偶看新闻讲解孔雀东南飞:[神马语法]高中版高考英语语法突破-虚拟语气(3)
来源：百度文库 编辑：偶看新闻 时间：2024/04/19 21:27:00
（一）知识讲解
虚拟语气在其他场合的运用
1) 虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。
She loves the children in the kindergarten as if they were her own.
她像自己孩子一样热爱幼儿园的孩子门。
He talked about China as if he had been there. 他谈起中国来好像去过那里。
2) 虚拟语气用于句型“It is (about / high) time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were) 或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在) 该……”。如：
It is high time (that) we began to work. 咱们该开始工作了。
3) 虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。
[例] If only you hadn't offended him. 你当时不惹他就好了。
If only I had some money on hand now. 我现在手头有些钱就好了。
If only he could come tomorrow. 他明天能来有多好啊。
4) 虚拟语气用在“for fear that”引起的状语从句中，表示“以防”、“以免”，其形式为should +动词原形(should不能省略) 。
She put a blanket over that baby for fear that he should catch cold.
她将一张毯子盖在婴儿身上以免它着凉。
5）虚拟语气用在介词without副词otherwise以及短语or else中。
Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things.
如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。
6）if省略句
在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.
他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。
(二)[基础过关]
1. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _______ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
解析：在as if/as though引导的状语从句中使用虚拟语气，指现在状况，用一般过去时。
答案：D
2、He asked as if he_____ the secret.
A. had known B. has known C. knew D. knows
解析：与过去的事实相反。
答案：A
3、It’s high time we _______ to the theater.
A. will B. shall C. are going to D. went
解析：It’s (high/about)time that从句的谓语动词多用过去时。
答案：D
(三)[能力提高]
1、If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _______ in science and technology.
A. had discovered B. had been discovered
C. has discovered D. has been discovered
解析：if引导一个虚拟语气，Newton会被“现在已经发现的科学技术”震惊，故选择现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：D
2、_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
解析：在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do。
答案：C
3、But for her charming smile, he _____ her.
A. wouldn’t have married
B. won’t marry
C. wasn’t married to
D. wouldn’t marry with
解析：句意：要不是她迷人的笑容，他本不会娶她。
答案：A
4、Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ____ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed
C. could manage D. can have managed
解析： I don’t think…是否定前移。意为：我认为没有你我们本不能做成这件事的。此题关键是知道基本形式是情态动词（过去式）+have done。
答案：B
虚拟语气在其他场合的运用
1) 虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。
She loves the children in the kindergarten as if they were her own.
她像自己孩子一样热爱幼儿园的孩子门。
He talked about China as if he had been there. 他谈起中国来好像去过那里。
2) 虚拟语气用于句型“It is (about / high) time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were) 或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在) 该……”。如：
It is high time (that) we began to work. 咱们该开始工作了。
3) 虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。
[例] If only you hadn't offended him. 你当时不惹他就好了。
If only I had some money on hand now. 我现在手头有些钱就好了。
If only he could come tomorrow. 他明天能来有多好啊。
4) 虚拟语气用在“for fear that”引起的状语从句中，表示“以防”、“以免”，其形式为should +动词原形(should不能省略) 。
She put a blanket over that baby for fear that he should catch cold.
她将一张毯子盖在婴儿身上以免它着凉。
5）虚拟语气用在介词without副词otherwise以及短语or else中。
Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things.
如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。
6）if省略句
在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.
他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。
(二)[基础过关]
1. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _______ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
解析：在as if/as though引导的状语从句中使用虚拟语气，指现在状况，用一般过去时。
答案：D
2、He asked as if he_____ the secret.
A. had known B. has known C. knew D. knows
解析：与过去的事实相反。
答案：A
3、It’s high time we _______ to the theater.
A. will B. shall C. are going to D. went
解析：It’s (high/about)time that从句的谓语动词多用过去时。
答案：D
(三)[能力提高]
1、If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what _______ in science and technology.
A. had discovered B. had been discovered
C. has discovered D. has been discovered
解析：if引导一个虚拟语气，Newton会被“现在已经发现的科学技术”震惊，故选择现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：D
2、_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
解析：在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do。
答案：C
3、But for her charming smile, he _____ her.
A. wouldn’t have married
B. won’t marry
C. wasn’t married to
D. wouldn’t marry with
解析：句意：要不是她迷人的笑容，他本不会娶她。
答案：A
4、Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ____ it without you.
A. can manage B. could have managed
C. could manage D. can have managed
解析： I don’t think…是否定前移。意为：我认为没有你我们本不能做成这件事的。此题关键是知道基本形式是情态动词（过去式）+have done。
答案：B