力方面的）缺陷；２．障碍，不利条件
vt.　妨碍，使不利

A: There wasa case of harassment in my workplace.
B: Sounds serious. What was the outcome?
harassment
n.　１．骚扰，扰乱；２烦恼，烦乱

A: Will I beable to leave these plants outdoors during the winter?
B: Yes, they are hardy and will survive the cold weather.
hardy
a.　１．能吃苦耐劳的，坚强的；２．（植物等）耐寒的

A: Do youplay any musical instruments?
B: Yes, I play the harp.
harp
n.　竖琴
vi. (on, upon)　唠叨，喋喋不休地说

A: That was ahasty retreat he made from the room.
B: I don’tthink that he wanted to be here.
hasty
a.　１．草率的，轻率的；２．急速的，匆忙的，仓促完成的

A: Have thechicks hatched yet?
B: No, perhaps they will in a couple more days.
hatch
vt.　１．孵出，孵；２．筹划，图谋，策划
vi.　(out)（小鸡等）出壳，孵出
n.　１．（飞机等的）舱门；２．（门等的）开口；３．孵化

A: I had to haul the coal indoor every day during the winter when I was achild.
B: Oh you poor thing, what a hard life!
haul
vt.　１．（用力）拖，拉；２．（用车等）托运，运送
n.　１．拖，拉，拖运；２．一次获得（或偷得等）的数量

A: I heardthat your house is haunted, how scary.
B: I’mnot afraid of ghosts.
haunt
vt.　１．（鬼魂等）长出没于；２．使苦恼，使担忧；３．（思想，回忆等）萦绕在心头，缠绕
n.　常去的地方

A: Thecountryside offers me a welcome haven from city life.
B: Yes, it is necessary to get some clean and fresh air every once and a while.
haven
n.　安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

A: There was havoc in the country when news of the war broke out.
B: I am not surprised.
havoc
n.　大破坏，大毁坏
play havoc with　毁坏，扰乱

A: That is avery large bird in the sky.
B: I think it is a type of hawk.
hawk
n.　１．鹰；２．（主战或主张强硬路线的）＂鹰派＂人物
vt.　叫卖，兜售

A: Did youenjoy your drive?
B: Not really. There was haze and I could not seemuch out of the window.
haze
n.　１．烟雾；２．懵懂，迷糊
vi. (over)　变模糊，变朦胧

A: Let’s sit around the hearth tonight and tell stories.
B: Great idea, I’lllight the fire.
hearth
n.　炉床，壁炉边

A: I justbought 100 hectares of land.
B: That is a lot of land. What are you going to do with it?
hectare
n.　公顷

A: Thepolicewoman’stalk heightened my awareness of the dangers in the city.
B: Yes, she gave an informed speech.
heighten
v.　（使）提高，加强

A: I am thesole heir to my father’s wealth.
B: Lucky you. It is shame that your father is not very wealthy!
heir
n.　继承人

A: Why areyou wearing that helmet?
B: I am pretending to be a firefighter!
helmet
n.　头盔

A: Excuse me,but the hem on your skirt is showing.
B: Oh, thanks. I meant to sew it up this morning.
hem
n.　贴边，镶边
vt.　１．给．．．缝贴边；２．（in）包围，限制，约束

A: Have youbeen to the Southern Hemisphere?
B: No, I have never even traveled outside of Europe.
hemisphere
n.　１．地球的半球；２．大脑半球

A: Henceforth, I promise to work much harder.
B: You promise that every year!
henceforth
ad.　从今以后，从此以后

A: Thetrumpet blast heralded the news of the king’s arrival.
B: And did the crowds gather after hearing it?
herald
vt.　１．预示．．．的来临（或发生）；２．宣布，欢呼
n.　１．传令官，信使；２．预兆，先兆

A: This mealis very tasty.
B: Oh, that must be the herbs that I put into it.
herb
n.　药草，（调味用的）香草，草本植物

A: Do youagree that the position of the King should be hereditary?
B: Well, I am not really a supporter of the monarchy, so no.
hereditary
a.　１．遗传的，遗传性的；２．可继承的，世袭的

A: The castleis an important site of our national heritage.
B: Then why is it in ruin?
heritage
n.　遗产，继承物，传统

A: I have notseen you for days.
B: I decided to become a hermit!
hermit
n.　隐士，遁世者

A: The heroine of this play I think has the strongest role.
B: And the actress did a wonderful job performing it.
heroine
n.　１．女主角；２．女英雄

A: My newhairstyle is hideous.
B: No, it is not, it is just a bit different, that’s all.
hideous
a.　极其丑陋的，难看的

A: I dislikethe hierarchy in my workplace.
B: Yes, I agree. It is competitive and unfair.
hierarchy
n.　１．等级制度；２．统治集团，领导层

A: Did youhear that the place was hijacked byterrorists?
B: Gosh, was anyone injured?
hijack
v. / n.　劫持（尤指动机）

A: I’m going for a two-day hike over the weekend.
B: I’dlove to join you if the weather is good.
hike
n.　１．徒步旅行；２．（数量，价格等）增加，上升
vi.　徒步旅行
vt.　提高（价格等）

A: May I helpyou in the kitchen, Dad?
B: No, you’llhinder me, and I’ll be quicker by myself.
hinder
vt.　阻碍，妨碍

A: The door hinges are making a lot of noise.
B: Oh, could you oil them for me please?
hinge
n.　铰链
hinge on/ upon　依．．．而定，以．．．为转移

A: What isthat noise in the grass?
B: I think it is a snake hissing, be careful.
hiss
vi.　１．发出嘶嘶声；２．发嘘声表示不满
vt.　（因不满）对．．．发嘘声

A: I want tobe a famous historian when I grow up.
B: What aspect of history do you want to focus on?
historian
n.　历史学家，史学工作者
　
A: May I hitch a ride?
B: Sure, hop in, where do you want to go?
hitch
vt.　１．免费搭（车旅行）；２．（用绳，钩等）系住，栓住，钩住；３．(up)　急速提起（或拉起）
vi.　免费搭车旅行
n.　１．故障，障碍；２．急提，急拉

A: I justdiscovered a piece of information hitherto unknown.
B: Excellent, I hope it will help us solve the case.
hitherto
ad.　到目前为止，迄今

A: I thinkthere is going to be a food shortage.
B: Don’tworry, I have a hoard in a secret location.
hoard
n.　贮藏，聚藏（物）
v. (up)　贮藏，囤积

A: I’m hoarse,I can’tspeak.
B: How did you lose your voice?
hoarse
a.　（声音）嘶哑的，粗哑的

A: I’m going to play a game of hockey this afternoon, want to join in?
B: I won’tplay, but I’llwatch.
hockey
n.　１．曲棍球；２．冰上曲棍球，冰球

A: Have youseen the hoe?
B: Not since the last time you were gardening.
hoe
n.　锄
v.　用锄整（地），用锄除草

A: They hoisted a flag in honour of our victory.
B: Indeed what an honour, but you deserved it.
hoist
vt.　举起，升起，吊起
n.　１．起重器械；２．举起，升起，吊起

A: Stop! Whatis that under your coat?
B: My gun and its holder.
holder
n.　１．持有者，占有者；２．支托物，夹具

A: I’ve come to pay homageto you.
B: Why, I did nothing special.
homage
n.　尊敬，敬意，崇敬

A: There arenot very many nationalities represented in my country.
B: Yes, I agree, it is far too homogeneous.
homogeneous
a.　同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的

A: Put upyour hood , it is raining.
B: I don’thave one , but I do have a umbrella.
hood
n.　１．风帽，兜帽；２．罩，排风罩；３．车盖，（折叠式）车篷

A: There are hoof prints in the garden!
B: Oh, I went horse riding in the morning.
hoof
n.　（马，牛等的）蹄

A: Shall wetake a taxi?
B: No, let’sjust hop on a bus, it is only a short journey.
hop
vi.　１．（人）单足跳跃，单足跳行；２．（鸟，昆虫等）齐足跳跃，齐足跳行
vt.　跳上（汽车，火车，飞机等）
n.　１．蹦跳；２．（飞机的）短程航行

A: I was horrified by the tragic events.
B: Me too, they were shocking.
horrify
vt.　使震惊，使毛骨悚然

A: There hasbeen an increase in hostility between thetwo fighting nations.
B: Yes, and I am afraid that it will soon get more serious.
hostility
n.　１．敌对，敌意，对抗；２．抵制，反对；３．［pl.］交战，战争

A: What typeof dog is that ?
B: It is a hound .
hound
n.　猎犬
vt.　追逼，烦扰，纠缠

A: The airplanehovered above the airport for ten minutes.
B: It must have been waiting for space to land on the runway.
hover
vi.　１．（鸟等）翱翔，盘旋；２．逗留在近旁，徘徊；３．彷徨，犹豫

A: I heard alot of howling last night.
B: Sorry, my dog wanted to come indoors.
howl
vi. / n.　１．（狼，狗等）嗥叫，（风等）呼啸；２．（因愤怒，痛苦等）吼叫，哀号

A: Ah, lookat those chicks all huddling together.
B: Aren’tthey sweet?
huddle
vi.　１．聚集在一起，挤作一团；２．把身子蜷成一团，蜷缩
vt.　使聚集在一起
n.　挤在一起的人，一堆杂乱的东西

A: The hue from the lights was golden.
B: Yes, they created a wonderful atmosphere in the room.
hue
n.　色彩，色调
hue and cry　１．大声抗议，呐喊；２．捉拿声

A: He huggedthe teddy bear for a feeling of security.
B: Why didn’the hug you?
hug
vt.　１．（热烈地）拥抱；２．紧抱，怀抱
vi.　紧抱在一起，互相拥抱
n.　紧抱，热烈拥抱

A: Can you hum along to this tune?
B: I would if I knew it, but I am afraid that I don’t .
hum
vi.　１．哼曲子；２．发嗡嗡声；３．(with)忙碌，活跃
vt.　哼（曲子）
n.　嗡嗡声，营营声，嘈杂声

A: What doyou think is more beneficial to humanity, socks orshoes?
B: What type of a silly question is that!
humanity
n.　１．人类，［总称］人；２．人性；３．人道，博爱，仁慈；４．［pl.］人文学科

A: The humidity reached almost ninety five percent.
B: That is almost unbearable, you must have found it difficult.
humidity
n.　湿度，潮湿，湿气

A: You humiliated me in front of my friends.
B: Sorry, please forgive me, I didn’t intend it.
humiliate
vt.　使蒙羞，羞辱，使丢脸

A: Did yourun in the race?
B: Yes, but I knocked down three hurdles and so camein last.
hurdle
n.　１．跳栏，栏架；２．障碍，困难
vi.　进行跨栏赛

A: Please donot hurl the rubbish across the room, children.
B: Sorry Miss, we won’t do it again.
hurl
vt.　１．猛投，力掷；２．大声叫骂

A: The windswere so strong that I thought it was a hurricane.
B: Was there any damage done?
hurricane
n.　飓风

A: I hushed the children up.
B: Good, they were making too much noise.
hush
v.　（使）安静下来
n.　安静，寂静
bush up　防止．．．张扬出去，掩盖

A: Do youlike going into the city on the train?
B: No, there is too much noise and hustle.
hustle
vt.　１．推搡，猛推；２．竭力兜售或获取
vi.　１．竭力兜售或获取；２．催促，催赶
n.　忙碌，奔忙

A:Universities are how hybrids of theacademic and the business worlds.
B: I agree, and unfortunately the students often get neglected.
hybrid
n.　１．杂交生成的生物体，杂交植物（或动物）；２．混合物，合成物

A: His hygiene standards are terrible.
B: Yeah, I don’tthink that he has the chance to wash very often.
hygiene
n.　卫生，保健学

A: We willsing the hymn on page 100 of your books today.
B: Oh, but we sang that one last week.
hymn
n.　赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌

A: My surnameis Bailey Smith.
B: Is there hyphen between Bailey and Smith?
hyphen
n.　连字符，连（字）号

A: His speechwas utter hypocrisy.
B: I agree, it was very unreasonable.
hypocrisy
n.　伪善，虚伪

A: Before wedo the experiment, we have to form an hypothesis.
B: Do you have any suggestions?
hypothesis
n.　假说，假设，前提

A: The comedyshow was hysterical.
B: Oh, but I did not find it to be particularly funny.
hysterical
a.　情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里般的

I

A: I need to see some identification before I can let you in.
B: But I’mnot carrying any.
identification
n.　１．身份证明；２．鉴定，验明，认出；３．认同

A: My ideologies and ideas about life have changed over the years.
B: That is natural, it is called growing up!
ideology
n.　思想（体系），思想意识

A: I’m up the creek without a paddle.
B: Stop talking in idiom!
idiom
n.　１．习语，成语；２．（在艺术等方面所表现的）风格，特色

A: I lostyour wallet, I’msorry.
B: You idiot, you are always misplacing things.
idiot
n.　白痴，傻子，笨蛋

A: Madonna ismy idol.
B: And you are mine!
idol
n.　１．偶像，受崇拜的人或物；２．神像

A: The firewas ignited by an accident.
B: Are you sure that it was not arson?
ignite
vt.　点燃，引发
vi.　着火

A: The newlights illuminate the room well.
B: Yes, I had them specially designed.
illuminate
vt.　１．照明，照亮；２．阐明，启发

A: Is thatyou Helen or are you an illusion?
B: Yes, it really is me and I haven’t seen you for years!
illusion
n.　１．幻想，错误的观念；２．错觉，幻觉，假象

A: Your essaywas very imaginative but lacking detail>
B: But you did say, Sir, that you wanted us to be creative.
imaginative
a.　富有想象力的，爱想象的

A: Is thatthe real painting or just an imitation?
B: No, it is just a copy.
imitation
n.　１．模仿；２．仿制，仿制品；３．赝品

A: You arealways immersed in a book.
B: I love reading, I can’t help it.
immerse
vt.　１．使沉浸；２．(in)使沉浸在，使专心于

A: Mydeparture will be imminent.
B: Then why are you still standing here!
imminent
a.　即将发生的，临近的，逼近的

A: My grandfatheris so old that he thinks that he in immortal.
B: Well, maybe he is!
immortal
a.　１．长生的，不死的；２．不朽的，流芳百世的
n.　１．神仙；２．不朽人物

A: Try not toget ill.
B: Don’tworry, I am immune to disease!
immune
a.　１，免疫的，有免疫力的；２．(to)不受影响的；３．(from)免除的，豁免的

A: Your sightwill be impaired if you sit that close to the TV.
B: I think it is too late, why do you think I have to sit this close!
impair
vt.　损害，损伤，削弱

A: As ateacher it is my job to impart knowledge.
B: You have a very responsible job.
impart
vt.　１．告知，透露；２．赋予，给予

A: Now, it is imperative that you listen to my instructions.
B: What will happen if we don’t!
imperative
a.　１．必要的，紧急的，极重要的；２．命令的
n.　１．必要的事，必须完成的事；２．祈使语气（的动词）

A: The imperial ship set sail for India in 1843.
B: What was the aim of the voyage?
imperial
a.　１．帝国的，帝王的；２．专横的，傲慢的；３．（度量衡）英制的

A: I am goingto Canada tomorrow. I decided today.
B: That was an impetus decision.
impetus
n.　１．推动，促进，刺激；２．推动力

A: Do youthink I will be able to do the job?
B: Absolutely, you have my implicit confidence.
implicit
a.　１．不言明的，含蓄的；２．(in)内含的，固有的；３．无疑问的，无保留的

A: I boughtmy car on impulse.
B: And do you regret it now?
impulse
n. １．冲动，一时的念头；２．推动，驱使；３．脉冲
on impulse　一时冲动，一时心血来潮

A: The priestwill be inaugurated on Saturday.
B: Is that meant to be a sad or happy occasion?
inaugurate
vt.　１．开始，开展；２．为．．．举行就职典礼，使正式就任；３．为．．．举行开幕式，为．．．举行落成仪式

A: What isthe strong smell in the room?
B: Oh, I am burning some incense.
incense
n.　香，焚香时的烟（或香气）
vt.　激怒，使愤怒

A: I willgive you a bonus as an incentive to do morework.
B: But I don’thave time to do more work.
incentive
n.　刺激，鼓励

A: Stop withyour incessant moaning.
B: But you won’tlisten to me otherwise.
incessant
a.　不停的，连续不断的

A: The incident tool place at 8 pm on Saturday.
B: We will need to look for witnesses to the crime.
incident
n.　突然事件

A: Incidentally, are you free on Friday?
B: I’mafraid not, why , what did you have planned?
incidentally
ad.　顺便说及地，顺便提一句

A: ThePresident was trying to incite the masses intoaction.
B: Do you think that the population will respond?
incite
vt.　煽动，鼓动

A: I wouldlike to have Monday to Friday off inclusively.
B: Do you mean each week?
inclusive
a.　１．包括一切的，包括一切费用在内的；２．所有数目（或首末日期）包括在内的

A: If we incorporate your ideas with mine, I think we will have a splendidplan.
B: Sounds good to me.
incorporate
vt.　１．包含，加上，吸收；２．把．．．合并，使并入

A: It is incumbent upon you to follow my orders.
B: Why, what gives you the authority to say such?
incumbent
a.　１．成为责任的，有义务的；２．现任的，在职的
n.　现任者，在职者

A: I need youto go on a business trip. Naturally we will reimburse you for all expenses thatyou incur.
B: Sure, when and where would you like me to go?
incur
vt.　招致，遭受，引起

A: I will beeternally indebted to my parents for giving me an education.
B: Yes, you are lucky, they have been very supportive.
indebted
a.　感激的，受惠的，蒙恩的

A: When willyou return?
B: I’mnot sure, I’mgoing away for an indefinite length of time.
indefinite
a.　１．无限期的；２．不明确的，含糊的

A: Is youraccent indicative of your region?
B: Yes, I think that I speak in a fairly typical way.
indicative
a.　１．(of)　标示的，指示的，象征的；２．陈述的，直陈的
n.　陈述语气

A: Paul tendsto indict everyone that disagrees with him.
B: I disagree!
indict
vt.　控告，起诉，告发

A: The unjustsituation filled me with indignation.
B: I would not have been pleased either.
indignation
n.　愤怒，愤慨，义愤

A: I amhaving difficulty sleeping at night.
B: I hear that warm milk helps to induce sleep.
induce
vt.　１．引诱，劝；２．引起，导致

A: I haveeaten so much.
B: But it is your birthday, you are allowed to indulgeonce a year!
indulge
vt.　１．使（自己）沉溺于，满足（自己的欲望等）；２．纵容，迁就
vi. (in)　沉溺，纵容自己，肆意从事

A: There wasa feeling of inertia and inactivity when I entered the room.
B: That is because every one was sleeping!
inertia
vt.　１．不活动，惰性；２．惯性

A:Johannesburg in South Africa has an infamous reputation.
B: Yes, I have heard that there is very high crime rate.
infamous
a.　１．声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的；２．邪恶的，无耻的

A: The infantry fired several shots into the air.
B: I hope it was just as a warning to the enemy.
infantry
n.　［总称］步兵（部队）

A: Doctor, Ihave a terrible cough.
B: I’mafraid that you have a serious chest infection.
infection
n.　１．传染病；２．传染，传播，感染

A: Is mydisease infectious, Doctor?
B: No, you can not pass it on to others, but you still need to be careful.
infectious
a.　１．传染的，有传染性的；２．有感染力的

A: Can youhelp me inflate this balloon?
B: I’mnot sure if I have enough air in my lungs for that!
inflate
vt.　１．使充气，使膨胀；２．使得意，使骄傲；３．抬高（物价），使（通货）膨胀

A: Why areyou a vegetarian?
B: I don’twant to inflict harm on animals.
inflict
vt. (on, upon)　把．．．强加给，使遭受，使承担

A: How canyour camera take picture in the dark?
B: It has an infrared light to help it focus.
infrared
a.　红外线的

A: The roadsand railways in my country are terrible.
B: Yes, the government needs to develop the infrastructure.
infrastructure
n.　基础结构，基础设施

A: I think Iwill take the day off work>
B: What an ingenious idea!
ingenious
a.　１．（物件等）设计独特的，（方法等）别致的，巧妙的；２．（人，头脑）灵巧的，关于创造发明的

A: Di VInchiwas a painter and designer of great ingenuity.
B: Yes, he was certainly very talented.
ingenuity
n.　独创性，巧妙

A: I wouldlove to inhabit a small tropical island.
B: Alone? Would you not get lonely?
inhabit
vt.　居住于，（动物）栖居于

A: Please inhale the sweet fragrance from the flowers.
B: Sorry, my nose is blocked.
inhale
v.　吸入（气体等），吸（烟）

A: There arecertain facts inherent in the situation that I am unable tounderstand.
B: Perhaps you need to spend some more time thinking about it then.
inherent
a. (in)　内在的，固有的，生来就有的

A: I was inhibited form entering the building.
B: Why were there barriers in your way?
inhibit
vt.　阻止，妨碍，抑制

A: I’d like to initiate a new project.
B: Sounds exciting, what are your plans?
initiate
vt.　１．开始，创始，发起；２．使初步了解；３．接纳（新成员），让．．．加入
n.　新加入组织的人

A: I had tohave the medicine injected directly into my veins.
B: Ouch! That sounds painful!
inject
vt.　１．注射（药液等），给．．．注射； ２．注入，引入，投入

A: Do youlive by the coast?
B: No, I live inland, about five hours from the sea.
inland
a.　内地的，内陆的
ad.　 在内地（或内陆），向内地（或内陆）

A: let’s go for a picnic.
B: Good idea, I know a small inlet where we spend theafternoon.
inlet
n.　１．水湾，小湾；２．进口，入口

A: The prisoninmates were protesting because of their livingconditions.
B: Yes, the prisoners have a hard time.
inmate
n.　（狱中的）囚徒，（精神病院等中的）被收容者

A: You aresuch a good pianist, it must be innate.
B: No, the prisoners have a hard time.
innate
n.　天生的，固有的，天赋的

A: I’m going to an exhibition of moderninnovations this afternoon.
B: Oh, can I come? I’m fascinated by new inventions.
innovation
n.　１．新方法，新事物；２．革新，创新

A: There are innumerable reasons why I can’t marry you.
B: Surely there can not be that many .
innumerable
a.　无数的，数不清的

A: I wouldlove to sail around the world alone.
B: You must be insane.
insane
a.　１．蠢极的，荒唐的；２．（患）精神病的，精神失常的，疯狂的

A: Can youread the inscription in the book to me?
B: Sorry, I don’thave my glasses and the lettering it too small.
inscription
n.　铭文，碑文，题字

A: You arelooking tired.
B: Yes, I am suffering from insomnia.
insomnia
n.　失眠（症）

A: You are aninspiration to me.
B: You are quite amazing also!
inspiration
n.　１．灵感；２．鼓舞人心的人（或事物）

A: Did youbuy your car with cash?
B: No, I arranged that I will pay in monthly installments.
installment
n.　１．分期付款，分期交付；２．（分期连载的）部分

A: Thatmedicine worked great.
B: Yes, it had instantaneous results.
instantaneous
a.　瞬间的，即刻的

A: What arethe words to that song you were humming?
B: Oh, it was just an instrumentalpiece.
instrumental
a.　１．(in)起作用的，有帮助的；２．用乐器演奏的

A: My houseis freezing in the winter.
B: Perhaps you need to insulate it better.
insulate
vt.　１．使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音；２．隔离，使隔绝（以免受到影响）

A: Did theparcel arrive intact?
B: Yes, there was no damage to it at all.
intact　
a.　完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的

A: What isthe annual intake of students into your school each year?
B: Oh, about 100 pupils join each year.
intake
n.　１．吸入，纳入；２．进气口，入口

A: You playedan integral part in the project, thanks for your help.
B: You are welcome, but I do not think that my assistance was that important.
integral
a.　构成整体所必需的，基本的

A: I admireyour integrity.
B: Thanks, I think it is essential to stick to your principles.
integrity
n.　１．正直，诚实，诚恳；２．完整，完全，完善

A: My intellect is the most important aspect of my mind.
A: And you certainly use your well.
intellect
n.　１．智力，理解力；２．才智非凡的人

A: Markalways holds intelligible conversation.
B: Yes, he is very smart.
intelligible
a.　可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的

A: We could intensify the light in the room by painting the walls white.
B: Or we could just add more lights.
intensify
v.　（使）增强，（使）加剧

A: I did notcommit the crime with intent.
B: But that will be impossible to prove in court.
intent
n.　意图，意向，目的
a.　１．(on)专心的，转注的；２．(on)急切的
to all intents (and purposes)　几乎在一切方面，实际上

A: I need tointeract with some new people.
B: Good , but how are you going to meet them?
interact
vi.　相互作用，相互影响

A: I thinkour post has been intercepted.
B: Why, were the letters open when they arrived?
intercept
vt.　拦截，截住，截击

A: Theconference facilitated intercourse with manygroups of people.
B: I hope that you had some interesting and productive conversations.
intercourse
n.　１．性交；２．交流，交往，交际

A: What doyou study in college?
B: The interface between humans and computers
interface
n.　１．接口；２．界面，交接处
v.　互相作用（或影响，联系），互相配合工作

A: We have tosubmit an interim report by the end of the month.
B: And when will the official one have to be completed?
interim
a.　暂时的，临时的
n.　间歇，过度期间
in the interim　在其间

A: May Ioffer an interjection into the argument?
B: No, the debate must continue without disruption.
interjection
n.　１．感叹词；２．（突然的）插入

A: How wasthe weather on your holiday?
B: Apart form the intermittent rain, it was fine.
intermittent
a.　间歇的，断断续续的

A: Turn leftat the next intersection.
B: I thought we have to turn right.
intersection
n.　１．横断，交叉；２．道路交叉口，交点

A: My parentsare always arguing.
B: Is there anything you can do to intervene?
intervene
vi.　１干涉，干预；２．干扰，阻挠

A: I amplanning an intervention into the affairs of my neighbours.
B: Why are you so interested in what they are doing ?
intervention
n.　介入，干涉，干预

A: Jane isalways so outspoken.
B: But don’tbe intimidated by her.
intimidate
vt.　恐吓，威胁

A: He wascompletely intoxicated after coming home from the pub last night.
B: Yes, I knew he had a lot to drink.
intoxicate
vt.　１．使喝醉；２．使陶醉，使欣喜若狂

A: Thedetails in the painting are exceptionally intricate.
B: Yes, it must have taken a long time to complete.
intricate
a.　错综复杂的，复杂精细的

A: Did youenjoy the novel I lent you?
B: It was excellent, the plot was full of intrigue and mystery.
intrigue
vt.　激起．．．的好奇心（或兴趣），迷住
vi.　耍阴谋，施诡计
n.　阴谋，诡计，密谋

A: I found apiece of evidence that is intrinsic to our case.
B: Gosh, why did we not realize it sooner?
intrinsic
a.　固有的，本质的，内在的

A: I don’t mean to intrude, but can I join your conversation?
B: Don’tworry, you are not interrupting anything private.
intrude
vi.　侵入，侵扰，打扰

A: My intuition told me that he is bad news.
B: Yes, I never trusted him either.
intuition
n.　直觉

A: I amafraid this is the only piece of identification that I have.
B: But it is out of date which makes it invalid.
invalid
a.　１．（指法律上）无效的，作废的；２．无可靠根据的，站不住脚的
n.　（需要有人照顾的）病弱者，残疾者

A: Your helpwas invaluable to me, thanks.
B: Don’tmention it, it was my pleasure.
invaluable
a.　非常宝贵的，极为贵重的，无价的

A: Invariably the car broke down on the way to my exam.
B: Typical! What did you do?
invariably
ad.　不变地，始终如一地，总是

A: I wouldlike to have an inventory of all the furniture in the house beforeI move in.
B: Certainly, that can be arranged.
inventory
n.　详细目录，存货清单
make inventory　清查存货，存货盘存；调查；评价

A: I can’t get the lid off this jar, Mum.
B: Try inverting it and then bang the jar on the floor.
invert
vt.　使倒转，使倒置，使颠倒

A: Ironically, I missed the plane even though I was at the airport twohours in advance.
B: I call that unlucky!
ironically
ad.　１．具有讽刺意味地；２．嘲讽地，挖苦地

A: Do youthink Jack is a good comedian?
B: No, he relies too heavily on irony.
irony
n.　１．反语，冷嘲；２．具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄

A: Irrespective of the weather, I think we should still gosailing.
B: But what if there is a thunder storm?
irrespective
a. (of)　不考虑的，不顾及的

A: Despitethe dry weather, I am amazed at how many crops the farmers are growing.
B: That is because they have developed an extensive and efficient irrigation system.
irrigation
n.　灌溉

A: My littlesister always irritates me.
B: Mine is also very annoying.
irritate
vt.　１．使恼怒，使烦躁；２．使（身体某部分）不适，使疼痛

A: Is Iran aChristian country?
B: No, it is Islamic.
Islamic
a.　伊斯兰教的，伊斯兰教信徒的

A: The isle where we camped was just one hour by boat off shore.
B: Were there any inhabitants on it?
isle
n.　小岛，岛

A: I’m itchingto travel.
B: Perhaps you can go away following your studies.
itch
vi.　１．痒，发痒；２．渴望，热望
vt.　使发痒
　
A: Your necklace is very unusual.
B: That’sbecause it is made out of ivory.
ivory
n.　１．象牙；２．象牙色，乳白色

A: I need tocut back the ivy from my windows.
B: Yes, it tends to grow at a rapid rate.
ivy
n.　常春藤

J

 
A: I need to change the wheel of my car, I have a flat.
B: I’llhelp, do you have a jack ?
jack
n. 千斤顶
vt. 1.用千斤顶顶起；2。停止，放弃；3。提高，增加

A: What typeof stone is your ring?
B: It is jade , quite rare.
jade
n. 1。玉，翡翠；2。浅绿（色）

A: Did youunderstand the article I gave you?
B: No, there was too much jargon and termsthat I had not seen before.
jargon
n. 术语，行话

A: I’m going to rent a jeep for the weekend and drive to the mountains.
B: Great idea, can I come?
jeep
n. 吉普车

A: No, I’m not going to cheat on the exam.
B: Good, there is no point in jeopardising yourdegree.
jeopardise
vt. 危机，损害

A: You nearlyhit Andrew on the head.
B: Good thing that he jerked just in timeto miss it.
jerk
vt. 使猝然一动，猛拉
vi. 猝然一动
n. 急推，急拉，急扭

A: What wouldyou like for your birthday?
B: Some new jewellery would be nice, maybe a necklace.
jewellery
n. 珠宝，首饰

A: You’re so small you would make an excellent jockey .
B: Oh, I don’tlike horse riding.
jockey
n. 1。骑师；2。[美俚]驾驶员，（机器等的）操作手
vi. (for) 谋取
vt. 劝说，诱使

A: I go for ashort jog around the lake every night.
B: You must be very fit.
jog
v. / n. 1。慢跑；2。（尤指不正当地）轻轻碰撞
jog sb.’s memory 唤起某人的记忆

A: Mr. Smithhas a jolly sense of humour,
B: Yes, I have always found him to be very pleasant.
jolly
a. 快乐的，高兴的，愉快的
ad. 很，非常
vt. 劝服，哄

A: Was thecar damaged in the accident?
B: No, it just got a slight jolt . There was no damagedone.
jolt
vt. 1。使颠簸，使摇晃；2。使震惊
vi. 颠簸，摇晃
n. 1。震动，摇动，颠簸；2。震惊

A: The judicial proceedings will take place after all the evidence hasbeen collected.
B: How long do you think that will take?
judicial
a. 1。司法的，法庭的，审判的；2。明断的，公正的

A: Shall Ipour the milk into a jug ?
B: Yes, if you can find a clean one!
jug
n. 1。大罐，壶；2。一大罐（壶）的容量

A: I’m trying to juggle twojobs at once.
B: That must be difficult, how do you manage?
juggle
v. 1。（用球等）玩杂耍；2。尽力应付，力图平衡；3。篡改（数字等）以图掩盖

A: There is a jumbo edition of the magazine out this week.
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it?
jumbo
a. 特大的，巨型的
n. 大型喷气式飞机

A: Thetraffic lights on the main junction are out thisweek.
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it ?
junction
n. 联结点，（道路等的）会合点，枢纽

A: What areyou doing in your room?
B: I’mtrying to clear it of all the junk I have collected overthe years.
junk
n. 废旧物品，破烂
vt. 丢弃，废弃

A: What areyou doing in this part of town?
B: Sir, it is my new jurisdiction .
jurisdiction
n. 1。司法权，审判权，裁判权；2。权力，管辖权； 3。权限，管辖范围

A: Sorry,Sir, my dog ate my homework.
B: That is not adequate justification forbeing late again.
justification
n. 正当的理由，借口

A: John wastaken to the juvenile court for the hearing.
B: Oh, that is right he is only 14 and too young to be on trial in the centralcourt.
juvenile
a. 1。少年的，少年特有的；2。幼稚的，不成熟的
n. 未成年人，少年

K

 
A: I dreamt I was kidnapped by a gang of thieves.
B: You were not dreaming!
kidnap
vt. 绑架，诱拐

A: Doctor, Ihave a severe pain in my lower back.
B: It may be your kidneys , let me check.
kidney
n. 肾，肾脏

A: Who isyour next of kin ?
B: My father.
kin
n. [总称]亲属，家属

A: I’ve hurt myself, do you have a bandage?
B: Yeah, there is one in the first aid kit.
kit
n. 1。成套的工具，（适应特定需要的）成套用品
vt.(out) 装备

A: I justbought a new kitten , she is very cute.
B: She may be now, but she will soon grow up!
kitten
n. 小猫

A: You are my knight in shining armor.
B: Well, that makes you my princess.
knight
n. 1。（中世纪）骑士；2。爵士；3。（国际象棋中）马
vt. 封……为爵士

A: Did youmake this blanket?
B: Yes, it took three weeks to knit .
knit
vt. 1。编结，编织；2。使紧密地结合，使紧凑；3。皱紧，皱（眉）
vi. 1。编织，编结；2。（骨折）愈合

A: Thepotatoes are best with a knob of butter.
B: Oh, but I don’tlike potatoes or butter.
knob
n. 1。（门、抽屉的）球形把手，球形柄；2。（收音机等的）旋扭；3。小块

A: Whathappened to your knuckles ? They are bleeding.
B: Oh, I cycled in a wall and grazed them.
knuckle
n. 指节
vi. 1. (down) 开始努力工作；2.(under)屈服

Ｌ　

A: Becareful, your laces are undone.
B: Oh, I never learned how to tie them properly.
lace
n.　１．网眼花边，透空织品，花边；２．鞋带，系带
vt. (up)　用系带束紧

A: Sorry I’m late, my alarm did not go off on time.
B: That is a lame excuse, don’t let it happen again.
lame
a.　１．跛的，瘸的；２．站不住脚的，差劲的，蹩脚的

A: I am lamenting the loss of my dear friend.
B: Goodness, what happened to him?
lament
vt.　１．哀悼，痛惜；２．抱怨，为．．．而遗憾
vi.　哀悼，悲痛
n.　挽歌，悼词

A: I am goingto the lake to float some lanterns .
B: It would be best to wait until it is dark.
lantern
n.　灯笼，提灯

A: I saw myfather again after a lapse of twentyyears.
B: That must have been an emotional meeting.
lapse
n.　１．失误，疏忽；２．（时间的）流逝，间隔；３．（兴趣等的）减少，（信心的）丧失；４．陷入（或进入）（某种状态）(into)
vi.　１．终止，失效；２．(into)陷入（或进入）．．．状态

A: Stopannoying your brother.
B: Don’tlash out at me, he was the one that started it.
lash
v.　１．（用绳索等）将（物品）系牢；２．鞭打，抽打，（风，雨等）猛烈打击；３．猛烈抨击，严厉斥责
n.　１．鞭子，鞭端绳索（或皮条）；２．鞭打；３．眼睫毛；４．鞭梢
lash out (at)　猛烈抨击

A: I know youhave the ability to do the task, it is latent withinyou.
B: But I am not so confident that it is there.
latent
a.　潜在的，隐伏的，不易察觉的

A: On whatline of latitude is France?
B: Well, it will span several lines, but you should check in an atlas for theexact figures.
latitude
n. １．纬度；２．［pl.］纬度地区；３．（言语，行动等的）回旋余地，自由

A: Did youenjoy the wedding?
B: Indeed, it was a very lavish affair.
lavish
a.　１．过分丰富的，无节制的；２．过分慷慨的，浪费的
vt. (on,upon)　慷慨地给予，挥霍

A: Was ourteacher also a priest?
B: No, he was just a layman .
layman
n.　门外汉，外行

A: There werea lot of layoffs recently in my town.
B: That will be hard on the families in the region, do you think they will beable to find new jobs?
layoff
n.　（尤指临时）解雇

A: Could youplease give me some additional information about your organization?
B: Certainly, this leaflet has all thedetails that you will need.
leaflet
n.　传单，散页印刷品，小册子
v.　（向．．．）散发传单（或小册子）

A: Have youseen my shoes, Mum?
B: Yes, they are drying on the window ledge .
ledge
n.　１．岩架，岩石突出部；２．架状突出物，壁架

A: Mr. Smarthad a full and an interesting life.
B: Yes, he indeed left a legacy .
legacy
n.　遗赠的财物，遗产

A: I amfascinated with ancient folk tales and legends .
B: Yes, there are some wonderful stories that survived the ages.
legend
n.　１．传说，传奇故事；２．传奇人物

A: This time,Sir, I have a legitimateexcuse for beinglate, I was ill.
B: Do you have a doctor’s note to prove it?
legitimate
a.　１．合情合理的；２．合法的，法律认可的
vt.　使合法

A: Would youlike a glass of lemonade ?
B: Oh, yes please, that sounds very refreshing.
lemonade
n.　１．柠檬水；２．汽水

A: Eventhough you have been naughty, I will be lenient just this one time.
B: Thanks, Mum, and I promise not to do it again.
lenient
a.　宽大的，仁慈的

A: Do youneed anything from the shops?
B: Yes, I’dneed to make a salad. Could you buy some lettuce please?
lettuce
n.　莴苣，生菜

A: I can’t open the window.
B: Here is a stick, use it as a lever to force itopen.
lever
n.　１．杠，杠杆；２．途径，工具，手段
vt.　（用杠杆）撬动，撬起

A: My bossnever gives much leverage , I don’t think I’ll be able to get the day off work.
B: Oh, at least try one last time.
leverage
n.　１．力量，影响，手段，优势；２．杠杆作用，杠杆的力量

A: Thegovernment has increased the levy on imports.
B: By what percentage?
levy
vt.　征收（税等）
n.　征税，税款

A: You are a liability around the house.
B: I’mnot dangerous. I’mjust energetic.
liability
n.　１．责任；２．［pl.］负债，债务；３．不利条件，起妨碍作用的人（或物）

A: Lilies are my favourite kind of flower.
B: Oh, mine too!
lily
n.　百合，百合花

A: I arriveto the ball by limousine .
B: Oh, I could not afford one, so I came by bus!
limousine
n.　轿车

A: Sarah hasa very limp handshake.
B: Yes, I don’tthink that she is confident in herself.
limp
a.　１．软弱的，无生气的，无精神的；２．软的，松沓的
vi.　一瘸一拐地走，蹒跚
n.　跛行

A: Have youdone linear equations in math class yet?
B: No, I think we cover them next year.
linear
a.　１．线的，直线的，线状的；２．长度的；３．线性的

A: Is yourshirt made from cotton or linen ?
B: I am not sure what kind of fabric it is.
linen
n. １．日用织品，亚麻织品；２．亚麻布

A: I workedon a cruise liner for three months.
B: Sounds exotic, but I’m sure that it was hard work!
liner
n.　１．大客轮；２．（化妆用）眼线膏，眼线笔，描唇笔；３．衬里

A: What wouldyou like to do this morning?
B: Just linger in bed a while longer.
linger
vi.　１．（因不愿意离开而）继续逗留，留恋徘徊；２．(on)继续存留，缓慢消失

A: I had aproblem learning how to speak correctly when I was a child.
B: Oh, I also had some linguistic problems.
linguistic
a.　语言的，语言学的

A: Is that lipstick on your collar?
B: No, it is just tomato sauce, trust me!
lipstick
n.　唇膏，口红

A: What doyou do in your spare time?
B: I’minvolved in a literacy project, teaching kids how to read.
literacy
n.　识字，有文化，读写能力

A: You shouldtry to look beyond literal translationsof the poem.
B: But it is too difficult for me.
literal
a.　１．照字面的，原义的；２．逐字的

A: You shouldnot take everything that I say literally .
B: Well, you should be more direct.
literally
n.　１．逐字地，照原文，照字面地；２．确实地，真正地；３．简直

A: Mygrandmother was the only literate girl in herfamily.
B: She was lucky to get an education.
literate
a.　１．有读写能力的；２．有文化修养的

A: Please putyour litter in the bin.
B: Oh, I can’tsee one.
litter
n.　１．废弃物，被胡乱扔掉的东西；２．一窝（仔，崽）；３．（一堆）杂乱的东西
vt.　乱扔东西于
vi.　乱扔废弃物

A: The livestock on my farm are doing very well.
B: How many cows and sheep do you have in total?
livestock
n.　［总称］家畜，牲畜

A: Were youout in the sun?
B: Yes, I got burnt and I look like a lobster .
lobster
n.　龙虾

A: Are thereany libraries in your locality ?
B: No, but there is one in the next town.
locality
n.　地区，地点

A: Oh no, Ileft my watch in the locker in the gym.
B: You better go back and get it.
locker
n.　（公共场所供个人使用的）寄物柜

A: I’m interested in early locomotive travel.
B: I have never really been interested in trains myself.
locomotive
n.　机车

A: You havevery lofty ideals.
B: No, I just have high expectations of myself.
lofty
a.　１．高傲的，傲慢的；２．崇高的，高尚的；３．高耸的，极高的

A: My familyhas never enjoyed longevity .
B: But you are lucky, you are already 91!
longevity
n.　１．长寿；２．寿命

A: What lineof longitude are the Falkland Islands located on?
B: Not sure, you better check a map.
longitude
n.　经度

A: Mygrandmother made all her clothing on a loom .
B: Did she teach you how to use it?
loom
n.　织布机
vi.　１．阴森地逼近，隐现，赫然耸现；２．即将来临

A: What didyou do with the stolen loot ?
B: I hid the money in a secret location.
loot
n.　赃物，战利品，掠夺物
v.　抢劫，劫掠，掠夺

A: My skin istoo dry, it must be because of the hot weather.
B: Here is some lotion , rub it on to help.
lotion
n.　洗液，洗济，护肤液

A: Whether Iwin or lose is a lottery .
B: Are you sure there is nothing you can do to increase your chances ofwinning?
lottery
n.　１．抽彩给奖法；２．碰运气的事，难于算计的事

A: This is anunusual dish, what is the main ingredient?
B: It is made from lotus leaves.
lotus
n.　莲，莲花

A: They willannounce the match results over the loudspeaker .
B: We had better pay more attention then.
loudspeaker
n. 扬声器，喇叭

A: Did yousee my scarf, Dad?
B: Yes, it is the lounge , near the TV.
lounge
n.　休息厅，休息室
vi.　１．（懒洋洋地）倚，（懒散地）躺；２．闲逛，闲荡

A: The brakeson my bike are not working.
B: Perhaps you need to lubricate them.
lubricate
vt.　使润滑

A: I justlanded a new lucrative job.
B: Great, would you like to share some of your hard earned cash with me?
lucrative
a.　赚钱的，可获利的

A: I had toclose my shop. Business had lulled .
B: That is such a shame.
lull
vt.　１．使安静，使入睡；２．缓和，减轻，哄骗
n.　暂时的平息（或平静）

A: I willhave to lumber a clearing in the forest.
B: Oh, are you sure it is necessary to cut down the trees?
lumber
vi.　笨拙地移动，缓慢吃力地移动
vt.　拖累，使陷入困境
n.　１．（堆放着的）家用废旧杂物；２．木材，不料，锯制板

A: The roomwas luminous with the light.
B: It must have looked beautiful, especially in the evening.
luminous
a.　发光的，发亮的，光明的

A: I’d like to make a lunar landing some day.
B: I’dalso love to visit the moon.
lunar
a.　月的，月球的

A: Why didyou move to the city?
B: I was lured by the bright lights.
lure
vt.　吸引，引诱，诱惑
n.　１．吸引力，诱惑物；２．诱饵，鱼饵

A: You have astrong lust for power.
B: Yes, I consider myself ambitious.
lust
n.　１．（强烈的）性欲，淫欲
vi. (after, for)　对．．．有强烈的欲望

A:Shakespeare wrote exceptional lyric poetry.
B: I agree, his work is amazing, Jack.
lyric
a.　抒情的
n.　［常pl.］歌词

M

A: Has the case been closed yet?
B: No, the magistrate still needs to decide the outcome.
magistrate
n.　地方行政官，地方法官，治安官

A: I am unableto read the small print in the book.
B: It seems you need to magnify it.
magnify
vt.　１．放大，扩大；２．夸大，夸张

A: That was aterrible storm.
B: Indeed, but it is too early to determine the magnitude of the damage.
magnitude
n.　１．重要性，重大；２．巨大，广大

A: A youngfair maiden like you shouldn’t be single.
B: That is because I am a young fair independent maiden.
maiden
n.　少女，年轻姑娘，未婚女子
a.　首次的，初次的

A: You look majestic sitting on that high chair.
B: Yes, I am pretending to be the king!
majestic
a.　雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，高贵的

A: Please cookme dinner now.
B: Yes, your majesty, I’m at your service.
majesty
n.　 １．［Ｍ－］陛下（对帝王，王后的尊称）；２．雄伟，壮丽，庄严

A: Doctor, Itraveled to Africa and I think I caught malaria.
B: Did you take any medicine as a precaution?
malaria
n.　 疟疾

A: I hateyou!
B: Why are you so full of malice?
malice
n.　恶意，怨恨

A: I’m afraid that the test results have comeback and your lump is malignant.
B: That means it’sserious, doesn’tit, doctor?
malignant
a.　１．恶性的，致命的；２．恶意的，恶毒的

A: I’m going shopping in the mall this afternoon, want to join me?
B: No, thanks, I have plans already.
mall
n.　（由许多商店组成的）购物中心

A: That childlooks very unhealthy.
B: Yes, he does not have enough to eat. He is suffering from malnutrition.
malnutrition
n.　营养不良

A: Whatdistinguishes mammals from other animals, teacher?
B: Mammals feed their young on milk.
mammal
n. 哺乳动物

A: I was ableto park the car in one single maneuver.
B: Well done, you have improved.
maneuver
n. 1．谨慎而熟练的动作；２．策略，花招；３．［pl.］演习
vt.　１．设法使变动位置；２．（敏捷或巧妙地）操纵，控制
vi.　１．设法变动位置；２．用策略，耍花招

A: Are youtelling me you saw a ghost?
B: Yes, it manifested itself on me during the night.
manifest
a.　明显的，显然的，明了的
vt.　１．显示，表明，证明；２．使显现，使显露

A: I’m not able to untie this knot.
B: If you manipulate the knot a bit more you may be able toopen it.
manipulate
vt.　１．操纵，控制，影响；２．（熟练地）操作，使用

A: I justbought the new house.
B: That is too big to be a house. It is a mansion.
mansion
n.　大厦，（豪华的）宅邸

A: Idiscovered an ancient manuscript.
B: Are you going to donate it to the library?
manuscript
n.　１．手稿，原稿，底稿；２．手写本

A: What typeof tree is that?
B: I think it is a maple
maple
n.　槭树，枫树，槭木

A: I reallydislike Stephanie.
B: Don’ttry to mar me with your negative impressions of herbefore I even meet her.
mar
vt.　破坏，毁坏

A: I’m getting a new fireplace installed.
B: Is it the marble one you had your eye on?
marble
n.　１．大理石；２．（用玻璃、石头等制成的）弹子；３．［pl.］弹子游戏

A: The mare is expecting her foal in three weeks.
B: Oh! I thought a mare was a male horse,silly me!
mare
n.　母马，母驴

A: Did you dowell in the exam, Sir?
B: Yes, you only made some marginal errors.
marginal
a.　１．微小的，少量的，不重要的；２．仅以微弱多数票获胜的；３．记（或引）在页边的，有旁注的

A: Have youever smoked marijuana?
B: No, I have never tried drugs.
marijuana
n.　大麻，大麻烟

A: What isyour marital status?
B: I am married.
marital
a.　婚姻的，夫妻的

A: I’m going to visit the maritime museum this afternoon.
B: I assume that it is the one by the sea.
maritime
a.　１．海的，海事的，航海的；２．近海的，海的

A: It rainedso much. My garden is like a marsh.
B: Don’tworry, it will dry out soon.
marsh
n.　沼泽，湿地

A: I was a marshal in the army for 11 years.
B: Gosh, that is a high rank, you must have worked hard to get there.
marshal
n.　１．元帅，最高指挥官；２．（某些群众活动的）总指挥，司仪；３．（美国的）执法官，警察局长，消防队长
vt.　整理，排列，集结

A: I readthat the ancient Romans were martial people.
B: I’mnot sure if they were inclined to war.
martial
a.　战争的，军事的，武术的

A: The sunsetis amazing.
B: Yes, I am sitting here marveling at it rightnow.
marvel
vi. (at)　惊叹，赞佩
vt.　对．．．感到惊异
n.　令人惊异（或不可思议）的事，奇迹

A: That girllooks particularly masculine.
B: Maybe it is because she lifts weights.
masculine
a.　１．男性的，男子的；２．男子气的

A: Shall I mash your potatoes?
B: No, thanks, I like them whole.
mash
vt. (up)　把．．．捣成糊状
n.　糊状物

A: Thesoldiers massacred each other with gunfire during the war.
B: Do you know how many people were killed?
massacre
vt.　１．大规模屠杀，残杀；２．彻底击败
n.　１．大屠杀，残杀；２．（比赛等）残败

A: I had awonderful body massage last night.
B: Was it painful?
massage
n.　按摩，推拿
vt.　给．．．按摩

A: What flagis that hoisted on the mast?
B: It is the national flag. Don’t you recognize it?
mast
n.　１．船桅，桅杆，旗杆；２．天线杆

A: Your bookis a masterpiece, well done.
B: Thanks, I hope that the publishers think so , too.
masterpiece
n.　杰作

A: I wouldlove to have a baby soon.
A: That sounds like your maternal instinctstalking!
maternal
a.　１．母亲的，母亲般的；２．母系的，母方的

A: Did youput your money in the bank?
B: No, I hid it under the mattress.
mattress
n.　褥垫，床垫

A: I lovewalking in the meadows in spring.
B: Me too, the fields are best at that time of year.
meadow
n.　草地

A: Mybrothers are having a serious argument.
B: Are you going to mediate in the hopeof solving it?
mediate
vi. (in, between)　调解，周旋
vt.　１．经调解解决；２．经周旋促成

A: I visitedseveral medieval castles while in France.
B: So that means they date from the Middle Ages, correct?
medieval
a.　中世纪的，中古（时代）的

A: I try topractice meditation at least once a day.
B: Oh, I can never sit still for long periods.
meditation
n.　１．默想，默念；２．沉思，冥想，沉思录

A: Why areyou looking so melancholy, Rory?
B: I just lost my job.
melancholy
a.　忧郁的，使人忧郁的，悲伤的
n.　忧郁，悲伤

A: Theatmosphere at the party was exceptionally mellow.
B: Yes, all the guests were very relaxed.
mellow
a.　１．（颜色或声音）柔和的；２（水果）熟透的，甘美多汁的，（酒）芳醇的；３．成熟的，老练的，稳健的；４．高兴的，微醉的
v.　１．（使）变得柔和；２．（使）成熟；３．（使）变得香醇

A: Sing alongto this melody.
B: I would, but I haven’t a note in my head.
melody
n.　１．旋律，曲调；２．悦耳的音乐

A: Would youlike to try some melon?
B: I’dlove to, is it sweet?
melon
n.　瓜，甜瓜

A: Does Kellyknow where to meet us?
B: Yeah, I left a memo for her.
memo
n.　备忘录

A: You havehad such an interesting life, you should write your memoirs.
B: I’vealready started them.
memoir
n.　１．［pl.］回忆录，自传；２．记事录

A: Do we haveto memorise the whole poem, Sir?
B: No, only the first two verses.
memorise
v.　记住，熟记

A: Get outfrom the kitchen, you are such a menace.
B: Sorry, I was only trying to help.
menace
n.　１．具有危险性的人（或物）；２．威胁，威吓
vt.　威胁，威吓

A: I do notunderstand Robin’s mentality.
B: Yeah, she has some strange ideas sometimes.
mentality
n.　心态，思想方法

A: All of themerchandise in the shop is half price today.
B: Oh, let’sgo in!
merchandise
n.　［总称］商品，货物
vt.　买卖，经营

A: Becareful, there is mercury in the thermometer.
B: Don’tworry, I will be careful.
mercury
n.　１，水银，汞；２［Ｍ－］［罗神］墨丘利

A: I thinkour ideas are beginning to merge.
B: I think that is because we have spent so much time together.
merge
v.　（使）结合，（使）合并，（使）合为一体

A: Can youbring this note to your Mum?
B: No, I am not your messenger.
messenger
n.　送信人，信使

A: This caris a little more expensive because of the metallic paint.
B: I think it is worth is though.
metallic
a.　１．金属的，金属制的；２．有金属特性的，像金属的

A: Now,please pick out the main metaphors in the poem.
B: Can you give us a clue, teacher?
metaphor
n.　１．隐喻；２．象征

A: You arevery methodical.
B: I just like to be organized.
methodical
a.　１．有条理的，井然的；２．办事有条不紊的

A: You were meticulous about the details of our trip.
B: I just wanted everything to go smoothly.
meticulous
a.　极其仔细的，一丝不苟的

A: Shall wetake the bus?
B: No, the metro will be quicker.
metro.
n.　地铁

A: Did youreport the crime?
B: Yeah, straight away to the metropolitan police.
metropolitan
a.　大城市的，大都会的

A: You are agreat violinist.
B: I agree, I think we have a star in our midst.
midst
n.　中部，中间，当中
in the midst of 　１．在．．．之中；２．正当．．．的时候

A: I ammaking a film about migrant workers inthe city.
B: That will be so interesting. I can’t wait to see it when it is finished.
migrant
n.　１．移居者，移民；２．候鸟，迁移动物

A: Thesebirds migrate south in the winter every year?
B: I’dlike to go to warmer places also!
migrate
vi.　１．（候鸟等）迁徙，移栖；２．移居（尤指移居国外），迁移

A: Eventhough this car is old, the mileage is not veryhigh.
B: I shall buy it so.
mileage
n.　１．里程，英里数；２．好处，利润

A: A militant　 group of reformers attempted to overthrowthe government.
B: Were they successful?
militant
　a.　激进的，好斗的
n.　激进分子，斗士

A: I want tobe a millionaire 　some day.
B: Well, you will either have to win the Lottery or work very hard.
millionaire
　n.　百万富翁，大富翁

A: Theflavours in this soup have mingled　 well.
B: Yes, it is delicious.
mingle
　vt.　使混合，使相混
vi.　１．相交往，相往来；２．混合起来，相混合

A: I bought aminiature 　house for my doll.
B: And when you are old enough you will be able to buy a normal sized one!
miniature
　a.　小型的，微小的
n.　１．微小的模型，缩影；２．微型画，微型人物像
in miniature　　小规模，小型

A: We willrent a minibus 　to take us to the match.
B: Are you sure we won’t all fit in a car?
minibus　
n.　小型公共汽车

A: Margaret,you always do the minimal　 amount of work.
B: Sorry, I will try harder from now on.
minimal
　a.　最小的，最低限度的

A: Shall Iturn the computer off?
B: No just minimize　 the current screen.
minimize
　vt.　１．使减少（或缩小）到最低限度；２．极力贬低，对．．．做最低估计

A: Would youlike a mint　?
B: No thanks, I have just brushed my teeth.
mint
　n.　１．薄荷；２．铸币厂
vt.　１．铸造（硬币）；２．创造（词，词组等）

A: I’m surprised to see you so soon after youraccident.
B: Yes, the doctors said I made a miraculous　 recovery.
miraculous
　a.　奇迹般的，不可思议的

A: I hope youare not up to mischief　 in there, Son.
B: No Dad, I’monly playing a video game.
mischief
　n.　１．恶作剧，胡闹，捣蛋；２．淘气，顽皮；３．损害，伤害，危害

A: Mygrandfather encountered a lot of misery 　during his lifetime.
B: Yes, I am glad that I was not born back them.
misery
　n.　１．痛苦，苦恼，苦难；２．悲惨的境遇，贫苦

A: It rainedheavily on my wedding day.
B: Oh, what a misfortune　!
misfortune
　n.　１．不幸，厄运，逆境；２．不幸事故，灾难，灾祸

A: Aside fromsome slight misgivings　, I think Mrs. Jones should have the job.
B: Actually I think she is perfect for it.
misgiving
　n.　疑虑，担忧，害怕

A: I waseducated in South Africa by some missionaries　.
B: Oh, what country were they from?
missionary　
n.　传教士

A: I thinkDavid has a mistress　.
B: No, he is happily married.
mistress
　n.　１．情妇；２．主妇，女主人

A: But I don’t want to do the washing up.
B: The sooner you stop moaning　, the quicker it will get done.
moan
　vi.　１．呻吟，呜咽；２．(about)抱怨，发牢骚
vt.　抱怨
n.　１．呻吟声，呜咽声；２．怨声，牢骚

A: I wasattacked by an angry mob 　onmy way home.
B: How terrible, were you hurt?
mob　
n.　暴民，乌合之众
vt.　成群围住，聚众袭击

A: How are wegoing to mobilize　 the masses?
B: It is certainly difficult to get them going, but we shall manage.
mobilize
　vt.　１．动员；２．调动，鼓动起
vi.　动员起来

A: How did herecover so quickly?
B: He mock　 his illness in the first place.
mock
　vt.　１．嘲笑，嘲弄；２．（为了取笑）模仿
vi.　嘲笑，嘲弄
a.　１．模拟的，演习的；２．假的，假装的

A: I haveonly two more modules　 to complete and then I have my degree.
B: Congratulations!
module
　n.１．组件，模块，模件；２．（航天器的）舱

A: On this momentous　 occasion I would like to thank all thosewho supported my cause.
B: There is no need to thank us.
momentous
　a.　重大的，重要的

A: Are you infavour of the monarchy　?
B: No, I don’tsupport the king or the queen.
monarchy
　n.　１．君主制，君主政体；２．君主国

A: How do Iget to your house?
B: Pass the monastery　 on the other side of the town and myhouse is the first on the right.
monastery
　n.　修道院，寺院

A: What doyou think of the new monetary　 union in Europe?
B: Oh, I think that it will be good for trade.
monetary
　a.　钱的，货币的，金融的

A: I met a monk　 on my travels.
B: Oh, did you visit a monastery?
monk　
n.　修道士，僧侣

A: The playwas excellent.
B: I agree, especially the long monologue 　performed by the main actress.
monologue
　n.　１．（别人简直无法插嘴的）滔滔不绝的话；２．（戏剧，电影等中的）独白

A: Mr. Daltonhas somewhat of a monopoly　 in the town.
B: Yes, he owns of the shops and restaurants.
monopoly
　n.　１．垄断，专卖；２．垄断物，垄断商品，专卖商品；３．独占，完全控制

A: Do youenjoy your work?
B: No, it is monotonous　.
monotonous
　a.　单调无聊的，毫无变化的

A: There are monsters　 under my bed, Mum.
B: Don’tbe silly, how would they fit?
monster　
n.　１．怪物；２．极其残酷的人；３．巨人，巨兽，巨大的东西
a.　巨大的，庞大的

A: I splitsome water on the carpet
B: Don’tworry, I’llmop　 it up later.
mop
　n.　１．拖把；２．蓬乱的头发
v.　１．用拖把拖洗；２．擦干
mop　 up　１．（用布等）擦去；２．扫荡，肃清；３．完成，结束

A: The filmwas uplifting.
B: Yes, it was good for my morale　.
morale
　n.　士气，斗志

A: Do youthink you have a strict set of principles?
B: Yes, I think I have a strong sense of morality　.
morality
　n.　１．道德，（行为等的）道德性；２．德行，品行

A: Becareful, that is dangerous.
B: Oh, we are all mortals　 and have to die at some stage or another.
mortal
　a.　１．终有一死的；２．致命的；３．你死我活的，不共戴天的
n.　人

A: Did youbuy your house with cash?
B: Not at all, I had to take out a huge mortgage　.
mortgage
　n.　抵押，抵押借款
vt.　抵押

A: The drainsare not working.
B: They must be filled with moss　again, I will clear them.
moss
　n.　藓类植物，苔藓

A: Shall westay in a hotel?
B: No, let’ssave money and stay in a motel　.
motel.
　n.　汽车旅馆

A: There is ahole in your sweatshirt.
B: Oh, it was eaten by moths　.
moth
　n.　蛾

A: Do youdrive a car?
B: No, but I can ride a motorcycle　.
motorcycle
　n.　摩托车

A: What wasthe motto 　of your school?
B: I’mnot sure if it had one.
motto
　n.　箴言，格言，座右铭

A: The castlewas built on the top of the mound 　overlooking the village.
B: I assume they did that for protection.
mound
　n.　１．土墩，沙土堆；２．（一）堆，（一）垛

A: It hasbeen a long time since your father passed away.
B: Yes, but I’mstill in mourning.
mourn
v. １．哀悼；２．（对．．．）感到痛心（或遗憾）

A: Have youever grown a beard?
B: No, but I did have a moustache　 once.
moustache
　n.　八字须

A: The grassis getting long.
B: Well, it is about time that you mowed　it then.
mow
　v.　割（草）
mow　 down　大量杀伤，扫杀，摧毁

A: Don’t come into the house with muddy　 shoes.
B: OK, I’lltake them off now.
muddy
　a.　１．泥泞的，沾满烂泥的；２．（光，色泽）灰暗的，暗淡的；３．模糊的，糊涂的
vt.　１．使沾上烂泥；２．使（形势，争端等）显得扑朔迷离

A: You are asslow as a mule　.
B: You are no spring chicken yourself.
mule
　n.　１．骡子；２．［pl.］拖鞋；３．十分固执的人

A: Are youplanning to feed the multitudes　 with this meal?
B: Yes, I cook rather a lot.
multitude
　n.　１．大量，许多；２．［the ~］大众，民众
a multitude /multitudes　of　许多，大量

A: Did youhear what Mandy said?
B: No, she was mumbling　.
mumble
　v.　含糊地说（话），咕哝
n.　咕哝，含糊的话（或声音）

A: I am goingto see an exhibition in the municipal 　gallery tomorrow.
B: Oh, can I join you?
municipal　
a.　市的，市政的

A: The roomwas so silent you could hear a pin drop.
B: You mean there was not even a murmur　.
murmur
　v./ n.　１．小声说（话）；２．小声抱怨，咕哝；３．（微风，流水等）发出连续而低沉的声音

A: You arelooking incredibly muscular　.
B: Oh, thanks, I have been going to the gym five times a week.
muscular
　a.　１．肌肉发达的，强壮的；２．（有关）肌肉的

A: Do youfollow any particular religion?
B: Yes, I am a Muslim　.
Muslin
　n.　穆斯林
a.　穆斯林的，伊斯兰教信徒的

A: Would youlike any sauce on your sandwich?
B: Do you have any mustard?
mustard
n.　１．芥末；２．芥菜

A: Afterwitnessing the accident my brother was mute　 for three years.
B: And why did he start to speak again?
mute　
a.　１．缄默的，无声的；２．哑的，不会说话的；３．（字母）不发音的
vt.　消除（声音），减轻（声音）

A: He muttered　 the answer into my ear but I still wasunable to hear him.
B: You should have asked him to repeat it more clearly.
mutter
　v./ n.　轻声低语，小声抱怨

A: Is thischicken or beef?
B: Neither, it is mutton　.
mutton
　n.　羊肉

A: My dog bita young child once.
B: Is that why he now wears a muzzle　?
muzzle　
n.　１．（四足动物的）鼻口部；２．（防止动物咬人的）口套；３．枪口，炮口
vt.　１．使缄默，钳制．．．言论；２．给（狗等）戴口套

A: There are myriad　 reasons why I should not go on holidaysnow.
B: But there is one reason why you should, me!
myriad
　a.　无数的
n.　无数，极大数量

A: Myneighbour claims that she is a mystic　.
B: Do you think that she actually has magical powers?
mystic
　n.　神秘主义者
a.　１．神秘的，玄妙的；２．神秘主义（者）的

A: The moonlooks mystical 　tonight.
B: Perhaps that is because it is a full moon on a clear night.
mystical
　见 mystic
　
A: I want to study ancient mythology　.
B: What interests you in particular about the stories?
mythology
　n.　神话，神话学

Ｎ　

A: He has a very naive attitude towards works.
B: Yeah, he thinks that money grows on trees.
naive
a.　１．幼稚的，轻信的；２．天真的

A: I’m feeling a bit tired.
B: Why don’tyou have a quick nap?
nap
n. / vi　（尤指在白天）小睡，打盹
catch sb napping　１．发现某人在打瞌睡；２．使措手不及

A: Here is a napkin is case you spill your drink.
B: Oops, too late!
napkin
n.　餐巾

A: Did youenjoy the novel you just completed?
B: Yes, very much, the narrative wasexceptional.
narrative
n.　１．叙述文，故事；２．叙述，讲述

A: That is a nasty cold that you have.
B: Oh, it is getting better, you should have seen me last week!
nasty
a.　１．令人讨厌的，令人厌恶的；２．难弄的，困难的；３．严重的，恶劣的，险恶的；４．下流的，道德败坏的

A: My son isso naughty.
B: Don’tworry, he will grow up soon.
naughty
a.　１．顽皮的，淘气的；２．猥亵的

A: The rain necessitated that the concert was held indoors.
B: Oh, I did not realize that it had rained.
necessitate
vt.　使成为必要，需要

A: Have youseen my new necklace?
B: Yes, just below your chin, you are wearing it!
necklace
n.　项链

A: The schoolwas found guilty of negligence.
B: Was it closed down as a result?
negligence
n.　疏忽，粗心大意

A: Did youmake any progress in learning French this month?
B: Negligible, I did not work hard enough.
negligible
a. 可忽略不计的，微不足道的

A: Where isyour apartment?
B: Right beside the shop with the bright neonsign.
neon
n.　１．氖；２．氖灯，霓虹灯

A: What wouldyou like to do when you leave school?
B: I’dlove to be a newscaster on TV?
newscaster
n.　新闻播音员

A: They willbe showing a recent newsreel just beforethe film in the cinema.
B: Oh good, I have not seen the news for a long time.
newsreel
n. 新闻影片

A: Mum, can Ihave my pocket money please?
B: I haven’teven a nickel to give you this week.
nickel
n. １．镍；２．（美国和加拿大的）五分镍币，五分钱

A: Do youhave a nickname, Steven?
B: Well, my father calls me “pest”,if that counts!
nickname
n.　绰号
vt.　给．．．起绰号

A: Keith’s teeth are badly stained with nicotine.
B: Yes, he smokes a lot.
nicotine
n.　尼古丁

A: What wasthe score in the football match?
B: One- nil, to our team.
nil
n.　无，零

A: Did thecommittee do good work?
B: No, it was only nominal, I think themembers met only once.
nominal
a.　１．名义上的，有名无实的；２．（费用等）很少的，象征性的；３．名词性的

A: I am goingto nominate you to be the president of ourorganization.
B: Oh, thanks, I didn’t realize you thought so highly of me.
nominate
vt.　提名，任命

A: Eventhough Peter hurt his foot he nonetheless won the race.
B: Yeah, he has always been a determined athlete.
nonetheless
ad.　尽管如此，依然，然而

A: Whatusually happens at the end of one of these meetings?
B: I’mnot sure what the norm is.
norm
n.　１．标准，规范；２．［常pl.］准则

A: I spentthe afternoon looking at old photos.
B: That must have made you nostalgic.
nostalgic
a. 怀旧的，引起对往事怀恋的

A: Why aredragons said to have large nostrils?
B: So that they can blow fire through them.
nostril
n.　鼻孔

A: Mr. Hardymade a notable presentation at the conference.
B: Well, tell me the details then.
notable
a.　值得注意的，显著的，著名的
n.　名人，要人

A: Did youplay this piece at the concert?
B: No, I was unable to read the musical notation. It wasn’tprinted clearly.
notation
n.　１．记号，标记法；２．注释，记录

A: I am notorious for my bad spelling.
B: Yes, your teacher did mention it to me once.
notorious
a.　臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的

A: Notwithstanding the weather, we had a great day out.
B: Yeah, it is best not to let the rain spoil our plans.
notwithstanding
prep. / ad. 尽管

A: What areyou doing?
B: I am reading a book to nourish my mind.
nourish
vt.　１．养育，喂养，滋养；２．怀有（希望等），增强（希望等）

A: Mydaughter sleeps with her new shoes on.
B: Don’tworry, the novelty will wear off soon.
novelty
n.　１．新奇事物；２．新奇，新奇感，新奇性；３．新颖小巧而廉价的物品

A: What didyou think of the nude painting in the gallery?
B: I thought it was a masterpiece.
nude
a.　裸体的
n.　裸体画，裸体雕像

A: What isthe numerical value you would attach to happiness?
B: That is an impossible thing to give a figure to .
numerical
a.　数字的，用数字表示，数值的

A: My auntwants to become a nun.
B: She must be very religious.
nun　
n.　修女，尼姑

A: My plantsjust died.
B: That is because you didn’t nurture them. Plants are like children!
nurture
vt. / n.　养育，培育，滋养

A: I love alltypes of fruit.
B: Excellent, and they are so rich in nutrients.
nutrient
n. 营养品，滋养物
a.　营养的，滋养的

A: The youngchild looked very unwell.
B: Yes, I think he was lacking nutrition.
nutrition
n.　营养

O

A: What type of tree is that?
B: I think it is an oak tree. It is certainlylarge enough to be one.
oak
n. １．栎树，橡树；２．栎木，橡木

A: Oh no, I’ve dropped an oar .
B: We will have to swim to the shore now.
oar
n.　桨，橹

A: Pleasetell me the big secret.
B: Sorry, I took an oath and swore that Iwouldn't.
oath
n.　１．誓言，誓约；咒骂，诅咒语
on / under oath　 在法庭上宣过誓

A: My pupilsare so obedient , they always do their home work.
B: You are lucky, mine are terrible.
obedient
a.　服从的，顺从的

A: Roberttold an obscene joke last night.
B: Is it too rude to repeat to me?
obscene
a.　１．淫秽的，下流的；２．可憎的，可恶的

A: Did youunderstand the theatre performance?
B: No, it was too obscure for me.
obscure
a.　１．不著名的，不重要的；２．费解的，模糊不清的；３．隐藏的，偏僻的
vt.　使变模糊，掩盖

A: You arealways playing video games.
B: I know. I have an obsession.
obsession
n.　困扰，无法摆脱的思想（或情感）

A: Excuse me,but your car is obstructingthe entrance to myhome.
B: Oh, I’llmove it right away.
obstruct
vt.　１．阻塞，堵塞；２．阻碍，阻止，妨碍

A: Can I moveinto the apartment today?
B: No, you can have occupancy next week.
occupancy
n.　占有，使用，居住

A: What isthat terrible odour ?
B: Oh, sorry, it must be my socks.
odour
n.　气味

A: Beverleylooked stunning at the party.
B: Yes, her outfit was offset by herjewelry.
offset
vt.　补偿，抵消

A: Do youhave any offspring ?
B: Yes, I have three daughters.
offspring
n.　１．子女，子孙，后代；２．（动物的）崽

A: Do youlike olives ?
B: Yes, especially black ones in salad.
olive
n.　橄榄，橄榄树

A: Is thatglass clear?
B: No, it is opaque , that is why you are having difficultyseeing through it.
opaque
a.　１．不透明的，不透光的；２．难理解的，晦涩的

A: Women inthe old days were frequently oppressed by theirhusbands.
B: I am glad that times are changing.
oppress
vt.　１．压迫，压制；２．使（心情等）沉重，使烦恼

A: You wouldlike the blue car?
B: No, I think I’ll opt for the red one.
opt
vt. (for)　选择，挑选

A: Theweather will be wonderful tomorrow.
B: You are always filled with optimism .
optimism
n.　乐观，乐观主义

A: I study atmy optimum between eight and ten in the morning.
B: Oh, I work best in the evenings.
optimum
a.　最合适的，最优的，最佳的

A: Where didyou get the apples?
B: I picked them in the orchard down theroad.
orchard
n.　果园

A: I was in aserious car accident last year.
B: That must have been a terrible ordeal .
ordeal
n.　苦难经理，折磨，煎熬

A: I lovestudying science.
B: I orient more towards the Arts.
orient
vt.　１．使适应，使熟悉情况（或环境等）；２．（to ,toward）使朝向，以．．．为方向（目标）
n.　东方，亚洲（尤指远东），东半球

A: Oriental cuisine is my favourite.
B: Yes, I also love Chinese food.
oriental
a. 东方的，东方人的，东方文化的

A: I wasunable to find my orientationin the city.
B: You should have carried a map with you.
orientation
n.　１．方向，目标，方位；２．熟悉情况，适应，情况介绍

A: From wheredoes the guitar originate ?
B: Well, there are many types of guitar, so probably many countries.
originate
vi. (in,from,with)　起源于，来自，产生
vt.　创造，创始，开创

A: That is abeautiful ornament beside the TV.
B: Thanks, it was a gift from a friend.
ornament
n.　１．装饰品，点缀品；２．装饰，点缀
vt.　装饰，点缀，美化

A: I was an orphan until the age of seven.
B: Goodness, do you know what happened to your parents?
orphan
n.　孤儿
vt.　使成为孤儿

A: You lookvery unusual today.
B: Yes, I was tired with the orthodox.
orthodox
a.　１．传统的；２．正统的，正宗的

A: I was ousted from the number one position.
B: But you will have a chance to win it back, don’t worry.
oust
vt.　１．驱逐；２．罢免，把．．．撤职（以取而代之）

A: There wasan outbreak of skin disease in my town.
B: Oh, did you contract it?
outbreak
n.　（战争、情感、火山等的）爆发，（疾病，虫害等的）突然发生

A: That is abeautiful outfit you are wearing.
B: Thanks , I got it specially made for this occasion.
outfit
n.　１．（用于某种场合的）全套服装；２．（协同工作的）一组人；３．全套装备，全套工具

A: Let’s go on an outing .
B: OK, where would you like to go?
outing
n.　远足，郊游，短途旅行，外出参观（或看戏等）

A: I saw afilm about outlaw in the Wild West.
B: Oh, I hate those types of movies.
outlaw
n. 歹徒，亡命之徒
vt.　宣布．．．为不合法

A: There willbe outrage if I am home late again.
B: Don’tworry, they won’tget angry.
outrage
n.　１．义愤，愤慨；２．暴行，骇人听闻的事件
vt.　激起．．．的义愤，激怒

A: Who wonthe match?
B: There was no outright winner. It was a draw.
outright
ad.　１．坦率地，直率地，无保留地；２．完全地，彻底地；３．立即，当场
a.　１．清楚的，无疑的，明白无误的；２．完全的，彻底的

A: Do youlive in the centre of the town?
B: No, just on the outskirts .
outskirts
n.　外围地区，郊区，郊外

A: My librarybooks are five days overdue .
B: Oh, will you have to pay a fine?
overdue
a.　１．过期的，到期未付的；２．早该有的，迟到的，延误的

A: The bathis overflowing !
B: Oh no, I forgot that I had one running.
overflow
vt.　１．满得外溢，外流，泛滥；２．(with)充满，洋溢　
vt.　淹没，从．．．中溢出，多得使无法容纳
n.　１．容纳不下的物（或人）；２．溢出，满出；３．溢流口，溢流管

A: Excuse me.I couldn’thelp but overhear , but I think I am the person you arelooking for.
B: What a coincidence!
overhear
vt.　无意中听到，偷听到

A: It is ashame that our holidays don’t overlap .
B: Indeed, I would love to go on holidays with you.
overlap
v.　１．（与．．．）部分重叠；２．（与．．．）部分相同
n.　重叠，重叠的部分

A: Did youmake it to the other side of the mountain?
B: No, the overpass was blocked.
overpass
n.　天桥，立交桥

A: My commentoverrides my previous statement.
B: You are always changing your mind.
override
vt.　１．不顾，不理睬，否决；２．压倒，优先于

A: Hisdislike for me was overt .
B: Oh, he did not make it that obvious.
overt
a.　公开的，不隐蔽的

A: I amplanning to overthrow the government.
B: That is a big plan. you will need help.
overthrow
vt.　１．推翻，打倒；２．使终止，屏弃
n.　倾覆，终止，结束

A: Our car overturned when it hit the tree.
B: Was anyone injured?
overturn
vt.　１．使翻转，使倾覆，使倒下；２．颠覆，推翻
vi.　倾覆，翻转，翻倒

A: Were yousurprised by the gift?
B: Yes, I was completely overwhelmed .
overwhelm
vt.　１．（感情上）使受不了，使不知所措；２．征服，制服

A: I have an overwhelming need to sleep right now.
B: Well, what is keeping you from having a rest?
overwhelming
a.　１，势不可挡的，压倒的；２．巨大的

A: What isthat bird?
B: I think it is an owl .
owl.
n.　猫头鹰

A: Is water atype of oxide ?
B: Yes, as it contains oxygen.
oxide
n.　氧化物

A: Do youenjoy eating oysters ?
B: I have never tasted them.
oyster
n.　牡蛎

A: Did youhear that the hole in the ozone is increasingin size?
B: Yes, it is a shame.
ozone
n.　臭氧

 P

A: You don’t seem to be arguing with your brotheranymore.
B: No, we made a pact not to argue anymore.
pact
n.　契约，协定，条约

A: Shall wego canoeing on the river?
B: We could, but I’ve lost the paddle.
paddle
n.　１．短桨，桨；２．涉水
vi.　１．划桨前进，荡桨；２．涉水
vt.　１．用桨（划）船；２．用木板打

A: I’m looking for some information about yourorganization.
B: All the details that you will need are contained in this short pamphlet.
pamphlet
n.　小册子

A: Did yousee the pandas at the zoo?
B: Yes, but they were sleeping.
panda
n.　熊猫

A: I’ve been having hunger pangs.
B: Why don’tyou buy something to eat then?
pang
n.　一阵（剧痛，悲痛等）

A: Do youhave a good view from your window?
B: Yes, the panorama of the mountains is wonderful.
panorama
n.　１．全景；２．概括，综述，概观

A: Why areyou panting?
B: I just ran up the stairs.
pant
vi.　１．喘，气喘；２．(for)渴望
vt.　气喘吁吁地说
n.　气喘，喘息

A: Did youread Mr. Doyle’snew novel?
B: Not yet, I’mgoing to wait until it comes out in paperback.
paperback
n.　平装本，简装本

A: I’ve jumped out of a plane twice.
B: I assume that you were wearing a parachute.
parachute
n.　降落伞
vi.　跳伞
vt.　伞投，空投

A: I lived on a tropical island for one year.
B: It must have been paradise.
paradise
n.　天，乐园

A: Peter is aparadox to me.
B: Yes, I find his actions very confusing also.
paradox
n.　１．似乎矛盾而（可能）正确的说法；２．自相矛盾的人（或事物）

A: Paul was paralysed form the waist down.
B: Oh, how terrible! Was he in an accident?
paralyse
vt.　１．使瘫痪，使麻痹；２．使丧失作用；３．使惊愕，使呆若木鸡

A: I can’t understand these math equations.
B: OK, I will help. Firstly, what are the parameters?
parameter
n.　１．［常pl.］界限，范围；２．参数

A: I have toborrow more money from my parents.
B: Do you feel like a parasite?
parasite
n.　１．寄生生物；２．寄生虫

A: We arehaving afternoon tea in the parlour if you wouldlike to join us.
B: Yes, that would be splendid.
parlour
n.　１．（出售某些商品或提供某种服务的）店，馆，院；２．客厅室

A: Stoprepeating everything that I say.
B: I am pretending to be a parrot!
parrot
n.　鹦鹉

A: As a participant in the project, you will be required to attend thesessions twice a week.
B: No problem, but are there any other requirements?
participant
n.　参加者，参与者

A: Are you amember of a political party?
B: No, I do not get involved in partisan politics.
partisan
a.　党派的，派性的，偏袒的
n.　１．党徒，忠实的追随者；２．（敌后）游击队员

A: I thoughtthis room was bigger.
B: Oh, we put up a partition last week.
partition
n.　１．分隔物，隔墙；２．分割，划分
vt.　隔开，分割，瓜分

A: I amentering into a new business partnership.
B: Oh, with whom?
partnership
n.　合伙（关系），合伙经营（的企业），合伙人身份

A: I am passionate about reading.
B: Yes, I always see you with your head in a book.
passionate
a.　１．多情的；２．充满激情的，激昂的；３．热切的，强烈的

A: What isyour favourite pastime?
B: Well, I really enjoy swimming.
pastime
n.　消遣，娱乐

A: This applepie is delicious.
B: I agree, I think it must be the pastry.
pastry
n.　油酥面团，酥皮糕点

A: How manycows do you have on your pasture?
B: Oh, I am not a dairy farmer.
pasture
n.　牧草地，牧场
vt.　放牧

A: I havecome up with a new invention.
B: You better patent it quickly, in case someone steals youridea.
patent
n.　专利，专利权
a.　（有关）专利（权）的，受专利保护的
vt.　得到．．．的专利权

A: I got a pathetic result in the exam.
B: But at least you still passed.
pathetic
a.　１．差劲的，令人生厌的；２．引起怜悯的，可怜的，可悲的

A: Do youcelebrate your national day each year?
B: No, I’mnot a patriot.
patriot
n.　爱国者，爱国主义者

A: I alwaysfeel so patriotic when my country is playing aninternational match.
B: Yes, it is strange what football can do!
patriotic
a.　爱国的，有爱国心的，显示爱国精神的

A: Patrols are requested to keep noise to a minimum after 10pm.
B: Isn’tthat a bit early for a hotel?
patrol
v.　（在．．．）巡逻，巡查
n.　１．巡逻，巡查；２．巡逻兵，巡逻队

A: Please donot patronize me.
B: I wasn’t, I was trying to compliment you.
patronize
vt.　１．以高人一等的态度对待；２．经常光顾，惠顾；３．赞助

A: I am gettingmy driveway paved tomorrow.
B: That must be expensive.
pave
vt.　铺（路），铺筑
pave the way (for)　（为．．．）铺平道路，（为．．．）做准备

A: How manypeople do you have on your payroll?
B: Well, I employ twenty people in total.
payroll
n.　１．工资表，在职人员名单；２．工薪总额

A: Would youlike a peanut?
B: No thanks, do you have any fruit instead?
peanut
n.　１．花生；２．［pl.］很少的钱

A: Yournecklace is beautiful.
B: Thanks, it is made from pearls.
pearl
n.　１．珍珠；２．珠状物；３．珍品

A: Oh, I haveto stop walking, I have a pebble in my shoe.
B: That must be uncomfortable.
pebble
n.　卵石，小圆石

A: Did hegive you a kiss?
B: Well, just a peck on the cheek.
peck
vt.　１．啄；２．匆匆轻啄
vi.　啄食；２．(at)小口地吃
n.　１．啄；２．匆匆的一吻；３．(谷物等的干量单位)配克

A: Sorry, I’m late, I lost pedalon my bike.
B: Oh, don’tworry. Were you still able to cycle here?
pedal
n.　踏板，踏脚
vi.　踩踏车，骑车
vt.　脚蹬，踩一的踏板

A: Thisstreet is perfect for pedestrians.
B: Yes, cars are only allowed access in the late evening.
pedestrian
n.　步行者，行人

A: Could you peel my orange for me? I hate doing it!
B: Certainly, it would be my pleasure.
peel
vt.　削．．．的皮，剥．．．的壳
vi.　剥落，脱皮
n.　（水果等的）皮，外皮
peel off 　剥掉，脱去

A: There issomeone peeping through the curtains.
B: Quick, close them!
peep
vi.　１．窥视，偷看；２．隐现，慢慢露出
n. １．窥视；２．（汽车喇叭的）嘟嘟声；３．（鼠，小鸟等的）吱吱声

A: Did youhang the clothes on the washing line?
B: Not all of them, I ran out of pegs.
peg
n.　１．小钉，栓，挂物钉；２．桩
vt.　１．用钉子钉，用钉（或桩等）固定；２．限定（价格，工资等）；３．将．．．看成，将．．．归入；４．投（球）等
peg away at　坚持不懈地做

A: If you arelate again I will have to penalize.
B: Oh, please don’tpunish me.
penalize
vt.　１．使处于不利地位，不公平地对待；２．罚款

A: Are youbusy at the moment?
B: Yes, very, I have five jobs pending.
pending
prep.　直到，在等待．．．期间
a.　１．未决的，未定的，待定的；２．即将发生的，迫近的

A: The oldclock has stopped working.
B: Oh, the pendulum sometimes gets stuck.
pendulum
n.　１．摆，钟摆；２．摇摆不定的事态（或局面）

A: I amwearing only black and white. I look like a penguin.
B: Don’tbe silly, I think you look beautiful.
penguin
n.　企鹅

A: Is yournew house by the coast?
B: Yes, it is on the peninsula, just by thebeach.
peninsula
n.　半岛

A: The birdhas not moved from its perch all day.
B: It must be very tried!
perch
n.　１．（鸟类的）栖息处，栖枝，栖木；２．高处，较高的位置；３．鲈鱼
v.　１．（鸟）飞落，暂栖，停留；２．（在较高处或物体边缘）坐着
vt.　把．．．置于较高或危险处

A: You didyour homework to perfection, well done.
B: Thanks, I worked for a long time on it.
perfection
n.　完美，完善
to perfection　完美地，尽善尽美地，完全地

A: You smellbeautifully.
B: Thanks, it must be my new perfume.
perfume
n.　香水，香料，香气
vt.　１．使充满芳香；２．洒香水于

A: You enterthe car race at your own peril.
B: Don’tworry, I will be careful.
peril
n.　１．极大危险；２．［常pl.］危险的事（或环境）
at one’speril　（尤用于告诫某人勿做某事）自担风险

A: Do youknow the chemical symbol of gold?
B: No, you better check the periodic table.
periodic
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的

A: I have anarticle published in a new periodical.
B: Oh, what is the name of the journal?
periodical
n.　期刊
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的

A: Johnnearly perished on the mountain.
B: Who came to his rescue?
perish
vi.　１．丧生，毁灭，消亡；２．（橡胶，皮革等）失去弹性，老化

A: You alwaysdress according to the latest fashion trends.
B: Well, trends permeate quickly these days.
permeate
v.　１．弥漫，遍布，散布；２．渗入，渗透

A: Is smokingpermissible in this restaurant?
B: I’mnot sure, you better check with the waiter.
permissible
a.　可允许的，许可的

A: I have a perpetual headache.
B: You better go to see a doctor about that. It does not sound healthy.
perpetual
a.　１．永久的，永恒的，长期的；２．无休止的，没完没了的

A: Did youunderstand the lecture?
B: No, I was perplexed, it was too complicated for me.
perplex
vt.　使困惑，使费解，使复杂化

A: Too manypeople have been persecuted because of war.
B: I agree, but unfortunately they continue to be so.
persecute
vt.　１．迫害，虐待；２．纠缠，骚扰

A: Don’t give up now, you are nearly there.
B: I intend to persevere.
persevere
vi.　坚持不懈，锲而不舍

A: Every weekSimon asks me out on a date.
B: Gosh, he is very persistent.
persistent
a.　１．坚持不懈的，执意的；２．持续的

A: Do youfollow any religion?
B: I’mof no particular persuasion .
persuasion
n.　１．说服（力），劝说；２．信念，信仰

A: Has thecase been closed yet?
B: No, we are waiting for the documents pertaining to the case to arrive.
pertain
vi. (to)　从属，有关

A: Was theinformation that I gave you of any use?
B: Yes, it was pertinent , thank you.
pertinent
a.　有关系的，相关的

A: Do youlike dogs?
B: No, I think they are pests .
pest
n.　１．有害生物，害虫；２．讨厌的人

A: Stop pestering me!
B: Sorry, I did not realize that you were busy.
pester
vt.　不断打扰，纠缠

A: As afarmer, I do not believe in using pesticides .
B: That is a wise decision, but it must give you a lot of extra work.
pesticide
n.　沙虫剂，农药

A: Look atthe colour of those petals .
B: Oh yes, the flowers are beautiful.
petal
n.　花瓣

A: Will youplease sign my petition ?
B: It depends what it is about.
petition
n.　请愿书，申请书，诉状
v.　（向．．．）请愿，正式请求

A: There hasbeen an increase of petty crime in my region.
B: Oh, I heard about the car thefts.
petty
a.　１．小的，琐碎的，不重要的；２．气量小的，心胸狭窄的

A: Where canI get some medicine for my cold?
B: In the pharmacy , there is one around the corner.
pharmacy
n.　１．药房，药店；２．药剂学，配药

A: Doctor, Iam feeling very ill.
B: Well, tell me your physiological symptoms.
physiological
a.　生理的，生理学的

A: The postoffice workers are on strike .
B: Did they set up a picket outside the post office?
picket
n.　１．（罢工时的）纠察队，纠察队员；２．警戒队，警戒哨
vt.　１．在．．．设置纠察线；２．派．．．担任纠察，布置（警卫）警戒
vi.　担任纠察（或警戒哨）

A: The viewis exceptionally picturesque.
B: I agree, it is very beautiful.
picturesque
a.　１．美丽如画的；２．（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的

A: You weregone so long I thought you had fallen off the end of the pier .
B: No, I just stood and watched the boats leave the harbour.
pier
n.　（伸入水域的）码头，突堤

A: You sayyour prayers with great piety .
B: I’mquite devoted to my religion.
piety .
n.　虔诚，虔敬

A: This is aholy site.
B: How many pilgrims does it receive each year?
pilgrim
n.　１．朝圣者；２．（在国外的）旅行者，漫游者

A: What isyour favourite type of fruit?
B: I think it must be fresh pineapple .
pineapple
n.　凤梨，菠萝

A: Can you pinpoint the exact location of the building?
B: I’llhave to loot at a map.
pinpoint
vt.　１．准确描述，确定，确认；２．准确地确定．．．的位置
n.　针尖，尖端
a.　十分精确的

A: What areyou coming as to the fancy dress party?
B: A pirate , and you can be my parrot if you wish.
pirate
n.　１．非法盗印（或复制）者，侵犯版权者；２．海盗
vt.　１．以海盗方式抢劫，抢掠；２．盗用，非法盗印（或复制）

A: Do youknow how the victim was killed?
B: He was shot with a pistol .
pistol
n.　手枪

A: The enginehas stopped working.
B: Oh, the pistons must have seized.
piston
n.　活塞

A: I stayedup too late last night and I am now exhausted.
B: Well, that is one of the major pitfalls of staying uplate!
pitfall
n.　１．隐患，易犯的错误；２．陷阱，圈套

A: What wasyour favourite thing about your visit to Italy?
B: The pizza , it was fantastic.
pizza
n.　意大利馅饼，比萨饼

A: We arestudying about the great plague in historyclass.
B: Isn’tthat also called “TheBlack Death”?
plague
n.　１．瘟疫，鼠疫；２．灾难，祸患
vt.　使痛苦（或难受），给．．．造成困难（或麻烦）

A: Emma is asthick as two planks .
B: Don’tbe so cruel, I think she is quite intelligent actually.
plank
n.　１．厚木板（条）；２．政纲条目，政策要点

A: Was theremuch damage to your house during the storm?
B: No, just the plaster on the wall was cracked.
plaster
n.　１．灰浆，灰泥；２．石膏；３．橡皮膏，膏药
vt.　１．在．．．上抹灰泥，厚厚地涂抹；２．粘贴于，张贴于，贴满

A: Eventhough we are at a high altitude, I do not feel it.
B: That is because we are on a plateau , it can bedeceptive.
plateau
n.　１．高原；２．（上升厚的）稳定时期（或状态）

A: This time,please me a plausible excuse for being late.
B: Well Sir, I still don’t think that you will believe me.
plausible
a.似有道理的，似乎正确的，貌似可信的

A: We aresending out a plea for donations to our charity.
B: Oh, I will respond to that.
plea
n.1.恳求，请求
2.抗辩，答辩，辩护
3.借口，托辞

A: Mum,please, please can I stay up late tonight.
B: Despite how much you plead , the answer is still“No”.
plead
vi.1.恳求，请求
2.申诉，答辩，辩护
vt.1.为……辩护
2.提出……为理由（或借口）

A: Hesuffered a terrible plight during thewar.
B: Yes, his story was horrific.
plight
n.困境，苦境

A: Could youplease pluck the feathers off the chicken?
B: Oh, I hate that job, can someone else do it?
pluck
vt.1.拔，摘，采
2.拔除……的毛
3.弹，拨，弹奏
vi.(at)拉，拽，拉扯
n.勇气，胆量，决心

A: These plums are delicious.
B: Yeah, we’vehad a great crop this year.
plum
n.李子，梅子
a.待遇好的

A: The tapsin the bathroom seem to be stuck again.
B: Oh, the plumber just fixed them last week.
plumber
n.管子工，水暖工

A: The plume on parrots is usually very colourful.
B: Yes, I particularly like the ones with red feathers.
plume
n.1.（升上空中的）一缕（烟、尘土等）
2.羽毛，羽饰

A: Look atthat plump little puppy.
B: Oh, he is so cute!
plump
a.丰满的，胖乎乎的
vi.1.(down)扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下
2.(for)选定
vt.1.使扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下
2.(up)轻轻拍打使（枕头等）变得鼓起来

A: Manyhouses were plundered during the war.
B: Yes, law and order were broken down.
plunder
vt.劫掠……的财物，掠夺
n.1.劫掠物，赃物
2.劫掠，抢夺

A: That is anasty cough that you have.
B: I think it may be pneumonia .
pneumonia
n.肺炎

A: The filmwas very poignant . It showed the horrors of war.
B: I’mnot sure if I’llbe strong enough to watch it.
poignant
a.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的

A: Did Lindagive a good presentation at the conference?
B: Yes, she was full of poise and confidence.
poise
n.1.稳重，镇定
2.（优美）姿势，姿态
3.平衡，平稳
vt.使平衡，使平稳，平稳地拿

A: Stop poking me in the sides.
B: I was just trying to make you laugh!
poke
vt.1.戳，捅
2.用……戳（或捅），把……戳向
3.伸出，突出
vi.伸出，突出
n.戳，捅
poke about/around
搜索，探问
poke fun at
拿……开玩笑，取笑
poke one's noseinto
探问，干预

A: Theweather is so cold it is almost polar .
B: Oh, it is not that bad!
polar
a.1.地极的，近地极的
2.磁极的
3.正好相反的，截然对立的

A: Is yourshirt make from cotton?
B: No, the fabric is man-made, it is polyester
polyester
n.聚脂（纤维），涤纶

A: Wake upand pay attention!
B: Oh, I was not sleeping, I was just pondering on your comments.
ponder
v.思索，考虑，沉思

A: I got a pony for my birthday.
B: Lucky you! Can I also learn how to ride it?
pony
n.矮种马，小马

A: Do we haveany popcorn ?
B: No, you’lljust have to watch the movie without it.
popcorn
n.爆玉米花，炒苞米

A: The Pope came to visit my country last year.
B: He must have drawn a large crowd.
pope
n.[常theP_]（天主教）教皇，罗马主教

A: Is thatvase made from porcelain ?
B: No, it is glass.
porcelain
n.瓷，瓷器

A: Where didyou put my umbrella?
B: In the porch to dry.
porch
n.门廊

A: I had acold shower to unblock my pores .
B: Yes, I have heard that cold water is good for the skin.
pore
n.毛孔，细孔
vi.(over)仔细阅读，审视

A: What doyou think this painting is trying to portray ?
B: I’mnot sure, let me have another look.
portray
vt.1.描写，描绘
2.扮演，饰演

A: Did youread the postscript on the letter?
B: No, I must not have read that far.
postscript
n.1.（信末签名后的）附言，又及
2.（正文后的）补充说明

A: You haveexcellent posture .
B: Thanks, I used to be a dancer.
posture
n.1.姿势，姿态
2.看法，态度
vi.摆出（不自然的）姿势，装模作样

A: Yourecovered from your illness quickly.
B: Yes, I took some potent medicine.
potent
a.1.（药等）效力大的，威力大的
2.强有力的，有说服力的

A: I madethis cup and bowl!
B: Oh, did you take a pottery class?
pottery
n.1.陶器，陶瓷器皿
2.陶器制造（术）
3.陶器厂

A: How manychickens do you have on your poultry farm.
B: Too many to count!
poultry
n.家禽，禽肉

A: Do youthink we can overcome the problem?
B: Well, we must look for a practicable solutionfirst.
practicable
a.可行的，适用的

A: How longhave you been a doctor?
B: I have been a practitionerfor five years.
practitioner
n.开业者（尤指医师、律师等）

A: Do youhave prairies in your country?
B: No, only large fields.
prairie
n.（尤指北美的）大草原

A: Does thisdish have meat in it?
B: Well, there are some prawns , do you eatfish?
prawn
n.对虾，明虾

A: Please don’t peach tome.
B: I wasn’t,I was just sharing my opinion.
preach
vt.1.宣讲（教义），布（道）
2.竭力鼓吹，宣传
vi.布道，说教

A: That clifflooks precarious .
B: Yes, so don’tgo near it.
precarious
a.1.不安全的，充满危险的
2.不牢靠的，不稳固的

A: Drinkswill precede the main meal.
B: So where shall we gather first?
precede
vt.在……之前，先于

A: The casewas historic.
B: Why, did it set a precedent ?
precedent
n.1.先例，范例，判例
2.惯例

A: Did Mr.Smith win the election?
B: No, he precipitated his downfall long ago.
precipitate
vt.1.（突如其来地）使发生，促成
2.使沉淀，使沉析
n.沉淀物
a.突如其来的

A: Did thecase reach a conclusion?
B: No, the lack of firm evidence precluded a finaldecision.
preclude
vt.阻止，排除，妨碍

A: Did youmeet your predecessors before entering this company?
B: No, they left before I arrived.
predecessor
n.1.前任，前辈
2.（被取代的）原有事物，前身

A: You rarelyagree with the majority.
B: Just because ideas are predominant , it does notmake them right.
predominant
a.1.占主导地位的，显著的
2.（在数量等方面）占优势的，占绝大多数的

A: What isthe prefix to your local telephone number?
B: I’mnot sure, you better check the phone book.
prefix
n.1.前缀
2.（人名前的）称谓
vi.1.加……作为前缀
2.把……置于前面

A: Whataspect of healthcare does your research focus on?
B: Early pregnancy and female attitudes towards childbirth.
pregnancy
n.怀孕，怀孕期

A: I was asmaller than average child when I was born.
B: Why, were you premature ?
premature
a.1.比预期（或正常）时间早的
2.（做法等）不成熟的，仓促的

A: Who is thePremier in your country?
B: Oh, I can’tremember her name offhand.
premier
n.总理，首相
a.首要的，首位的，首次的

A: I’ve rented the premises for two years.
B: Do you think you will move away before then?
premise
n.1.[pl.]（企业、机构等使用的）房屋和地基，经营场址
2.前提，假设

A: Do you owna car?
B: No, I can’tafford the insurance premium .
premium
n.1.（投保人向保险公司支付的）保险金
2.额外费用，加付款
3.奖品，赠品，额外津贴
a.1.高级的，优质的
2.售价高的
at a premium
1.奇缺的，难得的
2.以超过一般的价格，以高价
put/place a premiumon
高度评价，重视

A: Did younotice the beautiful sunset last night?
B: No, I was preoccupiedwith other matters.
preoccupy
vt.使全神贯注，使入神

A: I can getthe medicines I need over the counter?
B: No, you will have to go to a doctor for a prescription .
prescription
n.1.规定，规定性的东西（如条例、指示、命令等）
2.处方，药方，（医生开的）药
3.解救方法，诀窍

A: Who will preside over the meeting?
B: Probably the president of the organization.
preside
vi.(at,over)主持，主管

A: I studiedat the top university in my country.
B: That must bring a lot of prestige .
prestige
n.威信，威望

A: You can presume I will be late for the meeting.
B: I will, you are always late
presume
vt.1.推测，假定，（没有证据地）相信
2.冒昧（做），擅（做）
3.认定，推定
vi.擅自行事
presume on
（不正当地）利用

A: Do you getalong well with David?
B: No, he is far too pretentious and is alwayspromoting himself.
pretentious
a.自命不凡的，自负的，炫耀的

A: I leftschool under the pretext that I had been offered a good job.
B: And do you now think it was a wise decision?
pretext
n.借口，托词

A: Theprevalent ideas are always the most popular.
B: That is why they are the prevalent idea, silly!
prevalent
a.流行的，普遍的

A: I think Ihave seen the film that you mentioned.
B: You can’thave. It has not even been previewed yet.
preview
n.1.（电影、戏剧等的）预映，预演，预先审查（或检查）
2.（电影等的）预告（片）

A: That is ahuge bird.
B: Yes, it must be some type of bird of prey ,perhaps an eagle.
prey
n.1.被捕食的动物，捕获物
2.受害者
v.1.(on)捕食
2.折磨，使烦恼
fall prey to
成为……的牺牲品，深受……之害

A: You arebleeding!
B: Oh, it is not serious, I just pricked my thumb on aneedle.
prick
vt.1.刺，扎，戳
2.刺痕，刺痛
3.使内心极度痛苦
vi.引起（或感到）刺痛
n.1.刺，扎，戳
2.刺痛
3.刺痕，刺孔
prick up one's ears
（使）竖起耳朵注意听，（使）立刻注意起来

A: Do youlike sharing a room with your sister?
B: No, I would prefer my own privacy .
privacy
n.1.（不受干扰的）个人自由
2.隐私，私生活，私事

A: What isthe probability of rain today?
B: Well, considering that it rains almost everyday here, I think the chancesare quite high.
probability
n.1.可能性，可能发生的事
2.概率
in all probability
十有八九，很可能

A: Was Gerardreleased from prison yet?
B: Yes, but just on probation at first.
probation
n.1.缓刑（期），（以观后效的）察看
2.试用（期），试读（期）

A: Stop probing into my affairs, they are personal.
B: Sorry, I was just curious.
probe
v.1.探索，查究，调查
2.用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测
n.1.探针，探测器
2.探索，调查

A: Did youfollow the proceeding of the case on the news?
B: Yes, and it was a fascinating trial.
proceedings
n.1.进程，过程，议程
2.诉讼，诉讼程序
3.会议录，公报

A: He proclaimed that he was the most famous man on the earth.
B: People must have thought he was mad!
proclaim
vt.1.宣告，宣布，声明
2.显示

A: Irenestarted playing the piano then she was just two.
B: She must have been a prodigy .
prodigy
n.奇才，天才（尤指神童）

A: Did youhave a productive day?
B: Yes, I did lots of work that I did not think I would get done.
productive
a.1.多产的，富饶的
2.富有成效的

A: We havedoubled the productivity of the factory in two years.
B: Wow, you all must have worked very hard.
productivity
n.生产力，生产率

A: I must profess my satisfaction with your work.
B: I am glad that you are pleased with my efforts.
profess
vt.1.表示，承认
2.宣称信仰

A: What levelof proficiency have you reached in French?
B: Oh, I am just a beginner.
proficiency
n.熟练，精通

A: I have toclose sown my business.
B: Why, I thought it was profitable .
profitable
a.有利可图的，有益的

A: That was aprofound book.
B: Yes, it made me think a great deal about the issues being discussed.
profound
a.1.深度的，深切的，深远的
2.知识渊博的，见解深刻的
3.深奥的

A: His ideas proliferated rapidly through the country.
B: Yes, he got a lot of help from the national press and media.
proliferate
vi.激增，扩散，（迅速）繁殖，增生

A: I amdeveloping a new drug to help prolong life.
B: I know a drug already, it is called exercise!
prolong
vt.延长，拉长，拖延

A: You have avery promising career ahead of you.
B: And I have you to thank for starting me off.
promising
a.有希望的，有前途的

A: You have abad cold again.
B: Yes, I have been terribly prone to illness thiswinter.
prone
a.1.(to)易于……的，很可能……的
2.俯卧的

A: The windowwill not stay open.
B: Here, prop it up with this stick.
prop
vt.支撑
n.1.支柱，支撑物
2.支持者，后盾，靠山
prop up
支持，资助

A: How wasthe government propaganda disseminated?
B: Through the newspapers and the TV.
propaganda
n.宣传

A: Did yougrow all of these plants from seed?
B: Yes, I propagated them indoors.
propagate
vt.1.繁殖，增殖
2.传播，宣传，使普及
vi.繁殖，增殖

A: Rebecca isa great tennis player.
B: Yes, she is able to propel the ballthrough the air at great speed.
propel
vt.1.推进，推动
2.激励，驱使

A: Do youbelieve in prophecy ?
B: No, I just live each day as it comes.
prophecy
n.预言，预言能力

A: Whofounded your religion?
B: A prophet from Iran.
prophet
n.1.先知
2.预言者

A: Vivienne,I have a proposition for you.
B: Go ahead, I am eager to hear it.
proposition
n.1.论点，主张
2.建议，提案
3.命题

A: Do youwrite only poetry?
B: No, I write some prose as well, mainly shortstories.
prose
n.散文

A: Was thethief arrested?
B: Yes, and he was prosecuted in the courtyesterday.
prosecute
vt.1.对……提起公诉，告发，检举
2.继续从事
vi.起诉，告发

A: Did youmeet your prospective employer yet?
B: I will when I start work on Monday.
prospective
a.预期的，未来的，可能的

A: They prospered when they moved to another country.
B: I ma glad to hear that they have done well.
prosper
vi.兴旺，繁荣，成功

A: Are you aChristian?
B: Yes, I am a protestant .
Protestant
n.新教徒
a.新教徒的

A: Did thefactory manufacture your car design?
B: No, they will make a prototype first andthen see how it works.
prototype
n.原型

A: Do youknow any old proverbs ?
B: No, I have a terrible memory.
proverb
n.谚语，俗语，格言

A: James isalways making provocativestatements.
B: Oh, he is just trying to attract attention.
provocative
a.1.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的
2.挑逗的

A: I live inclose proximity to my university.
B: Oh, that must be very convenient.
proximity
n.接近，邻近

A: Mr. Evansis always quite prudent with his comments.
B: Well, he does not want to offend, and so must be careful with what he says.
prudent
a.审慎的，小心谨慎的

A: I havebeen in the bath for too long.
B: Now you look like a prune .
prune
n.1.洋李，李子
2.修剪，修整
3.删除，削减

A: Stopreading my letters!
B: Oh, I wasn’tintending to pry , but you just left them on my desk.
pry
vi.窥探，刺探，打听
vt.1.撬动，撬开，撬起
2.费力地得到，使劲分开

A: I thinkChris is suffering from mental illness.
B: Yes, I think he needs to see a psychiatrist .
psychiatrist
n.精神科医生，精神病专家

A: What’s for pudding , Dad?
B: Would you like some ice-cream?
pudding
n.布丁

A: Becareful! Don’tstep in the puddle .
B: Oh, I did not see it , thanks.
puddle
n.（雨）水坑，泥潭

A: Have youever smoked a cigarette?
B: I just had a puff once.
puff
vi.1.喘气，喘息
2.一口一口地抽烟（或喷烟）
3.喷着烟（或蒸汽）移动
vt.1.边喷边吸（烟），抽（烟）
2.喷出，使一阵阵吹（或喷）
n.1.（抽）一口烟，（空气、烟雾等的）一股
2.喘气，喘息
puff out
使膨胀，使肿胀
puff up
肿起，肿胀，傲慢，自负，趾高气扬，盛气凌人

A: There isno need to beat the mixture to a pulp !
B: Oh, sorry, I wasn’t paying attention.
pulp
n.1.果泥，菜泥，酱
2.果肉，瓜瓤，植物的肉质部分
3.纸浆
4.低级书刊
a.低级的
vt.使成浆状

A: Would youlike some pumpkin for dinner?
B: I would prefer some potatoes please.
pumpkin
n.南瓜

A: Lisaenjoys playing with puppets .
B: So I noticed, but their strings keep knotting.
puppet
n.1.木偶
2.傀儡，受人操纵的人（或集团）

A: My dog hada litter of puppies last week.
B: Oh how cute, how many were in it?
puppy
n.小狗，幼犬

A: Was yourbook published?
B: Yes, after it had been purged of all theinteresting material.
purge
vt.清洗，清除，使净化
n.1.清洗，清除异己
2.泻药

A: You drinka lot of water every day.
B: Yes, it helps to purify my body.
purify
vt.1.使纯净，提纯
2.使纯洁

A: You are apicture of purity in that dress!
B: Thanks, I will take it as a compliment.
purity
n.纯净，纯洁，纯正

A: Why areyou going to Africa?
B: I’min pursuit of my dreams.
pursuit
n.1.追求，寻求
2.追赶，追逐
3.[常pl.]（花时间和精力的）事，嗜好，消遣
in hot pursuit
穷追不舍

A: I am veryinterested in Egyptian history.
B: Yes, the pyramids fascinate me!
pyramid
n.1.金字塔
2.金字塔形结构
3.锥状物，棱锥状的一堆东西

Q

A: Your town is quaint .
B: I think it is too small.
quaint
a. 奇特而有趣的，古色古香的

A: I amconducting qualitative research into the factors affecting femaleeducation rates in schools.
B: Sounds fascinating, tell me more.
qualitative
a.　（性）质的，质量的，定性的

A: How wouldyou rate your performance in the exam?
B: At this stage it is too difficult to quantify .
quantify
vt.　确定．．．的数量，量化

A: Myresearch is mainly quantitative .
B: Oh, I have never had a head for figures myself.
quantitative
a.　（数）量的，定量的

A: How muchwater should we bring on our camping trip?
B: Oh, perhaps six quarts .
quart
n.　夸脱

A: Is yourmagazine published every month?
B: No, it is a quarterly .
quarterly
a.　季度的，每季一次的
ad.　按季度，一季一次
n.　季刊

A: What isthat unusual stone?
B: I think it must be quartz .
quartz
n. 石英

A: The boatwill leave the quay at ten o’clock.
B: OK, I’llmake sure I will be there on time.
quay
n.　码头

A: That was aqueer event.
B: Yes, I thought it was a little strange also.
queer
a.　１．奇怪的，异常的；２．不舒服的，眩晕的

A: I’m so thirsty!
B: Here is a drink to quench your thirst.
quench
vt.　止（渴），扑灭（火焰）

A: Excuse me,Sir, I have a query .
B: You can ask questions later.
query
n.　问题，疑问，询问
v.　１．对．．．表示疑问；２．问，询问

A: Where areyou going?
B: I’mon a quest to find some hidden treasure!
quest
n. 寻求，搜索，追求

A: Excuse me,do you have a few moments to fill in this questionnaire ?
B: Sorry, I am busy right now.
questionnaire
n.　（做统计或调查用的）问卷，征求意见表

A: Is that anew quilt you have on your bed?
B: Yes, my grandmother knitted it.
quilt
n.　被子

A: Why areyou quivering , it is not cold.
B: Oh, I think it is freezing!
quiver
vi.　颤抖，发抖，抖动
n.　颤抖，抖动，颤声

A: Would youlike another chocolate bar?
B: No thanks, I’vehad my quota for this week!
quota
n.　定额，限额，配额

R

A: I’mtaking part in a march against racism.
B: Great, I hope that it helps the various different nationalities in thecountry.
racism
n.1.种族歧视，种族偏见;2.种族主义

A: Would youlike to have a game of tennis?
B: I’dlove to, but I don’t have a racket.
racket
n.1.喧嚷，吵闹;2.敲诈，勒索，诈骗;3.（网球等的）球拍

A: You look radiant tonight.
B: Thanks for the compliment.
radiant
a.1.容光焕发的，喜形于色的;2.光芒四射的，光辉灿烂的;3.辐射的

A: Wow, theweather was hot today.
B: Yes, the sun radiated great heat.
radiate
v.1.发出（光或热），辐射;2.流露，显示

A: I heardthat radioactive waste was dumped into the sea.
B: I know, isn’tit shocking?
radioactive
a.放射性的，有辐射能的

A: I want torent a house within two mile radius of my workplace.
B: That is a sensible decision.
radius
n.1.半径，半径范围;2.周围，范围

A: Did youbuy a new computer?
B: No, I won it in a raffle.
raffle
n.对奖售物，抽彩
vt.(off)用对奖办法出售

A: How did youtravel down the river?
B: We built a raft and floated down it.
raft
n.1.木排，木筏;2.充气救生筏，救生圈
vt.用筏子运送
vi.乘筏子渡河

A: Did youclimb to the top of the mountain?
B: No, the cliffs were too ragged and dangerous toclimb.
ragged
a.1.（衣服）破旧的，褴褛的;2.衣衫褴褛的;3.不规则的，参差不齐的，凸凹不平的;
4.粗糙的，不完善的，差劲的

A: I want todo some gardening, did you see the rake?
B: Yes, it is in the garage.
rake
n.1.耙，草耙，钉齿耙;2.斜度，倾角
vi.1.耙; 2.搜索，核查
vt.1.耙集，耙平，耙松;2.扫射，扫过
rake in
大量敛集（钱财）
rake up
1.耙集，集拢，耙开，扒开;2.翻出（旧事等）重提

A: I amconstructing a ramp to avoid the steps up to my building.
B: Good, that will take it accessible to wheelchairs.
ramp
n.1.斜面，坡道;2.活动舷梯，轻便梯

A: The ratsare rampant on my farm.
B: Why don’tyou get a cat to kill them?
rampant
a.1.（犯罪、疾病等）猖獗的，肆虐的; 2.（植物）蔓生的，过于繁茂的

A: How manyhorses do you have on your ranch?
B: Oh, I have both trained and wild horses, but I’m not sure how many.
ranch
n.1.大牧场;2.饲养场

A: You werelucky to get into this university.
B: I was indeed lucky, I chose it at random.
random
a.任意的，随机的
at random
随便的，任意的

A: Do youenjoy being a park ranger?
B: Oh yes, I love the outdoors.
ranger
n.1.国家公园管理员，护林员;2.骑兵巡逻队员

A: My bosswas kidnapped!
B: Was he held for ransom?
ransom
n.赎金
vt.赎出，赎回
hold sb to ransom
掳某人索赎，要挟某人

A: Can youmake a song out of your poem?
B: No, but I could try to rap it.
rap
vt.1.（轻而快地）敲击，急敲;2.(out)突然厉声说出;3.责备，训斥
n.（轻快的）敲击（声），急敲（声）

A: For whatoffence was the criminal convicted?
B: He was convicted for two counts of rape.
rape
vt./n.强奸

A: I didn’t realize that you were going to movehouse.
B: I didn’teither until yesterday, it was a rash decision.
rash
a.轻率的，鲁莽的
n.1.疹，皮疹;2.（短时期内）爆发的一连串

A: Has thegovernment ratified the international treaty?
B: Not yet, they are still consulting with other nations about it.
ratify
vt.正式批准，使正式生效，认可

A: My novelmade it into the top ten books of the year.
B: Well done, that is an excellent rating.
rating
n.1.等级，品级，评定结果;2.[pl.]（电视节目的）收视率，（广播节目的）收听率

A: Would youlike another cup of coffee?
B: No thanks, I’vehad my ration for the day.
ration
n.1.配给量，定量;2.[常pl.]给养，口粮
vt.配给供应，定量供应

A: The car rattles every time we drive over a bump.
B: Perhaps you should get it fixed.
rattle
vi.1.发格格声，发连续短促的尖叫声; 2.飞奔，咯嚓咯嚓地行进
vt.1.使碰撞作响，使发出连续短促的尖叫声 ; 2.使窘迫不安，激怒，使恐惧惊慌
n.1.连续短促的尖叫声，碰撞声; 2.连续发声的玩具，拨浪鼓
rattle off
飞快地说出
rattle on
1.飞奔;2.喋喋不休地讲话

A: Michaelsimply raved about this film.
B: I don’tknow why, I think it is terrible.
rave
vi.1.胡言乱语，说胡话;2.(about)极力赞美
a.赞扬（性）的

A: Why didn’t you shave today?
B: I ran out of razors.
razor
n.剃刀

A: You have agood crop of this year.
B: Yes, we reaped a good one alright.
reap
vt.1.收割，收获
2.获得，得到

A: Please don’t forget to give me back my book.
B: I reassure you again, I’ll have it back to you by the end of theweek.
reassure
vt.向……再保证，使消除疑虑，使放心

A: Did youhear about the rebellion in the Congo?
B: No, what were the rebels fighting against?
rebellion
n.反叛，反抗

A: My father rebuked me for breaking window.
B: Well, he has every right to be upset.
rebuke
n.指责，训斥

A: Do youremember my tenth birthday?
B: I’msorry, the occasion seems to have receded from mymemory.
recede
vi.1.退，退去，渐渐远去;2.向后倾斜，缩进

A: Thestudents at the lecture were very attentive.
B: Yes, they are always receptive to newideas.
receptive
a.（对知识、思想等）接受能力强的，能迅速接受的

A: What timeis your recess at?
B: We have lunch at 12:30 every day.
recess
n.1.（工作等）暂停，休息，休庭; 2.课间休息; 3.凹处，凹室，壁龛;4.[常pl.]深处，幽深处，隐秘处
vi.暂停，休会，休庭

A: This cakeis fantastic. Can I have the recipe?
B: I’msorry, the ingredients are a secret
recipe
n.1.烹饪法，食谱
2.方法，秘诀，诀窍