偶看新闻实木复合开放漆门价格:华文宋体
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11. Canton Fair 广交会12. Discount for cash 贴现13. Commission sale 代售14. CIF net到岸净价15. Actual price 实价16. Beat the price down17. Decline an offer拒绝发盘18. Initial payment首付19. Accessory risk附加险20. Cargo in drum桶装货21. Bale packaging打包22. Master package外包装23. Shipping advice装船通知24. over shipment溢装25. Partials shipment分批装运26. Demand bill即期汇票27. Aggregate amount总金额28. Advising bank通知29. Amount in figures小写金额30. Circular credit循环信用证第二套11. Active demand畅销12. Actual price 实价13. Acceptance sampling抽验认可14. Advance sheet 校样15. Bargain sale 大减价16. Business report商务报告17. Clearance sale清仓大甩卖18. Commercial world商界19. Demand over supply 供不应求20 .depressed market萧条的市场21 .end-products成品22. Direct sales直销23. Credit man信用调查员24. Corner the market垄断市场25. Consumer price index物价指数26. Custom of trade贸易惯例27. Deal direct直接交易28. Develop new markets29. Domestic price国内价30. Express airmail航空快递第三套11. Commercial L/C商业信用证12. Advising Bank 13. Absolute acceptance 绝对承诺14. after sight见票即付15. Authority to pay 委托付款16. on blank check 空白支票17. Document against acceptance承兑交单18. First of exchange 汇票正本19. Foreign currency外币20. Foreign exchange rate 外汇率21. In one’s favor 以某人受益22. Inland bill 国内汇票23. Freight payable at destination 运费到期24. Short shipment短装25. Line steamer班轮26. Bill of lading 提单27. Clean bill of lading 清洁提单28. Customs Invoice海关发票29. Estimated time of departure预期开航时间30. Estimated time of arrival 预期到航时间第四套11. Business correspondence 公函12. inside address 封内地址13. Printed matter印刷品14. Agency endorsement代理背书15. Commission agent佣金代理16. Volume of sales销售量17. Different specification规格不等18. Incomplete packing 包装不全19. counter-claim反索赔20. mala fide claim骗陪21. Non-shipment漏装22. short-landing短卸23. Negotiating bank议付行24. Notifying bank通知行25. Master credit主信用证26. Confirming bank保兑证27. Transit letter of credit 转口信用证28. Tender Guarantee投标保证书 29. Packing credit 打包信用证30. Sight L/C即期信用证第五套11. AI品质好质量好信誉佳12. Adverse balance of trade贸易逆差 13. Articles of trade 商品14. Branded goods品牌货15. Chinese Export Commodities Fair 中国出口商品交易会16. Deal on credit信用交易17. Diversified enterprise多元经营企业18. Spot investigation现场调查19. Trade creation 贸易拓展20. Wholesale dealer批发商21. Bottom price 底价22. Commodities leaflet商品宣传单23. Lowest price limit最低限价24. Potential demand 潜在需求25. Apportioned charges分摊费用26. Buying cost购物成本27. Buying on margin边际购买28. Capital in trade 贸易本金29. Customs clearing charges通清关费30. CIF ＆ W成本运费到岸价 战争险
商务英语翻译综合练习
I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each)
第一套
1. It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies.
在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。
2．Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis.
若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。
3．Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in developing new materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries used in low temperatures, Inhaul reported.
新华社报道，中国研究人员在开发利用新材料制造在低温下使用的镍氢电池方面已有了突破。
4. Since the initiation of economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has achieved impressive economic growth coupled with significant structural transformation.
中国自从20世纪70年代末开始经济改革以来，已取得了令人瞩目的经济增长和重大的结构转变。
5．The financial information provided by an accounting system is needed by managerial decision makers to help them plan and control the activities of the economic entity.
会计系统提供的金融信息对于帮助管理层决策人员制定计划和控制该经济实体的活动而言是不可或缺的。
6．Unemployment in America (as of mid-1990) was running near 5.25 percent .That is somewhat higher than used to be considered full employment, but it is not a serious figure in the aggregate.
1990年年中美国的失业率近5.25%。按以往的标准，这个比例偏高，没有达到充分就业。但就整体来说问题并不严重。
7. Nations will usually produce and export those goods in which they have the greatest comparative advantage, and import those items in which they have the least comparative advantage.
各国通常都生产和出口那些他们最具有比较优势的产品，而进口那些他们最不具备比较优势的产品。
8．This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.
本合同由买卖双方订立，因此买卖双方同意按照下面规定的条款购买以下商品。
9．Multinational bank’s services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker’s acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds.
跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。
10．Lucas film, for example, receives a percentage of the sales made by companies marketing Star War, thus Lucas film’s revenues increase with each additional toy that Parker Kenner’s sells in the United Kingdom.
举例来说，卢卡斯制片公司通过其他公司推销《星球大战》的拷贝从销售额中按一定比例抽成，这样帕克肯勒公司在英国每销售一部拷贝就能使卢卡斯公司增加收入。
第二套试卷
1. Often an individual must supply personal accounting information in order to buy a car or home, to qualify for a college scholarship, to secure a credit card, or to obtain a bank loan. Large corporations are accountable to their stockholders, to governmental agencies, and to the public.
A. 通常，个人为了买车，买房，为了获得大学奖学金，申请信用卡或从银行贷款，都必须出具本人的财务资料，大公司有责任向其股东，政府机构和广大公众说明公司的财务状况。
2. Should for certain reasons the Buyers not be able to inform the Seller of the foregoing details 10 days prior to the arrival of the vessel at the port of loading or should the carrying vessel be advanced or delayed, the Buyer or their chartering agent shall advise the Sellers immediately and make necessary arrangement.
若买方由于某种原因不能于装运轮到达装运港10天前将上面的内容通知卖方，或装运轮提前或推迟到达，买方或其运输代理人须立刻通知卖方并做出必要的安排。
3. All the banking charges incurred in Licensee’s Bank shall be borne by Licensee while those incurred outside Licensee’s Bank shall be borne by Licensor.
所有在被许可方银行发生的费用均由被许可方承担，所有在被许可方银行外发生的银行费用由许可方承担。
4. It was found that a country benefits more by producing goods it can make most cheaply and buying those goods that other countries can make at lower costs than by producing everything it needs within its own border.
人们发现，一个国家只生产成本耗费最低的产品，而从其他国家购买它们用较低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自家所需要的一切产品要划算得多。
5. This Convention does not prevail over any international agreement which has already been or may be entered into and which contains provisions concerning the matters governed by this Convention.
本公约并不优先于业已缔结或可能缔结并载有与本公约范围内事项有关的条款的任何国际协定。
6. Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in fact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has to supply an overseas importer, under an exclusive sales agreement or maintains sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad.
统保单对出口贸易至关重要.它实际上是货物保险中的一种便利的方法，特别适合于分不同的时间出口的一批类似货物，如当被保险方根据独家代理协议书向国外的进口方供货,或在国外委任了销售代表，设立分支机构时用之。
7. foreign business representative, neither overly sympathetic toward China nor overly disposed against it, would need to be convinced on a number of scores before he could responsibly commit his firm to taking an equity position in a Chinese enterprise.
A. 一个对中国既无过度好感又无过度恶感的企业代表,在代表公司在华投资,与一定中国企业形成平等股权关系之前,必须考虑许多因素。
8. The underwriter realizes this and certainly does not set out to make life difficult for his agency colleagues. However, he has a job to do .Part of that job is to ensure that people who attempt to buy policies because they expect to 'die’ soon do not succeed in fooling him and his company.
A. 核保人认识到这一点，当然不会给他的代理同事出难题，但是他又有工作要做，其中部分工作是，确保那些因预期很快死亡而想方设法去购买保单的人其欺骗自己和公司的企图不能得逞。
9. Shipping details, including whether transshipments are allowed. Also recorded should be the latest date for shipment and the names of the ports of shipment and discharge.
A. 装船细节: 包括是否允许转运以及装船的最后日期和装船，卸货的港口名称。
10. A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist from observations.
假设是科学家经过大量观察而得出的具体结论.
第三套试卷
1. The duplicate shipping documents including bill of lading, invoice, packing list and inspection were airmailed to you today.
A. 包括提单、发票、装箱单和检验证书在内的装运单证副本今日航邮贵处。
2. Please be informed that, on account of the fluctuations of foreign exchanges the quotation is subject to change without previous notice.
A. 兹告知贵方，由于外汇的波动，报价随时可能改变，不另行通知。
3. I have pleasure in apprising you that, under the auspices of several highly respected and influential houses here, I have commenced business as Shipping and Assurance Broker and General Agent.
A. 我十分高兴的通知您，在当地几家有名望，有影响力公司的支持下，我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。
4. Our unique concept was a response to buyer needs, bringing greater reliability, higher-quality output, exceptional user-friendliness and operational ease.
我们唯一的信念就是要适应购买者的需要，生产更可靠的，质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。
5. Marketing involves product development, pricing, distribution, and communication; and in the more progressive firms, continuous attention to the changing needs of customers and the development of new products, with product modifications and services to meet these needs.
A. 营销包括产品开发，定价，推销和产品信息交流；在那些观念较新的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化，不断开发新产品，并且不断改进产品，改进服务，以满足客户的需求。
6. Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners unit of money in terms of one’s own.
A. 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间对商品进行进口和出口会引出一个新的经济因素，这就是外汇比率。外汇比率是指以自己国家货币的形式标出外国货币的价格。
7. International business as a field of management training deals the special features of business activities that cross national boundaries.
作为管理训练一个领域的国际商务具有跨国家边界商务活动的专门特征。
8. These days, the U.S. economy isn’t 'graduating enough scientists to fill the need of the coming decades,’ frets Charles C. Leighton, 'That’s a real concern’.
近来，美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要，”查尔斯C. 顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题。”
9. A firm’s involvement in exporting products can range from a minimal commitment all the way to considering exports as necessary for the firm’s survival and growth.
公司在产品中参与程度不一，从最低程度的参与到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。
10. There is more to their life than political and social and economic problems; more than transient everydayness.
他们的生活远不止那些政治的，社会的和经济的问题，远不止一时的柴米油盐的问题。
第四套试卷
1. To develop the capabilities of the geophysical prospecting, the renewal of the techniques and equipment is the first thing to be considered.
为了提高地球物理探矿的能力，首先要考虑的事情就是更新技术和设备
2. As to direct and indirect exporting, which approach is best depends on such factors as the company’s size, its export volume, the number of foreign countries involved, the investment required to support the operation, the profit potential, the risk present, and the desires of overseas buyers.
至于直接出口业务和间接出口业务，哪一种方式最好取决于许多因素，比如公司的大小，出口的数量的多少，公司业务所牵涉国家的多少，出口所需投资的多少，可赚利润的多少，存在风险的大小，以及海外买主的要求等等。
3. Sino-British links have multiplied---political, commercial, educational, cultural, defense, science and technology.
中英两国在政治、商务、教育、文化，国防和科技等方面的联系成倍地增长了。
4. Most notably, China has avoided the large output declines and severe macroeconomic instability that have tended to characterize the transition experiences in central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
最值得注意的是，中国避免了生产大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，生产的大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性曾经是中，东欧以及前苏联经济过渡时期的特点。
5. Advertisers must realize that people usually are motivated by the goal of satisfying some combination of two or more needs, and the needs may be both conscious and unconscious.
广告人必须明白，通常能够满足两个或者更多需要的综合目标才能促使人们购买，而且这些需要既可能是有意识的，又可能是无意识的。
6. Differences in language understanding between negotiating opposites raise some peril in every international business transaction because each negotiating party prefers quite naturally to use the language whose nuances he knows best
A. 谈判双方在语言理解上的分歧会严重影响每一笔国际贸易的成交，因为参加洽谈的任何一方自然都愿意使用自己了如指掌的语言。
7. No wonder the multinational corporations have been growing fantastically and now dominate many sections of the international market.
A. 难怪跨国公司一直以惊人的速度发展并且控制着国际市场的许多领域。
8. Multinational corporations have become so dominant in some foreign markets that they are now the object of political and economic scrutiny.
由于跨国公司已控制了一些外国市场，他们已成为政治，经济关注的目标。
9. Because some hand gestures and body movements are acceptable in one culture yet deeply offensive in another culture, they are rarely an appropriate communications aid in international negotiations.
由于有些手势与形体动作在一种文化习俗中可以接受，而在另一种文化背景中却让人反感，因此这些手势与动作在国际谈判中就不适合作为思想交流的辅助手段。
10. Throughout the past two decades, GATT (the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) has been increasingly preoccupied with the trading problems and needs of the developing countries,which account for more than two-thirds of its membership.
在过去的二十年中，关贸总协定越来越关注占成员国总数2/3以上的发展中国家的贸易问题和需要。
第五套试卷
1. As each currency’s value is stated in terms of other currencies, French francs, then, have a value in US dollars, which have a value in British pounds, which have a value in Japanese yen.
A. 由于每一种货币的价值是用另外的货币表现出来的，那么法国法郎的价值可以用美元来体现，美元可以用英镑来体现，英镑可以用日元来体现。
2. We don’t think your way of doing business conforming to accepted international practice.
我们认为贵方贸易做法不符合国际惯例。
3. Business is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale, through which profit or economic surplus will be created.
商务是指生产，配送，销售等一切活动的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济盈余。
4. In a turnkey project, the seller plans, constructs, and places in operation a foreign facility that is then transferred to a local owner.
在有承包商完全承包的工程中，卖主计划，建造并将一套国外设施投入运作，然后将其转让给地方雇主。
5. And it allows me the variety of work that working at a large multi-billion bank does not have to offer as you will be working in narrow job description handling one type of lending.
这使我的工作变化多样，而这在拥有亿万资金的大银行里是不大可能的，因为在那种大银行里，你的工作范围很窄，只处理一种贷款。
6. But the important thing to remember is that in the modern world we must give people skills which prepare them for the changing world of manufacturing and production which is now upon us.
A. 但需要记住的重要事情是，在现代世界里，我们必须向人们传授技术本领，掌握这些技术本领就可以使他们为应对我们眼下所面临的不断变化着的生产制造领域做好准备。
7. It was found that a country benefits more by producing goods it can make most cheaply and buying those goods that other countries can make at lower costs than by producing everything it needs within its own border.
人们发现，一个国家只生产成本耗费最低的产品，而从其他国家购买他们用较低成本生产的产品，这比在国内生产自己所需要的一切产品要划算得多。
8. In addition to visible trade, which involves the importing and exporting of tangible goods, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations.
除了这种进口商品的有形贸易以外，还有一种国与国之间进行交换服务的无形贸易。
9. The Great Depression gave rise to the fear that such catastrophes would recur or even that the American economy would live in a state of permanent depression unless radical changes were made in the economic system.
A. 二十世纪三十年代的经济大萧条曾使人们害怕这种在灾难会重演，甚至使人们担心美国经济会陷入永久性萧条状态，除非对其经济制度进行大幅度改革。
10. Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract，the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the full amount of USD30 000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export point so that the Seller may draw the sum in due time.
买方须于本合同签字并生效后30天内通过出口银行开立以卖方为受益人的不可撤销信用支付全部货款计30 000美元，以便卖方及时提取款项。
第一套试卷
11. 原文:If a firm anticipates the future imposition of quotas, its strategy will be to gain as much market share as possible regardless of profitability.
改进的译文：如果公司预计未来会对配额征税，该公司就会不考虑赢利性而实施尽可能拓宽市场的策略。
12. 原文：The corporate charter also authorizes the corporation to issue and shares of stock, or ownership in the corporation, to enable the corporation to raise money.
改进的译文：公司章程授权公司发行和销售股票，转让公司所有权，以便为公司筹措资金。
13. 原文：The seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality and descriptions required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract.
改进的译文：买方交付的货物必须与合同所规定的数量，质量和规格一致，并按照合同的要求装箱或包装。
14. 原文：The financing of the sale often involves bills of exchange and documentary credits.
改进的译文：商品买卖的贷款收付情况体现在汇票或跟单信用证中。
15. 原文：Over the period from 1978 to 1996, many of the distortions and rigidities of the former central planning system were eliminated and market forces came to play an increasingly important role in economic decision making.
改进的译文: 自1978到1996年这段时间里，在中央计划经济体制下以往的那些扭曲的和死板的做法有许多都被摒弃了，市场力量在经济决策中起了越来越重要的作用。
16. 原文: All services in business —such as gift wrapping ,delivery ,and credit —have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices.
改进的译文: 商业中所有的服务---诸如礼品包装、送货以及赊账----都有相应的成本，而这些成本要靠较高的价格来弥补。
17. 原文: The United State systems work by means of a series of closely tabulated favors and obligations carefully doled out where they will do the most good.
改进的译文: 美国的各项制度是在一系列安排周密的恩惠和义务的基础上运行的，而且施予恩惠和承担义务都必须以获取最大的利益为前提。
18. 原文:A developing economy with an impressive development plan requires large imports of capital goods, technology, raw materials and other inputs and consumer goods to carry out the plan effectively.
改进的译文: 一个具有宏伟发展计划的发展中国家，为了有效的实施发展计划，可能需要大量进口资本货物、技术、原材料和消费品及其他产品
19. 原文:International trade occurs when a country does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs.
改进的译文: 当一个国家没有足够的某一特定商品来满足自身需求时，就需要有国际贸易。
20. 原文:A firm’s involvement in exporting products can range from a minimal commitment all the way to considering exports as necessary for the firm’s survival and growth.
改进的译文: 公司在产品出口中参与情况的程度不一，从最低程度的参与一直到将要出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。
第二套试卷
31. 原文:Without prejudice to any rights which exist under the applicable laws or under the Subcontract, the Contractor shall be entitled to withhold or defer payment of all or part any sums otherwise due by the Contractor to the Subcontractor.
改进的译文承包商依据适当的法律或分包合同在对拥有的任何权力不带成见的条件下，应该有权扣留或暂缓支付在不同情况下应由承包商支付给分包商的任何全部或部分金额。
32. 原文: We also realize the growing need and necessity to industrial certain sectors of the economy.
改进的译文：我们也认识到越来越需要在某些经济部门实施产业化。
33. 原文: To avert the danger of major defaults and to restore security to the economic systems, Western bankers and governments will have to ensure that they are imposing reasonable repayment terms on developing countries, terms that will not provoke revolution or chaos.
改进的译文: 为了防止发生重大的宣布无力偿还债务事件,并使经济体制恢复巩固,西方各国金融机构和政府必须确保对各发展中国家强制实行公平合理的还债条件, 确保这些条件不至于引发革命或混乱。
34. 原文: Cargo insurance is to protect the trader from losses that many dangers may cause.
改进的译文：货物保险会使贸易商免受许多风险所可能造成的种种损失。
35. 原文: Marketing is a pervasive social activity that goes considerably beyond the selling of toothpaste, soap, and steel.
改进的译文营销是一种无处不在的社会活动，它远远超过牙膏肥皂或钢铁的销售活动。
36. 原文: A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit.
改进的译文: 人们普遍批评美国过于强调物质产品的占有,忽视人们的精神生活。
37. 原文: The developed countries are rich in skilled work force and capital resources, so they can concentrate on producing many technology-intensive products such as computers, aircrafts, and so on.。
改进的译文：发达国家拥有大量的熟练劳动力和资本,所以能集中生产很多技术密集型的产品,比如计算机,飞机。
38. 原文: Since silver and gold are inconvenient to carry and assay for purity and for weight, it became customary for each state to stamp out in coin form a specified number of ounces of gold carrying the seal of the state to guarantee purity and weight.
改进的译文由于携带金印以及给金印的纯度和重量进行鉴别均不便,因此,以往通常的做法是，每个国家把特定数量盎司的黄金冲压成金币，同时印上该国的印记以保证纯度和重量。
39. 原文: In fact, one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out.
改进的译文: 事实上,一个模子生产成千上万件产品之后才会破坏。
40. 原文: A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusion. 改进的译文: 科学家经常设法否定自己的假设,推翻自己的理论及放弃自己的结论。
第三套试卷
31. 原文：Multinational bank’s services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker’s acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds.
改进的译文：跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证，买卖外汇，开立行承兑，接受欧洲货币储存，提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。
32. 原文：We shall credit your…account with…bank on receipt of your authenticated wire confirming all the terms and conditions of the credit have been complied with.
改进的译文：一俟收到你行加押电报证实与信用证全部条款相符，我行将贷记你行在…银行的…账户。
33. 原文：Engineering services are often handled through turn-key operations, contracts for the construction of operating facilities that are transferred to the owner when the facilities are ready to begin operations.
改进的译文：劳务工程常常是以交钥匙工程的方式进行，即以合同形式规定承建商在承建的生产设施准备投入运行时移交给业主。
34. 原文：The organization-wide strategic planning process consists of (1) defining the organization’s mission, (2)setting organizational objectives, (3)conducting an organizational port folio analysis, and (4) designing organizational strategic to achieve the objectives.
改进的译文：企业战略计划过程包括（1）确定企业的任务（2）确定企业的目标（3）进行公司有价证券分析（4）制定实现目标的策略。
35. 原文：Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20.
改进的译文：从9月20日起，甲方已无权接受任何订单或收据。
36. 原文：Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e., not later than December 15.
改进的译文：本合同签字之日一个月后，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。
37. 原文：Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500(SAY FIVE HUNDERED US DOLLARS ONLY)
改进的译文：聘方需每月付给受聘方美元500元整。
38. 原文：Please look into the matter immediately.
改进的译文：恳请速查明此事
39. 原文：You are kindly requested to act accordingly as soon as possible.
改进的译文 敬希速遵照执行：
40. 原文：Considering the friendly business relationship between our two banks, we decided not charge you the overdue interests.
改进的译文：鉴于贵我两行之间的友好业务关系，我行决定不收取贵行过期利息。
第四套试卷
31. 原文：At the same time, another kind of paper was developed, made from silk.
改进的译文：与此同时还研制出另一种纸，就是用丝制的玉帛
32． 原文：Another factor behind the increase in merger activity is the record performance of stock markets, which has enabled companies to finance major acquisitions on the strength of their inflated share prices.
改进的译文：导致合并不断增加的另一个因素是股票市场的空前繁荣。股票市场的空前繁荣使得各家公司可以依赖其上涨的股票价格去资助各种大规模的购进。
33．原文：Such is the so-called “business cycle ”that has industrialized nations of the world for the last two centuries---ever since an elaborate, interdependent money economy began to replace the relatively self-sufficient commercial society.
改进的译文：这正是近两个世纪（即自从一种复杂的，相互依赖的货币经济开始取代相对自给自足的前商业化社会）以来全世界工业化国家所谓的“经济周期”。
34．原文：When mineral oil is refined into petrol, it is used to drive internal combustion engine. To it we owe the existence of motor-car, which has replaced the private carriage drawn by the horse.
改进的译文：当矿物油被提炼成汽油之后，就可以用来驱动内燃机。就是有了这种油，我们才能用上汽车，以代替私人马车。
35．原文：To avert the danger of major defaults and to restore security to the economic systems, Western bankers and governments will have to ensure that they are imposing reasonable repayment terms on developing countries, terms that will not provoke revolution or chaos.
改进的译文：为了防止发生重大的宣布无力偿还债务事件，并使经济体制恢复巩固，西方各国金融机构和政府必须确保对各发展中国家强制实行公平合理的还债条件，确保这些条件不至于引发革命或混乱。
36．原文：A more realistic approach toward international specialization is that of comparative advantage. This concept says that a nation has a comparative advantage in an item if it can produce it more efficiently than alternative products.
改进的译文：参与国际分工的另一更为现实的做法是采取比较优势的做法。比较优势的做法是指假如一个国家生产某种产品比生产其他产品的效率更高，那么它就具有生产该产品的比较优势。
37．原文：This is compelling evidence that market liberalization is suitable with a wide range of economic, social and political preferences.
改进的译文：这有力地证明了市场自由化与广泛的经济，社会和政治倾向是相融的。
38．原文：If major problems exist and goals are not being achieved, then changes need to be made in the company’s organizational or managerial structure.
改进的译文：如果存在较大的问题，而且目标没有完成，那么就需要改变公司的组织或管理结构
39．原文：We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation at such short notice.
改进的译文：我们特别感谢你们在时间那么短促的情况下安排我们同机械交易团的成员们会面。
40．原文：Gold being quite inconvenient to carry around for spending purposes, inevitably governments issued paper certificates that were pledged to be redeemable in gold metal.
改进的译文：既然因为购物需要而携带黄金很不方便，各国政府就发行作为纸币发行的证书，保证这些证书可以兑现黄金。
第五套试卷
31．改进的译文：广告是很赚钱的生意，大部分电台和电视台都靠这部分收入来生存。
32．改进的译文：若技术资料在空运中丢失、损坏、缺损、或短缺，乙方须于收到甲方的书面通知后30天内尽快免费向甲方重新邮寄该技术资料一套。
33．改进的译文：人们认为营销就是为某个公司的产品寻找买主，并鼓励购买。
34．改进的译文：这种新型的插座是为满足高度信息输出网络的需要而开发的产品，它首要特点是性能卓越。，
35．改进的译文：会计系统的金融信息对于帮助管理层决策人员制定计划和控制经济实体的活动而言是不可或缺的。
36．改进的译文：人们普遍对公共关系这个词存在误解，错误地用它来描述从销售到招待客人等无所不包的各种活动，而实际上，它是一个非常专门的交流过程。
37．改进的译文：已经确认，产品的生命周期可以分为四个主要阶段：引进市场阶段，成长阶段，成熟阶段和衰退阶段。
38．改进的译文：我方高兴的通知你们：第103号订单货物已遵照你方指示运出
39．改进的译文：所有报盘和销售均应以本报价单背面所印的条件为准。
40．改进的译文：鉴于我们之间长期愉快的业务关系，本公司将酌情考虑给予5%的折扣
兹经买卖双方同意按下列条款达成如下交易：
The undersigned Buyers and Sellers have agreed to close the following transaction according to the terms and conditions stipulated hereunder:
1.商品：缅甸烟叶
Commodity : Burmese Tobacco Leaves
2. 规格： 一级，水分最低11%， 最高12%
Specifications: First grade, moisture 11% minimum and 12% maximum
3. 数量： 100 吨
Quantity: 100 metric tons
4. 单价：每吨成本加运费到黄埔价格1890美元
Unit Price: US$1890.00 per metric ton C & F Huangpu
5. 总值：18.9 万美元
Total Value: US$189000.00
6. 包装：袋装，每袋净重100千克
Packing: In bales of 100 kgs net each
7. 装船麦头：
Shipping Mark:
8. 交货期：20___年5月份
Time of Shipment: During May, 20___
9. 装卸港：由仰光到黄浦
Loading Port & Destination: From Rangoon to Huangpu
10. 保险：由买方投保
Insurance: To be covered by the Buyers.
11. 付款条件：按货物金额90%开立以卖方为收益人的不可撤销信用证，凭卖方汇票跟单向开证行议付，其余10%货款在货到目的地检验合格后付清。
Terms of Payment: By Irrevocable Letter of Credit for 90% of the total invoice value of the goods to be shipped, in favour of the Sellers, payable at the issuing bank against the Seller’s draft at sight accompanied by the shipping documents stipulated in the Credit. The balance if 10% of the proceeds is to be paid only after the goods have been inspected and approved at the port of destination.
12. 交货条件：需附品质、数量、重量、产地证书，买方有权在货到后由中华人民共和国广州出入境检验检疫局进行复检，有关复检证书，可作为买方向卖方提出索赔的依据。
Delivery Terms: Certificates of Quality, Quantity, Weight and Origin are required. The Buyers have the right to have the goods re-inspected by the Guangzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People’s Republic of China at the port of discharge. The relevant Inspection Certificates may serve as the basis of any claim to be lodged by the Buyers against the Sellers.
13.索赔期限：货到目的地卸货后60 天内买房有权为所受损失向卖方提出索赔。
Validity of Claim: The Buyers have the right to lodge claims for all losses sustained within 60 days after discharge of the goods at the port of destination.
14.仲裁：凡有关本合同或因执行本合同所发生的一切争执，双方应以友好协商解决，如协商不能解决，可提交仲裁。仲裁应在原告或被告的国家进行。仲裁费如未另行裁定应由败诉方负担。
Arbitration: All disputes in connection with this Contract or arising in the execution of thereof shall first be settled amicably by negotiation. In case no settlement can be reached, the case under dispute may then be submitted for arbitration. The arbitration shall take place in the plaintiff’s or the defendant’s country. The fees for arbitration shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded.
15.适用法律：本确认书适用中华人民共和国法律。
Governing Law: This Confirmation shall be governed by the laws of the People’s Republic of China.
16.其他：
Others:
8. Purchase Contract
合同编号(Contract No.) :＿＿＿_＿＿＿＿
签订日期(Date) :＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿__
签订地点(Signed at) :＿＿＿＿＿＿＿____
买方：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
The Buyer:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
地址： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Address: ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
电话(Tel):___＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 传真(Fax):＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
电子邮箱(E-mail):＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
卖方：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
The Seller:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
地址：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
Address: ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿_＿
电话(Tel):_＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 传真(Fax):＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
电子邮箱(E-mail):＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
买卖双方同意按照下列条款签订本合同：
The Seller and the Buyer agree to conclude this Contract subject to the terms and conditions stated below:
1.货物名称、规格和质量（Name, Specifications and Quality of Commodity）：
2. 数量（Quantity）：
允许＿＿＿＿的溢短装（＿＿＿% more or less allowed）
3. 单价（Unit Price）：
4. 总值（Total Amount）：
5. 交货条件(Terms of Delivery) FOB/CFR/CIF＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
6. 原产地国与制造商 (Country of Origin and Manufacturers):
7. 包装及标准（Packing）：
货物应具有防潮、防锈蚀、防震并适合于远洋运输的包装，由于货物包装不良而造成的货物残损、灭失应由卖方负责。卖方应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色标明尺码、包装箱号码、毛重、净重及“此端向上”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”等标记。
The packing of the goods shall be preventive from dampness, rust, moisture, erosion and shock, and shall be suitable for ocean transportation/ multiple transportation. The Seller shall be liable for any damage and loss of the goods attributable to the inadequate or improper packing. The measurement, gross weight, net weight and the cautions such as "Do not stack up side down", "Keep away from moisture", "Handle with care" shall be stenciled on the surface of each package with fadeless pigment.
8. 唛头（Shipping Marks）：
9. 装运期限（Time of Shipment）：
10. 装运口岸（Port of Loading）：
11. 目的口岸（Port of Destination）：
12. 保险（Insurance）：
由＿＿＿＿按发票金额110%投保＿＿＿＿＿险和＿＿＿＿＿附加险。
Insurance shall be covered by the ________ for 110% of the invoice value against _______ Risks and __________ Additional Risks.
13. 付款条件（Terms of Payment）：
(1) 信用证方式：买方应在装运期前/合同生效后＿＿日，开出以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的议付信用证，信用证在装船完毕后＿＿日内到期。
Letter of Credit: The Buyer shall, ______ days prior to the time of shipment /after this Contract comes into effect, open an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favor of the Seller. The Letter of Credit shall expire ____ days after the completion of loading of the shipment as stipulated.
(2) 付款交单：货物发运后，卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票，按即期付款交单（D/P）方式，通过卖方银行及＿＿＿＿＿银行向买方转交单证，换取货物。
Documents against payment: After shipment, the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange on the Buyer and deliver the documents through Sellers bank and ______ Bank to the Buyer against payment, i.e D/P. The Buyer shall effect the payment immediately upon the first presentation of the bill(s) of exchange.
(3) 承兑交单：货物发运后，卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票，付款期限为＿＿＿＿后＿＿日，按即期承兑交单(D/A＿＿日)方式，通过卖方银行及＿＿＿＿＿＿银行，经买方承兑后，向买方转交单证，买方在汇票期限到期时支付货款。
Documents against Acceptance: After shipment, the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange, payable_____ days after the Buyers delivers the document through Sellers,ank and _________Bank to the Buyer against acceptance (D/A___ days). The Buyer shall make the payment on date of the bill of exchange.
(4) 货到付款：买方在收到货物后＿＿天内将全部货款支付卖方（不适用于 FOB、CRF、CIF术语）。
Cash on delivery (COD): The Buyer shall pay to the Seller total amount within ______ days after the receipt of the goods (This clause is not applied to the Terms of FOB, CFR, CIF).
14. 单据（Documents Required）：
卖方应将下列单据提交银行议付/托收：
The Seller shall present the following documents required to the bank for negotiation/collection:
(1) 标明通知收货人/受货代理人的全套清洁的、已装船的、空白抬头、空白背书并注明运费已付/到付的海运/联运/陆运提单。
Full set of clean on board Ocean/Combined Transportation/Land Bills of Lading and blank endorsed marked freight prepaid/ to collect;
(2) 标有合同编号、信用证号（信用证支付条件下）及装运唛头的商业发票一式＿＿份；
Signed commercial invoice in ______copies indicating Contract No., L/C No. (Terms of L/C) and shipping marks;
(3) 由＿＿＿＿＿＿出具的装箱或重量单一式＿＿份；
Packing list/weight memo in ______ copies issued by＿＿；
(4) 由＿＿＿＿＿＿出具的质量证明书一式＿＿份；
Certificate of Quality in _______ copies issued by＿＿＿＿；
(5) 由＿＿＿＿＿＿出具的数量证明书一式＿＿份；
Certificate of Quantity in ___ copies issued by＿＿＿＿；
(6) 保险单正本一式＿＿份(CIF 交货条件)；
Insurance policy/certificate in ___ copies (Terms of CIF)；
(7)＿＿＿＿签发的产地证一式＿＿份；
Certificate of Origin in ___ copies issued by＿＿＿＿；
(8) 装运通知(Shipping advice): 卖方应在交运后_____ 小时内以特快专递方式邮寄给买方上述第＿＿项单据副本一式一套。
The Seller shall, within ____ hours after shipment effected, send by courier each copy of the above-mentioned documents No. ＿＿.
15. 装运条款（Terms of Shipment）：
(1) FOB交货方式
卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前30天，以＿＿＿＿方式通知买方合同号、品名、数量、金额、包装件、毛重、尺码及装运港可装日期，以便买方安排租船/订舱。装运船只按期到达装运港后，如卖方不能按时装船，发生的空船费或滞期费由卖方负担。在货物越过船弦并脱离吊钩以前一切费用和风险由卖方负担。
The Seller shall, 30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract, advise the Buyer by _______ of the Contract No., commodity, quantity, amount, packages, gross weight, measurement, and the date of shipment in order that the Buyer can charter a vessel/book shipping space. In the event of the Seller's failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port, all expenses including dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be for the Seller's account.
(2) CIF或CFR交货方式
卖方须按时在装运期限内将货物由装运港装船至目的港。在CFR术语下，卖方应在装船前2天以＿＿＿＿方式通知买方合同号、品名、发票价值及开船日期，以便买方安排保险。
The Seller shall ship the goods duly within the shipping duration from the port of loading to the port of destination. Under CFR terms, the Seller shall advise the Buyer by _________ of the Contract No., commodity, invoice value and the date of dispatch two days before the shipment for the Buyer to arrange insurance in time.
16. 装运通知（Shipping Advice）：
一俟装载完毕，卖方应在＿＿小时内以＿＿＿＿方式通知买方合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛重、船名/车/机号及启程日期等。
The Seller shall, immediately upon the completion of the loading of the goods, advise the Buyer of the Contract No., names of commodity, loading quantity, invoice values, gross weight, name of vessel and shipment date by_________ within________hours.
17. 质量保证（Quality Guarantee）：
货物品质规格必须符合本合同及质量保证书之规定，品质保证期为货到目的港＿＿个月内。在保证期限内，因制造厂商在设计制造过程中的缺陷造成的货物损害应由卖方负责赔偿。
The Seller shall guarantee that the commodity must be in conformity with the quatity, specifications and quantity specified in this Contract and Letter of Quality Guarantee. The guarantee period shall be______months after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, and during the period the Seller shall be responsible for the damage due to the defects in designing and manufacturing of the manufacturer.
18. 检验（Inspection）（以下两项任选一项）：
（1）卖方须在装运前＿＿日委托＿＿＿＿＿＿检验机构对本合同之货物进行检验并出具检验证书，货到目的港后，由买方委托＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿检验机构进行检验。
The Seller shall have the goods inspected by ______ days before the shipment and have the Inspection Certificate issued by____. The Buyer may have the goods reinspected by ________ after the goods,rrival at the destination.
(2) 发货前，制造厂应对货物的质量、规格、性能和数量/重量作精密全面 的检验，出具检验证明书，并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后，买方将申请中国商品检验局(以下简称商检局)对货物的规格和数量/重量进行检验，如发现货物残损或规格、数量与合同规定不符，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，买方得在货物到达目的港后＿＿日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。在保证期内，如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时，买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。
The manufacturers shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality, specifications, performance and quantity/weight, and issue inspection certificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection. After arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyer shall apply to China Commodity Inspection Bureau (hereinafter referred to as CCIB) for a further inspection as to the specifications and quantity/weight of the goods. If damages of the goods are found, or the specifications and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract, except when the responsibilities lies with Insurance Company or Shipping Company, the Buyer shall, within _____ days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller, or reject the goods according to the inspection certificate issued by CCIB. In case of damage of the goods incurred due to the design or manufacture defects and/or in case the quality and performance are not in conformity with the Contract, the Buyer shall, during the guarantee period, request CCIB to make a survey.
19. 索赔（Claim）：
买方凭其委托的检验机构出具的检验证明书向卖方提出索赔（包括换货），由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负担。若卖方收到上述索赔后______天未予答复，则认为卖方已接受买方索赔。
The buyer shall make a claim against the Seller (including replacement of the goods) by the further inspection certificate and all the expenses incurred therefrom shall be borne by the Seller. The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fail to reply within ______days after the Seller received the Buyer's claim.
20. 迟交货与罚款（Late delivery and Penalty）:
除合同第21条不可抗力原因外，如卖方不能按合同规定的时间交货，买方应同意在卖方支付罚款的条件下延期交货。罚款可由议付银行在议付货款时扣除，罚款率按每＿＿天收＿＿%，不足＿＿天时以＿＿天计算。但罚款不得超过迟交 货物总价的____ %。如卖方延期交货超过合同规定＿＿天时，买方有权撤销合同，此时，卖方仍应不迟延地按上述规定向买方支付罚款。
Should the Seller fail to make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract, with the exception of Force Majeure causes specified in Clause 21 of this Contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition that the Seller agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation. The rate of penalty is charged at______% for every ______ days, odd days less than _____days should be counted as ______ days. But the penalty, however, shall not exceed_______% of the total value of the goods involved in the delayed delivery. In case the Seller fail to make delivery ______ days later than the time of shipment stipulated in the Contract, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract and the Seller, in spite of the cancellation, shall nevertheless pay the aforesaid penalty to the Buyer without delay.
买方有权对因此遭受的其它损失向卖方提出索赔。
The buyer shall have the right to lodge a claim against the Seller for the losses sustained if any.
21. 不可抗力（Force Majeure）：
凡在制造或装船运输过程中，因不可抗力致使卖方不能或推迟交货时，卖方不负责任。在发生上述情况时，卖方应立即通知买方，并在＿＿天内，给买方特快专递一份由当地民间商会签发的事故证明书。在此情况下，卖方仍有责任采取一切必要措施加快交货。如事故延续＿＿天以上，买方有权撤销合同。
The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The Seller shall advise the Buyer immediately of the occurrence mentioned above and within_____ days thereafter the Seller shall send a notice by courier to the Buyer for their acceptance of a certificate of the accident issued by the local chamber of commerce under whose jurisdiction the accident occurs as evidence thereof. Under such circumstances the Seller, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. In case the accident lasts for more than _____ days the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract.
22. 争议的解决 (Arbitration):
凡因本合同引起的或与本合同有关的任何争议应协商解决。若协商不成，应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会深圳分会，按照申请时该会当时施行的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。
Any dispute arising from or in connection with the Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation. In case no settlement is reached, the dispute shall be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission (CIETAC),Shenzhen Commission, for arbitration in accordance with its rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.
23. 通知（Notices):
所有通知用＿＿＿＿文写成，并按照如下地址用传真/电子邮件/快件送达给各方。如果地址有变更，一方应在变更后＿＿日内书面通知另一方。
All notice shall be written in _____ and served to both parties by fax/courier according to the following addresses. If any changes of the addresses occur, one party shall inform the other party of the change of address within ____days after the change.
24.本合同使用的FOB、CFR、CIF术语系根据国际商会《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》。
The terms FOB、CFR、CIF in the Contract are based on INCOTERMS 2000 of the International Chamber of Commerce.
25. 附加条款 (Additional clause)：
本合同上述条款与本附加条款抵触时，以本附加条款为准。
Conflicts between Contract clause hereabove and this additional clause, if any, it is subject to this additional clause.
26. 本合同用中英文两种文字写成，两种文字具有同等效力。本合同共＿＿份，自双方代表签字（盖章）之日起生效。
This Contract is executed in two counterparts each in Chinese and English, each of which shall deemed equally authentic. This Contract is in ______ copies, effective since being signed/sealed by both parties.