船 白桦全文:英语不规则动词的变化

英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。统计规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成，如果有e，只加d，而不规则动词的变化因词而异的表格。
目录
初中英语语法
举例说明
Infinitive 不定式Past Tense 过去式Past Participle 过去分词
abideabode, abidedabode, abided
alightalighted, alitalighted, alit
arisearosearisen
awakeawokeawoke, awaked
bewas, werebeen
bearboreborne, born
beatbeatbeaten
becomebecamebecome
befallbefellbefallen
begetbegotbegotten, begot
beginbeganbegun
beholdbeheldbeheld
bendbentbent
bereavebereaved, bereftbereaved, bereft
beseechbesought, beseechedbesought, beseeched
besetbesetbeset
bespeakbespokebespoken, bespoke
bespreadbespreadbespread
bestrewbestrewedbestrewed, bestrewn
bestridebestrodebestridden, bestrid, bestrode
betbet, bettedbet, betted
betakebetookbetaken
bethinkbethoughtbethought
bidbade, bidbidden, bid
bidebode, bidedbided
bindboundbound
bitebitbitten, bit
bleedbledbled
blendblended, blentblended, blent
blessblessed, blestblessed, blest
blowblewblown
breakbrokebroken
breedbredbred
bringbroughtbrought
broadcastbroadcast, broadcastedbroadcast, broadcasted
browbeatbrowbeatbrowbeaten
buildbuiltbuilt
burnburnt, burnedburnt, burned
burstburstburst
buyboughtbought
cancould-
castcastcast
catchcaughtcaught
chidechid, chidedchid, chidden, chided
choosechosechosen
cleavecleaved, cleft, clovecleaved, cleft
cleaveclavecloven
clingclungclung
clotheclothed, cladclothed, clad
comecamecome
costcostcost
creepcreptcrept
crowcrowed, crewcrowed
cutcutcut
daredared, durstdared
dealdealtdealt
digdugdug
dispreaddispreaddispread
dodiddone
drawdrewdrawn
dreamdreamed, dreamtdreamed, dreamt
drinkdrankdrunk
drivedrovedriven
dwelldwelt, dwelleddwelt, dwelled
eatateeaten
fallfellfallen
feedfedfed
feelfeltfelt
fightfoughtfought
findfoundfound
fleefledfled
flingflungflung
flyflewflown
flyfledfled
flyfliedflied
forbearforboreforborne
forbidforbade, forbadforbidden
forecastforecast, forecastedforecast, forecasted
fordofordidfordone
foregoforewentforegone
foreknowforeknewforeknown
forerunforeranforerun
foreseeforesawforeseen
foreshowforeshowedforeshown
foretellforetoldforetold
forgetforgotforgotten, forgot
forgiveforgaveforgiven
forsakeforsookforsaken
forswearforsworeforsworn
freezefrozefrozen
gainsaygainsaidgainsaid
getgotgot, gotten
gildgilded, giltgilded
girdgirded, girtgirded, girt
givegavegiven
gowentgone
gravegravedgraven, graved
grindgroundground
growgrewgrown
hamstringhamstringed, hamstrunghamstringed, hamstrung
hanghunghung
hanghangedhanged
havehadhad
hearheardheard
heaveheaved, hoveheaved, hove
hewhewedhewed, hewn
hidehidhidden, hid
hithithit
holdheldheld
hurthurthurt
inlayinlaidinlaid
keepkeptkept
kneelknelt, kneeledknelt, kneeled
knitknitted, knitknitted, knit
knowknewknown
ladeladedladed, laden
laylaidlaid
leadledled
leanleaned, leantleaned, leant
leapleapt, leapedleapt, leaped
learnlearnt, learnedlearnt, learned
leaveleftleft
lendlentlent
letletlet
lielaylain
lieliedlied
lightlitlit
lightlightedlighted
loselostlost
makemademade
maymight-
meanmeantmeant
meetmetmet
meltmeltedmelted, melten
misdealmisdealtmisdealt
misgivemisgavemisgiven
mislaymislaidmislaid
misleadmisledmisled
mistakemistookmistaken
misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood
mowmowedmowed, mown
mustmust-
oughtought-
outbidoutbade, outbidoutbidden, outbid
outbreedoutbredoutbred
outdooutdidoutdone
outeatoutateouteaten
outfightoutfoughtoutfought
outgooutwentoutgone
outgrowoutgrewoutgrown
outlayoutlaidoutlaid
outrideoutrodeoutridden
outrunoutranoutrun
outselloutsoldoutsold
outshineoutshoneoutshone
outshootoutshotoutshot
outsitoutsatoutsat
outspendoutspentoutspent
outspreadoutspreadoutspread
outthrowoutthrewoutthrown
outthrustoutthrustoutthrust
outwearoutworeoutworn
overbearoverboreoverborne
overbidoverbidoverbidden, overbid
overblowoverblewoverblown
overbuildoverbuiltoverbuilt
overbuyoverboughtoverbought
overcastovercastovercast
overcomeovercameovercome
overdooverdidoverdone
overdrawoverdrewoverdrawn
overdriveoverdroveoverdriven
overeatoverateovereaten
overfeedoverfedoverfed
overflyoverflewoverflown
overgrowovergrewovergrown
overhangoverhungoverhung
overhearoverheardoverheard
overladeoverladedoverladed, overladen
overlayoverlaidoverlaid
overleapoverleapt, overleapedoverleapt, overleaped
overlieoverlayoverlain
overpayoverpaidoverpaid
overrideoverrodeoverridden
overrunoverranoverrun
overseeoversawoverseen
overselloversoldoversold
oversetoversetoverset
oversewoversewedoversewed, oversewn
overshootovershotovershot
oversleepoversleptoverslept
overspendoverspentoverspent
overspreadoverspreadoverspread
overtakeovertookovertaken
overthrowoverthrewoverthrown
overwindoverwoundoverwound
overwriteoverwroteoverwritten
partakepartookpartaken
paypaidpaid
precastprecastprecast
prechooseprechoseprechosen
proveprovedproved, proven
putputput
quitquitted, quitquitted, quit
readreadread
reavereaved, reftreaved, reft
rebuildrebuiltrebuilt
recastrecastrecast
reeverove, reevedrove, reeved
relayrelaidrelaid
rendrentrent
repayrepaidrepaid
resetresetreset
retellretoldretold
ridrid, riddedrid, ridded
rideroderidden
ringrangrung
riseroserisen
riverivenriven, rived
runranrun
sawsawedsawn, sawed
saysaidsaid
seesawseen
seeksoughtsought
sellsoldsold
sendsentsent
sitsetset
sewsewedsewn, sewed
shakeshookshaken
shallshould-
shaveshavedshaved, shaven
shearshearedshorn, sheared
shedshedshed
shineshone, shinedshone, shined
shoeshod, shoedshod, shoed
shootshotshot
showshowedshown, showed
shredshredded, shredshredded, shred
shrinkshrank, shrunkshrunk, shrunken
shriveshrove, shrivedshriven, shrived
shutshutshut
singsang, sungsung
sinksank, sunksunk, sunken
sitsatsat
slayslewslain
sleepsleptslept
slideslidslid, slidden
slingslungslung
slinkslunkslunk
slitslitslit
smellsmelt, smelledsmelt, smelled
smitesmotesmitten, smote
sowsowedsown, sowed
speakspokespoken
speedsped, speededsped, speeded
spellspelt, spelledspelt, spelled
spendspentspent
spillspilt, spilledspilt, spilled
spinspunspun
spitspat, spitspat, spit
splitsplitsplit
spoilspoilt, spoiledspoilt, spoiled
spreadspreadspread
springsprang, sprungsprung
standstoodstood
stavestaved, stovestaved, stove
stealstolestolen
stickstuckstuck
stingstungstung
stinkstank, stunkstunk
strewstrewedstrewn, strewed
stridestrodestridden, strid
strikestruckstruck, stricken
stringstrungstrung
strivestrove, strivedstriven, strived
swearsworesworn
sweatsweat, sweatedsweat, sweated
sweepsweptswept
swellswelledswollen, swelled
swimswamswum
swingswungswung
taketooktaken
teachtaughttaught
teartoretorn
telltoldtold
thinkthoughtthought
thrivethrove, thrivedthriven, thrived
throwthrewthrown
thrustthrustthrust
treadtrodtrodden, trod
unbendunbentunbent
unbindunboundunbound
unbuildunbuiltunbuilt
underbidunderbidunderbidden, underbid
underbuyunderboughtunderbought
undercutundercutundercut
underdounderdidunderdone
underfeedunderfedunderfed
undergounderwentundergone
underlayunderlaidunderlaid
underletunderletunderlet
underlieunderlayunderlain
underpayunderpaidunderpaid
underrununderranunderrun
undersellundersoldundersold
undersetundersetunderset
undershootundershotundershot
understandunderstoodunderstood
undertakeundertookundertaken
underwriteunderwroteunderwritten
undoundidundone
undrawundrewundrawn
unfreezeunfrozeunfrozen
ungirdungirded, ungirtungirded, ungirt
unhangunhungunhung
unknitunknitted, unknitunknitted, unknit
unladeunladedunladed, unladen
unlayunlaidunlaid
unlearnunlearnt, unlearnedunlearnt, unlearned
unmakeunmadeunmade
unreeveunrove, unreevedunrove, unreeved
unsayunsaidunsaid
unsetunsetunset
unslingunslungunslung
unspeakunspokeunspoken
unstickunstuckunstuck
unstringunstrungunstrung
unswearunsworeunsworn
unteachuntaughtuntaught
unthinkunthoughtunthought
untreaduntroduntrodden, untrod
unweaveunwoveunwoven
unwindunwoundunwound
upbuildupbuiltupbuilt
upcastupcastupcast
upholdupheldupheld
uppercutuppercutuppercut
upriseuproseuprisen
upsetupsetupset
upsweepupsweptupswept
upswingupswungupswung
wakewaked, wokewaked, woken, woke
waylaywaylaidwaylaid
wearworeworn
weavewovewoven
wedwedded, wedwedded, wed
weepweptwept
wetwetted, wetwetted, wet
willwould-
winwonwon
windwinded, woundwinded, wound
witwistwist
withdrawwithdrewwithdrawn
withholdwithheldwithheld
withstandwithstoodwithstood
workworkedworked
workwroughtwrought
wringwrungwrung
writewrotewritten
编辑本段初中英语语法
名词在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点：一、 可数名词与不可数名词在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，
如：1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---photos 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoeshero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives5baby---babies family---families另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：Chinese---Chinese Japanese---JapaneseEnglishman---Englishmen Frenchman---FrenchmenRussian---Russians American---Americans German --- Germanschild---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geesedeer---deer sheep---sheep还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有： a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如：Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。）His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时， 意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如，Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays.二、 名词所有格名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况下，指某人的某物用’s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短语来表示。另外，要注意凡是以s结尾的名词或规则名词的复数，不能直接加’s，而应该加-’即可。例如，boys’ clothes girls’ dresses。 不过，注意例外情况，例如， the boss’s handwriting，其中the boss’s 的-’s不可省略。
编辑本段举例说明
举几个例子：
1、用must问，肯定和否定是如何回答的。
如：Must I return your book next week?
2、解释一下一下倒桩，为何要用so he does
You say he likes playing computer games,(so he does) and (so do I).
3、解释一下一下答案
(Watch your step),young man!If you're late for work again,
you'll lose your job.
1.Yes,you can. 是其肯定回答。No,you mustn't.是其否定回答。
2.这里其实无所谓倒装。翻译一下：你说他喜欢玩游戏，的确，我也喜欢。so+第一人称主格/第三人称主格+do/does是一个固定结构。当前面描述一件事情，后面肯定一下，表示同意前面的说法是就用这个句型。
so+do/does+第一人称主格/第三人称主格的结构，用于前面描述一件事情，后面是说的另一件事情，并不是接着前面的说。从这个例子的翻译中就可以看出来了。
这个例句不错，应该记住，是一个考点。
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