龙俊亨综艺哔哩哔哩:中学生英语学习常见错误

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中学生英语学习常见错误

[误] She laid down and soon fell asleep.
  [正] She lay down and soon fell asleep.

  [析]考试中常出现的是易混动词lay放,lie躺,lie说谎。它们的过去时、过去分词和现在分词变化如下:

  lay (放) laid, laid, laying (及物动词)

  lie (躺) lay, lain, lying (不及物动词)

  lie (说谎) lied, lied, lying

  [误] Please rise your hand.

  [正] Please raise your hand.

  [析] rise 是不及物动词,其后不能接宾语,如:The sun rises in the east.而raise是及物动词。

  [误] I like to swim very much, but I don’t like swimming this afternoon.来源:www.examda.com

  [正] I like swimming very much, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.

  [析] like作为“喜欢”讲时,可以接动名词也可以接不定式,但接动名词时多表达一种习惯性动作。而接不定式则侧重于表达一次性、特殊性的动作。但要注意的是 like 与would连用时则一定要接不定式,如:Would you like to go with me?再有一点要注意的是,like作为介词“像”讲时,只能用分词作其宾语。

  [误] Stop! Did you listen to a strange voice?

  [正] Stop! Did you hear a strange voice?

  [析] hear的侧重点是听到、听见什么,而listen to 的侧重点为听的倾向,如:listen! Do you hear someone calling help?这样的词还有look与see.它们的侧重点也不同,look重于“看”的倾向,而see重于看见没看见。

  [误] Did you watch some film recently?

  [正] Did you see some film recently?

  [析] 英语中see 与 watch 各有不同的用处,see用于看电影、剧目,而watch用作看电视和看球赛。

  [误] Look. A beautiful lamp hanged from the ceiling.

  [正] Look. A beautiful lamp hung from the ceiling.

  [析] hang有两个含义,① “挂”,它的过去时与过去分词是hung, hung;② “绞刑”,这时它是规则动词,其过去式与过去分词则为hanged, hanged.

  [误] How long can I borrow this book?

  [正] How long can I keep this book?

  [析] “借”在英文中有三个词,① 借入,即borrow,如:May I borrow some books from the library?② 借出,如:I can lend my bike to you.③ 借多久要用keep, 因为borrow与lend都是截止性动词,而keep是延续性动词。如 How long can I keep it?

  [误] We have won your class.

  [正] We have beaten your class.

  [析] win是及物动词,其后面的宾语应是比赛、战争、奖品、奖金。而beat的宾语,应是人、队、班级等等,如:We won the game.

  [误] I left my key.

  [正] I forgot my key.

  [正] I left my key at home.

  [析] leave是“丢下”,其后一定要接地点状语,而forget其后不要接地点状语。

  [误] Oh! It’s raining outside. Please bring the rain coat with you.

  [正] Oh! It’s raining outside. Please take this rain coat with you.

  [析] bring为“带来”如:Next time bring your little sister here.而take为“带走”,fetch为“去某处取什么回来”,如:Please fetch some coffee for us要熟记的是在初中课文中与take有关的词组,如: take away 拿走 take back 收回 take down 取下take off 脱下 take…out 拿出 take place 发生 take hold of 拿住 take part in 参加 take a seat 坐下take one’s place 替代 take a look 看看 take one’s turn 轮流 take a message 捎信 take care of 照看 take it easy 别着急take one’s time 慢慢来 take one’s temperature 测量体温

  [误] The policeman reached his gun.

  [正] The policeman reached for his gun.

  [析] reach作“到达”讲时是及物动词,如:I reached the hotel at 8∶30但作“伸手去拿”,则要用reach for something.作为“到达”讲时还有arrive (in+大地方)(at+较小的地方)和get to.要注意的是与get有关的词组有: get back 回来 get in 收割 get into 进入 get off 下车 get on 上车 get out 出去 get up 起床 get to 到达 get ready for=be ready for get on well with 与人相处融洽 get 加比较级为变得如何,例如: get colder and colder.